Upholding Fundamental Principles and Breaking New Ground: The Core Logic and Practical Guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture

Xi Jinping Thought on Culture is the fundamental guidance and theoretical compass for us to continue promoting cultural prosperity, building a strong cultural nation, and constructing the modern civilization of the Chinese nation at a new historical starting point, thereby shouldering the new cultural mission of the New Era. General Secretary Xi Jinping has stressed that “we must, with the integrity and drive to uphold fundamental principles and break new ground, carry forward the historical cultural lineage and write a contemporary chapter.” [1]1 Quoted from Xi Jinping’s speech at the Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Development (June 2, 2023). Upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground is the core logic and practical guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture; its connotations are extremely rich, and it reveals the inner logic that ideological and cultural construction must follow. Adhering to the upholding of fundamental principles in values to continuously enrich the forms of theoretical innovation lays a solid ideological and cultural foundation for creating a new form of human civilization through Chinese-path modernization under the conditions of the new era. In ideological and cultural construction, only by mastering and consciously applying this fundamental method of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, and by continuously deepening the connotative development of culture that unifies upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, can we steadily strengthen the spiritual power of the practice of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground in the modern civilization of the Chinese nation, enabling people to shoulder the new cultural mission of the New Era.

习近平文化思想是我们在新的历史起点上继续推动文化繁荣、建设文化强国、建设中华民族现代文明，承担起新时代新的文化使命的根本遵循和理论指引。习近平总书记强调，“必须以守正创新的正气和锐气，赓续历史文脉、谱写当代华章”。守正创新是习近平文化思想的核心逻辑与实践遵循，内涵十分丰富，揭示了思想文化建设必须遵循的内在逻辑。坚持以价值守正不断丰富理论创新形态，为在新的时代条件下以中国式现代化创造人类文明新形态，构筑牢固的思想文化根基。在思想文化建设中，只有掌握并自觉运用守正创新这一根本方法，持续深化守正与创新相统一的文化内涵式发展，才能不断增强中华民族现代文明守正创新实践的精神力量，使人们肩负起新时代新的文化使命。

I. Deeply Understanding the Rich Connotations of Upholding Fundamental Principles and Breaking New Ground in Ideology and Culture

一、 深刻理解思想文化守正创新的丰富内涵

Deeply understanding the rich connotations of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground in ideology and culture is not only the ideological foundation for studying and mastering Xi Jinping Thought on Culture as a theoretical innovation achievement, but also the basic requirement and fundamental method for grasping the inner unity of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground in the practice of cultural innovation and development, and for continuously strengthening people’s spiritual power. In this regard, we can understand the fundamental essence of upholding fundamental principles, the directional significance of breaking new ground, and the practical direction of the dialectical unity of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground from the perspective of the thinking logic of people’s ideological consciousness, the practical logic of people’s active creation, and the dialectical logic of the development of human history.

深刻理解思想文化守正创新的丰富内涵，既是学习和掌握习近平文化思想这一理论创新成果的思想基础，也是在文化创新发展实践中把握守正与创新的内在统一、持续增强人们精神力量的基本要求和根本方法。对此，可以从人的思想觉悟的思维逻辑、能动创造的实践逻辑和人类历史发展的辩证逻辑上理解守正的根本要义、创新的意义指向和守正创新辩证统一的实践方向。

1. Understanding the Fundamental Essence of Upholding Fundamental Principles from the Thinking Logic of People’s Ideological Consciousness

1. 从人的思想觉悟的思维逻辑理解守正的根本要义

At the Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Development, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Upholding fundamental principles means upholding the fundamental system of Marxism’s guiding position in the ideological sphere, upholding the fundamental requirement of the ‘Two Integrations,’ [2]2 The “Two Integrations” refers to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the fine traditional Chinese culture. and upholding the Party’s cultural leadership over culture and the cultural subjectivity of the Chinese nation.” [3]3 Quoted from Xi Jinping’s speech at the Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Development (June 2, 2023). This important thesis profoundly reveals the fundamental tasks of human beings as cultural subjects in their spiritual construction, along with their institutional foundation, ideological method, leadership principle, and national characteristics, as well as the ideological soul and its institutional support that the construction of a modern national cultural community must possess, the scientific method that must be adhered to, the political guarantee that must be established, and the subjective goal that must be consolidated. Viewed from the social process in which individuals integrate into a cultural community and thereby realize their self-worth, people’s spiritual construction is by no means a “lonely journey” outside social groups, but rather an “ideational resonance” always situated in social interaction. National cultural construction, by empowering the spiritual growth of individuals, realizes the spiritual self-reliance and self-strengthening of the cultural community, continuously promoting social development and civilizational progress. Therefore, the institutional conditions of cultural construction are the prerequisite. Only by adhering to the fundamental system of Marxism’s guiding position in the ideological sphere can the public cultural order needed for the socialization of individual spiritual life be provided. A scientific ideological method, in turn, provides a rational guide and logical support for people’s ideological consciousness, helping them find the coordinates for advancing the community’s theoretical development from the “Two Integrations.” At the same time, the cultural construction of a community cannot be a heap of loose sand; it requires the leadership of an advanced political party. The Communist Party of China is a strong political force leading the people to achieve common prosperity in both material and cultural-ethical terms. Under the Party’s leadership, the goal of national cultural construction is to enable the Chinese nation to stand proudly among the nations of the world by strengthening the people’s spiritual power.

习近平总书记在文化传承发展座谈会上指出：“守正，守的是马克思主义在意识形态领域指导地位的根本制度，守的是‘两个结合’的根本要求，守的是中国共产党的文化领导权和中华民族的文化主体性。”这一重要论断深刻揭示了人作为文化主体进行精神建构的根本任务及其制度基础、思想方法、领导原则和民族特质，以及现代国家文化共同体建设必须具备的思想灵魂及其制度支撑、必须坚持的科学方法、必须确立的政治保障和必须巩固的主体目标。从个体融入文化共同体进而实现自我价值的社会历程看，人的精神建构绝不是置身于社会群体之外的“孤独旅程”，而是始终处于社会交往中的“思想共振”，国家文化建设通过赋能个体精神生长而实现文化共同体的精神自立自强，持续推动社会发展和文明进步。因此，文化建设的制度条件是前提，只有坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域指导地位这一根本制度，才能为个体精神生活提供其社会化所需要的公共文化秩序。而科学的思想方法则为人的思想觉悟提供理性向导和逻辑支撑，帮助人们从“两个结合”中找到推动共同体理论发展的坐标。同时，共同体的文化建设不能是一盘散沙，而是需要先进政党的领导。中国共产党是领导人民实现物质和精神共同富裕的坚强政治力量。在党的领导下，国家文化建设的目标是通过增强人民的精神力量让中华民族屹立于世界民族之林。

Understanding the fundamental essence of upholding fundamental principles from the thinking logic of people’s ideological consciousness hinges on internalizing the objective requirements of community cultural construction into the spiritual self-consciousness of individual ideological growth and cultural exploration. For individual spiritual life, the thinking logic of its ideological consciousness can run through the formation and development of self-cognition. The construction of individual thinking logic can take the question of civilization as its starting point, the question of history as its link, the question of value as its orientation, and the question of self-reliance as its goal, combining the responsibility of upholding fundamental principles with the answers to these questions to form a spiritual support internalized in the mind. First, uphold the fundamental principle of the source of civilization, knowing where people come from. Only by grasping the long and profound development process of Chinese civilization can one firmly establish cultural confidence as a Chinese descendant and the subjective responsibility for continuing the cultural root, thereby consolidating the historical foundation for individual spiritual growth. Second, uphold the fundamental principle of the laws of history, understanding what path has been trodden. One must apply the historical materialism revealed by Marxism to thoroughly understand the development process of the Chinese nation as a unified multi-ethnic entity, especially the historical leaps achieved through the great social revolution under the leadership of the Communist Party of China over the past century and more, integrating the subjective consciousness of the self into the great historical cause of the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Third, uphold the fundamental principle of humanistic values, understanding what people pursue. Guided by the Marxist worldview and methodology, one must construct the coordinates of life’s value through the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and the fine traditional Chinese culture, forming self-discipline in the pursuit of the spirit of the subject. Fourth, uphold the fundamental principle of cultural confidence, understanding how the spirit stands. The active role of the individual spirit lies in realizing the personality’s self-reliance. Only by continuously absorbing the cultural essence of the Chinese nation and the essence of the times, and by firmly establishing cultural confidence as a Chinese descendant, can this goal be achieved in the process of mutual spiritual transformation among members of the social community. Therefore, upholding fundamental principles in ideology and culture must connect the process of individual ideological consciousness with the process of spiritual construction of the community, achieving the unity of individual thinking logic and the logic of community development.

从人的思想觉悟的思维逻辑理解守正的根本要义，关键是把共同体文化建设的客观要求内化为个体思想成长与文化探索的精神自觉。对于个体精神生活而言，其思想觉悟的思维逻辑能够贯通于自我认知的形成与发展过程。而个体思维逻辑的构建可以以文明之问为起点，以历史之问为纽带，以价值之问为指向，以自立之问为目标，将守正之责与对上述问题的回答相结合，形成内化于心的精神支撑。其一，守文明源泉之正，知晓人从哪里来。只有把握中华文明悠久深邃的发展进程，才能牢固树立作为中华儿女的文化自信和延续文化根脉的主体责任，夯筑个体精神生长的历史基础。其二，守历史规律之正，明白走过什么路。要运用马克思主义所揭示的唯物史观，通晓中华民族多元一体的发展进程，尤其是一百多年来在中国共产党领导下的伟大社会革命所实现的历史飞跃，将自我精神的主体自觉融入民族复兴的历史伟业。其三，守人文价值之正，懂得人追求什么。要以马克思主义世界观和方法论为思想向导，在马克思主义基本原理与中国具体实际、中华优秀传统文化的结合中，构建人生价值坐标，形成主体精神追求的自我砥砺。其四，守文化自信之正，明白精神何以立。个体精神的能动作用在于实现主体的人格自立，只有不断汲取中华民族的文化精髓和时代精华，坚定作为中华儿女的文化自信，才能在社会共同体成员精神互化的过程中实现这一目标。因此，思想文化上的守正要贯通个体的思想觉悟过程与共同体的精神建构进程，实现个体思维逻辑与共同体发展逻辑的统一。

2. Understanding the Directional Significance of Breaking New Ground from the Practical Logic of People’s Active Creation

