Striving to Write a New Chapter in Building a Strong Education System on the New Journey of the New Era

Education is the foundation of building a strong country and achieving national rejuvenation. General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important speech at the National Education Conference made systematic arrangements for accelerating the building of a strong education system on the new journey of the New Era, issuing a mobilization order to the entire Party and society to build a strong education system. The education system will unswervingly implement these tasks, bravely undertake the new mission of revitalizing and strengthening education, and continuously open up new horizons in its work.

教育是强国建设、民族复兴之基。习近平总书记在全国教育大会上的重要讲话，对新时代新征程加快建设教育强国作出系统部署，向全党全社会发出建设教育强国的动员令。教育系统将坚定不移抓好落实，勇担兴教强教新使命，不断开创工作新局面。

Enhancing the ideological consciousness and action consciousness of accelerating the building of a strong education system

增强加快推进教育强国建设的思想自觉和行动自觉

General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important speech deeply analyzes the practical foundation and current situation facing the building of a strong education system, systematically explains the scientific connotation, basic path, and major tasks and measures of a strong education system, and possesses strong political, ideological, and guiding significance, providing a program of action and scientific guide for building a strong education system. The education system is deeply encouraged and greatly inspired, while also feeling a glorious mission and heavy responsibility.

习近平总书记的重要讲话，深入分析建设教育强国的实践基础、面临形势，系统阐释教育强国的科学内涵、基本路径和重大任务举措，具有很强的政治性、思想性、指导性，为教育强国建设提供了行动纲领和科学指南。教育系统深受鼓舞、倍感振奋，同时深感使命光荣、责任重大。

The status and role of education are unprecedented. The Party and the state have always attached importance to education. At the 2018 National Education Conference, General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward the major thesis that “education is a great plan for the country and a great plan for the Party,” and refined and summarized the major theoretical achievement of the “nine persistences.” [1]1 "Fostering virtue through education" (立德树人) is a core principle in Chinese education policy, emphasizing the cultivation of moral character and ethical values as the primary goal of education, alongside academic and skill development. The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC clearly stated the goal of building a strong education system by 2035, and for the first time arranged education, science and technology, and human resources in a coordinated and integrated manner, placing them in a prominent position, fully demonstrating the foundational, leading, and overall status and role of education. The “Decision” of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC [2]2 The “five types of education” (五育) refer to moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic, and labor education, a framework for comprehensive student development promoted in China’s education system. made strategic arrangements for the coordinated promotion of the integrated reform of education, science and technology, and human resources systems and mechanisms within the framework of “building a comprehensive innovation support system,” reflecting the major value of education, science and technology, and human resources as the foundational and strategic support for Chinese-path modernization. At this National Education Conference, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that “education is the foundation of building a strong country and national rejuvenation,” emphasizing that building a strong education system is “the pioneering task, solid foundation, and strategic support for realizing the comprehensive advancement of building a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-path modernization,” fully reflecting General Secretary Xi Jinping’s high regard and warm concern for building a strong education system, marking a new height in the status and role of education in the overall cause of the Party and the state.

教育的地位作用前所未有。党和国家历来重视教育，在2018年全国教育大会上，习近平总书记提出“教育是国之大计、党之大计”重大论断，提炼概括“九个坚持”的重大理论成果。党的二十大报告明确到2035年建成教育强国，并首次把教育科技人才统筹安排、一体部署，摆在突出位置，充分彰显教育的基础性、先导性、全局性地位和作用。党的二十届三中全会《决定》在“构建支持全面创新体制机制”中对统筹推进教育科技人才体制机制一体改革作出战略部署，反映出教育、科技、人才作为中国式现代化基础性、战略性支撑的重大价值。在这次全国教育大会上，习近平总书记指出“教育是强国建设、民族复兴之基”，强调建成教育强国是“实现以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的先导任务、坚实基础、战略支撑”，充分体现了习近平总书记对建设教育强国的高度重视和亲切关怀，标志着教育在党和国家事业发展全局中的地位作用上升到崭新高度。

