The Core Implications, Internal Logic, and Practical Pathways of Building a Strong Cultural State in the New Era

The proposal of the Party Central Committee on formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, adopted at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Party Central Committee, clearly states that we must “develop a socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a new era that possesses strong ideological guidance, spiritual cohesion, value appeal, and international influence, and solidly advance the building of a strong cultural state.” Building a strong cultural state concerns the overall situation of Chinese-path modernization, the great cause of national rejuvenation, and the enhancement of China’s comprehensive national power and international competitiveness. On the new journey where changes unseen in a century are accelerating, domestic reform and development tasks are arduous, and the comprehensive building of a modern socialist country is being deeply advanced, culture, as a spiritual force that guides direction, unites people, and inspires values, has an increasingly prominent strategic significance. A strong cultural state is an integral part of a modernized strong state, and the coordinated enhancement of ideological guidance, spiritual cohesion, value appeal, and international influence is precisely the core implication, important marker, and key lever for developing socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a new era and advancing the building of a strong cultural state. On the new journey of the New Era, deeply revealing the core implications of a strong cultural state, clarifying the logical relationship among the construction of ideological guidance, spiritual cohesion, value appeal, and international influence in a strong cultural state, and exploring feasible practical pathways are of great and far-reaching significance for stimulating cultural innovation and creativity, enhancing national cultural soft power, building a socialist cultural strong state, and thereby comprehensively building a modern socialist strong state.

党的二十届四中全会通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》明确指出，要“发展具有强大思想引领力、精神凝聚力、价值感召力、国际影响力的新时代中国特色社会主义文化，扎实推进文化强国建设”。建设文化强国，事关中国式现代化建设全局，事关民族复兴伟业，事关我国综合国力和国际竞争力提升。在世界百年未有之大变局加速演进、国内改革发展任务艰巨和全面建设社会主义现代化国家深入推进的新征程上，文化作为引领方向、凝聚人心、价值感召的精神力量，其战略价值愈发凸显。文化强国是现代化强国的应有之义，而思想引领力、精神凝聚力、价值感召力、国际影响力的协同提升，正是发展新时代中国特色社会主义文化、推进文化强国建设的核心意蕴、重要标识和关键抓手。新时代新征程，深入揭示文化强国的核心意蕴，明晰文化强国思想引领力、精神凝聚力、价值感召力、国际影响力建设的逻辑关系，探索切实可行的实践进路，对激发文化创新创造活力、提升国家文化软实力、建设社会主义文化强国进而全面建成社会主义现代化强国，具有重大且深远的意义。

I. The Core Implications of a Strong Cultural State in the New Era

一、新时代文化强国的核心意蕴

Developing socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a new era and advancing the building of a strong cultural state are major cultural missions of the New Era. Clarifying the strategic positioning of a strong cultural state in the construction of a modern socialist country, accurately grasping that spiritual force is the core implication of a strong cultural state in the New Era, and emphasizing that the enhancement of spiritual force is a prominent marker of national strength are prerequisites for clarifying the direction of cultural construction, solving problems in cultural development, and stimulating cultural innovation vitality.

发展新时代中国特色社会主义文化、推进文化强国建设，是新时代的重大文化使命。明确文化强国在社会主义现代化国家建设中的战略定位、准确把握精神力量是新时代文化强国的核心意蕴、强调精神力量的提升是国力强盛的显著标识，这是明晰文化建设方向、破解文化发展难题、激发文化创新活力的前提。

(1) A Strong Cultural State Is an Important Component of a Modernized Strong State

（一）文化强国是现代化强国的重要构成

Culture carries the spiritual genes of a country and a nation; its prosperity and flourishing are not only a concentrated expression of a great power’s rise but also an important guarantee for the rejuvenation of a strong state. General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly pointed out: “Throughout history, the development process of any major power is not only a process of improving hard power such as economic aggregate and military strength, but also a process of enhancing soft power such as values, ideas, and culture.” As the core carrier and concentrated expression of national soft power, culture, together with economy, science and technology, and military affairs, constitutes the comprehensive strength necessary for the revitalization of a major power. “In coordinating the advancement of the Five-Sphere Integrated Plan and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy, culture is an important content; in promoting high-quality development, culture is an important fulcrum; in meeting the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life, culture is an important factor; in overcoming various risks and challenges on the way forward, culture is an important source of strength.” [1]1 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Symposium on Cultural and Educational Work in the New Era” (2019), quoted from the compilation of important remarks on cultural construction. Prosperity lacking a cultural core is difficult to achieve and hard to sustain. Cultural prosperity can not only inject spiritual strength into national development but also shape unique national spiritual markers, leading the path to national strength.

文化承载着一个国家、一个民族的精神基因，其繁荣兴盛不仅是大国崛起的集中体现，更是强国复兴的重要保障。习近平总书记深刻指出：“古往今来，任何一个大国的发展进程，既是经济总量、军事力量等硬实力提高的过程，也是价值观念、思想文化等软实力提高的进程。”文化作为国家软实力的核心承载和集中体现，与经济、科技、军事等共同构成大国振兴所具备的综合实力。“统筹推进‘五位一体’总体布局、协调推进‘四个全面’战略布局，文化是重要内容；推动高质量发展，文化是重要支点；满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要，文化是重要因素；战胜前进道路上各种风险挑战，文化是重要力量源泉。”缺乏文化内核的强盛难以实现且难以持久。文化繁荣不仅能为国家发展注入精神力量，更能塑造独特的民族精神标识，引领国家强盛之路。

A strong cultural state is the core support for a modernized strong state. The construction of a modernized strong state is a systematic project, encompassing multiple dimensions such as material abundance, political clarity, cultural prosperity, social harmony, and ecological livability. Among these, a strong cultural state is an important content running through all aspects and the entire process of a modernized strong state; a strong cultural state itself is an important component of building a modern socialist strong state. A country lacking cultural heritage, even if it achieves growth in economic aggregate and improvement in scientific and technological levels, can hardly be called a truly modernized strong state. As an important component of a modern socialist strong state, a strong cultural state highlights the unique character of Chinese-path modernization. “China’s modernization is a modernization that coordinates material civilization and cultural-ethical progress,” [2]2 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Celebration of the 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China” (2021). which is distinctly different from the Western modernization model that unilaterally pursues material wealth. A modern socialist strong state is not only a strong state in material terms but also a strong state in culture and spirit. China’s construction of a strong cultural state is rooted in the fertile soil of fine traditional Chinese culture, inherited in the red genes of revolutionary culture, and developed in the contemporary practice of advanced socialist culture, forming spiritual markers distinct from other modernization models and becoming an important benchmark leading the new form of human civilization. A strong cultural state injects inexhaustible impetus into the comprehensive building of a modern socialist strong state. The power of culture may seem invisible, but it can be transformed into a powerful material force to change the world. Whether it is high-quality development in economic construction, the advancement of political construction and law-based governance, the harmony and stability of social construction, or the green and sustainable development of ecological civilization, all are inseparable from culture’s ideological guidance, spiritual cohesion, value appeal, and humanistic nourishment. Embarking on the new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country, only by continuously advancing the construction of a strong cultural state, while consolidating the foundation of material development and enriching the national cultural heritage, can we comprehensively enhance the quality and efficiency of modernization development.

文化强国是现代化强国的核心支撑。现代化强国的建设是一项系统工程，涵盖物质富足、政治清明、文化繁荣、社会和谐、生态宜居等多重维度。其中，文化强国是贯穿现代化强国全方位、全过程的重要内容，文化强国本身就是社会主义现代化强国建设的重要组成部分。一个缺乏文化底蕴的国家，即便实现了经济总量的增长、科技水平的提升，也难以称得上真正的现代化强国。文化强国作为社会主义现代化强国的重要构成，凸显了中国式现代化的独特品格。“我国现代化是物质文明和精神文明相协调的现代化”，其与西方单一追求物质财富的现代化模式截然不同。社会主义现代化强国，不仅是物质强国，更是文化强国、精神强国。我国的文化强国建设，根植于中华优秀传统文化的深厚土壤，传承于革命文化的红色基因，发展于社会主义先进文化的时代实践，形成了区别于其他现代化模式的精神标识，成为引领人类文明新形态的重要标杆。文化强国为全面建成社会主义现代化强国注入了不竭动力。文化的力量看似无形，却能转化为改造世界的强大物质力量。无论是经济建设的高质量发展、政治建设和民主法治推进，还是社会建设的和谐稳定、生态文明建设的绿色可持续，都离不开文化的思想引领、精神凝聚、价值感召与人文滋养。迈上全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程，唯有持续推进文化强国建设，在夯实物质发展根基的同时厚植民族文化底蕴，才能全面提升现代化发展的质效。

(2) Spiritual Force Is the Core Implication of a Strong Cultural State

（二）精神力量是文化强国的核心意蕴

The power of culture is, in the final analysis, the spiritual force forged by culture. General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly pointed out: “A person cannot stand without spirit, and a country cannot be strong without spirit.” [3]3 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Commemoration of the 95th Anniversary of the Founding of the People’s Liberation Army” (2022). “A nation without spiritual strength can hardly stand on its own or become strong.” [4]4 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the Central Party School (National School of Administration) for Young and Middle-Aged Cadres” (2019). To build a modern socialist strong state, we must build a strong cultural state, vigorously develop socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a new era, and through the infiltration and nourishment of culture, inject powerful spiritual strength into the continuous advancement of Chinese-path modernization. The construction of cultural-ethical progress in the New Era “must pay more attention to cultivating people through culture and educating people through culture, continuously enrich the people’s spiritual world, and promote the all-round development of people,” [5]5 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Symposium on Cultural and Educational Work in the New Era” (2019). ultimately aiming to “provide powerful spiritual strength for building a strong country and achieving national rejuvenation.” [6]6 Xi Jinping, “Report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China” (2022). The value of culture lies not only in meeting the people’s growing spiritual and cultural needs but also in endowing the people with spiritual strength that can unite and inspire them, and then transforming this spiritual strength into national cohesion, promoting the in-depth development of Chinese-path modernization. Culture not only provides the people with spiritual nourishment, emotional comfort, and aesthetic experience but also endows them with ideological weapons to understand and transform the world, cultivates their cultural confidence, value identification, and conscious action, achieving a leap from “satisfying spiritual and cultural needs” to “integrating and consolidating spiritual strength,” integrating scattered individual wills into a national development consensus and unified will, and then transforming the spiritual strength of culture into the material strength of practice, forming a source of strength for the whole society to respond to risks and challenges, achieve high-quality development, and comprehensively build a modern socialist strong state.