2. 从人的能动创造的实践逻辑理解创新的意义指向

At the Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Development, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Breaking new ground means creating new ideas, new discourses, new mechanisms, and new forms. Under the guidance of Marxism, we must truly make the past serve the present, make foreign things serve China, adopt what is useful and discard what is not, and bring forth the new from the old, achieving an organic connection between tradition and modernity.” [4]4 Ibid. This important thesis specifies the content, direction, methods, and pathways for cultural construction to continuously break new ground on the basis of upholding fundamental principles, revealing the guiding principles for the cultural community to promote innovation, the methodological pathways for pioneering innovation, and the active dimension of sustaining innovation. Culture is the active creation of people on the basis of material practice; it is a man-made order different from the natural order. While acting upon people’s spiritual activities, it continuously adjusts the relationship between people and the external world, promoting the continuous progress of social civilization through the accumulated knowledge and wisdom achievements passed down from generation to generation. Breaking new ground is the source of power for the sustainable development of a cultural community. It is embodied not only in the new ideas and new discourses of the subject’s spiritual construction, but also in the new mechanisms of the community’s cultural production and operation, as well as the new forms of expression of the cultural achievements obtained by community members. Together, these constitute the active role of the subject, organically connected and mutually reinforcing within the cultural innovation system. Marxism, as the guiding ideology for promoting cultural innovation in the community, runs the people-centered value stance through the entire process of innovation activities. It not only clarifies the fundamental goal of promoting people’s all-round development, but also stimulates the creative enthusiasm and innovative potential of every community member. The methods and pathways for achieving cultural innovation include: integrating the essence of traditional culture and the quintessence of world civilizations into the creations of the new era; starting from the fundamental requirement of consolidating cultural subjectivity to identify points of element fit, points of spiritual growth, and points of leading force; in cultural heritage, taking the essence and discarding the dross; in cultural development, keeping pace with the times and staying at the forefront; and so on. At the same time, cultural innovation is not a rupture in the historical process of civilization, but rather the temporal extension of Chinese civilization and the continuous stimulation of its vitality. It is the investment of powerful spiritual creativity into social practice to explore a new form of human civilization. Therefore, innovation in ideology and culture requires community members, in light of their respective social practices, to continuously seek a harmonious order in the spiritual world and to contribute their wisdom and strength in building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation.

习近平总书记在文化传承发展座谈会上指出：“创新，创的是新思路、新话语、新机制、新形式，要在马克思主义指导下真正做到古为今用、洋为中用、辩证取舍、推陈出新，实现传统与现代的有机衔接。”这一重要论断指明了文化建设需要在守正基础上不断创新的内容、方向、方法和路径，揭示了文化共同体推动创新的指导原则、开拓创新的方法路径、延续创新的能动维度。文化是人们在物质实践基础上的能动创造，是不同于自然秩序的人工秩序，在作用于人的精神活动的同时不断调整人与外部世界的关系，以代代接续的知识积累和智慧成果推动社会文明的不断进步。创新是文化共同体持续发展的动力源，既体现在主体精神建构的思路之新和话语之新上，也体现在共同体文化生产运行机制之新及共同体成员所取得文化成果的表现形式之新上，它们共同构成了文化创新体系中有机贯通、相互促进的主体能动作用方面。马克思主义作为推动共同体文化创新的指导思想，将人民至上的价值立场贯穿于创新活动的全过程，不仅明确了促进人的全面发展这一根本目的，而且激发着每一个共同体成员的创造热情和创新潜能。而实现文化创新的方法与路径包括，将传统文化的精华和世界文明的精粹融会于新的时代创造中，从巩固文化主体性的根本要求出发找准要素契合点、精神生长点和引领发力点，在文化传承中取其精华、去其糟粕，在文化发展上顺应时代、走在前列，等等。同时，文化创新不是对文明历史进程的割裂，而是中华文明的时代延展和生命活力的持续激发，是将强大的精神创造力投入社会实践，探索人类文明新形态。因此，思想文化的创新需要共同体成员结合各自的社会实践，不断探求精神世界的和谐秩序，在建设中华民族现代文明中贡献智慧和力量。

To understand the significance of innovation from the practical logic of human beings’ active creation is, fundamentally, to integrate the exertion of individual spiritual initiative into the new cultural mission of the community, to face the challenges of the times with a new spiritual outlook, to solve difficulties in development with the will to overcome hardships, and to advance courageously on the path of building a strong country through Chinese-path modernization. Innovation is the creative practice in which humans exert their subjective initiative in the face of new things. The starting point of its logical unfolding lies in the spiritual state of the subject; the foundation of its logical mapping lies in changes in the mode of life; the coherence of its logical chain lies in the construction of cultural order; and the field for its logical verification lies in the manifestation of civilizational achievements. Therefore, starting from the logic of stimulating the innovative practice of community members, further clarifying the significance of ideological and cultural innovation is an important endogenous force that prompts everyone to consciously assume and actively practice the new cultural mission. On the new journey of building a culturally strong socialist country with Chinese characteristics, it is necessary to guide everyone to actively participate in the dynamic practice of innovation and to jointly build an innovation culture for the New Era with cultural subjectivity and consciousness. First, we must create a new spirit of the subject, forging the Chinese spirit with the core socialist values. The spiritual state of the cultural subject depends on the understanding of the meaning of life and social value. Adhering to the guidance of the core socialist values in shaping people’s spirit, forming consensus and resonance within the community, not only provides a logical starting point for realizing people’s new spiritual creation but also凝聚 the spiritual strength of individuals into the people’s power to transform society. Second, we must create a new mode of life, enriching the Chinese story with high-quality economic and social development. Social life is both the source of people’s spiritual creation and the field where their creative power is projected. Making life better connects everyone’s spiritual world. The goal of a better life—prosperity and well-being, physical and mental pleasure, and benefiting future generations—is not only the driving force that endows people with spiritual creation but also the eternal theme of national sustainable development and an attractive charm that draws people in. Third, we must create new cultural prosperity, demonstrating China’s strength through culture “going global.” In an era of globalized world development, culture is a bridge connecting people’s hearts. While stimulating the cohesion of the national community, cultural prosperity and development also continuously enhance the world influence of the Chinese nation, promoting mutual respect among countries and cultural sharing and mutual learning among civilizations where each appreciates its own beauty. Fourth, we must create a new form of civilization, contributing Chinese wisdom to a community with a shared future for mankind. In the process of modernizing human society, different countries have taken different paths. Creating a new form of human civilization through Chinese-path modernization has opened a new path for China’s social development and national rejuvenation, providing richer solutions for world peace and development, and contributing to the joint consultation and improvement of the global governance system.

从人的能动创造的实践逻辑理解创新的意义指向，根本上是将个体的精神能动性发挥融入共同体的新的文化使命，以新的精神面貌面对时代挑战，以克难攻坚的意志破解发展中的难题，在中国式现代化的强国道路上奋勇向前。创新是人面对新事物发挥主观能动性的创造实践，其逻辑展开的起点在于主体的精神状态，逻辑映射的基础在于生活方式的改变，逻辑链条的贯通在于文化秩序的构建，逻辑验证的场域在于文明成果的展现。因此，从激发共同体成员创新实践的逻辑出发，进一步明确思想文化创新的意义指向，是促使每个人自觉担当和积极践行新的文化使命的重要内生力量。在中国特色社会主义现代化文化强国建设的新征程上，要引领每个人积极参与创新的能动实践，以文化主体性自觉共建新时代创新文化。一是要创主体精神之新，以社会主义核心价值观铸就中国精神。文化主体的精神状态取决于对人生意义与社会价值的体认，坚持以社会主义核心价值观引领人的精神塑造，形成共同体的共识与共鸣，既为实现人的新的精神创造提供逻辑起点，也将个体的精神力量凝聚成改造社会的人民力量。二是要创生活方式之新，以经济社会高质量发展丰富中国故事。社会生活既是人的精神创造的源泉，又是其创造力投射的场域，让生活更美好联结着每个人的精神世界。富足安康、愉悦身心、造福后代的美好生活目标不仅是赋予人精神创造的动力源，而且是实现国家可持续发展的永恒主题和引人向往的魅力所在。三是要创文化繁荣之新，以文化“走出去”彰显中国力量。在世界发展走向全球化的时代，文化是连接人们心灵的桥梁，文化繁荣发展在激发民族共同体内聚力的同时，也不断增强中华民族的世界影响力，促进国家间相互尊重、各美其美的文化共享与文明互鉴。四是要创文明形态之新，为人类命运共同体贡献中国智慧。在人类社会现代化的进程中，不同国家所走的道路有所不同，以中国式现代化创造人类文明新形态，开创了中国社会发展和民族复兴的新路，为世界和平与发展提供了更为丰富的解决方案，有助于全球治理体系的共商与完善。

3. Understanding the Unity of Upholding Fundamental Principles and Breaking New Ground from the Dialectical Logic of Human Historical Development

3. 从人类历史发展的辩证逻辑理解守正创新的统一

The historical development of human society is the result of the contradictory movement between productive forces and relations of production, and between the economic base and the superstructure. Productive forces are the most active factor and become the decisive force driving social development. How to grasp the laws, base ourselves on national conditions, and creatively promote the development of productive forces under new historical conditions is a fundamental issue that ideological and cultural construction needs to clarify. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “The leap in theory is not reflected

人类社会历史发展是生产力与生产关系、经济基础与上层建筑矛盾运动的结果，生产力是最活跃的因素，成为推动社会发展的决定性力量。如何在新的历史条件下把握规律、立足国情，创造性地推动生产力发展，是思想文化建设需要认清的根本问题。习近平总书记强调：“理论的飞跃不是体现在词句的标新立异上，也不是体现在逻辑的自洽自证上，归根到底要体现在回答实践问题、引领实践发展上。”思想文化的守正与创新统一于符合历史发展辩证逻辑的新的社会实践创造，即在思想上引领中国特色社会主义事业发展，在文化上凝聚亿万人民团结奋进的精神力量。只有自觉掌握运用好新时代党的创新理论这一强大思想武器，将守正创新内在统一的要求贯穿于思想文化建设的始终，才能在人类迈向现代化的道路上不断实现新的发展，实现强国建设和民族复兴的宏伟目标。习近平总书记深刻指出：“马克思主义中国化时代化这个重大命题本身就决定，我们决不能抛弃马克思主义这个魂脉，决不能抛弃中华优秀传统文化这个根脉。坚守好这个魂和根，是理论创新的基础和前提，理论创新也是为了更好坚守这个魂和根。”因此，守正是为了更好创新，创新也是为了坚定守正，两者内在统一于党团结带领人民进行的伟大社会革命之中。