The mission and responsibility of the education system are unprecedented. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Building a strong education system is a complex systematic project.” We must clearly recognize that the leap from a large education country to a strong education country still has a long way to go. Facing the profound impact of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation on global order and development patterns, whether we can build a strong education system, provide support for accelerating the achievement of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening, and whether we can cultivate world-class talent and a large number of high-quality builders needed for economic and social development, are major issues before us. China’s population shows trend characteristics of declining birth rates, aging, and regional differentiation in population increase and decrease, posing new requirements for the layout of urban and rural schools, the allocation of teacher resources, and the construction of a high-quality education system serving lifelong learning for all. The contradiction between the people’s aspiration for higher quality and more diverse education and the unbalanced and inadequate development of education is relatively prominent. How to ensure that every child enjoys fair and quality education, so that everyone with different endowments and potentials can fully develop, will be the direction of our long-term efforts and continuous reform.

教育系统的使命责任前所未有。习近平总书记指出：“建设教育强国是一项复杂的系统工程”。我们要清醒认识到，实现从教育大国向教育强国的跨越依然任重道远。面对新一轮科技革命和产业变革对全球秩序和发展格局带来的深远影响，能不能建成教育强国、为加快实现高水平科技自立自强提供支撑，能不能培养出世界一流人才和经济社会发展所需的大批高素质建设者，是摆在我们面前的重大课题。我国人口呈现少子化、老龄化、区域人口增减分化的趋势性特征，对城乡学校布局、教师资源配置、构建服务全民终身学习的高质量教育体系提出了新的要求。人民群众对更高质量、更加多样教育的向往与教育发展的不平衡不充分之间的矛盾比较突出，如何让每个孩子都享有公平而有质量的教育，使具有不同禀赋和潜能的每一个人都能得到充分发展，将是我们长期努力、不断改革的方向。

The confidence and confidence in building a strong education system on schedule are unprecedented. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “The education cause in the New Era has achieved historic achievements and undergone structural changes, and solid steps have been taken in building a strong education system.” Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has insisted on placing education in a strategic position of priority development, continuously deepened the reform of the education system and mechanisms, and promoted China to build the world’s largest and quality education system, with the overall level of education modernization entering the ranks of upper-middle-income countries in the world. In the New Era, education has made significant contributions to national economic and social development in terms of talent cultivation, basic research, and major scientific and technological breakthroughs, laying a solid foundation for building a strong education system. The achievement of these results is fundamentally due to General Secretary Xi Jinping’s stewardship and the

如期建成教育强国的信心底气前所未有。习近平总书记指出：“新时代教育事业取得历史性成就、发生格局性变化，教育强国建设迈出坚实步伐。”党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚持把教育摆在优先发展的战略位置，不断深化教育体制机制改革，推动我国建成世界最大规模且有质量的教育体系，教育现代化发展总体水平跨入世界中上国家行列。新时代教育在人才培养、基础研究、重大科技突破等方面，为国家经济社会发展作出了重大贡献，为教育强国建设奠定了坚实基础。这些成就的取得，根本在于习近平总书记掌舵领航，在于习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想科学指引，这是我们信念坚定、强大底气之所在。今天，我们比历史上任何时期都更有信心、更有条件、更有能力完成建成教育强国的重大历史使命。

Focusing on the strategic blueprint to construct the "four beams and eight pillars" of building a strong education country

聚焦战略图景架构教育强国建设“四梁八柱”

General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech comprehensively outlines the strategic blueprint for building a strong education country, scientifically answering a series of major questions such as why to build a strong education country, what kind of strong education country to build, and how to build a strong education country. On the new journey of the New Era, we must firmly grasp the political attribute, the people's attribute, and the strategic attribute of education, deeply understand the "six major characteristics" of a strong education country, closely focus on key areas and crucial links, and adhere to systematically and holistically advancing the construction of a strong education country.

