Reflections on AI Empowering the Precise Development of Ideological and Political Education in Higher Education Institutions

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has attached great importance to ideological and political work in higher education institutions. Focusing on the fundamental question of education—what kind of people to cultivate, how to cultivate them, and for whom to cultivate them—it has put forward a series of new concepts, new ideas, and new viewpoints. The ideological and political work in China’s higher education institutions has evolved in response to events, advanced with the times, and innovated according to circumstances, successively giving rise to new forms and models such as curriculum-based ideological and political education and micro-level ideological and political education. The National Education Work Conference held in 2019 explicitly stated the need to “vigorously advance precise ideological and political education” [1]1 The National Education Work Conference, held in 2019, was a high-level meeting convened by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to set the direction for education reform and development in China. “Precise ideological and political education” (精准思政) refers to a targeted approach to ideological and political education that uses data and technology to tailor content to individual students’ needs.. The precise development of ideological and political education in higher education institutions, or precise ideological and political education, is a new form of ideological and political education in higher education institutions. It aims to address issues such as insufficient precision, weak targeting, and a mismatch between the supply and demand of educational content in ideological and political education in higher education institutions. Artificial intelligence can be divided into the foundational layer, the technical layer, and the application layer according to its technological logic. The foundational layer is the theoretical and hardware level composed of big data, algorithms, and hardware facilities; the technical layer is the level containing general processing methods such as natural language processing, computer vision, and speech recognition; the application layer, based on the support of the foundational and technical layers, applies artificial intelligence to solve specific problems in real life, such as smart homes, intelligent driving, and robotics. Artificial intelligence has inherent advantages in precision, coordination, and adaptation [2]2 “拔节育穗期” (bájié yùsuì qī): A metaphor from agriculture, referring to the critical growth stage of crops (jointing and booting), used by Chinese leaders to describe the formative adolescent period when young people’s values and beliefs are developing., enabling it to empower the precise development of ideological and political education in higher education institutions and subtly change students’ ideological concepts.

党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视高校思想政治工作，围绕培养什么人、怎样培养人、为谁培养人这一教育的根本问题，提出了一系列新理念新思想新观点。我国高校思想政治工作因事而化、因时而进、因势而新，先后出现了课程思政、微思政等新形态新模式。2019年召开的全国教育工作会议明确提出，要“着力推进精准思政”[1]。高校思想政治教育精准化或精准思政是高校思想政治教育的一种新形态，旨在解决高校思想政治教育精准度不够、针对性不强、教育内容供需不匹配等问题。人工智能按照技术逻辑可分为基础层、技术层和应用层。基础层是由大数据、算法及硬件设施构成的理论与硬件层面；技术层是包含自然语言处理、计算机视觉及语音识别等通用处理方法的层面；应用层是基于基础层和技术层的支持，将人工智能应用于解决现实生活中具体问题的层面，如智能家居、智能驾驶、机器人等。人工智能在精准、协同和适应方面具有先天优势[2]，能够赋能高校思想政治教育精准化发展，在潜移默化中改变学生的思想观念。

I. Advantages of AI Empowering the Precise Development of Ideological and Political Education in Higher Education Institutions

