Deeply Advance the Integrated Construction of Ideological and Political Education in Universities, Middle Schools, and Primary Schools

General Secretary Xi Jinping issued an important directive on the construction of ideological and political courses in schools, emphasizing: “We must adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, comprehensively implement the Party’s educational policy, fulfill the fundamental task of fostering virtue and nurturing talent, persist in advancing the construction of ideological and political courses in tandem with the arming of the Party’s innovative theories, build a curriculum and textbook system with Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as its core content, and deeply advance the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools.” The integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools concerns the fulfillment of the fundamental task of fostering virtue and nurturing talent, and concerns the cultivation of new generations of the era who reassure the Party, love and contribute to the country, and bear the heavy responsibility of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. To thoroughly study and implement General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important directive on the construction of ideological and political courses in schools, and to advance the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools, we need to focus on cultivating generation after generation of socialist builders and successors, deeply understand the significant importance of the Party Central Committee’s advancement of the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools, scientifically grasp its connotation and requirements, earnestly explore the practical pathways for promoting the integrated construction of ideological and political education across all school segments, and strive to achieve high-quality development of ideological and political education.

习近平总书记对学校思政课建设作出重要指示强调：“要坚持以新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻党的教育方针，落实立德树人根本任务，坚持思政课建设与党的创新理论武装同步推进，构建以新时代中国特色社会主义思想为核心内容的课程教材体系，深入推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设。”大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设，关系到落实立德树人的根本任务，关系到培育让党放心、爱国奉献、担当民族复兴重任的时代新人。深入学习贯彻习近平总书记对学校思政课建设的重要指示精神，推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设，需要我们着眼于培养一代又一代社会主义建设者和接班人，深刻理解党中央推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设的重要意义，科学把握其内涵要求，着力探讨各学段统筹推进思想政治教育一体化建设的实践路径，努力实现思想政治教育的高质量发展。

I. The Significant Importance of Advancing the Integrated Construction of Ideological and Political Education in Universities, Middle Schools, and Primary Schools

一、推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设的重要意义

The Party and the state have always attached great importance to ideological and political education in schools, focusing on the fundamental question of “what kind of people to cultivate, how to cultivate them, and for whom to cultivate them,” and have emphatically stressed integrated collaborative education. From constructing an integrated moral education system spanning universities, middle schools, primary schools, and kindergartens, to coordinating the advancement of the integrated construction of ideological and political courses in universities, middle schools, and primary schools and promoting the construction of “grand ideological and political courses,” [1]1 “Grand ideological and political courses” (大思政课) refers to a broadened approach to ideological and political education that integrates classroom teaching with social practice, online resources, and various campus activities. and then to deeply advancing the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools, this fully reflects that the Party and the state’s understanding of integrated construction both carries forward the past and keeps pace with the times, pointing the way forward for promoting the high-quality development of ideological and political education on the new journey of the New Era.

党和国家历来高度重视学校思想政治教育，围绕“培养什么人、怎样培养人、为谁培养人”这个根本问题，着力强调一体化协同育人。从构建大中小幼一体化德育体系，到统筹推进大中小学思政课一体化建设、推动“大思政课”建设，再到深入推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设，充分体现了党和国家在一体化建设认识上既一脉相承、又与时俱进，为新时代新征程上推进思想政治教育高质量发展指明了前进方向。

An inevitable requirement for fulfilling the fundamental task of fostering virtue and nurturing talent. History and practice have proven that the more Chinese-path modernization develops, the more urgent the demand for talent becomes; the greater the number of talents, the higher their quality, and the better their role is played, the more rapidly the cause of Chinese-path modernization advances. To accelerate talent cultivation and provide a continuous supply of talent for the development of Chinese-path modernization, we must take cultivating socialist builders and successors as the fundamental task and firmly grasp the key group of young people. Young people are the future of the country and the hope of the nation, and they concern whether the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics will have successors. The youth stage is the “period of jointing and booting” [2]2 “Period of jointing and booting” (拔节孕穗期) is a metaphor drawn from the growth stages of grain crops, referring to a critical phase of rapid development and formation that requires careful nurturing. in life, which most requires careful guidance and cultivation. Ideological and political education for young people is a continuous process; it must be carried out in a targeted manner according to the different stages of youth development. The integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools is precisely focused on cultivating generation after generation of useful talents who support the leadership of the Communist Party of China and China’s socialist system and are determined to strive for socialism with Chinese characteristics for life. On the premise of grasping the laws of growth and development of youth groups, it considers the adaptability and progressiveness of educational goals, content, and methods based on the cognitive characteristics, ideological realities, and receptivity of students at different school segments, constructing an educational system that combines breadth, depth, and effectiveness in a step-by-step, spiraling manner, ensuring the scientific, targeted, and effective nature of educational activities.