文化的力量归根结底是文化铸就的精神力量。习近平总书记深刻指出：“人无精神则不立，国无精神则不强。”“一个没有精神力量的民族难以自立自强”，建设社会主义现代化强国，必须建设文化强国，大力发展新时代中国特色社会主义文化，通过文化的浸润与滋养，为中国式现代化的持续推进注入强大精神力量。新时代精神文明建设“要更加注重以文化人、以文育人，不断丰富人民精神世界，促进人的全面发展”，最终落脚到“为强国建设、民族复兴提供强大精神力量”。文化的价值不仅在于满足人民日益增长的精神文化需要，还在于赋予能够凝聚和激励人民的精神力量，进而将这种精神力量转化为民族凝聚力，推动中国式现代化的深入发展。文化不仅为民众提供精神食粮、情感慰藉与审美体验，还赋予民众认识世界、改造世界的思想武器，培育民众的文化自信、价值认同与行动自觉，实现从“精神文化需求满足”到“精神力量整合凝聚”的跨越，将分散的个体意志整合为国家的发展共识和统一意志，进而将文化的精神力量转化为实践的物质力量，形成全社会应对风险挑战、实现高质量发展、全面建成社会主义现代化强国的力量源泉。

Spiritual strength is the core implication of whether a culturally strong country is “strong” or not. The spiritual strength contained in culture is a more enduring, deeper, and more fundamental strength. The “strength” of a culturally strong country is embodied in whether it can, through the infiltration and empowerment of culture, achieve the elevation of individual spiritual realms, the cohesion of social consensus, and the transmission of national spirit, ultimately constructing a powerful spiritual force that aligns with the national development strategy and adapts to the process of national rejuvenation, thereby supporting and driving the construction of a strong socialist modernized country. The ideological guiding force of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for the New Era is centrally manifested as the guiding force of culture in the form of scientific theory. By strengthening the Party’s theoretical innovation, interpretation, and dissemination of the scientific theoretical system, it provides ideological guidance for members of society, preventing cognitive confusion under the impact of diverse erroneous ideological trends. The spiritual cohesion of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for the New Era is the spiritual force formed by members of society based on shared ideological consensus and ideals and beliefs under the guidance of scientific theory. Group cohesion and national cohesion are concrete expressions of spiritual cohesion. The value appeal of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for the New Era is the capacity to attract, move, summon, and mobilize members of society based on value identification, relying on shared cultural memory and value pursuits. Its core goal is to guide people in handling the value relationship between the individual and the collective, the small self and the greater self. It is a vivid manifestation of spiritual strength at the level of value shaping. The international influence of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for the New Era is the process by which the enduring Chinese culture and its spiritual core, value concepts, and civilizational traits gain broad understanding, respect, and recognition from the people of various countries through civilizational exchanges and mutual learning, highlighting the attractiveness and contribution of Chinese culture to global governance and the progress of human civilization.

精神力量是文化强国“强不强”的核心意蕴。文化所蕴含的精神力量是更持久、更深厚、更基本的力量。文化强国的“强”，体现在其能否通过文化的浸润与赋能，实现个体精神境界的提升、社会共识的凝聚与民族精神的传承，最终构建与国家发展战略相契合、与民族复兴进程相适应的强大精神力量，支撑和推动社会主义现代化强国建设。新时代中国特色社会主义文化具有的思想引领力，集中体现为科学理论形态的文化的引领力，通过加强党的理论创新、阐释和传播科学理论体系，为社会成员提供思想遵循，避免多元错误思潮冲击下的认知混乱。新时代中国特色社会主义文化具有的精神凝聚力，是在科学理论指导下社会成员基于共同的思想共识和理想信念所形成的精神力量，群体凝聚力和民族凝聚力则是精神凝聚力的具象表达。新时代中国特色社会主义文化具有的价值感召力，是在价值认同基础上，依托共同的文化记忆与价值追求，对社会成员产生的吸引、感动、召唤与动员能力，其核心目标是引导人们处理好个人与集体、小我与大我的价值关系，是精神力量在价值塑造层面的生动体现。新时代中国特色社会主义文化具有的国际影响力，是历久弥新的中华文化及其承载的精神内核、价值理念与文明特质，在文明交流互鉴中获得各国民众广泛理解、尊重与认同的过程，彰显中华文化对全球治理、人类文明进步的吸引力和贡献力。

Thus, the “strength” of a culturally strong country is essentially the “strength” of spiritual power: the strength of ideological guiding force that can guide thought and behavior, lead development direction, and direct social practice; the strength of spiritual cohesion that can consolidate ideological consensus and enhance the合力 of national development in complex internal and external environments; the strength of value appeal that can summon and inspire hundreds of millions of people to integrate personal dreams into the Chinese Dream, the small self into the greater self, and individual strength into collective strength to jointly advance Chinese-path modernization; and the strength of international influence that can expand the international exchange and dissemination of Chinese culture and foster the international community’s correct understanding and recognition of China’s development. Therefore, the ideological guiding force, spiritual cohesion, value appeal, and international influence forged by socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for the New Era constitute the core implications of a culturally strong country. Judging whether a country can be called a culturally strong country cannot rely solely on external indicators such as the superficial expansion of the cultural industry scale or the formal accumulation of cultural product quantity. It is more important to examine whether it has formed a spiritual force that permeates all fields of society, infiltrates the spiritual world of the people, and possesses strong guiding, cohesive, appealing, and influential power. This powerful spiritual force is not only the core implication of a culturally strong country but also the source of strength for comprehensively building a strong socialist modernized country.

可见，文化强国的“强”，本质上是精神力量的“强”，是能够引导思想行为、引领发展方向、指导社会实践的思想引领力之强，是能够在复杂内外环境中凝聚思想共识、增强国家发展合力的精神凝聚力之强，是能够召唤和激发亿万民众把个人梦融入中国梦、把小我融入大我、把个人力量融入集体力量共同推动中国式现代化的价值感召力之强，也是能够扩大中华文化的国际交流传播、形成国际社会对中国发展正确认知和认同的国际影响力之强。因此，新时代中国特色社会主义文化铸就的思想引领力、精神凝聚力、价值感召力与国际影响力，构成了文化强国的核心意蕴。判断一个国家是否称得上文化强国，不能仅依赖文化产业规模的表层扩张或文化产品数量的形式累积等外在指标，更要审视其是否形成贯穿社会各领域，浸润民众精神世界，具有强大引领力、凝聚力、感召力和影响力的精神力量。这种强大的精神力量，不仅是文化强国的核心意蕴，更是全面建成社会主义现代化强国的力量源泉。

(III) The Elevation of Spiritual Strength Is a Significant Indicator of National Power and Prosperity

（三）精神力量提升是国力强盛的显著标识

The elevation of spiritual strength is a significant indicator of a country’s national power and prosperity. The spiritual strength of a culturally strong country not only constitutes the core essence of a culturally strong country but also provides strong support for comprehensive national power, serving as an important carrier and measure of national power and prosperity.

精神力量提升是一个国家国力强盛的显著标识。文化强国的精神力量，既构成文化强国的核心要义，又构成综合国力的强大支撑，是国力强盛的重要承载和衡量尺度。

Spiritual strength has always been a core element of comprehensive national power. In 1975, American international affairs and strategic studies expert R.S. Cline, in his book *World Power Assessment*, proposed a method for measuring comprehensive national power, pointing out that comprehensive national power includes basic strength (territory, population, etc.), economic strength, military strength, strategic intent, and national will. Among these, the spiritual strength constituted by strategic intent and national will is not only an important component of comprehensive national power but also a “multiplier” for enhancing various material strengths, playing a significant role in the overall improvement of comprehensive national power. International relations theorist Joseph Nye believes that national power includes two major parts: hard power and soft power. Soft power is an important power constituted by culture, values, development models, and foreign policy. Soft power, based on attraction, is the power of spiritual factors. “The power of culture, or what we call the cultural soft power that constitutes comprehensive competitiveness, always integrates ‘silently and subtly’ into economic power, political power, and social power, becoming the ‘booster’ of economic development, the ‘navigation light’ of political civilization, and the ‘adhesive’ of social harmony.” The power of culture is mainly a spiritual power. “The rejuvenation of a nation requires strong material strength, and it also requires strong spiritual strength.” Without strong spiritual strength, there can be no strong material strength, nor strong comprehensive national power.