一、人工智能赋能高校思想政治教育精准化发展的优势

1. It is conducive to enhancing the timeliness of the precise development of ideological and political education in higher education institutions. Ideological and political education in higher education institutions is a multi-level, multi-element, and dynamic complex process. Both changes in the domestic and international environment and situation, as well as the development of open and convenient modern media technologies, profoundly impact ideological and political education in higher education institutions. Driven by new media and new technologies, student data is continuously generated on various smart terminals, mobile devices, and sensors. The sheer volume of data, the speed of transmission, and the richness of information types make the corresponding data processing work extremely heavy. “In a dynamic educational environment, the timeliness of ideological and political work often greatly affects educational outcomes” [3]3 The 20th National Congress of the CPC: The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, held in October 2022, which set the Party’s guiding principles and policies for the next five years.. This means that the faster and more efficiently ideological and political education workers in higher education institutions process student data and teaching data, the more promptly they can grasp the new laws and new characteristics contained in the data, thereby clarifying the difficulties of ideological and political education work and resolving the “itching points” and “pain points” of students’ ideological confusion. The application of artificial intelligence not only expands the scope of educational data collection and deepens the depth of data mining but also improves the work efficiency of ideological and political education workers in higher education institutions, making the entire ideological and political education process more efficient. This is specifically reflected in three aspects: First, artificial intelligence can enhance teachers’ work efficiency. Artificial intelligence can assist teachers in completing many basic tasks that require mental memory and information retrieval, such as homework collection, random testing, and grading. This frees teachers from heavy routine work, allowing them more time to invest in teaching research, promptly understand students’ learning situations and ideological changes, approach students, care for students, effectively solve students’ personalized problems, and shorten the distance between themselves and students. Second, artificial intelligence can efficiently process ideological and political education data. The GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) in artificial intelligence chips is a massively parallel processing unit with thousands of cores, more suitable for processing intensive data, far surpassing the CPU (Central Processing Unit), which has only dozens of parallel processing units and follows a serial execution method. This greatly enhances the speed of existing artificial intelligence algorithms, placing the precision of ideological and political education in higher education institutions in a real-time dynamic change process. Third, intelligent cross-media data recognition technology shortens the chain of ideological and political education in higher education institutions. Intelligent cross-media data recognition technology can break through the limitations of single-media information processing, comprehensively collect multi-source, multi-dimensional, and multi-data-type information related to students, thereby breaking through data silos, linking data together, improving data utilization efficiency, and conveniently and efficiently completing the “precise profiling” of educational objects, greatly shortening the chain of ideological and political education in higher education institutions.

1. 有利于提升高校思想政治教育精准化发展的时效性。高校思想政治教育是一个多层次、多元素、动态性的复杂过程，无论是国内外的环境及形势变化，还是开放便捷的现代媒体技术的发展，都会给高校思想政治教育带来深刻的影响。在新媒体新技术的助推下，学生数据在各种智能终端、移动设备和传感器上源源不断地产生，其数据总量之大、传输速度之快和信息种类之丰富，导致相应的数据处理工作极其繁重。“在动态变化的教育环境中，思想政治工作的时效性往往极大影响着教育效果。”[3]这就是说，高校思想政治教育工作者处理学生数据和教学数据的速度越快、效率越高，就越能及时抓住数据中蕴含的新规律新特点，从而明晰思想政治教育工作的难点，解决学生思想困惑的“痒点”和“痛点”。人工智能的应用不仅扩大了教育数据收集的范围、加大了数据挖掘的深度，而且提高了高校思想政治教育工作者的工作效率，使得整个思想政治教育过程变得更加高效。这具体体现在三个方面：一是人工智能能够提升教师的工作效率。人工智能能够协助教师完成许多需要脑力记忆和信息读取的基础性工作，比如作业收集、随机考试、成绩批改等。这使得教师能够从繁重的常规性工作中解放出来，有更多的时间投入教学研究，及时了解学生的学习情况和思想变化，走近学生、关照学生，有效解决学生的个性化问题，缩短与学生之间的距离。二是人工智能能够高效地处理思想政治教育数据。人工智能芯片中的GPU（Graphic Processing Unit，图形处理器）是具有数千个内核的大规模并行处理单元，更适合对密集型数据进行处理，远远超越了只有几十个并行处理单元遵循串行执行方式的CPU（Central Processing Unit，中央处理器）。这极大提升了现有人工智能算法的速度，使高校思想政治教育精准化处于一个实时动态变化的过程。三是智能的跨媒体数据识别技术缩短了高校思想政治教育的链条。智能的跨媒体数据识别技术能够突破单一媒体信息处理的局限，综合采集与学生相关的多源、多维度、多数据类型的信息，从而突破数据孤岛，将数据联动起来，提升数据的利用效率，便捷、高效地完成对教育对象的“精准画像”，大大缩短了高校思想政治教育的链条。