In the process of the epochal development of the cultural community, the dialectical unity of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground must be internalized into the self-shaping of the subject’s spirit and the creation of achievements, prompting every member to actively assume the new cultural mission of national rejuvenation. Proceeding from the internal needs of community members for cultural inheritance and spiritual construction, the fundamental meaning and practical direction of the unity of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground lie in continuing the pulse of Chinese civilization. First, to perpetuate the national bloodline. Forge a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, continuously consolidate the cohesion and centripetal force of the community, and deeply root the community concept of sharing weal and woe, honor and disgrace, life and death, and destiny in the spiritual world of every member, so as to always maintain the unity and continuity of Chinese civilization in the creation of new history. “‘Inwardly cohesive’ unity is the prerequisite for the continuity of civilization and also the result of the continuity of civilization.” [5]5 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Development” (June 2, 2023), *Qiushi*, 2023, no. 14. Second, to inherit the historical context. History is the foundation of civilization and also the foundation of the people’s hearts. Inheriting and continuing the historical context is the logical starting point for constructing the subject’s spiritual world; otherwise, it is impossible to understand the spiritual dimension of the self as a community member, nor to achieve the continuity of civilization. And the continuity of civilization is inseparable from innovation within inheritance. “The best way to inherit history is to create new history; the greatest respect for human civilization is to create a new form of human civilization.” [6]6 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Development” (June 2, 2023), *Qiushi*, 2023, no. 14. Third, to connect with the new pulse of the times. In the surging torrent of history, the spiritual realm of the subject is born from the destiny of the nation and strengthened by standing at the forefront of the times, becoming an endogenous driving force for continuously creating new history. Carrying forward the enterprising spirit of the Chinese nation of upholding fundamental principles without being conservative, and respecting antiquity without restoring ancient ways, and connecting the past, present, and future through creative transformation and innovative development, is the necessary path to achieving national rejuvenation. Upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground means that in terms of practical direction, “we will neither take the old closed-door and rigid path, nor the wrong path of changing the banner and flag; both of these paths are dead ends.” [7]7 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Celebration of the 95th Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China” (July 1, 2016), *People’s Daily*, July 2, 2016. Fourth, to perpetuate the intellectual pulse of humanity. The continuity of the progress of human civilization lies in continuously enriching the wisdom of life through knowledge accumulation and innovation, thereby mastering the destiny of one’s own development. The pursuit of thought and cultural prosperity is to promote the perpetual wisdom of a community with a shared future for mankind, grasp the pulse of the times, and lead the development of the times. As General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “For cultural construction, upholding fundamental principles is necessary to avoid losing oneself and losing direction, and breaking new ground is necessary to grasp the times and lead the times.” [8]8 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Development” (June 2, 2023), *Qiushi*, 2023, no. 14.

在文化共同体的时代发展进程中，要将守正与创新的辩证统一内化于主体精神的自我塑造与成果创造中，促使每一个成员积极承担起民族复兴的新的文化使命。从共同体成员文化传承和精神建构的内在需要出发，守正创新统一的根本意涵和实践方向就在于延续中华文明之脉。一是赓续民族血脉。铸牢中华民族共同体意识，持续巩固共同体的内聚力和向心力，将休戚与共、荣辱与共、生死与共、命运与共的共同体理念深深地植根于每一个成员的精神世界，在新的历史创造中始终保持中华文明的统一性和连续性。“‘向内凝聚’的统一性追求，是文明连续的前提，也是文明连续的结果。”二是承续历史文脉。历史是文明的根基，也是人心的根基，继承和延续历史文脉是构建主体精神世界的逻辑起点，否则就无法理解作为共同体成员的自我精神向度，也无法实现文明的连续性。而文明的延续离不开继承中的创新。“对历史最好的继承就是创造新的历史，对人类文明最大的礼敬就是创造人类文明新形态。”三是接续时代新脉。在滚滚向前的历史洪流中，主体的精神境界应民族命运而生，立时代潮头而强，成为不断创造新的历史的内生动能。弘扬中华民族守正不守旧、尊古不复古的进取精神，以创造性转化和创新性发展连接过去、现在与未来，是实现民族复兴的必由之路。守正创新意味着在实践方向上“既不走封闭僵化的老路，也不走改旗易帜的邪路，这两条路都是死路”。四是永续人类智脉。人类文明进步的持续性在于通过知识积累与创新不断丰富生命智慧，进而掌握自身发展的命运。思想求索和文化繁荣就是要促进人类命运共同体的智慧永续，把握时代脉搏，引领时代发展。正如习近平总书记指出的：“对文化建设来说，守正才能不迷失自我、不迷失方向，创新才能把握时代、引领时代。”

II. Persist in Upholding Fundamental Values to Continuously Enrich the Forms of Theoretical Innovation

二 、坚持以价值守正不断丰富理论创新形态

Thought and culture, as the main content of people’s spiritual activities, carry the dynamic power of a nation in perpetuating history and contemporary creation. They are the subject’s spiritual construction and conscious will to act, enabling people to perfect their self-awareness, improve their social personality, and thereby transform the objective world on the basis of scientific cognition. Thought and culture guide the direction of people’s practical actions with distinct value orientation and inspire the social community to continue its struggle. Upholding fundamental principles in the construction of thought and culture is essentially upholding fundamental values. It is, through innovation in theoretical forms in the historical process of the times, to provide ideological value guidance and cultural value orientation for the continuous enrichment of people’s spiritual world, and to promote the value resonance and cultural identity of the community, thereby forming a strong cultural cohesion and influence. Xi Jinping Thought on Culture takes upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground as its core logic, persists in upholding fundamental values to continuously enrich the forms of theoretical innovation, and builds a solid ideological and cultural foundation for creating a new form of human civilization through Chinese-path modernization under the new conditions of the times.

思想文化作为人们精神活动的主体内容，承载着一个民族在赓续历史与当代创造中的能动力量，是人们完善自我意识、健全社会人格进而在科学认知基础上改造客观世界的主体精神建构和行动意志自觉。思想文化以鲜明的价值导向指引人们的实践行动方向，并激励社会共同体接续奋斗。思想文化建设上的守正本质上是价值守正，是在时代发展的历史进程中通过理论形态上的创新为人们精神世界的不断丰富提供思想上的价值引领和文化上的价值引导，并促进共同体的价值共鸣和文化认同，进而形成强大的文化内聚力和影响力。习近平文化思想以守正创新为核心逻辑，坚持以价值守正不断丰富理论创新形态，为在新的时代条件下以中国式现代化创造人类文明新形态构筑牢固的思想文化根基。

1. Adhere to the Value of Truth, Innovate Ideas and Concepts

1. 坚持真理价值，创新思想观念

Truth and value are basic categories through which people grasp the subject-object relationship in the process of understanding and transforming the world. Truth is the subject’s correct reflection of things based on objective measures; value is the subject’s examination of whether the object conforms to the subject’s intrinsic measure; both possess objectivity. The objectivity of truth is embodied in the fact that the objective measure of things does not depend on the subject’s will; to know truth, the subject must move toward the object. The objectivity of value is embodied in the need to satisfy the subject’s intrinsic measure by transforming the object, making the object move toward the subject. “The objective measure of things is that by which people approach rather than deviate from the stipulations and laws of the object—that is, the force that makes the subject move toward the object; its theoretical expression in epistemology is truth. The intrinsic measure of people is that by which the subject realizes the object’s ‘approach’ to itself and measures its degree—that is, the force that makes the object move toward the subject; its theoretical expression in epistemology is value. Truth and value are the distinctive marks of human understanding and transformation of the world; lacking either measure, humans could not be distinguished from animals, and society could not survive in nature.” Starting from the exploration of the laws governing the cultural construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought organically integrates the objective measure of grasping the historical progress of human social development with the intrinsic measure of sustaining the cultural life of the Chinese nation. It converges the force that makes the subject move toward the object and the force that makes the object move toward the subject in the intellectual practice of theoretical exploration, upholding the intrinsic unity of truth and value and innovating the basic concepts of ideological and cultural construction. While firmly adhering to the truth of the basic principles of Marxism, which reveal the laws of human social development, it creatively integrates the value of promoting fine traditional Chinese culture—which sustains the cultural life of the Chinese nation—into theoretical construction, revealing the spiritual construction mechanism of the fusion of root and soul in the cultural construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and achieving a theoretical leap in ideological and cultural construction in the course of human social civilization. The integration of the basic principles of Marxism with fine traditional Chinese culture (the “Second Integration”) [9]9 The “Second Integration” (第二个结合) refers to integrating the basic principles of Marxism with fine traditional Chinese culture, as distinct from the “First Integration” (第一个结合), which integrates Marxism with China’s specific realities. Both are central to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. is a deepening of cultural cognition and a sublimation of cultural consciousness based on the philosophical cognition of the integration of the basic principles of Marxism with China’s specific realities (the “First Integration”). [10]10 The “First Integration” (第一个结合) refers to the integration of the basic principles of Marxism with China’s specific realities, a formulation historically associated with Mao Zedong’s sinification of Marxism.