精神力量历来是综合国力的核心要素。1975年，美国国际问题和战略学专家R.S.克莱因（R.S.Cline）在《世界权力的评价》中提出了综合国力的衡量方式，指出综合国力包括基本实力（国土和人口等）、经济实力、军事实力、战略意图和国家意志等，其中战略意图和国家意志构成的精神力量既是综合国力的重要组成部分，又是诸物质实力增强的“乘数”，对综合国力的全面提升起着重要作用。国际关系理论家约瑟夫·奈（JosephNye）认为，国家实力包括硬实力和软实力两大部分，软实力是文化、价值观、发展模式、外交政策等所构成的重要实力。基于吸引力产生的软实力是精神因素的力量。“文化的力量，或者我们称之为构成综合竞争力的文化软实力，总是‘润物细无声’地融入经济力量、政治力量、社会力量之中，成为经济发展的‘助推器’、政治文明的‘导航灯’、社会和谐的‘黏合剂’。”文化的力量主要是一种精神的力量。“一个民族的复兴需要强大的物质力量，也需要强大的精神力量。”没有强大的精神力量，就谈不上强大的物质力量，也谈不上强大的综合国力。

The elevation of spiritual strength and national power and prosperity share a high degree of internal isomorphism. National power and prosperity are the joint construction and coordinated development of material strength and spiritual strength. The predicament faced by modern China was prominently manifested as the country being “a sheet of loose sand” [7]7 “A sheet of loose sand” (一盘散沙) is a Chinese idiom describing a state of disunity and lack of cohesion, often used to characterize China’s weakness in the face of foreign aggression during the late Qing and Republican periods., which was essentially the dispersion of people’s hearts and spirit. Sun Yat-sen’s call to “arouse the masses” was essentially about awakening the people’s consciousness and national spirit to consolidate the spiritual and national strength for rejuvenating China. Mao Zedong’s proposals for “the great union of the masses” and “organizing together” were mainly aimed at educating, arming, and mobilizing the masses through advanced thought, uniting and凝聚 the people, changing the situation of “a sheet of loose sand” in the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, and forming a powerful spiritual and national cohesion for national salvation and survival. When Deng Xiaoping discussed how to unite the entire Party and the people of the whole country, he emphasized, “For such a large country as ours, how can we be united and organized? First, by ideals; second, by discipline. Once organized, we have strength. Without ideals and discipline, it would be like the old China, a sheet of loose sand.” “A sheet of loose sand” was precisely an important cause of foreign invasion and national peril. In the historical process of China moving from poverty and weakness to prosperity and strength, the cultivation, cohesion, and elevation of spiritual strength have always run through it. In its development process spanning over a hundred years, the Communist Party of China has always regarded the construction of spiritual strength as an important strategic task, adhering to Marxism as the guiding ideology, combining the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the best of traditional Chinese culture, and establishing the original aspiration and founding mission of seeking happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation. Through ideological guidance, belief forging, and spiritual cohesion, it awakened the political consciousness, revolutionary awareness, and national self-consciousness of the people across the country, consolidated powerful spiritual strength, solved the predicament of “a sheet of loose sand” in national development since modern times, and effectively promoted the historical process of China’s revolution, construction, and reform, driving the country to achieve a historic leap from standing up and growing rich to becoming strong. This fully demonstrates the significant role of spiritual strength in national power and prosperity. On the new journey of the New Era, continuously elevating spiritual strength is not only an inevitable requirement for national power and prosperity but also a significant indicator of the growing comprehensive national power and the comprehensive construction of a strong socialist modernized country.

精神力量提升与国家强盛具有高度的内在同构性。国家强盛是物质力量与精神力量的共同建构和协同发展。近代中国面临的困境，突出表现为国家的“一盘散沙”，实质上是人心和精神的涣散。孙中山提出的“唤起民众”，本质上是通过唤醒民众觉悟和民族精神，凝聚振兴中华的精神力量和民族力量。毛泽东提出的“民众大联合”“组织起来”，主要也是希望通过先进的思想教育，武装、动员群众，把人民大众团结凝聚起来，改变半殖民地半封建社会“一盘散沙”的状况，形成救亡图存、民族振兴的强大精神凝聚力和民族凝聚力。邓小平谈到如何把全党全国人民团结起来时，强调“我们这么大一个国家，怎样才能团结起来、组织起来呢？一靠理想，二靠纪律。组织起来就有力量。没有理想，没有纪律，就会像旧中国那样一盘散沙”。“一盘散沙”正是导致外敌入侵和民族危亡的重要原因。在中国从积贫积弱走向繁荣强盛的历史进程中，精神力量的培育、凝聚与提升始终贯穿其中。中国共产党在百余年发展历程中，始终将精神力量建设作为重要战略任务，坚持以马克思主义为指导思想，把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合，确立了为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴的初心使命。通过思想引领、信念铸造与精神凝聚，唤醒全国人民的政治觉悟、革命意识和民族自觉，凝聚了强大精神力量，破解了近代以来国家发展的“一盘散沙”困境，有力推动了中国革命、建设和改革的历史进程，推动国家迎来了从站起来、富起来到强起来的历史性跨越，充分彰显了精神力量对国力强盛的重大作用。新时代新征程，持续提升精神力量，既是国力强盛的必然要求，也是综合国力日益强大、全面建成社会主义现代化强国的显著标识。

II. The Internal Logic of a Culturally Strong Country in the New Era

二、新时代文化强国的内在逻辑

Ideological guiding force, spiritual cohesion, value appeal, and international influence, as the core implications of a culturally strong country, develop progressively and work in synergy, constituting the internal logic of building a culturally strong country in the New Era. Deeply understanding and grasping the internal logic of these “four forces” is an inevitable requirement for building a culturally strong country in the New Era.

思想引领力、精神凝聚力、价值感召力、国际影响力作为文化强国的核心意蕴，四者递进发展、协同发力，构成新时代文化强国建设的内在逻辑。深入理解和把握“四力”的内在逻辑，是新时代文化强国建设的必然要求。

(I) Ideological Guiding Force Is the Foundation of a Culturally Strong Country

（一）思想引领力是文化强国的根本

The ideological leading power of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a New Era is the leading power of culture in its theoretical form. General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly pointed out: “For a nation to stand at the forefront of the times, it cannot for a moment do without theoretical thinking, nor for a moment do without correct ideological guidance.” To build a strong cultural state, it is necessary to build a socialist culture with Chinese characteristics that possesses strong ideological leading power. Ideological leading power is the foundation of a strong cultural state and the directional guarantee for its construction; its core mission lies in taking a scientific system of thought and theory as its anchor point, achieving a profound revelation of the general trend and direction of social development, and fundamentally dissolving the cognitive fragmentation and developmental confusion that may arise under the impact of multiple erroneous ideological trends. Precisely because a scientific theoretical system reveals the essence and laws of the development of things and reflects the trend of social development, especially the general trend of China’s and the world’s development, this theoretical form of culture can accurately grasp the pulse of the times in cultural and national development, pointing the way forward for building a strong cultural state and even a strong socialist modernized state. Against the backdrop of a tortuous advance in economic globalization, an accelerated transformation of social structure, and increasingly intense exchanges and confrontations in the ideological and cultural fields, the interweaving and collision of multiple social trends of thought both inject vitality into cultural development and bring the risks of fragmented ideological cognition and blurred development direction. The core function of ideological leading power is to clarify the fundamental question of “what banner to hold and what path to take” in advancing the construction of a modernized state through a strong cultural state. By constructing a systematic and scientific system of thought and theory, it provides all members of society with a common cognitive foundation, ideological guideline, and spiritual coordinate, enabling the broad masses of the people to maintain a high degree of identification with the direction of China’s cultural development and the path of building a modernized state in a complex and changing social environment. In the New Era, this leading power of culture in its theoretical form is the powerful leading power of Marxism, of Marxism adapted to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, and especially of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

新时代中国特色社会主义文化的思想引领力，是理论形态的文化的引领力。习近平总书记深刻指出：“一个民族要走在时代前列，就一刻不能没有理论思维，一刻不能没有正确思想指引。”建设文化强国，必然要建设具有强大思想引领力的中国特色社会主义文化。思想引领力是文化强国的根本，是文化强国建设的方向保障，其核心使命在于以科学的思想理论体系为锚点，实现社会发展大势和方向的深刻揭示，从根源上消解多元错误思潮冲击下可能出现的认知撕裂与发展迷思。正因为科学的理论体系，揭示了事物发展的本质和规律，反映了社会发展趋势特别是中国和世界发展大势，这一理论形态的文化才能够精准把握文化和国家发展的时代脉搏，为文化强国乃至社会主义现代化强国建设指明前进方向。在经济全球化进程曲折前进、社会结构加速转型、思想文化领域交流交锋日益激烈的时代背景下，多元社会思潮的交织碰撞既为文化发展注入活力，也带来思想认知碎片化、发展方向模糊化的风险。思想引领力的核心功能，在于明确以文化强国推进现代化强国建设“举什么旗、走什么路”的根本问题，通过构建系统科学的思想理论体系，为全体社会成员提供共同的认知基础、思想遵循与精神坐标，使广大人民群众在复杂多变的社会环境中，始终保持对我国文化发展方向和现代化强国建设道路的高度认同。新时代，这种理论形态的文化的引领力，就是马克思主义、中国化时代化马克思主义特别是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想具有的强大引领力。

The formation of ideological leading power stems from the scientific nature of the theory itself, from the scientific nature of Marxism and of Marxism adapted to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. Since its birth, Marxism has provided a powerful ideological weapon for humanity to understand and transform the world with its scientific worldview and methodology; the scientific nature and truth of its theoretical system are the fundamental prerequisite for the formation of ideological leading power. Marxism profoundly reveals the general laws of the development of nature, human society, and thinking, endowing it with the power of truth that transcends time and space, and pointing out the fundamental direction for culture to serve social progress and the comprehensive development of human beings. Marxism adapted to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, moreover, in the process of the Two Integrations [8]8 The Two Integrations (两个结合) refers to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the best of fine traditional Chinese culture. It was formally proposed by Xi Jinping in his July 1, 2021 speech marking the centenary of the CPC., has allowed the scientific thought and rays of truth of Marxism to radiate new vitality on Chinese soil. On the one hand, it adheres to the Marxist stance, viewpoint, and method, ensuring that theoretical innovation always advances along the socialist direction; on the other hand, it closely integrates with China’s specific realities and deeply merges the spiritual genes of fine traditional Chinese culture, endowing Marxism with distinct Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese manner, allowing ideological leading power to truly take root in Chinese soil. It answers the fundamental question of how cultural construction and the construction of a modernized state in the New Era can always adhere to the correct path and direction, ensuring that the construction of a strong cultural state always serves the strategic overall situation of building a strong socialist modernized state and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

思想引领力的形成，来源于理论本身的科学性，来源于马克思主义、中国化时代化马克思主义的科学性。马克思主义自诞生以来，就以科学的世界观和方法论为人类认识世界、改造世界提供强大的思想武器，其理论体系的科学性与真理性，是思想引领力形成的根本前提。马克思主义深刻揭示了自然界、人类社会、思维发展的一般规律，使其具备了跨越时空的真理力量，指明了文化服务于社会进步、人的全面发展的根本方向。中国化时代化的马克思主义，更是在“两个结合”的过程中，让马克思主义的科学思想和真理光芒在中华大地焕发新的生机。一方面，它坚守马克思主义的立场观点方法，确保理论创新始终沿着社会主义的方向前进；另一方面，它紧密结合中国具体实际，深度融合中华优秀传统文化的精神基因，赋予马克思主义鲜明的中国特色、中国风格、中国气派，让思想引领力真正扎根中国大地，解答了新时代文化建设和现代化强国建设始终坚持正确道路和方向的根本问题，确保文化强国建设始终服务于社会主义现代化强国建设和中华民族伟大复兴的战略全局。

(II) Spiritual Cohesion Is the Core of a Strong Cultural State

（二）精神凝聚力是文化强国的核心

The spiritual cohesion of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a New Era refers to the ideological consensus, emotional connection, psychological belonging, and common will formed by members of society based on shared ideals, beliefs, and goals, under the guidance of the scientific theory of Marxism and Marxism adapted to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. Spiritual cohesion is the core of a strong cultural state; it is the transformation of ideological leading power from the level of theoretical cognition to the level of social psychology and practical activity. This spiritual cohesion is not only manifested in the people’s conscious identification with and active practice of correct ideals, beliefs, and national development goals, but also in their unity of purpose and solidarity in the face of major risks and challenges. Whether responding to sudden public incidents or promoting the construction of major cultural projects, strong spiritual cohesion can rapidly gather social synergy.