2. It is conducive to enhancing the intelligence of the precise development of ideological and political education in higher education institutions. Compared with big data, the biggest characteristic of artificial intelligence is its intelligence. Artificial intelligence has cognitive functions; it is not a static set of artificial code but an algorithmic structure that can continuously “evolve” and “self”-optimize based on specific data conditions. It can keep its own algorithmic model in an optimal state, thereby effectively avoiding a “foolish” state where data utilization decreases due to program errors or unexpected situations that prevent a response. People’s ideological conditions are complex and changeable, and the digital traces they generate are also ever-changing. Faced with such complex and vast educational data, artificial intelligence can adjust and optimize the algorithmic structure according to the characteristics of the educational object, thereby precisely targeting the target and providing high-quality educational content. This is conducive to enhancing the intelligence of the precise development of ideological and political education in higher education institutions. At the technological logic level, artificial intelligence enhances the intelligence of the precise development of ideological and political education in higher education institutions through an evolutionary algorithmic structure, mainly based on two aspects. First, it is based on a large amount of ideological and political education data. In the process of collecting, processing, and analyzing data, artificial intelligence learns and masters more experience, effectively promoting the optimization and updating of the algorithmic structure of ideological and political education in higher education institutions. Second, it completes evolution based on its own algorithm. When the total amount of data is sufficient, artificial intelligence can use neural network technology to build multi-layer neural networks, simulate students’ possible behavioral trajectories and ideological conditions, and propose targeted teaching methods to adjust and optimize the algorithmic structure. Therefore, with the dual support of “data + algorithm,” the algorithmic capability of artificial intelligence grows rapidly, making it increasingly adept at processing data, understanding students’ thoughts and feelings, and then promptly, precisely, and intelligently solving students’ ideological, behavioral, and psychological problems. Specifically, first, facial recognition technology, through the extraction and comparison of features from students’ micro-expressions, can not only identify and predict students’ real and hidden emotions but also judge students’ level of attention and activity in the classroom, presenting students’ real classroom experience in a visual way. This helps teachers understand students’ preferences and promptly improve educational strategies. Second, natural language processing technology, supported by large-scale corpora and deep learning technology, can perform semantic analysis, semantic conversion, and information mining on the communication language between humans and machines, thereby exploring more laws of ideological and political education from unstructured and semi-structured data such as charts, texts, and videos. Third, intelligent recognition technology can accurately identify “noise” and “interference” from the infiltration of Western values during the ideological and political education process and filter them out, ensuring the correctness of the content of ideological and political education.

2. 有利于提升高校思想政治教育精准化发展的智慧性。与大数据相比，人工智能最大的特点是智能性。人工智能具有认知功能，它不是一成不变的人工代码，而是能够根据具体数据情况不断“进化”、“自我”优化的算法结构，它能使自身的算法模型始终处于最优状态，从而有效避免因程序出现错误或者发生意外情况而无法做出反应导致数据利用率降低的“傻瓜式”状态。人的思想状况是复杂多变的，其产生的数字轨迹也是千变万化的。面对如此复杂庞大的教育数据，人工智能能够根据教育对象的特征调整优化算法结构，从而精准瞄准靶向目标，提供优质教育内容，这有利于增强高校思想政治教育精准化发展的智慧性。在技术逻辑层面，人工智能以进化的算法结构提升高校思想政治教育精准化发展的智慧性主要基于两个方面，第一，以大量思想政治教育数据为基础。人工智能在采集、处理、分析数据的过程中，学习掌握了更多的经验，有效促进了高校思想政治教育算法结构的优化更新。第二，立足自身的算法完成进化。当数据总量足够多时，人工智能便能借助神经网络技术构建多层神经网络，模拟出学生可能出现的行为轨迹、思想状况，并提出有针对性的教学方法，以调整优化算法结构。因此，在“数据+算法”的双重加持下，人工智能的算法能力迅速增长，越来越善于处理数据，了解学生所思所想，进而及时、精准、智慧性地解决学生出现的思想、行为、心理等问题。具体而言，一是人脸识别技术通过对学生微表情图像特征的提取与对比，不仅能够识别预测出学生的真实情绪和隐藏情绪，而且能够判断学生在课堂上的注意力集中程度和活跃程度，并将学生上课的真实体验以可视化的方式呈现出来，这有利于教师了解学生喜好，及时改进教育策略。二是自然语言处理技术能够在大规模语料库和深度学习技术的支持下，对人与机器之间的沟通交流语言进行语义分析、语义转换和信息挖掘，从而在图表、文本、视频等非结构化数据和半结构化数据中探索出更多的思想政治教育规律。三是智能识别技术能够精准识别出思想政治教育过程中来自西方价值观渗透的“噪音”和“杂音”，并将其过滤掉，确保思想政治教育内容的正确性。