真理与价值是人们在认识和改造世界过程中把握主客体关系的基本范畴。真理是主体基于客观尺度对事物的正确反映，价值是主体对客体是否符合主体内在尺度的省察，两者都具有客观性。真理的客观性体现在事物的客观尺度不依赖于主体意愿，认识真理必须使主体趋向于客体；价值的客观性体现在满足主体内在尺度需要对客体加以改造，使客体趋向于主体。“事物的客观尺度是人据以接近而不背离客体规定性和规律的东西，也就是使主体趋向于客体的力量，它在认识论中的理论表现就是真理；人的内在尺度是主体据以实现客观事物向自己‘接近’并衡量其程度的东西，也就是使客体趋向于主体的力量，它在认识论中的理论表现就是价值。真理和价值是人类认识和改造世界所特有的标志，缺少其中的任何一个尺度，人类就不能区别于动物，社会就不能在自然界中生存。”习近平文化思想从探寻中国特色社会主义文化建设规律出发，将把握人类社会发展时代进程的客观尺度与把握中华民族文化生命赓续的内在尺度有机地结合在一起，使主体趋向于客体的力量与客体趋向于主体的力量交汇于理论探索的思想实践之中，坚持了真理与价值的内在统一，创新了思想文化建设的基本观念。在坚定马克思主义基本原理这一揭示人类社会发展规律的真理同时，创造性地把弘扬中华优秀传统文化这一赓续中华民族文化生命的价值融入理论建构，揭示了在中国特色社会主义文化建设中根脉与魂脉相融的精神建构机理，实现了人类社会文明进程中思想文化建设的理论飞跃。把马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化相结合（“第二个结合”），是在把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合（“第一个结合”）的哲学认知基础上的文化认知的深化和文化自觉的升华。

2. Upholding the Value of Practice, Innovating Logical Judgment

2. 坚持实践价值，创新逻辑判断

The vitality of theory lies in practice; practice is the sole criterion for testing truth. Practice, as an objective activity in which the subject actively participates, is a two-way objectification of the practical subject and object, and itself possesses objectivity. Through practice, people “while changing this reality of theirs, also change their own thinking and the products of their thinking.” The value of practice embodies the significance of the objective results of practical activity for correcting the subject’s cognition and for the subject’s self-development and self-improvement. Upholding the value of practice means upholding self-realization on the basis of the criterion of truth. In the practice of ideological and cultural construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics, continuously enhancing the people’s inner spiritual strength to understand and transform the world, thereby advancing the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics to achieve new developmental accomplishments, and marching toward the goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, is the fundamental significance of the self-realization of the national cultural community. “A person cannot stand without spirit; a country cannot be strong without spirit. Only when a nation stands firm and steady in spirit can it remain unshaken and ride the tide in the torrent of history. Struggling against difficulties is both a contest of material forces and a confrontation of spirits.” In the face of complex environments and various challenges from nature and society, firm ideological convictions and tenacious spiritual will are indispensable supporting forces for people to achieve victory in the practice of overcoming difficulties. Standing at the historical height of realizing national rejuvenation, starting from the systematic construction of the national spirit, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought innovates the path of cultural development, scientifically refines and systematically summarizes the logic of cultural development, and continuously enriches the spiritual genealogy of the Chinese nation facing the world and the future. On the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, [11]11 The centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China was celebrated on July 1, 2021. General Secretary Xi Jinping systematically expounded the great founding spirit of the Party and the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists, constructing a history of spirit on the basis of the history of practice, unifying history and logic in the construction of the national spirit. The spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists internally integrates the advanced thought of Marxism regarding the laws of social development with the values of transmitting civilization in fine traditional Chinese culture, laying a scientific ideological foundation and a solid cultural foundation for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

理论的生命力在于实践，实践是检验真理的唯一标准。实践作为主体能动参与的客观活动，是实践主体与客体的双向对象化，本身具有客观性。人们通过实践“在改变自己的这个现实的同时也改变着自己的思维和思维的产物”。实践价值体现了实践活动客观成果对主体认知校正与自我发展完善的意义，坚持实践价值就是坚持真理标准基础上的自我实现。在中国特色社会主义思想文化建设的实践中，不断增强人民认识世界和改造世界的内在精神力量，进而推进中国特色社会主义事业不断取得新的发展成就，向着中华民族伟大复兴的目标迈进，是国家文化共同体自我实现的根本意义所在。“人无精神则不立，国无精神则不强。唯有精神上站得住、站得稳，一个民族才能在历史的洪流中屹立不倒、挺立潮头。同困难作斗争，是物质的角力，也是精神的对垒。”在面对自然与社会的复杂环境和各种挑战中，坚定的思想信念和顽强的精神意志是人们在克难奋进的实践中取得胜利不可或缺的支撑力量。习近平文化思想站在实现民族复兴的历史高度，从国家精神系统性建构出发，创新文化发展路径，科学提炼和系统总结文化发展逻辑，不断丰富中华民族面向世界、面向未来的精神谱系。在建党百年之际，习近平总书记系统阐发伟大建党精神和中国共产党人的精神谱系，以实践的历史为基础建构精神的历史，将历史与逻辑统一于国家精神的建构之中。中国共产党人精神谱系内在地将马克思主义在社会发展规律方面的先进思想与中华优秀传统文化中传承文明的价值观念相结合，为中华民族走向复兴奠定了科学的思想基础和牢固的文化根基。

3. Upholding the Value of Serving the People, Innovating Methods and Paths

3. 坚持为民价值，创新方法路径

The masses of the people are the true creators of history. The cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a magnificent feat of human practice initiated by the Communist Party of China leading the broad masses of the people. Only by fully bringing into play the people’s sense of being masters of the country, arming the entire Party and educating the people with advanced thought, and guiding the direction and forging ahead with advanced culture, can we continuously create new achievements and win new victories on the journey toward the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. “When the people have faith, the nation has hope, and the country has strength.” Culture is the foundation of faith. Upholding the value orientation of culture serving the people means fundamentally shaping the Marxist faith of Chinese Communists and the national spirit of self-reliance, self-confidence, and self-strengthening, taking meeting the cultural and spiritual needs of the people as the starting point and落脚点 [12]12 The Chinese term 落脚点 (luòjiǎodiǎn) literally means “foothold” or “point of landing,” and is used here metaphorically to mean the ultimate goal or focus. of ideological and cultural work, and continuously enhancing the people’s spiritual strength. Starting from the practical requirements of the continuous struggle for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought adheres to a people-centered approach, respects the people’s principal position, safeguards the people’s cultural rights and interests, continuously innovates the methods and paths of ideological work and cultural soul-forging, combines propaganda, education, guidance, and service for the masses, and promotes the unity of meeting the people’s cultural needs and enhancing the people’s spiritual strength. “The unity of meeting the people’s cultural needs and enhancing the people’s spiritual strength is concrete and historical, not abstract and supra-historical”; it is a method innovation and path reconstruction in ideological and cultural construction within the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New Era. At the Forum on Literature and Art Work, [13]13 The Forum on Literature and Art Work (文艺工作座谈会) was held by Xi Jinping in Beijing on October 15, 2014, to discuss the direction of socialist literature and art. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Socialist literature and art, in essence, is the literature and art of the people.” “For literature and art to reflect the people’s aspirations well, they must adhere to the fundamental direction of serving the people and serving socialism.” The path of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the only way to achieve the people’s happiness and national rejuvenation. Serving the people and serving socialism are unified in the epochal mission of ideological and cultural construction, providing powerful spiritual strength for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New Era.

人民群众是历史的真正创造者，中国特色社会主义事业是中国共产党领导广大人民开创的人类文明实践壮举，只有充分发挥人民群众的主人翁精神，以先进的思想武装全党、教育人民，以先进的文化引领方向、砥砺前行，才能在中华民族伟大复兴的征程上不断创造新业绩、取得新胜利。“人民有信仰，民族有希望，国家有力量。”文化是信仰的根基，坚持文化为民的价值指向，就是从根本上塑造中国共产党人的马克思主义信仰和民族自立自信自强的精神意志，把满足人民群众精神文化需求作为思想文化工作的出发点和落脚点，不断增强人民的精神力量。习近平文化思想从中国特色社会主义事业接续奋斗的实践要求出发，坚持以人民为中心，尊重人民主体地位，保障人民文化权益，不断创新思想工作和文化铸魂的方法路径，把宣传、教育、引导和服务群众结合起来，促进满足人民文化需求和增强人民精神力量相统一。“满足人民文化需求和增强人民精神力量相统一，是具体的和历史的，而不是抽象的和超历史的”，是在新时代中国特色社会主义伟大实践中思想文化建设的方法创新和路径再造。习近平总书记在文艺工作座谈会上指出：“社会主义文艺，从本质上讲，就是人民的文艺。”“文艺要反映好人民的心声，就要坚持为人民服务、为社会主义服务这个根本方向。”中国特色社会主义道路是实现人民幸福、民族复兴的必由之路，为人民服务与为社会主义服务统一于思想文化建设的时代使命中，为新时代坚持和发展中国特色社会主义提供了强大的精神力量。

4. Upholding Core Values, Innovating the Discourse of the Times

4. 坚持核心价值，创新时代话语

The cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a new practice of human social civilization, requiring the concerted and joint creation of the Chinese nation. “Core values are the spiritual bond that sustains a nation and the common ideological and moral foundation of a country. Without common core values, a nation or a country will have no soul to anchor itself and no rules to follow. Why has the Chinese nation been able to survive, thrive, and develop tenaciously over thousands of years of history? A very important reason is that the Chinese nation has a consistent spiritual pursuit, spiritual characteristics, and spiritual lineage.” On the new journey of building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation, the core socialist values integrate the fine traditional Chinese culture, the spiritual lineage of the Communist Party of China, and the creative spirit of the times, uniting the value pursuits of the country, society, and the people. They are a spiritual force for strengthening the national spiritual bond, rallying people’s hearts, and striving together in unity. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought, proceeding from the inherent requirement of consolidating social consensus and continuously reinforcing the cultural subjectivity of the Chinese nation, adheres to the guidance of core values. It regards cultivating and practicing the core socialist values as an important support for enhancing confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics and for maintaining the independence of the national spirit. It innovates the discourse expression of the times and strives to build a value system that fully reflects Chinese characteristics, national traits, and the features of the times. The value system of a country or a nation is the moral high ground that guides people’s spiritual pursuits. It possesses broad ideological appeal and enduring cultural cohesion, can gather the consensus of unity and the resultant force of struggle, comprehensively improve the ideological and moral quality of community members, and foster a good social moral climate. In the open pattern facing the world and amidst social development and reform, interests are complex and intertwined, while value concepts construct the coordinates of the times that guide people’s spiritual direction. The construction of the value system of socialism with Chinese characteristics has a long way to go and is inseparable from further consolidating the ideological and theoretical foundation by constructing philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics, forging a disciplinary system, academic system, and discourse system that embody Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese manner.