落实立德树人根本任务的必然要求。历史和实践证明，中国式现代化事业越是发展，对人才需求就越迫切；人才数量越多、质量越高、作用发挥得越好，中国式现代化事业发展就越迅速。加快人才培养，为中国式现代化发展提供源源不断的人才保障，必须把培养社会主义建设者和接班人作为根本任务，紧紧抓住青少年这一重点群体。青少年是国家的未来、民族的希望，关系到中国特色社会主义事业能否后继有人。青少年阶段是人生的“拔节孕穗期”，最需要精心引导和栽培。青少年思想政治教育是一个接续的过程，要针对青少年成长的不同阶段，有针对性地开展思想政治教育。大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设正是着眼于培养一代又一代拥护中国共产党领导和我国社会主义制度、立志为中国特色社会主义奋斗终身的有用人才，在把握青少年群体成长发展规律的前提下，根据不同学段青少年学生的认知特点、思想实际和接受能力来考量教育目标、内容与方法的适配性与渐进性，循序渐进、螺旋上升地构建兼具广度、深度与效度的教育体系，确保教育活动的科学性、针对性和有效性。

An inherent component of perfecting the ideological and political work system. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Ideological and political work is the lifeline of all school work; Party committees at all levels, education authorities at all levels, and school Party organizations must all firmly grasp it in their hands.” [3]3 This quotation is from Xi Jinping’s speech at the National Conference on Ideological and Political Work in Higher Education Institutions, held in December 2016. Ideological and political work is a complex systematic project that requires effective participation from all departments. In higher education institutions, this is mainly reflected in a ten major work system including curriculum-based education, scientific research-based education, practice-based education, culture-based education, network-based education, psychological education, management-based education, service-based education, financial aid-based education, and organization-based education; in primary and secondary schools, it is mainly reflected in a moral education work system with the construction of Communist Youth League organizations, Young Pioneer organizations, and class collectives as its main content. [4]4 The Communist Youth League (for students aged 14-28) and the Young Pioneers (for children aged 6-14) are mass organizations under the leadership of the CPC, responsible for political education and youth work in schools. To attach great importance to the ideological and political work of the younger generation, perfect the ideological and political work system, and continuously innovate the content and form of ideological and political work, we must make great efforts in advancing the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools. We must take strengthening the coordination and linkage of all elements and aspects of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools as the key to perfecting the ideological and political work system, penetrate the talent cultivation system of each school segment, achieve effective articulation between different school segments, and fully leverage the integrating, embedding, and infiltrating educational role of ideological and political work.

完善思想政治工作体系的应有之义。习近平总书记指出：“思想政治工作是学校各项工作的生命线，各级党委、各级教育主管部门、学校党组织都必须紧紧抓在手上。”思想政治工作是一项复杂的系统工程，需要各部门有效参与。在高校，主要体现在包括课程育人、科研育人、实践育人、文化育人、网络育人、心理育人、管理育人、服务育人、资助育人、组织育人等在内的十大工作体系；在中小学，主要体现在以团组织建设、少先队组织建设、班集体建设等为主要内容的德育工作体系。要高度重视对青年一代的思想政治工作，完善思想政治工作体系，不断创新思想政治工作内容和形式，就必须在推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设上狠下功夫，把强化大中小学思想政治教育各要素、各方面的协同与联动作为完善思想政治工作体系的重点，贯通本学段的人才培养体系，实现不同学段间的有效衔接，充分发挥思想政治工作的融入式、嵌入式、渗入式育人作用。

An inherent requirement for achieving high-quality development of ideological and political education. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has attached great importance to and comprehensively strengthened ideological and political education, forming a series of new thoughts, new strategies, and new measures to advance ideological and political work in the New Era. General Secretary Xi Jinping has successively presided over and delivered important speeches at the National Conference on Ideological and Political Work in Higher Education Institutions, the Symposium for Teachers of Ideological and Political Theory Courses in Schools, and the National Education Conference, providing fundamental guidance for ideological and political education in the New Era. The Party Central Committee and the State Council have successively issued important documents such as the “Opinions on Strengthening and Improving Ideological and Political Work in Higher Education Institutions under the New Situation,” the “Outline for the Implementation of Civic Moral Construction in the New Era,” the “Outline for the Implementation of Patriotic Education in the New Era,” and the “Opinions on Strengthening and Improving Ideological and Political Work in the New Era,” further implementing ideological and political education. To cultivate modern talents with comprehensive development in moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic, and labor education, and to achieve high-quality development of ideological and political education, it is necessary to further systematically integrate and effectively coordinate the resources and forces of ideological and political education on the basis of existing ideological and political work. The integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools both adheres to comprehensive education and emphasizes putting morality first; both follows unified standards and stresses teaching students according to their aptitude; both values society’s demand for talent and takes into account the individual’s need for self-improvement. Placing ideological and political education within a broader vision, grander framework, and deeper historical context, it strives to solve practical problems such as the articulation between school segments, the integration of various courses, and the sharing of various resources. From advancing discipline construction, optimizing the curriculum system, perfecting resource allocation, improving management services, and creating cultural contexts, it provides strong support and sufficient conditions for achieving high-quality development of ideological and political education in the New Era.