习近平总书记的重要讲话整体擘画教育强国战略图景，科学回答了为什么要建设教育强国、建设什么样的教育强国、怎样建设教育强国等一系列重大问题。新时代新征程，我们要牢牢把握教育的政治属性、人民属性、战略属性，深刻领会教育强国的“六大特质”，紧扣重点领域、关键环节，坚持系统、整体推进教育强国建设。

Integrate the "three major attributes" into all aspects and the entire process of building a strong education country. The political attribute, the people's attribute, and the strategic attribute of education profoundly reveal the advanced essence, distinctive features, and unique advantages of China's socialist education. The three are rich in connotation, interrelated, and organically unified, requiring them to be integrated and reflected in all aspects and the entire process of building a strong education country. Focusing on the political attribute, we must answer the fundamental question of "for whom to cultivate people, what kind of people to cultivate, and how to cultivate people," ensuring that the people we cultivate are always loyal to the Party, loyal to the country, loyal to the people, and loyal to socialism. Focusing on the people's attribute, we must answer the major question of the basic stance and value pursuit of education, promoting the fruits of educational reform and development to benefit all the people more and more fairly. Focusing on the strategic attribute, we must answer the major question of education serving high-quality development, giving full play to the important function of building a strong education country in supporting and leading Chinese-path modernization.

把“三大属性”贯穿教育强国建设各方面全过程。教育的政治属性、人民属性、战略属性，深刻揭示我国社会主义教育的先进本质、鲜明特色、独有优势。三者内涵丰富、相互联系、有机统一，需要贯通和体现到教育强国建设的各方面全过程。着眼政治属性，必须回答好“为谁培养人、培养什么人、怎样培养人”的根本问题，确保我们培养的人始终忠于党、忠于国家、忠于人民、忠于社会主义。着眼人民属性，必须回答好教育的基本立场和价值追求问题，促进教育改革发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民。着眼战略属性，必须回答好教育服务高质量发展的重大问题，发挥教育强国建设支撑引领中国式现代化的重要功能。

Focus on the "six major characteristics" to achieve a qualitative leap in building a strong education country. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "The strong education country we want to build is a socialist strong education country with Chinese characteristics, which should have strong ideological and political guiding force, talent competitiveness, scientific and technological support, people's livelihood guarantee, social synergy, and international influence, providing strong support for comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization." These "six major characteristics" are not only reflected in development capacity, but also in work intensity, and in comprehensive strength. They are the essential requirements, landmark achievements, and fundamental yardsticks for building a strong education country. Focusing on ideological and political guiding force, we need to always grasp the correct political direction, master the leadership of ideological work, and effectively shape students' values. Focusing on talent competitiveness, we need to place the cultivation of talents urgently needed for major national strategies in a more prominent position, striving to form an international comparative advantage in top-notch innovative talents. Focusing on scientific and technological support, we need to give full play to the role of universities as the main force in basic research and the source of major scientific and technological breakthroughs, promoting the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening. Focusing on people's livelihood guarantee, we need to respond to the people's demand for fairer and higher-quality education in a timely and effective manner, promoting the comprehensive development of individuals and common prosperity for all people. Focusing on social synergy, we need to mobilize the enthusiasm of both the central and local governments, effectively coordinate and integrate the resources of the whole society, jointly support education, gather strong synergy, and promote the modernization of the education governance system and governance capacity. Focusing on international influence, we need to expand international educational exchanges and cooperation, enhance the global discourse power and attractiveness of Chinese education, and its leading and shaping power in global education governance.

聚焦“六大特质”实现教育强国质的提升。习近平总书记强调：“我们要建成的教育强国，是中国特色社会主义教育强国，应当具有强大的思政引领力、人才竞争力、科技支撑力、民生保障力、社会协同力、国际影响力，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业提供有力支撑。”这“六大特质”既体现为发展能力，也体现为工作力度，还体现为综合实力，是教育强国建设的本质性要求、标志性成效和根本性标尺。聚焦思政引领力，需要始终把握正确政治方向、掌握意识形态工作领导权、有效塑造学生价值观。聚焦人才竞争力，需要把培养国家重大战略急需人才摆到更加突出的位置，努力形成拔尖创新人才的国际比较优势。聚焦科技支撑力，需要发挥高校基础研究的主力军和重大科技突破的策源地作用，推动实现高水平科技自立自强。聚焦民生保障力，需要及时有效回应人民群众更加公平优质教育需求、促进人的全面发展和全体人民共同富裕。聚焦社会协同力，需要调动中央和地方两个积极性、有效协调整合全社会资源，共同支持教育、汇聚强大合力，推动教育治理体系和治理能力现代化。聚焦国际影响力，需要扩大国际教育交流和合作，提升中国教育的全球话语权、吸引力和在全球教育治理中的引领力、塑造力。