中国特色社会主义事业是人类社会文明的崭新实践，需要中华民族齐心协力的共同创造。“核心价值观是一个民族赖以维系的精神纽带，是一个国家共同的思想道德基础。如果没有共同的核心价值观，一个民族、一个国家就会魂无定所、行无依规。为什么中华民族能够在几千年的历史长河中生生不息、薪火相传、顽强发展呢？很重要的一个原因就是中华民族有一脉相承的精神追求、精神特质、精神脉络。”在建设中华民族现代文明的新征程上，社会主义核心价值观将中华优秀传统文化、中国共产党精神谱系与时代创造精神相融合，集国家、社会和人民价值追求于一体，是强化民族精神纽带、凝聚人心、团结奋斗的精神力量。习近平文化思想从凝聚社会共识、持续巩固中华民族文化主体性的内在要求出发，坚持核心价值引领，将培育和践行社会主义核心价值观作为增强中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信和保持民族精神独立性的重要支撑，创新时代话语表达，着力构建充分反映中国特色、民族特性和时代特征的价值体系。一个国家、一个民族的价值体系是引领人们精神追求的道义制高点，具有广泛的思想号召力和持久的文化凝聚力，能够汇聚团结的共识和奋斗的合力，全面提高共同体成员思想道德素质，形成良好的社会道德风尚。在面向世界的开放格局和社会的发展与改革中，利益问题错综复杂，而价值观念构建了引领人们精神航向的时代坐标。中国特色社会主义价值体系建设任重道远，离不开通过构建中国特色哲学社会科学进一步夯实思想理论根基，铸就体现中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的学科体系、学术体系、话语体系。

III. Continuously Deepening the Connotative Development of Culture that Unifies Upholding Fundamental Principles and Breaking New Ground

三、 持续深化守正与创新相统一的文化内涵式发展

To achieve good results and success in promoting cultural inheritance and development, we must adhere to the unity of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, always uphold the guiding position of Marxism, uphold the Party’s leadership over cultural work, immerse ourselves in the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New Era, take the fine traditional Chinese culture, revolutionary culture, and advanced socialist culture as the foundation, focus on cultural prosperity, and continuously deepen the connotative construction of a culturally strong country, bringing high-quality cultural life to the people. Upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground is not an empty methodology, but a practical guideline that combines the specific connotations of cultural development and promotes cultural prosperity. It is the concrete and historical unity of content and method. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Using culture to educate people, benefit the people, nourish the city, and invigorate industries, showcasing the cultural characteristics and spiritual temperament of the city, is the purpose of inheriting and developing urban culture and cultivating and nourishing urban civilization.” The fundamental purpose of cultural development is to promote the comprehensive development of people and the progress of social civilization. Only by taking the path of connotative cultural development and prosperity can we truly provide sufficient cultural nourishment for the spiritual growth of the subject, nourish people’s hearts with healthy and rich cultural life, and continuously strengthen the spiritual force for building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation.

在推动文化传承发展上善作善成，必须坚持守正与创新相统一，始终坚持马克思主义的指导地位，坚持党对文化工作的领导，置身于新时代中国特色社会主义的伟大实践中，以中华优秀传统文化、革命文化和社会主义先进文化为根基，以文化繁荣为着力点，持续深化文化强国的内涵式建设，为人民群众带来高质量的文化生活。守正创新不是空泛的方法论，而是结合文化发展的具体内涵、推动文化走向繁荣的实践遵循，是内容与方法的具体的历史的统一。习近平总书记指出：“以文化人、以文惠民、以文润城、以文兴业，展现城市文化特色和精神气质，是传承发展城市文化、培育滋养城市文明的目的所在。”文化发展的根本目的在于促进人的全面发展和社会文明进步，只有走文化内涵式发展的繁荣之路，才能真正为主体的精神成长提供充足的文化营养，以健康丰富的文化生活滋养人们的心田，不断增强中华民族现代文明建设的精神力量。

1. Using Culture to Educate People, Enhancing the Subject’s Cultural Consciousness

1. 以文化人，提升主体文化自觉

The core function of culture lies in education and transformation, that is, by promoting people’s recognition of meaning and value in social life and the inheritance of historical context, it shapes the spiritual character of the subject. In this process, people are not merely objects of cultural education, passively receiving cultural edification, but also, as dynamic builders and active disseminators of culture, are immersed in the social and cultural life jointly created by members of the cultural community. Therefore, the core essence of using culture to educate people lies in continuously enriching the cultural connotation of people’s real life. Through identification with the cultural community, social members continuously enhance their cultural consciousness, devote themselves to cultural innovation and creation in the New Era with firm cultural confidence, and provide lasting emotional sustenance and unremitting spiritual pursuit for expanding the practice of modern civilization. To effectively play the role of using culture to educate people in nourishing the spirit in the construction of the modern civilization of the Chinese nation, the key is to integrate the ideological method of unifying upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground into the subject’s cultural consciousness, adhere to the correct direction of building the Chinese national community culture, continuously through the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional culture, and through the inheritance and promotion of revolutionary culture, construct an advanced socialist culture with Chinese characteristics that is rich in connotation, continues the cultural lineage, and is full of vitality. Cultural consciousness is the embodiment of the subject’s initiative in cultural construction and also the fundamental source of cultural creativity. Only by mastering the ideological method of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground can people understand the essence and mission of culture in accordance with laws, and forge a spirit of self-reliance and a character of self-strengthening through the awareness and awakening of cultural values. Enhancing the subject’s cultural consciousness is the spiritual goal of building a culturally strong country. Its core is to forge the spiritual backbone of people with strong cultural leadership and shaping power, requiring innovation in discourse expression, recreation of aesthetic experience, and expansion of interactive communication on the basis of adhering to the correct political direction, theoretical orientation, and value orientation, continuously consolidating the spiritual independence of Chinese culture. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized at the Symposium on Cultural Inheritance and Development: “For any culture to stand firm and go far, to have leadership, cohesion, shaping power, and radiation power, it must have its own subjectivity.” Using culture to educate people and enhancing the subject’s cultural consciousness is to consolidate the subjectivity of Chinese culture and lay a solid cultural foundation for the construction of the modern civilization of the Chinese nation.

文化的核心功能在于教化，即通过促进人们在社会生活中对意义和价值的体认以及对历史文脉的传承，塑造主体的精神品格。在这一过程中，人不单单是文化教化的对象，处于接受文化熏陶的被动状态，还同时作为文化的能动建设者和积极传播者，置身于文化共同体成员共同创造的社会文化生活之中。因此，以文化人的核心要义在于不断充实人们现实生活的文化内涵，社会成员通过对文化共同体的身份认同，不断提升文化自觉，以坚定的文化自信投身新时代的文化创新与创造，为拓展现代文明实践提供持久的情感寄托和不懈的精神追求。在中华民族现代文明建设中发挥好以文化人的精神滋养作用，关键是将守正与创新相统一的思想方法融入主体的文化自觉之中，坚持正确的中华民族共同体文化建设方向，不断以优秀传统文化的创造性转化和创新性发展，以革命文化的传承与弘扬，构建内涵丰富、文脉赓续、生机勃勃的中国特色社会主义先进文化。文化自觉是主体在文化建设中能动性的体现，也是文化创造力的根本源泉。只有掌握守正创新的思想方法，人才能合乎规律地认识文化的本质和使命，以文化价值的觉悟和觉醒塑造自立精神和自强品格。提升主体文化自觉是文化强国建设的精神目标，其核心是以强大的文化引领力和塑造力锻造人的精神脊梁，要求在坚持正确的政治方向、理论导向、价值指向的基础上创新话语表达、再造审美体验、拓展互动传播，不断夯实中华文化精神上的独立自主。习近平总书记在文化传承发展座谈会上强调：“任何文化要立得住、行得远，要有引领力、凝聚力、塑造力、辐射力，就必须有自己的主体性。”以文化人，提升主体文化自觉，就是巩固中华文化的主体性，为中华民族现代文明建设奠定坚实的文化基石。

2. Using Culture to Benefit the People, Enhancing Cultural Service Capacity

2. 以文惠民，提升文化服务能力

The fundamental purpose of cultural development is to serve the people. Cultural development must not only meet the growing spiritual and cultural needs of the people but also continuously strengthen the people’s spiritual strength. The people are the decisive force driving history forward. In the historical process of building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation, success can only be achieved by representing the interests of the people and relying on the strength of the people. Cultural development means the accumulation of social spiritual wealth, and both its subject and beneficiary are the people: on the one hand, the people are the main force of cultural innovation and creation, and building a culturally strong country must rely on the people; on the other hand, the beneficiaries of culture are also the people, and it is necessary to continuously improve the people’s cultural literacy and spiritual strength through high-level cultural supply and social services, forming a more powerful spiritual and cultural driving force in the process of creating a new form of human civilization through Chinese-path modernization. Therefore, the foundation of connotative cultural development lies in combining meeting the people’s cultural needs with improving the people’s cultural literacy, achieving the unity of serving the people and educating the people, and continuously stimulating the people’s creative spirit in the process of safeguarding the people’s cultural rights and interests. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “Developing cultural undertakings is a basic way to meet the people’s spiritual and cultural needs and safeguard their cultural rights and interests. We must adhere to the direction of serving the people and serving socialism, adhere to the policy of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, comprehensively revitalize the undertakings of journalism and publishing, radio, film and television, literature and art, philosophy and social sciences, focus on improving the level of public cultural services, and enable the people to enjoy a more substantial, richer, and higher-quality spiritual and cultural life.” Using culture to benefit the people and enhancing cultural service capacity, the key is to build a high-level integrated urban and rural public cultural service system, continuously provide high-quality public cultural products by improving the cultural infrastructure network and strengthening the construction of cultural activity platforms, so that the people’s cultural life becomes increasingly substantial and colorful. Enhancing cultural service capacity is an effective path to realize the construction of a culturally strong country. We should adhere to the equal emphasis on government leadership and social participation, and on hardware construction and software construction, give full play to the efficiency of gathering various cultural resources to serve the people, and continuously develop the path of socialist cultural development that unites the people’s enjoyment and the people’s creation.