3. It is conducive to enhancing the pertinence of the precision development of ideological and political education in colleges and universities. “Pertinence is the core of precision ideological and political education, and it is also a manifestation of adapting to technological development to meet the individualized needs of educational objects.” [4] This requires that in promoting the precision of ideological and political education, colleges and universities must not only deeply understand and accurately assess the real situation of students but also teach students according to their specific problems and individualized needs. One of the differences between big data and artificial intelligence is that the former focuses on input, requiring data to be cleaned, processed, and refined before it becomes useful; the latter focuses on output, allowing machines to perform cognitive functions and having rich application scenarios. Therefore, in the previous era of big data, although ideological and political education workers in colleges and universities actively used big data to innovate educational models and methods, outlining students’ ideological conditions and behavioral characteristics at an overall level, due to the lack of specific implementation scenarios, they still adopted methods such as “giving large lectures” and “holding large meetings” in actual practice. This failed to attract students’ attention well and also led educators to doubt whether technology could change the current state of education. “The ideal is nothing other than the material world reflected in the human mind and translated into forms of thought.” [5] (P22) The adolescent stage is the “period of jointing and booting for life” [2]2 “拔节育穗期” (bájié yùsuì qī): A metaphor from agriculture, referring to the critical growth stage of crops (jointing and booting), used by Chinese leaders to describe the formative adolescent period when young people’s values and beliefs are developing.; college students’ ideological concepts are still in the stage of development and formation. Whether they can be guided to internalize ideals and beliefs in their hearts and externalize them in action depends on whether teaching content and implementation scenarios can be set according to students’ interests and hobbies in ways that students find enjoyable. Artificial intelligence can enhance the pertinence of the precision development of ideological and political education in colleges and universities from two aspects. First, it can improve the pertinence of daily ideological and political education. Supported by natural language processing and knowledge graph technology, the adaptive learning system of artificial intelligence can adjust educational and teaching methods in a timely manner according to students’ learning states and cognitive levels, precisely supply teaching content, carry out ideological and political education in daily work and down to the individual, and achieve large-scale, targeted ideological and political education. Second, it can improve the pertinence of ideological and political courses in colleges and universities. Technologies such as computer simulation of reality and augmented reality can, on the basis of accurately grasping the group characteristics and individualized characteristics of students, connect with the development strategies of the Party and the state, select typical teaching cases and social hot events, create an immersive and ubiquitous teaching atmosphere, transform obscure theoretical knowledge into vivid pictures and scenes, accurately explain the concepts of ideological and political education, enhance the attractiveness of ideological and political courses, and enable college students to internalize core socialist values in their hearts and externalize them in action through subtle influence.

3. 有利于提升高校思想政治教育精准化发展的针对性。“针对性是精准思政的核心，也是适应技术发展而满足教育对象个性化需求的体现。”[4]这要求高校在推动思想政治教育精准化的过程中，不仅要深入了解、准确研判学生的真实情况，还要针对学生的具体问题和个性化需求因材施教。而大数据与人工智能的区别之一就在于，前者侧重输入，需要在数据变得有用之前对数据进行清洗、处理和加工；后者侧重输出，它允许机器执行认知功能且具有丰富的应用场景。因此，在以往的大数据时代，尽管高校思想政治教育工作者积极借助大数据创新教育模式和教育方法，从整体层面勾勒出了学生的思想状况和行为特征，但由于缺乏具体的实施场景，在实际的运用中依旧采取“上大课”“开大会”的方式，不能很好地吸引学生的关注，也让教育者对技术能否改变教育现状产生了怀疑。“观念的东西不外是移入人的头脑并在人的头脑中改造过的物质的东西而已”[5]（P22）。青少年阶段是人生的“拔节育穗期”，大学生的思想观念还处于发展形成阶段，能否引导他们将理想信念内植于心、外化为行，关键在于能否针对学生的兴趣爱好以学生喜闻乐见的方式设置教学内容和实施场景。而人工智能可以从两个方面提升高校思想政治教育精准化发展的针对性。一是提高日常思想政治教育的针对性。人工智能的自适应学习系统在自然语言处理、知识图谱技术支持下，能够根据学生的学习状态和认知水平及时调整教育教学方法，精准供给教学内容，把思想政治教育做在日常、做到个人，实现规模化的、有针对性的思想政治教育。二是提高高校思政课的针对性。计算机模拟现实、增强现实等技术能够在精准把握学生群体特征与个性化特征的基础上，联系党和国家的发展战略，选取典型的教学案例、社会热点事件，营造沉浸式、泛在化的教学氛围，将晦涩难懂的理论知识转化为生动活泼的图片、场景，准确阐释思想政治教育理念，增强思政课的吸引力，使大学生在潜移默化中将社会主义核心价值观内化于心、外化于行。