Support China's systematic leap from a large education country to a strong education country with a high-quality education system. Centering on the systematic restructuring, holistic reshaping, and institutional reconstruction of the education system, coordinate policy support, resource allocation, and mechanism innovation. Focus on the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education [1]1 "Fostering virtue through education" (立德树人) is a core principle in Chinese education policy, emphasizing the cultivation of moral character and ethical values as the primary goal of education, alongside academic and skill development., coordinate basic education, higher education, vocational education, and lifelong education, strengthen scientific and technological support, firmly grasp the foundational role of the teaching force construction, expand the space for the international development of education, promote the education system to pay more attention to systematic and comprehensive integration, promote education organizations to pay more attention to openness, integration, diversity, and variety, promote education development to pay more attention to embracing the world with confidence and self-reliance, and promote educational activities to extend more towards flexible and broad autonomous learning and lifelong learning.

以高质量教育体系支撑我国由教育大国向教育强国系统性跃升。围绕教育体系的系统性重构、整体性重塑、机制性重建，统筹政策配套、资源配置、机制创新，聚焦立德树人根本任务，统筹基础教育、高等教育、职业教育、终身教育，加强科技支撑，牢牢把握教师队伍建设基础作用，拓展教育国际化发展空间，推动教育体系更加注重系统性、综合性集成，推动教育组织更加注重开放融合、多元多样，推动教育发展更加注重胸怀天下、自信自立，推动教育活动更加注重向更加灵活广阔的自主学习、终身学习延伸。

Promoting the Implementation of Key Tasks for Building a Strong Education Country with the Spirit of Reform and Innovation

以改革创新精神推进教育强国建设重点任务落地见效

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Correctly handle major relationships such as supporting national strategy and meeting people’s livelihood needs, knowledge learning and comprehensive development, cultivating talent and meeting social needs, maintaining order and vitality, and rooting in China’s soil while drawing on international experience.” We must deeply understand the scientific laws contained in the “five major relationships,” face prominent problems and key points directly, deepen reform and innovation, and continuously add momentum and vitality to building a strong education country.

习近平总书记指出：“正确处理支撑国家战略和满足民生需求、知识学习和全面发展、培养人才和满足社会需要、规范有序和激发活力、扎根中国大地和借鉴国际经验等重大关系。”我们要深刻领悟“五大关系”蕴含的科学规律，直面突出问题、关键要害，深化改革创新，不断为教育强国建设增动力、添活力。

Unswervingly implement the fundamental task of fostering virtue and nurturing people. Continuously deepen the integration of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era into textbooks, classrooms, and minds, comprehensively organize and implement the project of fostering virtue and nurturing people in the New Era, and simultaneously advance the construction of ideological and political courses and the arming of the Party’s innovative theories. Highlight the key point of constructing a curriculum and textbook system with Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as the core content, systematically improve the curriculum standards for ideological and political courses in primary and secondary schools according to the cognitive characteristics of students at each stage, and holistically optimize and design the curriculum plans for ideological and political courses in universities, achieving a gradual, spiraling, and continuously consolidating educational effect. Leverage the educational and inspirational role of successful cases from the great transformations of the New Era, guiding students to perceive the practical power of the Party’s innovative theories. Strengthen the systematic and theoretical research and interpretation of the Party’s innovative theories, applying the results to teaching practice. Strengthen the construction of “grand ideological and political courses,” adhere to the coordination of in-class and out-of-class activities, the integration of on-campus and off-campus resources, and the fusion of online and offline methods, create distinctive brands for online ideological and political education, and continuously expand the space and positions for practical education and online education. Take physical and mental health as a breakthrough point to strengthen the simultaneous development of five types of education [2]2 The “five types of education” (五育) refer to moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic, and labor education, a framework for comprehensive student development promoted in China’s education system., deeply implement quality education, and promote the comprehensive growth and success of students.