文化发展的根本目的在于服务人民，文化发展既要满足人民群众日益增长的精神文化需求，又要不断增强人民的精神力量。人民是推动历史前进的决定性力量，在建设中华民族现代文明的历史进程中，只有代表人民利益、依靠人民力量，才能取得成功。文化发展意味着社会精神财富的积累，其主体与受益者都是人民：一方面，人民是文化创新创造的主体力量，建设文化强国必须依靠人民；另一方面，文化的惠及对象也是人民，要通过高水平的文化供给和社会服务不断提高人民文化素养和精神力量，在以中国式现代化创造人类文明新形态的过程中形成更为强大的精神文化推动力量。因此，文化内涵式发展的根本在于把满足人民文化需求与提升人民文化素养结合起来，实现服务人民与教育人民相统一，在保障人民文化权益的过程中持续激发人民的创造精神。习近平总书记强调：“发展文化事业是满足人民精神文化需求、保障人民文化权益的基本途径。要坚持为人民服务、为社会主义服务的方向，坚持百花齐放、百家争鸣的方针，全面繁荣新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术、哲学社会科学事业，着力提升公共文化服务水平，让人民享有更加充实、更为丰富、更高质量的精神文化生活。”以文惠民，提升文化服务能力，关键是高水平一体化建设城乡公共文化服务体系，通过完善文化基础设施网络和加强文化活动平台建设，持续提供高质量的公共文化产品，使人民群众的文化生活日益充实、多姿多彩。提升文化服务能力是文化强国建设的有效实现路径，应坚持政府主导与社会参与并重、硬件建设与软件建设并举，充分发挥集聚各种文化资源服务人民群众的效能，持续开拓人民享有与人民创造相统一的社会主义文化发展之路。

3. Using Culture to Nourish the City, Enhancing the Level of Social Civilization

3. 以文润城，提升社会文明程度

The city is a marker of human social civilization, bearing the material achievements and spiritual wealth that people have continuously accumulated through cultural development and technological progress, and becoming a center for civilizational development and cultural exchange. The process of urbanization reflects the overall process of modern social development, and the level of urbanization has also become a measure of the economic, social, cultural, and technological levels of a country or region. Since reform and opening up, China’s urbanization level has risen rapidly, with the urbanization rate increasing from 17.92% in 1978 to 66.2% in 2023, forming an urban system composed of megacities, super-large cities, large cities, medium-sized cities, small cities, and towns. In 2023, the “Urban Standardization Action Plan” proposed that by 2027, a standard system for high-quality urban development would be basically established, leading and promoting high-quality urban development, and striving to provide people with a more livable and smarter urban living environment. The city is the carrier of culture, and culture is the soul of the city. Urban culture is not only the cornerstone for the inheritance and shaping of a city’s humanistic spirit, endowing the city with cultural identity and distinctive characteristics, but also an important resource for innovation, driving the development of modern urban civilization. To nourish the city with culture is to continuously enrich and enhance the connotation of urban cultural construction, persistently stimulate the innovation and creativity of cultural subjects, vigorously enhance the city’s cultural soft power, and showcase the urban civilizational splendor of Chinese-path modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “We must focus on preserving the city’s cultural lineage, strengthen the protection of cultural relics and cultural heritage, inherit and promote red culture [15]15 Red culture (红色文化) refers to the revolutionary culture formed under the leadership of the Communist Party of China during the revolutionary and socialist construction periods, including sites, artifacts, and spiritual traditions., deeply implement cultural projects benefiting the people, solidly advance mass cultural-ethical progress initiatives, deepen and expand the construction of new-era civilization practice centers [16]16 New-era civilization practice centers (新时代文明实践中心) are grassroots institutions established nationwide since 2018 to promote the study and implementation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and to organize voluntary cultural and ethical activities., promote the construction of a bookish society, and comprehensively enhance the cultural quality of citizens and the level of urban civilization.” [17]17 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Cultural Work,” September 2023. Raising the level of social civility is the social foundation for building a culturally strong country; it is necessary to persistently advance related projects in a connotative manner and systematically consolidate related achievements. In the process of Chinese-path modernization, achieving the goal of raising the level of urban social civility requires focusing on condensing centripetal force in the cultivation and shaping of the urban spirit, expanding influence in the innovation and dissemination of urban culture, and stimulating creativity in the aesthetic and cultural experience of urban life, further strengthening the spiritual support role of mainstream values, mainstream public opinion, and mainstream culture in the construction of modern urban civilization, and providing Chinese urban development wisdom and experience for a new form of human civilization.

城市是人类社会文明的标志，承载着人们随着文化发展与技术进步而不断积累的物质成果和精神财富，成为文明发展和文化交流的中心。城市化进程呈现了现代社会发展的总体进程，城市化水平也成为衡量一个国家和地区经济、社会、文化、科技等水平的标志。改革开放以来，中国城市化水平快速提升，城市化率从1978年的17.92%提高到2023年的66.2%，由超大城市、特大城市、大城市、中等城市、小城市、城镇等构成的城市体系形成。2023年，《城市标准化行动方案》提出，到2027年基本建成城市高质量发展标准体系，引领和推动城市高质量发展，着力为人们提供更宜居、更智慧的城市生活环境。城市是文化的载体，文化是城市的灵魂。城市文化不仅是城市人文精神传承与塑造的基石，赋予城市文化身份和特色标识，而且也是重要的创新资源，推动着现代城市文明的发展。以文润城，就是要不断充实和丰富城市文化建设内涵，持续激发文化主体的创新创造活力，大力提升城市文化软实力，展现中国式现代化的城市文明风采。习近平总书记强调：“要注重传承城市文脉，加强文物和文化遗产保护，传承弘扬红色文化，深入实施文化惠民工程，扎实推进群众性精神文明创建，深化拓展新时代文明实践中心建设，推进书香社会建设，全面提升市民文明素质和城市文明程度。”提升社会文明程度是文化强国建设的社会基础，必须持之以恒地内涵式推进相关工程和系统性巩固相关成果。在中国式现代化进程中，实现提高城市社会文明程度这一目标，需要着力在城市精神的培育和塑造中凝聚向心力，在城市文化的创新与传播中扩大影响力，在城市生活的审美和文化体验中激发创造力，进一步强化主流价值、主流舆论、主流文化在现代城市文明建设中的精神支撑作用，为人类文明新形态提供中国城市发展智慧和经验。

4. Nourishing Industry with Culture, Elevating the Level of the Humanistic Economy

4. 以文兴业，提升人文经济水平

In the historical process where the progress of modern social civilization continuously creates conditions for the comprehensive development of the individual, culture provides people with indispensable spiritual nourishment and value orientation, enriching people’s spiritual world while endowing them with powerful spiritual strength. Culture becomes an endogenous economic resource; cultural products, cultural services, and the humanistic economy industry are all inseparable from culture. The integrated trend of interaction and integrated development between culture and economy is an important feature of modern social civilization: on the one hand, culture integrates into the production process as a factor of productive forces, playing an important value function in social production; on the other hand, economic activity itself is placed within the broader context of social culture, with humanistic value orientation running through the process of realizing economic value, and the consistency between economic benefits and social benefits becoming more prominent. In the construction of modern urban civilization, rich historical and cultural deposits and innovative contemporary cultural achievements become important cultural capital for the sustainable development of the city, while also providing a charming urban environment and a cultural soil that stimulates innovation for the gathering of various outstanding talents and the development of emerging industries. Culture and economy move towards each other and thrive through integration. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Suzhou has done very well in combining tradition and modernity. It not only has historical and cultural heritage but also high-tech innovation and high-quality development, representing the future direction of development.” [18]18 Xi Jinping, “Speech during an Inspection Tour in Jiangsu,” July 2023. Chinese-path modernization creates a new form of civilization where material civilization and cultural-ethical progress are coordinated. The integrated development of culture and economy is both an endogenous driving force of Chinese-path modernization and a manifestation of the connotative development of culture. Therefore, to nourish industry with culture, it is necessary not only to give full play to the “dual-wheel drive” of cultural undertakings and the cultural industry, enhance the engine role of the cultural economy itself, and achieve high-quality development of the cultural industry, but also to focus on promoting the “dual-core empowerment” of culture and technology in social production, enhance the level of the humanistic economy based on the symbiosis and mutual promotion of “cultural creativity + technological innovation,” and jointly promote high-quality economic and social development. Nourishing industry with culture and manifesting culture through industry are strong practical supports for building a culturally strong country, providing an internally unified driving mechanism and an integrated and innovative development form for the manifestation of humanistic value and the creation of economic value in the process of Chinese-path modernization.

在现代社会文明进步不断朝向为人的全面发展创造条件的历史进程中，文化为人们提供了必不可少的精神食粮和价值指向，在丰富人的精神世界的同时，赋予人以强大的精神力量。文化成为一种内生的经济资源，文化产品、文化服务和人文经济产业都离不开文化。文化与经济的交融互动、融合发展的一体化趋势，是现代社会文明的一个重要特征：一方面，文化作为生产力要素融入生产过程，在社会生产中发挥重要的价值功能；另一方面，经济活动本身置于社会文化的大背景下，在经济价值实现的过程中贯穿着人文价值导向，经济效益与社会效益的一致性更为凸显。在现代城市文明建设中，丰富的历史文化积淀与创新的时代文化成果成为城市可持续发展的重要文化资本，同时也为各类优秀人才集聚和新兴产业发展提供富有魅力的城市环境与激发创新的文化土壤，文化与经济相向而行、相融而兴。习近平总书记指出：“苏州在传统与现代的结合上做得很好，不仅有历史文化传承，而且有高科技创新和高质量发展，代表未来的发展方向。”中国式现代化创造的是物质文明与精神文明相协调的文明新形态，文化与经济一体化发展既是中国式现代化内生的驱动力，也是文化内涵式发展的体现。因此，以文兴业，不仅要发挥好文化事业与文化产业的“双轮驱动”，提升文化经济自身的引擎作用，实现文化产业的高质量发展，而且要着力促进社会生产中文化与科技的“双核赋能”，提升“文创+科创”共生互促基础上的人文经济水平，共同推动经济社会高质量发展。以文兴业、以业彰文是文化强国建设的强劲实践支撑，为中国式现代化进程中的人文价值彰显与经济价值创造提供了内在统一的动力机制和融合创新的发展形态。

IV. Continuously Strengthening the Spiritual Power of the Practice of Upholding Fundamental Principles and Breaking New Ground in the Modern Civilization of the Chinese Nation

四 、不断增强中华民族现代文明守正创新实践的精神力量

In the contemporary process of building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation, upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground concerns the very lifeline of the cultural development of the Chinese nation. Only by strengthening spiritual power can the people, on the journey to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, fear no hardships, ride the wind and waves, and advance courageously without hesitation. The key to strengthening the people’s spiritual power to transform society and create civilizational achievements starts from shaping the subject’s spiritual world. Through a sound system of knowledge education and rich social cultural nourishment, it is necessary to cultivate generations of new people with ideological souls and cultural consciousness. The spiritual growth of a person is not achieved overnight but is a long-term process of socialization, requiring individuals to realize it through their own practice in social and cultural life. Therefore, the spiritual construction of a cultural community must follow the principle of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground: strengthen the soul lineage, firmly root the root lineage, enrich the scholarly lineage, and expand the cultural lineage, continuously stimulating the cultural vitality and spiritual creativity of the cultural community, and contributing wisdom and strength to national rejuvenation.