新时代中国特色社会主义文化的精神凝聚力，是指在马克思主义、中国化时代化马克思主义这一科学理论的指引下，社会成员基于共同的理想信念、奋斗目标所形成的思想共识、情感联结、心理归属与共同意志。精神凝聚力是文化强国的核心，是思想引领力从理论认知层面向社会心理与实践活动层面的转化。这种精神凝聚力不仅体现为民众对正确理想信念和国家发展目标的自觉认同与主动践行，更体现为在重大风险挑战面前的同心同德、众志成城，无论是应对突发公共事件，还是推动重大文化工程建设，强大的精神凝聚力都能迅速汇聚社会合力。

The generation of spiritual cohesion is not a spontaneous or blind emotional aggregation; its core is the ideals and beliefs formed on the basis of scientific theoretical cognition. Therefore, spiritual cohesion is the objectification and internalization of ideological leading power at the level of the social subject. Without scientific ideological leadership, ideals and beliefs may fall into utopianism or misguided paths, let alone spiritual cohesion; and without ideals and beliefs that are continuously verified and strengthened in historical practice, theoretical thought can only remain at the level of theoretical cognition. In the New Era, ideals and beliefs represented by the lofty ideal of communism, the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and the dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation are the core of the spiritual cohesion of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. The lofty ideal of communism points out the historical direction in which communism will inevitably replace capitalism, indicating the highest goal and direction of struggle for communists to promote social development. The common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the specific form of the lofty ideal of communism in contemporary China. It is based on the scientific judgment that China is in and will long remain in the primary stage of socialism, clarifying the phased goal of comprehensively building a strong socialist modernized state. The dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation further highly integrates the grand narrative of national and ethnic development with the micro-narrative of individual life happiness and expectations, endowing the great dream with the contemporary connotation of achieving national prosperity, national rejuvenation, and people’s happiness, shaping a near-term vision of struggle that is perceptible, knowable, approachable, and relatable. These three constitute a hierarchical and progressive vision of struggle from the lofty ideal to the common ideal to the realistic blueprint. The key reason why ideals and beliefs can generate strong spiritual cohesion lies in the scientific nature of ideals and beliefs and the continuous advancement of social practice. From theory to ideal to belief is a deepening process from cognitive identification to emotional identification to action will. Based on the directional guidance of scientific theory, ideals and beliefs that have been repeatedly verified through practice to benefit the people can stimulate lasting and broad political identification, emotional resonance, and action consciousness, gather the ideological consensus and common will of the broad masses, form a powerful spiritual synergy to promote national development, and lay the broadest and deepest ideological foundation and strength foundation for the people in promoting the construction of a modernized state through a strong cultural state. Marxism and Marxism adapted to the Chinese context and the needs of the times provide members of society with a scientific worldview and methodology for understanding history, observing reality, and looking forward to the future, freeing the establishment of ideals and beliefs from religious blind obedience and empirical shortsightedness, making it a rational consciousness based on scientific cognition. More critically, the great practice of revolution, construction, and reform led by the Communist Party of China has continuously transformed the blueprint of ideals and beliefs into a realistic picture, proving the scientific nature of theoretical guidance and the correctness of path choice with irrefutable facts, and endowing ideals and beliefs with powerful spiritual cohesion.

精神凝聚力的生成并非自发或盲目的情感聚合，其内核是在科学理论认知基础上形成的理想信念。因此，精神凝聚力是思想引领力在社会主体层面的对象化与内在化。没有科学的思想引领，理想信念便可能陷入空想或歧途，更谈不上精神凝聚力；而没有在历史实践中不断被验证和强化的理想信念，思想理论也只能停留在理论认知层面。新时代，以共产主义远大理想、中国特色社会主义共同理想、中华民族伟大复兴梦想为代表的理想信念是中国特色社会主义文化精神凝聚力的核心。共产主义远大理想指明了共产主义必然代替资本主义的历史方向，为共产党人推动社会发展指明了最高目标与奋斗方向。中国特色社会主义共同理想，是共产主义远大理想在当代中国的具体形态，是基于中国正处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段这一基本国情的科学判断，明确了全面建成社会主义现代化强国的阶段性目标。中华民族伟大复兴梦想，进一步将国家与民族发展的宏大叙事与个体生活幸福期盼的微观叙事高度融合，赋予了伟大梦想实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福的时代内涵，塑造了一种可感可知、可近可亲的近期奋斗愿景。这三者构成了一个从远大理想到共同理想再到现实蓝图的层次分明、循序渐进的奋斗愿景。理想信念之所以能产生强大的精神凝聚力，关键在于理想信念的科学性与社会实践的不断推进。从理论到理想再到信念，是一个从认知认同到情感认同再到行动意志的深化过程。基于科学理论的方向指引，经由实践反复验证能造福人民的理想信念，才能激发持久而广泛的政治认同、情感共鸣与行动自觉，凝聚起广大民众的思想共识和共同意志，形成推动国家发展的强大精神合力，为以文化强国推动现代化强国建设筑牢人民群众最广泛、最深厚的思想基础和力量根基。马克思主义、中国化时代化马克思主义为社会成员提供了理解历史、观照现实、展望未来的科学世界观和方法论，使理想信念的确立摆脱了宗教式盲从和经验式短视，成为一种基于科学认知的理性自觉。更为关键的是，中国共产党领导人民进行的革命、建设与改革的伟大实践，持续地将理想信念的蓝图转化为现实图景，以无可辩驳的事实证明了理论指导的科学性与道路选择的正确性，更赋予了理想信念以强大的精神凝聚力。

(III) Value Appeal Is the Key Focus of a Strong Cultural State

（三）价值感召力是文化强国的重点

The value appeal of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a New Era is the key focus of a strong cultural state. “The cultural soft power of a country, fundamentally speaking, depends on the vitality, cohesion, and appeal of its core values.” [9]9 This is a quotation from Xi Jinping’s speech at the 13th collective study session of the Politburo of the 18th CPC Central Committee on February 24, 2014. Value appeal takes as its core correct values that conform to national characteristics, meet the requirements of the times, and follow the general trend of human civilization development. Through shared cultural memory, spiritual symbols, and value pursuits, it generates broad attraction, persuasion, and mobilization at the level of social psychology. Its core goal is to guide people in handling the value relationship between the individual and the collective, between the small self and the greater self, integrating personal ideals into the overall situation of national development and national rejuvenation, appealing to the value rationality and value consciousness of social members on the basis of value identification, and forming a value pursuit that unifies individual value and social value.

新时代中国特色社会主义文化的价值感召力是文化强国的重点。“一个国家的文化软实力，从根本上说，取决于其核心价值观的生命力、凝聚力、感召力。”价值感召力以符合民族特质、契合时代要求、顺应人类文明发展大势的正确价值观为内核，通过共同的文化记忆、精神标识与价值追求，在社会心理层面产生广泛的吸引、说服与动员，其核心目标是引导人们处理好个人与集体、小我与大我的价值关系，将个人理想融入国家发展与民族复兴的大局，诉诸社会成员在价值认同基础之上的价值理性与价值自觉，形成个人价值与社会价值相统一的价值追求。

The generation of value appeal lies precisely in the high unity of value concepts and social practice. In the New Era, value appeal is inseparable from the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly and the people-centered value concept embodied by the Communist Party of China in leading the people in the practice of realizing the lofty ideal, the common ideal, and the great dream.[10]10 The “lofty ideal” refers to the communist ideal; the “common ideal” refers to building socialism with Chinese characteristics; the “great dream” refers to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In the political sphere, by perfecting the institutional system that integrates the Party’s leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and law-based governance, developing whole-process people’s democracy, and ensuring that the people manage state affairs, economic and cultural undertakings, and social affairs according to law, their own rights and interests are safeguarded and realized; in the economic sphere, by promoting high-quality development, perfecting the distribution system, and striving to promote common prosperity, the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life are continuously met; in the social sphere, by building a social security system covering the entire population, advancing the equalization of basic public services, and maintaining social fairness and justice, people’s livelihoods are guaranteed and improved; in the ecological sphere, by promoting green development, the people’s needs for a sound ecological environment are satisfied. This long-term, comprehensive, and continuously advancing social practice transforms the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly and the people-centered value concept into the people’s tangible sense of gain, happiness, and security, thereby winning the broad masses’ profound value identification and conscious value practice. Value appeal based on deep identification can profoundly shape social members’ value judgments, value choices, and value practices. Value appeal guides individuals to transcend narrow attention to personal and partial interests, to embed the “small self” of their own development into the great struggle for national prosperity and national rejuvenation, inspiring people, while pursuing their legitimate personal rights and interests, to consciously assume responsibility for the country and society, to integrate personal interests into collective interests, and to integrate personal struggle into collective struggle. This value appeal awakens individuals’ collective consciousness and feelings of family and country at a higher level, deepens people’s value identification with the close connection between personal development and the rise and fall of the nation, and enlightens individuals to recognize that only in the practice of promoting social progress and enhancing public welfare can personal value and happiness be realized more fully and durably, thereby demonstrating strong value judgment, value choice, and value practice when facing risks and challenges, forming a vivid situation of “thinking with one mind and exerting strength in one direction.” Therefore, value appeal can effectively cultivate people’s correct values, sense of social responsibility, and sense of mission of the times, providing a profound value internal driving force for the country’s prosperity and development and the unity and progress of society.