实现思想政治教育高质量发展的内在要求。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视并全面加强思想政治教育，形成了推进新时代思想政治工作的一系列新思想新战略新举措。习近平总书记先后主持召开了全国高校思想政治工作会议、学校思想政治理论课教师座谈会、全国教育大会等并发表重要讲话，为新时代思想政治教育提供了根本遵循。党中央和国务院先后印发了《关于加强和改进新形势下高校思想政治工作的意见》《新时代公民道德建设实施纲要》《新时代爱国主义教育实施纲要》《关于新时代加强和改进思想政治工作的意见》等重要文件，进一步把思想政治教育落到实处。培养德智体美劳全面发展的现代化人才，实现思想政治教育高质量发展，需要在现有思想政治工作基础上，进一步系统整合和有效统筹思想政治教育的资源力量。大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设既坚持全面育人，也强调以德为先；既遵循统一标准，也注重因材施教；既重视社会对人才的需求，也兼顾个体自我完善的需要。将思想政治教育置于更为广阔的视野、宏大格局和历史脉络之中，着力破解各学段衔接、各课程融合、各资源共享等现实问题，从推进学科建设、优化课程体系、完善资源配置、改善管理服务、营造文化情境等方面，为实现新时代思想政治教育高质量发展提供有力支撑和充足条件。

II. The Connotation and Requirements of Advancing the Integrated Construction of Ideological and Political Education in Universities, Middle Schools, and Primary Schools

二、推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设的内涵要求

The integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools is a systematic project that vertically connects all school segments from universities to primary schools and horizontally penetrates the various fields of school, family, and society. It is an all-round, whole-process, and all-staff integration. Its connotation and requirements are mainly reflected in the coherence of educational goals, content, and methods across all school segments from universities to primary schools; the integration of ideological and political courses with curriculum-based ideological and political education; the interconnection between the small classroom of ideological and political education and the big classroom of society; and the linkage between offline ideological and political education and online ideological and political education.

大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设是纵向衔接大中小学各学段，横向贯通学校、家庭与社会各场域的系统工程，是全方位、全过程、全员性的一体化。其内涵要求主要体现在大中小学各学段教育目标、内容和方法相贯通，思政课程与课程思政相融通，思政小课堂与社会大课堂相互通，以及线下思想政治教育与线上思想政治教育相联通。

The coherence of educational goals, content, and methods across all school segments from universities to primary schools. The most prominent feature of the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools is the emphasis on the effective articulation and interlocking of educational processes and activities across different school segments. The process of student growth and talent development is an organic unity of continuity and stages. This requires that the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools run the overall goal requirements through the phased goals of ideological and political education in each school segment: the primary school stage focuses on cultivating students’ moral emotions, the middle school stage focuses on laying a solid ideological foundation for students, the high school stage focuses on enhancing students’ political literacy, and the university stage focuses on strengthening students’ sense of mission and responsibility. [5]5 This four-stage goal framework (moral emotions, ideological foundation, political literacy, mission and responsibility) is a standard formulation in official documents on the integrated construction of ideological and political education. Educational goals for different school segments are planned in order, by level, and with gradation. At the same time, due to the hierarchical and specific nature of students at different school segments, educational content and the corresponding educational methods should also present different forms. The integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools, combining the interest preferences, cognitive styles, learning speeds, ability tendencies, and needs and desires of students at different school segments, distributes educational content scientifically and reasonably across all school segments from universities to primary schools, from easy to difficult, from the surface to the core, from the shallow to the deep, and from the perceptual to the rational, employing progressive and targeted educational methods.

大中小学各学段教育目标、内容和方法相贯通。大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设最为突出的就是强调不同学段教育过程和教育活动的有效衔接、环环相扣。学生的成长成才过程是连续性与阶段性的有机统一，这就要求大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设要将总体目标要求贯穿于各学段思想政治教育的阶段性目标，小学阶段重在培养学生的道德情感、初中阶段重在打牢学生的思想基础、高中阶段重在提升学生的政治素养、大学阶段重在增强学生的使命担当，有顺序、分层次、有梯度地规划不同学段的教育目标。同时，由于不同学段学生的层次性和特殊性，教育内容和与之适配的教育方法也应呈现不同样貌。大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设，结合不同学段学生的兴趣偏好、认知风格、学习速度、能力倾向和需求愿望，由易到难、由表及里、由浅入深、由感性到理性，将教育内容科学合理地分布于大中小学各学段，运用具有递进性和针对性的教育方法。