在建设中华民族现代文明的时代进程中，守正创新事关中华民族文化发展之命脉。唯有增强精神力量，人民群众才能在实现中华民族伟大复兴的征程上不畏艰险、乘风破浪、一往无前。增强人民改造社会、创造文明成果的精神力量，关键是从主体精神世界的塑造出发，通过健全的知识育人体系和丰厚的社会文化滋养，造就具有思想灵魂和文化自觉的一代代新人。人的精神成长不是一蹴而就的，而是一个长期的社会化过程，需要个体在社会文化生活中不断通过自身实践来实现。因此，文化共同体的精神建构，必须以守正创新为遵循，强健魂脉、扎牢根脉、丰富学脉、拓展文脉，不断激发文化共同体的文化生命力和精神创造力，为民族复兴贡献智慧和力量。

1. Strengthening the Soul Lineage: Arming the Mind by Adapting Marxism to the Chinese Context and the Needs of the Times

1. 强健魂脉：以马克思主义中国化时代化武装头脑

The modern civilization of the Chinese nation is a historical continuation and contemporary renewal of Chinese civilization. It is a historical creation of the Chinese people, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, taking the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics towards the great goal of national rejuvenation. For over a hundred years, the Party has adhered to the guidance of Marxism, continuously advancing the theoretical innovation of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, laying a solid theoretical foundation for socialism with Chinese characteristics and establishing firm confidence in the theory. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Theoretical innovation must speak new words, but it cannot discard the ancestors. Forgetting one’s ancestors would be tantamount to cutting off the soul lineage and the root lineage, ultimately committing a subversive error of losing the soul lineage and the root lineage.” [19]19 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Symposium on Theoretical Work,” December 2023. Theory is the logical support for the process of people’s spiritual construction and also the rational guide for people to exert their subjective initiative. Only by arming the mind with scientific theory can people’s spiritual activities, relying on the thinking power of rational cognition, break free from delusions and inject a self-realizing value soul into people’s spiritual growth. In the process of building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation, continuously strengthening people’s spiritual power means guiding people to fundamentally master the latest achievements of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, making it the foundation of thought and the source of confidence for people to observe, think about, and solve problems. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the Marxism of contemporary China and the Marxism of the 21st century. Making this latest theoretical innovation achievement of the Party enter the mind and heart of the people becomes the key to ideological and cultural construction. The people are the creators of social history and are at the forefront of social civilization practice. To advance the Party’s theoretical innovation and use the Party’s theoretical innovation achievements to arm the mind and guide practice, it is necessary to follow the mass line well. On the one hand, theoretical innovation must focus on the practical creations of the people, going among the masses to think about problems and find answers; on the other hand, arming the people with scientific theory requires strengthening the research and interpretation of the theoretical system, “making efforts in systematization and theorization, deeply researching and thoroughly explaining the era background, scientific system, spiritual essence, practical requirements, and original contributions of the Party’s innovative theory, using easy-to-understand language to convincingly explain its principles, theories, and philosophies, effectively bringing vivid ideas to life and thoroughly explaining thorough theories, powerfully promoting the Party’s innovative theory to deeply penetrate the hearts of the people,” [20]20 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Symposium on Theoretical Work,” December 2023. making it the source of spiritual power for the people’s practice.

中华民族现代文明是中华文明的历史延续与时代开新，是中国共产党领导中国人民向着民族复兴伟大目标走中国特色社会主义道路的历史创造。一百多年来，党坚持以马克思主义为指导，不断推进马克思主义中国化时代化的理论创新，为中国特色社会主义打下了坚实的理论根基，树立了坚定的理论自信。习近平总书记指出：“理论创新必须讲新话，但不能丢了老祖宗，数典忘祖就等于割断了魂脉和根脉，最终会犯失去魂脉和根脉的颠覆性错误。”理论是人们精神建构过程的逻辑支撑，也是人们发挥主观能动作用的理性向导，只有用科学理论武装头脑，才能使人们的精神活动凭借理性认知的思维力量摆脱妄想，为人们的精神成长注入自我实现的价值灵魂。在建设中华民族现代文明的进程中，持续增强人们的精神力量，就是要引导人们从根本上掌握马克思主义中国化时代化的最新成果，使之成为人们观察问题、思考问题、解决问题的思想之基和信心之源。习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想是当代中国马克思主义、21世纪马克思主义，让这一党的理论创新成果入脑入心，成为思想文化建设的关键。人民是社会历史的创造者，处在社会文明实践的最前沿，推进党的理论创新，用党的理论创新成果武装头脑、指导实践，必须走好群众路线。一方面，理论创新要聚焦于人民的实践创造，走到人民群众中去想问题、找答案；另一方面，以科学理论武装人民要加强理论体系的研究阐释，“在体系化、学理化上下功夫，把党的创新理论的时代背景、科学体系、精神实质、实践要求、原创性贡献研究深、阐释透，用通俗易懂的语言将其中的道理学理哲理讲得令人信服，切实把鲜活的思想讲鲜活，把彻底的理论讲彻底，有力推动党的创新理论深入人心”，成为人民实践的精神力量之源。

2. Firmly Rooting the Root Lineage: Continuously Consolidating Cultural Subjectivity through Cultural Inheritance and Development

2. 扎牢根脉：以文化传承发展持续巩固文化主体性

Chinese civilization has a long history of development and a deep cultural foundation. The building of a modern civilization of the Chinese nation is not a castle in the air; it must be grounded in China’s historical foundation and cultural heritage, and oriented toward social development and subjective creation in the New Era. The spiritual life of human beings, as subjects of social practice, is continuously enriched and strengthened through cultural inheritance and development; carrying forward the spiritual bloodline of the Chinese nation becomes the source of people’s spiritual life. General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly pointed out: “Every civilization continues the spiritual bloodline of a country and a nation. It not only needs to be passed down from generation to generation and guarded from age to age, but also needs to keep pace with the times and be bold in innovation.” [21]21 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations,” May 15, 2019. The fine traditional Chinese culture and the revolutionary culture formed by the Party leading the people in the great struggle for national rejuvenation have become the cultural nourishment and spiritual support for building a modern civilization of the Chinese nation. Inheriting fine traditional culture, promoting revolutionary culture, and developing advanced socialist culture are the fundamental ways to build a culturally strong country and strengthen the people’s spiritual strength. “The prosperity of a country or a nation is always supported by cultural prosperity; the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation requires the development and flourishing of Chinese culture as a condition.” [22]22 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Symposium on Literary and Art Work,” October 15, 2014. On the new historical journey, promoting cultural prosperity and development must firmly anchor the cultural roots of the construction of the subject’s spirit, strengthen the protection of cultural heritage, comprehensively improve the level of protection, utilization, and inheritance of cultural relics and cultural heritage, so that the national spirit is passed down from generation to generation, and continuously consolidate cultural subjectivity through cultural inheritance and development. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “Cultural relics carry splendid civilization, inherit history and culture, and sustain the national spirit. They are the precious legacy left to us by our ancestors and the profound nourishment for strengthening socialist cultural-ethical progress.” [23]23 Xi Jinping, “Instructions on Cultural Relics Work,” 2016. Culture is the soil of civilization; every civilization takes root in the cultural soil of its own nation, forming the subject’s autonomous and self-conscious awareness, and gathering the confidence and striving strength of the cultural community united as one and of one mind. The continuous development of Chinese civilization is precisely the effect and manifestation of this powerful force. Only by forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation can we continuously gather powerful subjective strength in building a modern civilization of the Chinese nation.

中华文明有着悠久的发展历史和深厚的文化根基，中华民族现代文明建设不是空中楼阁，而要立足于中国的历史基础和文化传承，面向新时代的社会发展与主体创造。作为社会实践主体的人的精神生命是在文化传承与发展中不断丰富和壮大的，赓续中华民族的精神血脉成为人的精神生命之源。习近平总书记深刻指出：“每一种文明都延续着一个国家和民族的精神血脉，既需要薪火相传、代代守护，更需要与时俱进、勇于创新。”中华优秀传统文化和党领导人民在民族崛起伟大斗争中形成的革命文化，成为建设中华民族现代文明的文化滋养和精神支撑。传承优秀传统文化、弘扬革命文化、发展社会主义先进文化，是建设文化强国、增强人民精神力量的根本之道。“一个国家、一个民族的强盛，总是以文化兴盛为支撑的，中华民族伟大复兴需要以中华文化发展繁荣为条件。”在新的历史征程上，推动文化繁荣发展必须扎牢主体精神建构的文化根脉，加强文化遗产保护，全面提升文物保护利用和文化遗产保护传承水平，让民族精神代代赓续，以文化传承发展持续巩固文化主体性。习近平总书记强调：“文物承载灿烂文明，传承历史文化，维系民族精神，是老祖宗留给我们的宝贵遗产，是加强社会主义精神文明建设的深厚滋养。”文化是文明的土壤，每一种文明都扎根在自己民族的文化土壤中，形成文化主体自主自为的意识，凝聚起文化共同体团结一心、众志成城的自信与奋进力量。中华文明延绵发展的历程正是这一强大力量的作用和体现，只有铸牢中华民族共同体意识，才能在建设中华民族现代文明中不断汇聚起强大的主体力量。

3. Enriching the Academic Lineage: Accelerating the Construction of a Philosophy and Social Science System with Chinese Characteristics

3. 丰富学脉：加快构建中国特色哲学社会科学体系

The modern civilization of the Chinese nation is a new form of human civilization created by Chinese-path modernization. The great practice of building a new social civilization will inevitably face many new problems and new challenges. Therefore, we must continuously enhance theoretical thinking, promote theoretical innovation, and advance the construction of a system of philosophy and social science, achieving the subject’s independence and autonomy in spiritual growth, so that theory becomes a powerful driving force for practical creation. Chinese-path modernization is a great social revolution led by the Party and carried out by the people in the New Era. It has distinct characteristics of the times and clear essential requirements. There is no ready-made theoretical model or practical template; we must summarize new laws and refine new theories in new practice. General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly pointed out: “The great social transformation in contemporary China is not a simple continuation of the master copy of our history and culture, not a simple application of the template envisioned by Marxist classical writers, not a reprint of socialist practices in other countries, and not a copy of foreign modernization development. It is impossible to find a ready-made textbook.” [24]24 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Symposium on Philosophy and Social Science Work,” May 17, 2016. Therefore, on the basis of integrating the theoretical exploration achievements of our predecessors, proceeding from the reality of promoting the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese civilization, and according to the spiritual needs of the subject’s practice, we must construct a philosophy and social science system with Chinese characteristics. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “We should follow the thinking of basing ourselves on China, drawing on foreign experience, excavating history, grasping the contemporary, caring for humanity, and facing the future, and strive to construct a philosophy and social science with Chinese characteristics, fully embodying Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese manner in terms of guiding ideology, disciplinary system, academic system, and discourse system.” [25]25 Ibid. Accelerating the construction of a philosophy and social science system with Chinese characteristics requires starting from basic theoretical concepts, unifying the adherence to the basic principles of Marxism with the inheritance of fine traditional Chinese culture in the theoretical exploration of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, integrating the existing knowledge, experience, and wisdom of human civilization, and promoting a critical spirit. It must both answer and solve problems in Chinese practice and propose Chinese solutions to human problems, “adhering to the viewpoints of practice, history, dialectics, and development, understanding truth, testing truth, and developing truth in practice.” [26]26 Ibid.