II. Strategies for Empowering the Precision Development of Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities by Artificial Intelligence

二、人工智能赋能高校思想政治教育精准化发展的策略

1. Precisely Grasp the Direction with Value Guidance. When thoughts are clear, the direction is clear; when one follows the great path, one can reach a thousand miles. Artificial intelligence is like a “propeller,” which must use value guidance as the “steering wheel” to precisely grasp the direction of education. First, value rationality should be used to position the direction of instrumental rationality. Value rationality concerns the value and meaning of things, while instrumental rationality pursues efficiency through optimal means. Artificial intelligence promotes the development of ideological and political education in colleges and universities toward digitalization, intelligence, and precision, possessing the instrumental rational characteristics of balancing precision and efficiency; whereas the distinct value guidance and ideological attributes of ideological and political education require artificial intelligence to help students untie “ideological knots,” enhance the thoughtfulness and theoretical nature of ideological and political work in colleges and universities, and increase the affinity and pertinence of ideological and political courses, which in turn possesses the characteristics of value rationality. Therefore, artificial intelligence must adhere to the Marxist stance, viewpoint, and method, follow the laws of ideological and political education, and design and optimize algorithms based on meeting students’ reasonable needs, preventing technological means from overriding education and falling into the predicament of form over content, cognitive bias, and lack of thought. Colleges and universities must guard against artificial intelligence being co-opted by instrumental rationality and the concept of efficiency first, impacting the original value system and order of ideological and political education. Second, common value should be used to position the direction of individualized education. The precision development of ideological and political education in colleges and universities moves from the macro to the micro, from the whole to the part, emphasizing innovative education that is implemented in actual work and precise to real people. However, if one blindly caters to students’ preferences and unconditionally panders to them, it will deviate from the original intention of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, which is to foster virtue and nurture people. The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC [3]3 The 20th National Congress of the CPC: The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, held in October 2022, which set the Party’s guiding principles and policies for the next five years. pointed out: “Fully implement the Party’s educational policy, implement the fundamental task of fostering virtue and nurturing people, and cultivate socialist builders and successors who are well-rounded in morality, intelligence, physique, aesthetics, and labor.” [6] (P34) Colleges and universities must remember the value goal amidst precision and efficiency, grasp value guidance amidst individualized care, persist in using Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to consolidate souls and gather strength, clearly and distinctly tell the innovative theory well, sing the main theme, and spread positive energy. They should both rely on students’ real lives to increase the warmth of ideological and political education and adhere to the root of Marxist theory to expand the depth of ideological and political education.

1. 以价值引领精准把握方向。思想清则方向明，循大道则至万里。人工智能好比“推进器”，必须以价值引领作为“方向盘”，精准把握育人方向。首先，要以价值理性定位工具理性的方向。价值理性关注事物的价值意义，工具理性则以最优手段追求效益。人工智能推动高校思想政治教育朝着数字化、智能化、精准化的方向发展，具有兼顾精准和效率的工具理性特点；而思想政治教育鲜明的价值引导和意识形态属性，要求人工智能帮助学生解开“思想疙瘩”，提升高校思想政治工作的思想性和理论性，增强思政课的亲和力和针对性，这又具有价值理性的特点。因此，人工智能要坚持马克思主义的立场观点方法，遵循思想政治教育规律，以满足学生的合理需要为依据进行算法设计与优化，防止技术手段凌驾于教育之上，陷入形式大于内容、认知偏颇、思想缺失的困境。高校要防范人工智能裹挟着工具理性、效率优先的理念冲击高校思想政治教育原本的价值体系和秩序。其次，要以共性价值定位个性教育的方向。高校思想政治教育精准化发展是从宏观走向微观、从整体走向局部，强调落实到实际工作、精准到现实的人的创新性教育。但若是一味地投其所好，无条件地迎合学生，则会偏离高校思想政治教育立德树人的初衷。党的二十大报告指出：“全面贯彻党的教育方针，落实立德树人根本任务，培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。”[6]（P34）高校必须在精准与效率中牢记价值目标，在个性关怀中把握好价值引领，坚持用习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想凝心聚魂，旗帜鲜明地讲好创新理论、唱响主旋律、传播正能量，既以学生的现实生活为依托增加思想政治教育的温度，又坚守马克思主义理论的根脉拓展思想政治教育的深度。