价值感召力的生成，关键在于价值理念与社会实践的高度统一。新时代，价值感召力离不开中国共产党带领人民在实现远大理想、共同理想、伟大梦想的实践中体现的全心全意为人民服务的根本宗旨和以人民为中心的价值理念。在政治领域，通过健全党的领导、人民当家作主和依法治国有机统一的制度体系，发展全过程人民民主，保障人民依法管理国家事务、经济文化事业和社会事务，维护和实现自身权益；在经济领域，通过推动高质量发展、完善分配制度、着力促进共同富裕，不断满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要；在社会领域，通过构建覆盖全民的社会保障体系、推进基本公共服务均等化、维护社会公平正义，保障和改善民生；在生态领域，通过推动绿色发展，满足人民对良好生态环境的需要。这种长期、全面且持续推进的社会实践，推动全心全意为人民服务的根本宗旨、以人民为中心的价值理念转化为人民群众真真切切的获得感、幸福感、安全感，从而获得了广大人民群众深切的价值认同和自觉的价值践行。基于深度认同的价值感召力，能对社会成员的价值判断、价值选择与价值实践产生深刻的形塑作用。价值感召力引导个体超越对个人利益、局部利益的狭隘关注，将自身发展的“小我”置于国家富强、民族复兴的伟大奋斗中，激励人们在追求个人合法权益的同时，自觉承担对国家、社会的责任，将个人利益融入集体利益，将个人奋斗融入集体奋斗。这种价值感召力在更高层次上唤醒个体的集体意识与家国情怀，加深人们对个人发展与国家兴衰紧密相连的价值认同，启发个体认识到只有在推动社会进步、增进公共福祉的实践中，个人的价值与幸福才能获得更充分、更持久的实现，从而在面对风险挑战时展现出强大的价值判断力、价值选择力和价值践行力，形成“心往一处想、劲往一处使”的生动局面。因此，价值感召力能够有效培育人们的正确价值观、社会责任心与时代使命感，为国家的繁荣发展与社会的团结进步提供深厚的价值内驱力。

(4) International influence is the external manifestation of a culturally strong nation

（四）国际影响力是文化强国的外显

The international influence of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics in the New Era is the international manifestation of a culturally strong nation. International influence is an important representation of a culturally strong nation from the inside out; it is embodied not only in the degree of awareness and identification of people from various countries with socialist culture with Chinese characteristics in the New Era, but also in the communication power and attractiveness of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics in the New Era in international exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations, and even more in the constructive and contributive power of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics in the New Era to world cultural development and the progress of human civilization. “Cultural soft power and influence are important components of comprehensive national power.” In the New Era, a culturally strong nation has been endowed with richer connotations of the times; it requires not only the flourishing and prosperity of the country’s own culture and the satisfaction of the people’s growing spiritual and cultural needs for a better life, but also that Chinese culture steps onto the international stage, sends out China’s voice, tells China’s stories well, presents China’s image, forms emotional resonance, and continuously enhances its communication power, attractiveness, and appeal that transcend borders through open exchanges.

新时代中国特色社会主义文化的国际影响力是文化强国的国际彰显。国际影响力是文化强国由内而外的重要表征，既体现为各国民众对新时代中国特色社会主义文化的认知度与认同感，又体现为新时代中国特色社会主义文化在国际文明交流互鉴中的传播力与吸引力，更体现为新时代中国特色社会主义文化对世界文化发展和人类文明进步的建设性和贡献力。“文化软实力和影响力是综合国力的重要组成部分。”新时代，文化强国被赋予了更丰富的时代内涵，不仅要求本国文化繁荣兴盛、满足人民日益增长的美好精神文化需要，更要求中华文化走向国际舞台，发出中国声音、讲好中国故事、展现中国形象，形成情感共鸣，不断增强开放交流、跨越国界的传播力、吸引力、感染力。

The international influence of culture is not simply the export of cultural products or the dissemination of cultural symbols, but the process by which the Chinese values and civilizational traits carried by culture gain broad understanding, respect, and identification from the international community. It is embodied in the weight of culture’s discourse in the international public opinion arena, its degree of participation in exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations, and its contribution to the construction of global value consensus; in essence, it is the international manifestation of the Chinese spirit, Chinese strength, and the Chinese path contained in culture. This influence is an exchange and mutual learning based on equality and respect; its goal is by no means to establish cultural hegemony, but to promote openness, inclusiveness, mutual understanding, and common progress among different civilizations by contributing Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions. A truly culturally strong nation is not only an important participant in international cultural affairs, but also a constructive force promoting the building of a more just and reasonable global order; it is not only the guardian of its own culture, but also an important contributor to promoting the common development of human civilization. This is the logical externalization and highest manifestation of the spiritual charm of a culturally strong nation. In the New Era, the reason why socialist culture with Chinese characteristics can form broad international influence lies in the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture. The fine genes of traditional Chinese culture, after integration with the spirit of the New Era, radiate vitality and influence that transcend eras and national borders. The wisdom of “harmony in diversity” in dealing with the world has been transformed into the concept of exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations advocated by China in the New Era; the ideal pursuit of “a world of great harmony” has been sublimated into a world sentiment of “embracing the world with a broad mind”; the ecological concept of “unity of heaven and man” aligns with the value demands of sustainable development in the current era. These cultural values, tempered by history and the times, “go global” through various cultural carriers, both adhering to the stance of Chinese culture and responding to common human concerns, continuously forming and deepening the international effect of Chinese culture. When traditional Chinese medicine plays a role in the global fight against the pandemic, when the “24 solar terms” are inscribed on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, and when Chinese opera, integrated with modern technology, tours overseas, the spiritual charm of Chinese culture is transformed into tangible international influence.

文化的国际影响力并非单纯的文化产品输出或文化符号传播，而是文化所承载的中国价值与文明特质，获得国际社会广泛理解、尊重与认同的过程。它体现为文化在国际舆论场中的话语权重、在文明交流互鉴中的参与程度、在全球价值共识构建中的贡献力度，本质是文化所蕴含的中国精神、中国力量、中国道路的国际彰显。这种影响力是在平等尊重基础上的交流互鉴，其目标绝不是建立文化霸权，而是通过贡献中国智慧与中国方案，促进不同文明之间的开放包容、相互理解与共同进步。真正的文化强国，不仅是国际文化事务的重要参与者，更是推动构建更加公正合理全球秩序的建设性力量；不仅是自身文化的守护者，更是推动人类文明共同发展的重要贡献者。这是文化强国精神魅力的逻辑外化与最高彰显。新时代，中国特色社会主义文化能形成广泛的国际影响力，在于中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化、创新性发展。中华传统文化中的优秀基因经过与新时代精神的融合，焕发出跨越时代、超越国界的生命力和影响力。“和而不同”的处世智慧，转化为新时代中国倡导的文明交流互鉴理念；“天下大同”的理想追求，升华为“胸怀天下”的世界情怀；“天人合一”的生态理念，契合了当今时代可持续发展的价值诉求。这些经过历史与时代淬炼的文化价值，通过各类文化载体“走出去”，既坚守了中华文化立场，又回应了人类共同关切，不断形成和深化了中华文化的国际效应。当中医药在全球抗疫中发挥作用，当“二十四节气”被列入人类非物质文化遗产名录，当中华戏曲与现代技术融合后在海外巡演，中华文化的精神魅力便转化为实实在在的国际影响力。

To sum up, there exists not only an inseparable essential connection among the ideological guiding force, spiritual cohesive force, value appeal, and international influence of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a New Era, but also an internal logic of progressive development. The ideological guiding force occupies a foundational and leading position within the “four forces” system, serving as the “guiding star” that maintains the coordinated operation of the four forces. Its role runs through the entire process of spiritual cohesion, value appeal, and international communication, determining the direction of exertion and the depth of practice of the overall effectiveness of the “four forces.” Only by taking the ideological guiding force as the precursor can we, under the guidance of scientific theory, unify thought, unify will, and unify action, forming a strong spiritual cohesive force and leading the entire people to always advance along the correct direction and path. The spiritual cohesive force occupies a core position within the “four forces” system. The ideological guiding force, through the education and guidance of scientific theory and ideals and beliefs, aims to deepen identification with ideals and beliefs and form a strong spiritual cohesive force. The continuous formation and strengthening of spiritual cohesive force will promote the development of Chinese-path modernization, realize the transformation of spiritual strength into material strength, and lay an important foundation for the formation of value appeal. Value appeal is embodied not only in the appeal of core values but also, more importantly, in the appeal of lofty value-based actions. While persisting in cultivating and practicing the core socialist values and consolidating value consensus, the Communist Party of China also adheres to the people-centered value concept, transforms spiritual cohesive force into a powerful force for creating a better life for the people, and uses the practical struggle of practicing lofty values to inspire, motivate, and mobilize the people to strive for their own interests and destiny. International influence is the international manifestation of the spiritual strength of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a New Era. The better the spiritual strength formed by the convergence of the ideological guiding force, spiritual cohesive force, and value appeal of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a New Era is cultivated, condensed, promoted, and practiced, the greater its driving effect and practical power on promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization will be, and the higher its international attraction and recognition will become, thus its international influence will grow ever larger. The continuous rise of international influence will, in turn, further strengthen the ideological guiding force, spiritual cohesive force, and value appeal of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a New Era, enhance the spiritual strength of a culturally strong country, and empower and promote the comprehensive building of a great modern socialist country and the realization of the historical cause of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through a culturally strong country.