坚定不移落实好立德树人根本任务。持续深化习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想进教材、进课堂、进头脑，全面组织实施新时代立德树人工程，同步推进思政课建设与党的创新理论武装。突出构建以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为核心内容的课程教材体系这一重点，根据每个学段学生认知特点，系统完善中小学思政课课程标准，整体优化设计高校思政课课程方案，实现循序渐进、螺旋上升、不断巩固的育人效果。发挥新时代伟大变革成功案例的教育激励作用，引导学生感悟党的创新理论的实践伟力。加强党的创新理论体系化学理化研究阐释，将成果运用到教学实践中。加强“大思政课”建设，坚持课上课下协同、校内校外一体、线上线下融合，打造网络思想政治教育特色品牌，不断拓展实践育人和网络育人的空间和阵地。以身心健康为突破点强化五育并举，深入实施素质教育，促进学生全面成长成才。

Strengthen the supporting role of education for science, technology, and talent. Strive to achieve substantial progress in coordinating and advancing the integrated reform of the education, science and technology, and talent systems, implement breakthrough plans for basic disciplines and interdisciplinary fields, and increase the level of organization in basic research. Improve the mechanism for adjusting university discipline settings and talent cultivation models, guided by technological development and national strategic needs. Explore new models for cultivating top-notch innovative talents, strengthen the training of engineering master’s and doctoral students, and establish a long-term stable support mechanism for young scientific and technological talents. Implement comprehensive reform pilots in higher education, advance the reform and development of universities by category, and improve the mechanism for matching talent supply and demand. Build regional technology transfer and transformation centers, strengthen校企科研合作 [3]3 校企科研合作: school-enterprise scientific research cooperation, referring to collaboration between universities and businesses., and plan the construction of higher education research institutes. Deepen the reform of the modern vocational education system at the provincial level, and advance pilot projects for city-industry education consortia and industry-education integration communities.

强化教育对科技和人才的支撑作用。着力在统筹推进教育科技人才体制机制一体改革上取得实质进展，实施基础学科和交叉学科突破计划，提高基础研究组织化程度。完善以科技发展、国家战略需求为牵引的高校学科设置调整机制和人才培养模式。探索拔尖创新人才培养新模式，强化工程硕博士培养，构建青年科技人才长周期稳定支持机制。实施高等教育综合改革试点，分类推进高校改革发展，完善人才供需适配机制。打造区域技术转移转化中心，强化校企科研合作，布局建设高等教育研究院。深化省域现代职业教育体系建设改革，推进市域产教联合体、行业产教融合共同体试点。

Improve the quality and level of public education services. In response to the successive peaks of the population at each educational stage, establish a basic public education service supply mechanism coordinated with population changes, and make forward-looking arrangements for the allocation of educational resources. Deeply implement the action plan for expanding quality and improving efficiency in basic education in the New Era, improve the mechanism for promoting the balanced and high-quality development of compulsory education, promote the universal and inclusive development of preschool education and the diversified development of high school education, and explore the gradual expansion of the scope of free education. Continuously consolidate the results of the “double reduction” policy [4]4 The “double reduction” policy (双减) refers to a 2021 policy aimed at reducing the burden of excessive homework and off-campus tutoring for students in compulsory education., comprehensively improve the level of classroom teaching, and enhance the quality of after-school services. Deeply implement the national strategy for educational digitalization, and improve the level of public services for lifelong learning.