2. Precisely and Effectively Exert Force with Human-Machine Collaboration. Currently, artificial intelligence is in its third wave of development, and in specific fields or tasks, it can even surpass human intelligence to complete work, bringing great impetus to the development and progress of human society. However, at the same time, artificial intelligence is still in the “era of weak artificial intelligence” and cannot completely complete complex work independently of human intelligence. “Human intelligence is the foundation for the emergence of artificial intelligence, and artificial intelligence is an extension of human intelligence.” [7] The precision development of ideological and political education in colleges and universities should take human-machine collaboration as the focal point to achieve precise and effective exertion of force. First, teachers should lead the advancement of precision work in ideological and political education in colleges and universities. The key to the precision development of ideological and political education in colleges and universities taking root and achieving results lies in teachers. The entire process of applying artificial intelligence to the precision development of ideological and political education in colleges and universities must have corresponding personnel responsible for control. At the school level, colleges and universities should strengthen top-level design and teacher team building, seize the development opportunities of artificial intelligence, and provide normative guidance for the advancement of precision work in ideological and political education. At the teacher level, teachers should transform educational concepts, enhance collaborative thinking, identify role positioning, and improve their ability to use artificial intelligence technology. Teachers must both control the boundaries of artificial intelligence application to prevent issues such as student privacy leaks or ideological security problems, and integrate emotional care and ideological guidance into artificial intelligence, doing a good job of imparting knowledge, teaching skills, and resolving doubts. Teachers should become guides for students’ active learning, organizers of smart classrooms, and controllers of precision teaching. Second, artificial intelligence should assist in the advancement of precision work in ideological and political education in colleges and universities. Artificial intelligence should be integrated into the entire process of ideological and political education in colleges and universities to assist teachers in efficiently and accurately understanding students’ conditions and fully stimulate the teaching potential of artificial intelligence. On the one hand, channels for equal dialogue between teachers and students should be broadened through artificial intelligence, teacher-student relationships should be reshaped, precise guidance should be provided to students, and students’ endogenous motivation should be stimulated. On the other hand, the benign “coupling” of intelligent algorithms and ideological and political education should be promoted. By incorporating vivid discourse, fresh examples, and rich scenarios, the explanation and illustration of theory should be achieved, focusing on the great path and implementing it in small matters, comprehensively improving students’ ideological level, political awareness, and moral quality.

2. 以人机协同精准有效发力。如今，人工智能处于第三次发展浪潮，在特定领域或任务上甚至能够超越人类智能完成工作，为人类社会的发展和进步带来了巨大的动力。但与此同时，人工智能尚处于“弱人工智能时代”，不能完全脱离人类智能完成复杂性工作。“人类智能是人工智能产生的基础，人工智能是人类智能的延伸。”[7]高校思想政治教育精准化发展要以人机协同为着力点，实现精准有效发力。首先，教师主导高校思想政治教育精准化工作的推进。高校思想政治教育精准化发展落地生根、取得成效的关键在教师。人工智能应用于高校思想政治教育精准化发展的全过程都要有相应的人员负责把控。在学校层面，高校要加强顶层设计和教师队伍建设，抓住人工智能的发展机遇，为思想政治教育精准化工作的推进提供规范性指导。在教师层面，教师要转变教育理念、增强协同思维、找准角色定位，提升运用人工智能技术的能力。教师既要把控好人工智能运用的边界，防止出现学生隐私泄露或者意识形态安全问题，也要在人工智能中融入情感关怀和思想引领，做好传道授业解惑。教师要成为学生主动学习的引导者、智慧课堂的组织者和精准教学的把控者。其次，人工智能辅助高校思想政治教育精准化工作的推进。要将人工智能融入高校思想政治教育全过程，协助教师高效精准地了解学生的状况，充分激发人工智能的教学潜力。一方面，要通过人工智能拓宽师生平等对话的渠道，重塑师生关系，为学生提供精准化的指导，激发学生的内生动力。另一方面，要促进智能算法与思想政治教育的良性“耦合”，通过融入生动的话语、鲜活的事例、丰富的场景，实现对理论的阐释说明，着眼于大道、落实于小事，全面提升学生的思想水平、政治觉悟和道德品质。