综上所述，新时代中国特色社会主义文化的思想引领力、精神凝聚力、价值感召力、国际影响力之间不仅存在不可分割的本质联系，而且存在递进发展的内在逻辑。思想引领力在“四力”体系中居于基础性、引领性地位，是维系“四力”协同运转的“定盘星”，其作用贯穿于精神凝聚、价值感召与国际传播的全过程，决定着“四力”整体效能的发挥方向与实践深度。唯有以思想引领力为先导，才能在科学理论的指导下统一思想、统一意志、统一行动，形成强大的精神凝聚力，带领全国人民始终沿着正确的方向和道路前进。精神凝聚力在“四力”体系中居于核心地位。思想引领力通过科学理论和理想信念的教育引领，旨在加深对理想信念的认同，形成强大的精神凝聚力，而精神凝聚力的不断形成和增强，会推动中国式现代化的发展，实现精神力量向物质力量的转化，为价值感召力的形成奠定重要的基础。价值感召力不仅体现为核心价值观念的感召力，更体现为崇高价值行为的感召力。中国共产党在坚持培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，凝聚价值共识的同时，还坚持人民至上的价值理念，把精神凝聚力转化为创造人民群众更加美好生活的强大力量，用践行崇高价值的奋斗实践感召、激励和动员人民群众为自己的利益和命运而奋斗。国际影响力是新时代中国特色社会主义文化精神力量的国际彰显。新时代中国特色社会主义文化的思想引领力、精神凝聚力、价值感召力汇聚而成的精神力量培育、凝聚、弘扬和践行得越好，对以中国式现代化推动中华民族伟大复兴产生的推动作用和实践伟力越大，其国际吸引力和认同度也会越来越高，国际影响力也就越来越大。国际影响力的持续攀升，又会反过来进一步增强新时代中国特色社会主义文化的思想引领力、精神凝聚力与价值感召力，提升文化强国的精神力量，以文化强国赋能和推动全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现中华民族伟大复兴的历史伟业。

III. The Practical Pathways of a Culturally Strong Country in the New Era

三、新时代文化强国的实践进路

The construction of a culturally strong country is a systematic and holistic strategic project. The most important thing is to build a socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a New Era that matches comprehensive national strength and meets the requirements of national rejuvenation. We must proceed from the reality, needs, and laws of the development of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a New Era, aim to strengthen the Party’s ideological and theoretical innovation, persist in mastering the masses with advanced thought, continuously practice the core socialist values, promote mutual learning among civilizations in multiple dimensions, strive to enhance the ideological guiding force, spiritual cohesive force, value appeal, and international influence of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a New Era, forge strong spiritual strength, and solidly advance the construction of a culturally strong country.

文化强国建设是一项系统性、整体性的战略工程，最重要的在于构建与综合国力相匹配、与民族复兴要求相适应的新时代中国特色社会主义文化。要坚持从新时代中国特色社会主义文化发展的实际、需要和规律出发，旨在加强党的思想理论创新、坚持以先进思想掌握群众、持续践行社会主义核心价值观、多维推进文明交流互鉴，着力提升新时代中国特色社会主义文化的思想引领力、精神凝聚力、价值感召力与国际影响力，铸强精神力量，扎实推进文化强国建设。

(I) Emphasizing the Party’s Ideological and Theoretical Innovation

（一）注重党的思想理论创新

The Party’s ideological and theoretical innovation is the fundamental prerequisite for the construction of a culturally strong country in the New Era. “Practice has no end, and theoretical innovation has no end either.” The Party’s ideological and theoretical innovation is a strategic task accompanying the entire process of building a culturally strong country. Its scientific nature and innovativeness directly determine the guiding and advanced nature of the ideology and theory for building a culturally strong country, and concern the theoretical depth, practical breadth, and epochal height of building a culturally strong country. Based on the contemporary world, emphasizing the Party’s ideological and theoretical innovation is not only an inevitable requirement for responding to the turbulence of complex social trends of thought, but also an inherent requirement for always upholding the Party’s cultural leadership, consolidating the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological domain, and unswervingly following the path of socialist cultural development with Chinese characteristics.

党的思想理论创新是新时代文化强国建设的根本前提。“实践没有止境，理论创新也没有止境。”党的思想理论创新是一项伴随文化强国建设全过程的战略任务，其科学性与创新性直接决定文化强国建设思想理论的引领性与先进性，关乎文化强国建设的理论深度、实践广度与时代高度。立足当今世界，注重党的思想理论创新既是应对复杂社会思潮激荡的必然要求，也是始终坚持党的文化领导权、巩固马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位、坚定不移走中国特色社会主义发展道路的内在要求。

The Party’s ideological and theoretical innovation must adhere to the fundamental method of the “Two Integrations.”[11]11 The “Two Integrations” (两个结合) refers to the principle of integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the best of traditional Chinese culture, first formally proposed by Xi Jinping in his July 1, 2021 speech marking the centenary of the CPC. The generation and strengthening of ideological guiding force are rooted in the practicality, innovativeness, and scientific nature of the ideological and theoretical system. The Party’s ideological and theoretical innovation in the New Era must adhere to integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the best of traditional Chinese culture, explore the laws of governance by the Communist Party of China in the New Era, the laws of socialist construction, and the laws of human social development, deeply respond to the questions of China, the questions of the world, the questions of the people, and the questions of the times, continuously promote adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, deepen scientific theoretical innovation, arm people’s minds with the Party’s innovative theories, solve epochal issues, and lead practical development; we must persist in combining the ideological essence of Marxism with the essence of fine traditional Chinese culture, deeply understand the laws of development of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a New Era, accurately grasp the direction of constructing socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a New Era, absorb the outstanding achievements of human civilization in the process of promoting the Sinicization of Marxism and the modernization of fine traditional Chinese culture, continuously enrich and develop the theoretical system of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, and provide solid and sustained theoretical guidance and ideological nourishment for building a culturally strong country and socialist modernization.

党的思想理论创新必须坚持“两个结合”的根本方法。思想引领力的生成与强化，根植于思想理论体系的实践性、创新性与科学性。新时代党的思想理论创新，要坚持马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合，探索新时代中国共产党执政规律、社会主义建设规律、人类社会发展规律，深度回应中国之问、世界之问、人民之问、时代之问，不断推动马克思主义中国化时代化，深化科学理论创新，用党的创新理论武装人们的头脑，解答时代课题，引领实践发展；要坚持把马克思主义的思想精髓同中华优秀传统文化精华相结合，深刻认识新时代中国特色社会主义文化发展规律，准确把握新时代中国特色社会主义文化建设方向，在推进马克思主义中国化和中华优秀传统文化现代化的过程中，吸收人类文明优秀成果，不断丰富和发展中国特色社会主义文化理论体系，为文化强国和社会主义现代化建设提供坚实而持续的理论引领与思想滋养。

The Party’s ideological and theoretical innovation must possess a distinct people’s standpoint and practice orientation. The primary task of the Party’s ideological and theoretical innovation is to adhere to the people’s standpoint, always be people-centered, focus on proceeding from the fundamental interests of the people, summarize the social practice experience of the people, absorb the rich ideological nourishment of the people, enhance the people’s right to speak in theoretical innovation, and take the people’s social practice as the fundamental criterion for testing theoretical innovation, test and develop innovative theories in the people’s social practice, and better safeguard and realize the fundamental interests of the broadest masses of the people. At the same time, the Party’s ideological and theoretical innovation must adhere to a practice orientation, base itself on the development of the times, grasp the pulse of the times, and respond to the concerns of the times. It must not only take root in Chinese soil, accurately grasp the principal contradiction of the New Era and its laws, but also align with the trend of the times, keenly capturing the trends of changes in the global landscape. In the New Era, the construction of a culturally strong country faces a series of new issues such as digital transformation, changes in social structure, and diversification of values. The Party’s ideological and theoretical innovation must base itself on new practical scenarios, make theoretical responses and ideological interpretations to new problems and new challenges in modernization; it must focus on prominent contradictions in the construction of a culturally strong country, such as the coordinated development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries, the creative transformation and innovative development of traditional culture, and the harmonious coexistence of mainstream culture and diverse cultures, use Marxist standpoints, viewpoints, and methods to analyze cultural phenomena, reveal cultural laws, guide cultural practice, enhance the foresight and leading nature of the Party’s theoretical innovation achievements, and better lead and promote the construction of a culturally strong country and a great modern socialist country in the New Era.

党的思想理论创新须具备鲜明的人民立场与实践导向。党的思想理论创新，首要的就是坚持人民立场，始终以人民为中心，注重从人民群众的根本利益出发，总结人民群众的社会实践经验、吸收人民群众的丰富思想营养、提升人民群众理论创新的话语权，并以人民群众的社会实践作为检验理论创新的根本标准，在人民群众的社会实践中检验和发展创新理论，更好地维护和实现最广大人民群众的根本利益。同时，党的思想理论创新必须坚持实践导向、立足时代发展、把握时代脉搏、回应时代关切，既要扎根中国大地，精准把握新时代的主要矛盾及其规律，又要契合时代发展潮流，敏锐捕捉全球格局变化的趋势。新时代，文化强国建设面临数字化转型、社会结构变迁、价值观念多元等一系列新课题。党的思想理论创新要立足新的实践场景，对现代化建设中的新问题、新挑战作出理论回应与思想阐释；要聚焦文化强国建设中的突出矛盾，如文化事业与文化产业的协调发展、传统文化的创造性转化与创新性发展、主流文化与多元文化和谐共生等问题，用马克思主义立场观点方法分析文化现象、揭示文化规律、指导文化实践，增强党的理论创新成果的前瞻性与引领性，更好地引领和推动新时代文化强国和社会主义现代化强国建设。

(II) Persisting in Mastering the Masses with Advanced Thought

（二）坚持以先进思想掌握群众

Persisting in mastering the masses with advanced thought is the key to consolidating the mass foundation for the construction of a culturally strong country in the New Era and is a crucial pathway for enhancing the spiritual cohesive force of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, “Thought is power,” and “Once advanced thought and culture are mastered by the masses, they will be transformed into powerful material force; conversely, if backward and erroneous concepts are not eradicated, they will become shackles on social development and progress.” Only when advanced thought is identified with, internalized, and practiced by the broad masses can it be transformed into a powerful spiritual and material force driving cultural and social development. Mastering the masses with advanced thought is a process of ideological and political education practice characterized by theoretical innovation as the precursor, ideological guidance as the core, the needs of the masses as the orientation, and two-way interaction, involving the popularization of Marxism among the masses and the transformation of the masses by Marxism. Its core essence lies in realizing the organic unity of advanced thought and mass practice. It must not only enhance individual understanding but also consolidate mass consensus, so that advanced ideological theory is transformed into the common spiritual pursuit and conscious action of the masses, continuously strengthening the spiritual cohesive force for building a great modern socialist country.