提升教育公共服务质量和水平。针对各学段人口依次达峰，建立同人口变化相协调的基本公共教育服务供给机制，做好教育资源配置的前瞻布局。深入实施新时代基础教育扩优提质行动计划，完善义务教育优质均衡推进机制，促进学前教育普及普惠和高中阶段学校多样化发展，探索逐步扩大免费教育范围。持续巩固“双减”成果，全面提升课堂教学水平，提高课后服务质量。深入实施国家教育数字化战略，提升终身学习公共服务水平。

Cultivate and build a high-level teaching force for the New Era. Implement the action to forge the spirit of educators and strengthen teachers, promote the integration of the spirit of educators into the entire process of teacher training and development, and improve the long-term mechanism for building teacher ethics and conduct. Improve the teacher education system with Chinese characteristics, further enhance the level of teacher education in normal universities, deeply implement the “National Excellent Plan” [5]5 The “National Excellent Plan” (国优计划) is a Chinese government program to recruit and train outstanding graduates from high-level universities as teachers, particularly in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields., and promote high-level universities to carry out teacher education. Coordinate and optimize teacher management and resource allocation, adjust the ratio of teachers to students in schools, optimize the structure of teacher positions, etc., to solve the structural, periodic, and regional shortages of teachers. Further increase the selection, commendation, and publicity of outstanding teachers, making teaching one of the most respected professions in society.

培养造就新时代高水平教师队伍。实施教育家精神铸魂强师行动，推动教育家精神融入教师培养培训全过程，健全师德师风建设长效机制。健全中国特色教师教育体系，进一步提升师范教育办学水平，深入实施“国优计划”等，推动高水平大学开展教师教育。统筹优化教师管理与资源配置，调整学校师生配比、优化教师岗位结构比例等，解决教师结构性、阶段性、区域性短缺问题。进一步加大优秀教师选树表彰和宣传力度，让教师成为最受社会尊崇的职业之一。

Build an important educational center with global influence. Systematically reshape the pattern of educational foreign affairs work, encourage high-level foreign science and engineering universities to cooperate in running schools in China, and better serve the national strategy and overall diplomatic situation. Expand international academic exchanges and educational-scientific research cooperation, support high-level research universities in initiating and participating in international big science programs, building big science facilities, and leading major international scientific research projects. Actively participate in global education governance, deepen cooperation with international organizations and multilateral mechanisms, play a role in the design of global education agendas, topic setting, and rule-making, and continuously enhance the international influence of China’s education.

建设具有全球影响力的重要教育中心。系统重塑教育大外事工作格局，鼓励国外高水平理工类大学来华合作办学，更好服务国家战略和外交大局。扩大国际学术交流和教育科研合作，支持高水平研究型大学发起和参与国际大科学计划、建设大科学装置、主持重大国际科研项目。积极参与全球教育治理，深化同国际组织和多边机制合作，发挥在全球教育议程设计、议题设置和规则制定中的作用，不断提升我国教育国际影响力。

One part planning, nine parts implementation. We must adhere to the combination of laying foundations, establishing mechanisms, and benefiting the long term, coordinate the near, medium, and long term, promptly plan and layout urgent major matters and key areas and links that need breakthroughs, and transform the blueprint for building a strong education country into specific construction drawings, task books, and responsibility statements. Adhere to the spirit of driving nails to ensure implementation, move forward courageously with the strategic vision of cultivating talent for a century and the striving posture of a hundred boats competing, and transform General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important speech into surging momentum and vivid practice for building a strong education country, and into effective measures and practical results that support and lead Chinese-path modernization.

一分部署，九分落实。我们要坚持打基础、建机制和利长远相结合，统筹近期中期远期，抓紧谋划布局急需抓住的重大事项、急需突破的重大领域和环节，将教育强国蓝图转化为具体施工图、任务书、责任状。坚持以钉钉子精神抓好落实，以百年树人的战略眼光和百舸争流的奋斗姿态勇毅前行，把习近平总书记重要讲话精神转化为教育强国建设的澎湃动力、生动实践，转化为支撑引领中国式现代化的有力举措、务实成效。

Online Editor: Rainbow

网络编辑：彩虹

Source: People’s Daily, October 16, 2024

来源 ：《人民日报》2024年10月16日