中华民族现代文明是中国式现代化开创的人类文明新形态，而建设新的社会文明的伟大实践必然面临诸多新问题、新挑战，因此我们要不断增强理论思维、推动理论创新，不断推进哲学社会科学的体系构建，实现主体在精神成长上的独立自主，使理论成为实践创造的强大动能。中国式现代化是党领导人民在新时代进行的伟大社会革命，有着鲜明的时代特征和明确的本质要求，没有现成的理论模型和实践样板，必须在新实践中总结新规律、提炼新理论。习近平总书记深刻指出：“当代中国的伟大社会变革，不是简单延续我国历史文化的母版，不是简单套用马克思主义经典作家设想的模板，不是其他国家社会主义实践的再版，也不是国外现代化发展的翻版，不可能找到现成的教科书。”因此，我们要在融通前人理论探索成果的基础上，从推动中华文明创造性转化和创新性发展的实际出发，根据主体实践的精神需要，构建中国特色哲学社会科学体系。习近平总书记指出：“要按照立足中国、借鉴国外，挖掘历史、把握当代，关怀人类、面向未来的思路，着力构建中国特色哲学社会科学，在指导思想、学科体系、学术体系、话语体系等方面充分体现中国特色、中国风格、中国气派。”加快构建中国特色哲学社会科学体系，需要从基本的理论概念入手，将坚持马克思主义基本原理与继承中华优秀传统文化统一于守正创新的理论探索中，融通人类文明已有的知识、经验和智慧，发扬批判精神，既回答和解决中国实践中的问题，也提出解决人类问题的中国方案，“坚持实践的观点、历史的观点、辩证的观点、发展的观点，在实践中认识真理、检验真理、发展真理”。

4. Expanding the Cultural Lineage: Actions to Implement the National Cultural Digitization Strategy

4. 拓展文脉：推进实施国家文化数字化战略的行动

The modern civilization of the Chinese nation is an innovative form oriented toward new technological development and application. On the basis of developing new quality productive forces and forming new relations of production compatible with them, developing advanced socialist culture requires expanding the cultural lineage with digital technology, advancing the construction of a national cultural digital life system, and stimulating people’s modern spiritual creation based on the production and lifestyle of people in the era of digital civilization. With the development of digital technology, the internet has been integrated into all aspects of social life. The country’s economic construction, cultural construction, and so on are all closely related to network information dissemination, and network security is of utmost importance. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Without network security, there is no national security; without informatization, there is no modernization.” [27]27 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission First Meeting,” February 27, 2014. Therefore, the modern civilization of the Chinese nation must be supported by building a strong cyber country. Rich and comprehensive information services and a thriving and developing network culture are both inherent requirements for building a strong cyber country and the characteristics of the times for building a culturally strong country. Under the increasingly developed conditions of digital information network dissemination, building a culturally strong country must take cultural digitization as a strategic direction, further stimulate the cultural innovation and creativity of the entire nation, promote the development of network culture, and form a strong network cultural lineage of Chinese culture. In 2022, the Party Central Committee and the State Council made a comprehensive deployment for implementing the national cultural digitization strategy and issued the “Opinions on Promoting the Implementation of the National Cultural Digitization Strategy.” [28]28 The “Opinions on Promoting the Implementation of the National Cultural Digitization Strategy” was issued by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council in March 2022. The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC listed the implementation of the national cultural digitization strategy as an important measure for promoting the prosperity and development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries. Building a national cultural big data system and forming a Chinese cultural database have become an important part of the overall layout of Digital China construction. “By 2035, a national cultural big data system with physical distribution, logical correlation, fast linking, efficient search, comprehensive sharing, and key integration will be built, Chinese culture will be presented in a panoramic view, and the achievements of Chinese cultural digitization will be shared by all the people.” [29]29 Quote from the “Opinions on Promoting the Implementation of the National Cultural Digitization Strategy.” Continuing to promote cultural prosperity, build a culturally strong country, and build a modern civilization of the Chinese nation from a new starting point is the new cultural mission entrusted to us by the New Era. The fundamental thought method of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground revealed by Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought has laid a scientific methodological foundation for us to complete the new cultural mission and has become the key for the Chinese cultural community to exert its subjective initiative and strengthen the people’s spiritual strength.

中华民族现代文明是面向新的技术发展与应用的创新形态。在发展新质生产力并形成与之相适应的新型生产关系的基础上发展社会主义先进文化，要以数字化技术拓展文脉，推进国家文化数字生命体系的构建，基于数字文明时代人们的生产生活方式激发人的现代精神创造。随着数字技术的发展，互联网已经融入社会生活的方方面面，国家的经济建设、文化建设等都与网络信息传播息息相关，网络安全至关重要。习近平总书记指出：“没有网络安全就没有国家安全，没有信息化就没有现代化。”因此，中华民族现代文明必须以网络强国建设为支撑。丰富全面的信息服务、繁荣发展的网络文化既是网络强国建设的内在要求，也是文化强国建设的时代特征。在数字化信息网络传播日益发达的时代条件下，建设文化强国必须以文化数字化为战略方向，进一步激发全民族文化创新创造活力，繁荣发展网络文化，形成中华文化强大的网络文脉。2022年，党中央、国务院对实施国家文化数字化战略作出全面部署，出台了《关于推进实施国家文化数字化战略的意见》，党的二十大报告把实施国家文化数字化战略作为繁荣发展文化事业和文化产业的重要举措。建设国家文化大数据体系、形成中华文化数据库，成为数字中国建设整体布局的重要组成，“到2035年，建成物理分布、逻辑关联、快速链接、高效搜索、全面共享、重点集成的国家文化大数据体系，中华文化全景呈现，中华文化数字化成果全民共享”。在新的起点上继续推动文化繁荣、建设文化强国、建设中华民族现代文明，是新时代赋予我们的新的文化使命，习近平文化思想所揭示的守正创新这一根本思想方法，为我们完成新的文化使命奠定了科学的方法论基础，成为中华文化共同体发挥主体能动性、增强人民精神力量的关键所在。

V. Conclusion

五、结语

Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought inherits and develops Marxist cultural theory and is an important component of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought profoundly answers a series of epochal questions such as “What is socialist cultural construction in the New Era,” “Why build socialist culture in the New Era,” and “How to build socialist culture well in the New Era,” providing ideological guidance for promoting the prosperity and flourishing of socialist culture and building a socialist culturally strong country. To deeply study Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought, it is necessary to continuously deepen the understanding of its internal theoretical logic and grasp, through academic reasoning, the practical implications of its scientific system for building a socialist culturally strong country. Upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, as the fundamental method running through Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought, highlights a philosophical methodology with Chinese characteristics, becomes the core logic driving continuous theoretical innovation and expanding theoretical lineages, and provides fundamental guidance for people to exert their spiritual initiative and engage in cultural practice and creation.

习近平文化思想继承和发展了马克思主义文化理论，是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的重要组成部分。习近平文化思想深刻回答了“什么是新时代社会主义文化建设”“为什么要建设新时代社会主义文化”“怎样建设好新时代社会主义文化”等一系列时代课题，为推动社会主义文化繁荣兴盛、建设社会主义文化强国提供了思想指引。深入研究习近平文化思想，需要持续深化认识其内在的理论逻辑，以学理方式把握其科学体系对建设社会主义文化强国的现实意蕴。守正创新作为贯穿习近平文化思想的根本方法，彰显了具有中国特色的哲学方法论，成为驱动理论持续创新和拓展理论脉络的核心逻辑，为人们发挥精神能动性投身文化实践创造提供了根本遵循。

Xi Jinping Thought on Culture manifests a cultural construction that possesses historical initiative, cultural confidence, and the significance of guiding the times. It has consciously shaped an innovative space for the construction of a cultural community through the spirit of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, clarified the new mission of the cultural path, and constructed a new vision of the cultural landscape, thereby creatively opening up a new situation for the socialist cultural cause and the development of the cultural industry. This provides ideological guidance and practical guidance for comprehensively advancing Chinese-path modernization [30]30 Chinese-path modernization (中国式现代化): The official term for China’s model of modernization under the CPC, distinguished from Western models by its emphasis on socialist principles, cultural continuity, and coordinated material and spiritual progress. that coordinates material progress and cultural-ethical progress. To transform the spiritual power of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture into the constructive power of a socialist cultural power, it is necessary to continuously deepen the study of this system of thought, both grasping its essential meaning and giving full play to its practical value: first, deepen the theoretical elaboration of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, highlighting the overall logic of the scientific system of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture; second, refine the study of the theoretical system of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, clarifying the internal logic of the interconnections among theoretical contents; third, strengthen the summation of practical innovations in Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, fully demonstrating the ideological vitality that unifies theoretical self-innovation with practical innovation of the times.

习近平文化思想展现了具有历史主动性、文化自信和时代引领意义的文化建构，以守正创新的精神自觉塑造了文化共同体建设的创新空间，明确了文化道路的新使命，建构了文化格局的新图景，从而创造性地开拓了社会主义文化事业和文化产业发展新局面，为全面推进物质文明和精神文明相协调的中国式现代化提供了思想引领和实践遵循。将习近平文化思想的精神力量转化为社会主义文化强国的建设力量，需要持续深化对这一思想体系的研究，既掌握其精髓要义，又发挥其实践价值：一是深化对习近平文化思想的学理化阐释，凸显习近平文化思想科学体系的整体逻辑；二是细化对习近平文化思想学理体系的研究，明确理论内容相互联系的内在逻辑；三是强化对习近平文化思想实践创新的经验总结，充分彰显理论自主创新与实践时代创新相统一的思想生命力。

(Author: Cao Jinsong, President and Researcher of the Nanjing Academy of Social Sciences)

（作者：曹劲松，南京市社会科学院院长、研究员）

Online Editor: You Heng

网络编辑：有恒