坚持以先进思想掌握群众是铸牢新时代文化强国建设的群众根基，是增强中国特色社会主义文化精神凝聚力的关键路径。习近平总书记指出，“思想就是力量”，“先进的思想文化一旦被群众掌握，就会转化为强大的物质力量；反之，落后的、错误的观念如果不破除，就会成为社会发展进步的桎梏”。先进思想只有被广大群众所认同、所内化、所践行，才能转化为推动文化和社会发展的强大精神力量和物质力量。先进思想掌握群众是一个以理论创新为先导、以思想引领为核心、以群众需求为导向、以双向互动为特征的马克思主义大众化和马克思主义化大众的思想政治教育实践过程，其核心要义在于实现先进思想与群众实践的有机统一，不仅要提升个体认识，更要凝聚群众共识，使先进的思想理论转化为群众共同的精神追求与行动自觉，不断增强社会主义现代化强国建设的精神凝聚力。

The prerequisite for mastering the masses with advanced thought is to realize the popularized transformation and mass dissemination of the discourse of innovative Marxist theory, so as to propel advanced thought to be grasped by the masses. Advanced thought often possesses profound theoretical connotations and a rigorous logical system. If it remains only at the level of academic and abstract expression, it will be difficult for the broad masses to understand and accept. Therefore, to advance the mastery of the masses with advanced thought, it is necessary to transform scientific theory into ideals and convictions, to transform the lofty ideal and the common ideal into the great dream, and to construct a system of theoretical dissemination discourse that is compatible with the masses’ cognitive level, discourse habits, and life experience. While keeping the core essence of the theory unchanged, one should use language forms, modes of thinking, habits of expression, and discourse styles that the masses are pleased to hear and see, transforming abstract theoretical concepts into concrete and perceptible vivid discourse, and transforming grand and profound value narratives into intimate and approachable life narratives. At the same time, in today’s era of rapid development in information technology, the channels through which the masses obtain information are becoming increasingly diversified, stratified, and fragmented. To advance the mastery of the masses with advanced thought, it is necessary to conform to the development trends of digital and intelligent media, and to construct an all-round, three-dimensional, and multi-level system for disseminating advanced thought and culture. This both consolidates the core position of mainstream media, leveraging their advantages of authority and credibility, and brings into play the dissemination advantages of new media platforms. Through forms such as short videos, live streaming, and social media interaction, it enhances the interest, vividness, interactivity, and effectiveness of theoretical dissemination, enabling advanced thought to truly enter the hearts and minds of the masses and become a thought weapon for the masses to understand and transform the world.

以先进思想掌握群众的前提是实现马克思主义创新理论话语的通俗化转化与大众化传播，推动先进思想为人民群众所掌握。先进思想往往具有深刻的理论内涵与严密的逻辑体系，若仅仅停留在学术化、抽象化的表达层面，便难以被广大群众所理解和接受。因此，推进以先进思想掌握群众，就要把科学理论转化为理想信念，把远大理想、共同理想转化为伟大梦想，构建与群众认知水平、话语习惯、生活体验相适应的理论传播话语体系，在保持理论核心要义不变的前提下，运用群众喜闻乐见的语言形式、思维方式、表达习惯和话语风格，将抽象的理论概念转化为具体可感的生动话语，将宏大深奥的价值叙事转化为亲切亲和的生活叙事。与此同时，在信息化技术快速发展的今天，群众获取信息的渠道日益多元化、圈层化、碎片化。推进先进思想掌握群众，必须顺应数智媒体发展趋势，构建全方位、立体性、多层次的先进思想文化传播体系。这既巩固了主流媒体的核心阵地，发挥其权威性、公信力优势，又发挥了新媒体平台的传播优势，通过短视频、直播、社交媒体互动等形式，增强理论传播的趣味性、生动性、交互性、实效性，使先进思想真正走进群众的心灵，成为人民群众认识和改造世界的思想武器。

The key to mastering the masses with advanced thought lies in stimulating the masses’ subjectivity and initiative, guiding the masses to transform the advanced thought they have grasped into a material force that drives practical development. The internalization and practice of thought cannot be separated from the conscious identification and active participation of the masses. To advance the mastery of the masses with advanced thought, it is necessary to abandon the mindset of one-way indoctrination, establish a collaborative concept of “linking the upper and lower levels, coordinating interaction,” regard the masses as the subjects of theoretical and ideological construction, fully respect the masses’ subject position, respond to the masses’ concerns, answer the masses’ questions, tap into the wisdom and experience of the masses in ideological and cultural construction, and form a benign interactive pattern of “advanced thought leading the masses, the masses enriching advanced thought.” By stimulating the masses’ initiative, advanced thought can truly integrate into the daily lives of the masses and be transformed into the masses’ value pursuits, spiritual motivation, and conscious action. The effectiveness of mastering the masses with advanced thought depends crucially on whether it can be transformed into the masses’ concrete actions to promote the building of a great modern socialist country. Therefore, to advance the mastery of the masses with advanced thought, one must always adhere to a practice orientation, consolidate practical consensus, organically combine thought guidance with practical development, and focus on integrating advanced thought into concrete practices such as social governance, production and life, and cultural construction. This enables the masses to deepen their understanding of advanced thought in practice, achieve self-improvement in practicing advanced thought, and gather the broadest and deepest mass strength for building a great modern socialist country.

以先进思想掌握群众的关键在于激发群众的主体性和主动性，引导群众将掌握的先进思想转化为推动实践发展的物质力量。思想的内化与践行，离不开群众的自觉认同和主动参与。推进以先进思想掌握群众，必须摒弃单向灌输思维，树立“上下联动、协调互动”的协同理念，把群众视为思想理论建设的主体，充分尊重群众的主体地位，回应群众关切、解答群众疑问，挖掘群众在思想文化建设中的智慧与经验，形成“先进思想引领群众、群众丰富先进思想”的良性互动格局。通过激发群众的主动性，使先进思想真正融入群众的日常生活，转化为群众的价值追求、精神动力与行动自觉。以先进思想掌握群众的成效，关键要看是否能转化为群众推动社会主义现代化强国建设的实际行动。因此，推进以先进思想掌握群众要始终坚持实践导向，凝聚实践共识，把思想引领与实践发展有机结合起来，注重将先进思想融入社会治理、生产生活、文化建设等具体实践中，使群众在实践中深化对先进思想的理解，在践行先进思想中实现自我提升，为社会主义现代化强国建设凝聚最广泛、最深厚的群众力量。

(3) Continuously Practicing the Core Socialist Values

（三）持续践行社会主义核心价值观

Continuously practicing the core socialist values is an inevitable path to enhancing the value appeal of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. The core of culture is values. Values are not only the spiritual kernel of culture but also the top priority in culture’s function of moistening the heart and educating people. In the New Era, the core socialist values integrate the value essence of fine traditional Chinese culture, revolutionary culture, and advanced socialist culture. Among them, putting the people first is the core value kernel that runs through the whole, and it is the concentrated unity of the value of the “small self” and the “big self.” Practicing the core socialist values with putting the people first as the core is a process of transforming value concepts into social consensus, institutional norms, and individual behavior. The most important thing is to internalize the core value concept of putting the people first in the heart, externalize it in action, and assimilate it into the group, providing correct value navigation, a solid value foundation, and a strong spiritual bond for building a great modern socialist country.

持续践行社会主义核心价值观，是增强中国特色社会主义文化价值感召力的必然路径。文化的核心是价值观，价值观不仅是文化的精神内核，更是文化发挥润心育人功能的重中之重。新时代，社会主义核心价值观整合了中华优秀传统文化、革命文化与社会主义先进文化的价值精华。其中，人民至上是贯穿始终的核心价值内核，是“小我”与“大我”价值的集中统一。践行以人民至上为核心的社会主义核心价值观，是一个将价值理念转化为社会共识、制度规范、个体行为的过程，最重要的是将人民至上的核心价值理念内化于心、外化于行、同化于群，为社会主义现代化强国建设提供正确的价值导航、坚实的价值基础和强大的精神纽带。

Continuously practicing the core socialist values is actually a process of culture moistening the heart and educating people. The influence of culture on people has the characteristics of being subtle, imperceptible, and silent. It is necessary to rely on and leverage the functions of culture’s implicit penetration, emotional connection, aesthetic edification, and life experience to achieve the deep integration of value concepts and social practice. By integrating the core socialist values into the entire process of cultural creation, cultural dissemination, cultural activities, and cultural education, they are transformed into perceptible cultural symbols, experienceable emotional resonance, and participatory practical scenarios. In the process of culture moistening the heart, individuals enhance their cognition of the core socialist values through the aesthetic experience of literary and artistic works, deepen their identification with the core socialist values through participation and interaction in cultural activities, and internalize the core value concepts into their own spiritual pursuits and behavioral norms through daily life practice, completing the transformation from “knowing” to “believing” to “acting.” This enables the core socialist values to truly become the spiritual nourishment that nourishes the people’s hearts and guides their life development.