3. Precise implementation through platform construction. Platform construction is an important vehicle for the application of artificial intelligence to the precision-oriented development of ideological and political education in colleges and universities. The *China Education Modernization 2035* plan, issued by the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council, proposes to “build intelligent campuses, and coordinate the construction of integrated intelligent teaching, management, and service platforms. Use modern technology to accelerate the reform of talent cultivation models, achieving an organic integration of large-scale education and individualized cultivation.” To promote the precision-oriented development of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of integrated intelligent platforms and unblock the bottlenecks and difficulties in the work of educating people in colleges and universities. First, a big data collection platform should be constructed. On the one hand, an intra-campus local area network information-sharing platform should be built, strictly implementing information classification and confidentiality systems, collecting data in compliance with legal provisions, and centralizing the work of data collection, storage, classification, management, and sharing. On the other hand, school-enterprise cooperation should be strengthened, linking campus data with commercial data to exert synergistic effects and more accurately “portray” students. Second, an intelligent teaching platform should be constructed. On the one hand, intelligent teaching facilities should be improved, such as campus wireless networks, intelligent sensor devices, and multimedia equipment, so that teachers can promptly capture changes in students’ thoughts and precisely supply educational content. VR ideological and political education learning scenarios should be created to make ideological and political education “come alive,” allowing students to comprehend theoretical knowledge through embodied and immersive experiences. On the other hand, a knowledge graph for ideological and political education should be constructed, gathering high-quality resources for ideological and political education nationwide, achieving cross-temporal and cross-spatial connections between “teaching” and “learning,” and recommending personalized learning resources to students through adaptive feedback. Third, a management and service platform should be constructed. Technical personnel should carry out technological updates, continuously optimize the algorithmic models for student learning and teacher instruction, and ensure the stable, orderly, and efficient operation of the platform.

3. 以平台建设精准投入实施。平台建设是人工智能应用于高校思想政治教育精准化发展的重要载体。中共中央、国务院印发的《中国教育现代化2035》提出，要“建设智能化校园，统筹建设一体化智能化教学、管理与服务平台。利用现代技术加快推动人才培养模式改革，实现规模化教育与个性化培养的有机结合”。推动高校思想政治教育精准化发展，要加强一体化智能平台建设，打通高校育人工作的堵点、难点。首先，要构建大数据收集平台。一要搭建校内局域网信息共享平台，严格执行信息分级和保密制度，在符合法律规定的情况下收集数据，将数据的收集、存储、分类、管理、共享工作集中起来。二要加强校企合作，将校园数据与商业数据进行联动，发挥协同作用，更加精准地为学生“画像”。其次，要构建智慧化教学平台。一要完善智能教学设施，比如校园无线网络、智能传感器设备、多媒体设备等，以便教师能及时捕捉学生的思想变化，精准供给教育内容。要打造VR思想政治教育学习场景，让思想政治教育“活起来”，让学生在具身性、沉浸式体验中领悟理论知识。二要构建思想政治教育知识图谱，汇聚全国的思想政治教育优质资源，实现“教”与“学”的跨时空联结，通过适应性反馈，为学生推荐个性化学习资源。三要丰富和拓展线上平台的应用功能，开设理论学习、心理辅导、就业指导等模块，满足学生的多元化需求。再次，要构建管理与服务平台。技术人员要做好技术更新，不断优化学生学习和教师教学的算法模型，使平台运行平稳有序高效。

(Author biographies: Tang Pingqiu, Secretary of the Party Committee of Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Researcher; Liu Tingting, School of Marxism, Guilin University of Electronic Technology)

（作者简介：唐平秋，桂林电子科技大学党委书记，研究员；刘婷婷，桂林电子科技大学马克思主义学院）

(Fund project: This article is a phased research result of the 2021 National Social Science Fund project “Research on the Integrated Innovation of Artificial Intelligence and Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities” (Project No. 21BKS032))

（基金项目：本文系2021年度国家社科基金项目“人工智能与高校思想政治教育融合创新研究”（项目号21BKS032）的阶段性研究成果）

Online editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心