持续践行社会主义核心价值观实际上是文化润心育人的过程。文化对人的影响具有潜移默化、润物无声的特点，需依托和发挥文化的隐性渗透、情感联结、审美熏陶与生活体验功能，实现价值理念与社会实践的深度融入。通过将社会主义核心价值观融入文化创作、文化传播、文化活动与文化教育的全过程，使其转化为可感知的文化符号、可体验的情感共鸣、可参与的实践场景。在文化润心的过程中，个体通过文艺作品的审美体验增进对社会主义核心价值观的认知，通过文化活动的参与互动深化对社会主义核心价值观的认同，通过日常生活实践将核心价值理念内化为自身的精神追求与行为准则，完成从“知”到“信”再到“行”的转化，使社会主义核心价值观真正成为滋养民众心灵、引领人生发展的精神养分。

Continuously practicing the core socialist values requires constructing an all-round, multi-level system for cultivating and practicing the core socialist values, achieving the deep integration of value concepts and social life. Society is a broad field for practicing values. The vitality of the core socialist values lies in their relevance, coherence, and applicability to social life. Only by integrating into social practice, social governance, public services, and daily life can they truly become the inherent guidelines of social life. At the level of social practice, the core socialist values should be integrated into the determination of expected practical goals, the deepening of the practical struggle process, and the adjustment of actual interest relations, so that social practice always becomes a process of guiding, establishing, and practicing correct value orientations. At the level of social governance, the requirements of the core socialist values should be transformed into specific governance principles and evaluation criteria, running through links such as policy formulation, grassroots governance, and public affairs decision-making, so that behaviors conforming to the core socialist values are encouraged and supported, and behaviors violating the core socialist values are regulated and constrained. At the level of public services, the core socialist values should be integrated into the construction of the public cultural service system. Through the functional design of public cultural facilities and the value orientation of service content, the people can naturally receive value edification while enjoying spiritual and cultural services. At the level of daily life, through the coordination mechanism of family, society, and school education, the people should be guided to transform the core socialist values into personal morality, family virtues, professional ethics, and social ethics, becoming value norms and practical guidelines that are used daily without conscious awareness.

持续践行社会主义核心价值观，需要构建全方位、多层次的核心价值观培育践行体系，实现价值理念与社会生活的深度融合。社会是价值观践行的广阔场域，社会主义核心价值观的生命力在于其与社会生活的关联性、贯通性、适用性，唯有融入社会实践、社会治理、公共服务与日常生活，才能真正成为社会生活的内在遵循。在社会实践层面，将社会主义核心价值观融入实践预期目标的确定、实践奋斗过程的深化和实际利益关系的调适，使社会实践始终成为引导、确立和践行正确价值取向的过程。在社会治理层面，将社会主义核心价值观的要求转化为具体的治理原则与评价标准，贯穿政策制定、基层治理、公共事务决策等环节，使符合社会主义核心价值观的行为得到鼓励与支持，违背社会主义核心价值观的行为受到规范与约束。在公共服务层面，将社会主义核心价值观融入公共文化服务体系建设，通过公共文化设施的功能设计、服务内容的价值导向，让民众在享受精神文化服务的过程中自然而然地受到价值熏陶。在日常生活层面，通过家庭、社会、学校教育的协同机制，引导民众将社会主义核心价值观转化为个人品德、家庭美德、职业道德和社会公德，成为日用而不觉的价值准则和实践遵循。

(4) Advancing Exchanges and Mutual Learning Among Civilizations in Multiple Dimensions

（四）多维推进文明交流互鉴

Advancing exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations in multiple dimensions is an important dimension of building a cultural power in the New Era and a key pathway to enhancing the international influence of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations are both an inherent requirement for building a cultural power and an important manifestation of China’s international discourse power. Their core essence lies in adhering to the equality of civilizations, inclusiveness and mutual learning, participating in global cultural governance with the unique charm of Chinese culture, and demonstrating the responsibility and commitment of a socialist cultural power with Chinese characteristics in the process of promoting the progress of human civilization.

多维推进文明交流互鉴是新时代文化强国建设的重要维度，是提升中国特色社会主义文化国际影响力的关键路径。文明交流互鉴既是建设文化强国的内在要求，也是中国国际话语权的重要体现，其核心要义在于坚持文明平等、包容互鉴，以中国文化的独特魅力参与全球文化治理，在推动人类文明进步的过程中，彰显中国特色社会主义文化强国的责任与担当。

The prerequisite for exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations is to uphold the subjectivity and uniqueness of Chinese culture. “For any culture to stand firm and travel far, to have guiding power, cohesive power, shaping power, and radiating power, it must possess its own subjectivity.” The international influence of a culture with Chinese characteristics stems from its unique values and distinctive features; cultural exchange that loses its subjectivity will inevitably fall into a dependent cultural predicament. Upholding the subjectivity of Chinese culture does not mean being closed, conservative, or rejecting foreign civilizations, but rather maintaining one’s own cultural independence and value autonomy in cultural exchanges, and participating in world civilizational dialogue on the basis of one’s own cultural uniqueness. This requires that, in the process of civilizational exchanges and mutual learning, we must enhance cultural confidence, clearly recognize the unique position and important value of Chinese culture in human civilization, deeply excavate the contemporary value of fine traditional Chinese culture, inherit the spiritual genes of revolutionary culture, promote the core connotations of advanced socialist culture, and construct a cultural system with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese manner.

文明交流互鉴的前提是坚守中华文化的主体性与独特性。“任何文化要立得住、行得远，要有引领力、凝聚力、塑造力、辐射力，就必须有自己的主体性。”中国特色社会主义文化的国际影响力，源于其文化的独特价值与鲜明特色，失去主体性的文化交流，必然陷入依附性的文化困境。坚守中华文化的主体性，并非封闭保守、排斥外来文明，而是在文化交流中保持自身文化独立与价值自主，以自身文化的独特性为基础参与世界文明对话。这要求在文明交流互鉴过程中，要增强文化自信，清醒认识中华文化在人类文明中的独特地位与重要价值，深入挖掘中华优秀传统文化的时代价值，传承革命文化的精神基因，弘扬社会主义先进文化的核心内涵，构建具有中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的文化体系。

Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations require the construction of a diverse, multi-dimensional, open, and inclusive cultural exchange system. Effective cultural exchange is an important means of enhancing the international influence of a culture with Chinese characteristics. On the one hand, we must build a pattern of cultural exchange characterized by “multi-participation and three-dimensional coverage.” In terms of the subjects of cultural exchange, we should encourage enterprises, social organizations, non-governmental forces, and other diverse subjects to participate in international cultural exchange, forming a synergy of cultural exchange where the government and the people work together. In terms of the content of cultural exchange, we should discard the dissemination of single cultural symbols; we must not only exchange and disseminate cultural achievements such as fine traditional Chinese culture, revolutionary culture, and advanced socialist culture, but also exchange and disseminate the value concepts, development path, and institutional advantages of socialism with Chinese characteristics, so that people of all countries in the world can better understand China, identify with China, and respect China. In terms of the channels of cultural exchange, we should fully leverage the advantages of media-integrated exchange and dissemination, constructing communication channels where traditional media and emerging media, online dissemination and offline exchange complement each other’s strengths; we must not only consolidate the dissemination positions of mainstream international media, but also be adept at using emerging communication channels such as overseas social media and short-video platforms. On the other hand, we must construct an open and inclusive cultural exchange system, adopting an open attitude to encourage people from all walks of life in the international community to “go to various places in China to walk around and look around, and objectively and truthfully tell the world the story of China, tell the story of the Chinese Communist Party, and tell the story of the New Era we are experiencing.” [14]14 This quotation is from Xi Jinping’s speech at the 30th group study session of the Political Bureau of the 20th CPC Central Committee in 2023, emphasizing the importance of people-to-people exchanges in international communication. For example, supported by policies such as short-term visa exemptions, we should provide convenient conditions for foreigners to come to China for exchanges, visits, and tourism, building a practical platform for the international community to experience Chinese culture up close, directly feel, observe, and understand China’s social landscape and value concepts, so that the telling of China’s story breaks away from stereotypical and labeled expressions. Compared with the information transmission centered on the communicator in traditional communication models, communication content such as selfie videos formed by others from different cultural backgrounds based on their personal experiences possesses greater objectivity and authenticity, and can more effectively resolve the cultural estrangement and cognitive biases brought about by the international media’s “demonization” of China, thereby enhancing the image-shaping power and international influence of building a strong socialist modernized nation.

文明交流互鉴需构建多元立体、开放包容的文化交流体系。有效的文化交流是提升中国特色社会主义文化国际影响力的重要手段。一方面，构建“多元参与、立体覆盖”的文化交流格局。在文化交流主体上，鼓励企业、社会组织、民间力量等多元主体参与国际文化交流，形成政府与民间协同发力的文化交流合力。在文化交流内容上，摒弃单一的文化符号传播，既要交流传播中华优秀传统文化、革命文化、社会主义先进文化等文化成果，又要交流传播中国特色社会主义的价值理念、发展道路、制度优势，使世界各国人民更好地理解中国、认同中国、尊重中国。在文化交流渠道上，充分发挥媒体融合交流传播的优势，构建传统媒体与新兴媒体、线上传播与线下交流优势互补的传播渠道，既要巩固国际主流媒体的传播阵地，又要善于运用海外社交媒体、短视频平台等新兴传播渠道。另一方面，构建开放包容的文化交流体系，以开放姿态倡导国际社会各界人士“多到中国各地走一走、看一看，客观真实向世界讲好中国故事，讲好中国共产党故事，讲好我们正在经历的新时代故事”。譬如，以短期免签等政策为支撑，为外国人来华交流、访问、旅游提供便利化条件，为国际社会搭建近距离感知中国文化的实践平台，直接感受、观察、理解中国的社会风貌与价值理念，使中国故事的讲述脱离刻板化与标签化表达。相较于传统传播模式中以传播者为中心的信息传递，来自不同文化背景的他者基于亲身经历形成的自拍视频等传播内容，更具客观性与真实性，更能有效化解国际传媒“妖魔化”中国带来的文化隔阂与认知偏差，进而提升社会主义现代化强国建设的形象塑造力与国际影响力。