The integration of ideological and political courses with curriculum-based ideological and political education. The integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools must fully utilize the channel of curricula, effectively play the role of ideological and political courses as key courses for fostering virtue and nurturing people [6]6 “Forging souls and educating people” (铸魂育人) is a standard phrase in CPC educational discourse, referring to the goal of shaping students’ political consciousness and moral character through ideological education., and enable ideological and political courses to form a synergy with other courses. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out, “We must make good use of classroom teaching as the main channel,” and “ensure that all types of courses move in the same direction as ideological and political theory courses, forming a synergistic effect.” [7]7 “Grand ideological and political courses” (大思政课) refers to a policy initiative to expand ideological and political education beyond formal classroom settings, integrating social resources, practical activities, and everyday life into the educational process. Ideological and political courses are key courses for implementing the fundamental task of fostering virtue and nurturing people, and they are important curriculum channels for conducting school ideological and political education. Curriculum-based ideological and political education, in its concept, emphasizes the effective integration of ideological and political courses with public basic courses, professional education courses, and practical courses, embedding elements of ideological and political education into the internal logic of each course. Both fulfill the duties and missions of school ideological and political education, and both are related to the development direction of school ideological and political education reform. The integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools, while affirming the status of ideological and political courses, incorporates curriculum-based ideological and political education into overall planning, promoting horizontal integration and coordinated progress between ideological and political courses and curriculum-based ideological and political education. This not only reasonably expands the functions of ideological and political courses, fully mobilizing their role in political guidance and value leadership within the school curriculum system, but also respects the professionalism of teachers in other disciplines and the particularity of their educational methods, making the attributes, thinking methods, and value concepts of different disciplines an effective supplement to the reform and innovation of ideological and political courses.

思政课程与课程思政相融通。大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设要充分运用课程渠道，切实发挥思政课立德树人关键课程作用，使思政课与其他课程形成合力。习近平总书记指出，“要用好课堂教学这个主渠道”，“使各类课程与思想政治理论课同向同行，形成协同效应”。思政课是落实立德树人根本任务的关键课程，是开展学校思想政治教育的重要课程载体。课程思政在理念上强调将思政课与公共基础课程、专业教育课程和实践类课程有效整合起来，把思想政治教育元素内嵌于各门课程的内在逻辑之中。二者都履行着学校思想政治教育的职责使命，都关系着学校思想政治教育改革的发展方向。大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设，在肯定思政课地位的同时将课程思政纳入整体统筹规划，推动思政课程与课程思政横向联合、协同共进。这既合理拓展了思政课程功能，充分调动思政课在学校课程体系的政治引领和价值引领作用，又尊重其他学科教师的专业性和育人方式的特殊性，使不同学科的属性特征、思维方法、价值理念成为思政课改革创新的有效补充。

The interconnection between the small classroom of ideological and political education and the big classroom of society. The integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools must not only grasp the main positions of school ideological and political education but also expand the rich resources of social ideological and political education, enabling positive interaction between school ideological and political education and social resources, practical activities, and so on. Ideological and political courses should not only be taught in the classroom but also in social life. “We must make good use of the ‘big ideological and political courses’ and must combine them with reality.” [8]8 “Fostering virtue through education” (立德树人) is a central principle of CPC educational policy, emphasizing the cultivation of moral character and ethical conduct as the primary goal of schooling. The small classroom of ideological and political education emphasizes theoretical education in schools, using the charm of thought, the power of truth, and the infection of situations to guide students in understanding the latest theoretical achievements of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, possessing the advantages of centralized, systematic, and continuous ideological and political education. The big classroom of society emphasizes social practice education, integrating into students’ daily study and life, responding to real problems and student concerns, and enhancing students’ ideological and political awareness and value judgment ability in vivid and authentic ideological and political education practices. The two complement each other and cannot be neglected. The integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools reflects the positive interaction of educational fields such as schools, families, and society, effectively consolidating the all-staff educational strength of groups such as school teachers, family members, and social organizations and institutions, integrating the rich educational resources of the main classroom channel and family social life, thereby effectively improving the pertinence and affinity of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools.

思政小课堂与社会大课堂相互通。大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设，不仅要把握学校思想政治教育的主要阵地，而且还要拓展社会思想政治教育的丰富资源，使学校思想政治教育与社会资源、实践活动等良性互动。思政课不仅应该在课堂上讲，也应该在社会生活中来讲。“大思政课”我们要善用之，一定要跟现实结合起来。思政小课堂重在学校理论教育，借助思想魅力、真理力量、情境感染等方式引导学生理解马克思主义中国化时代化最新理论成果，具有集中式、系统化、持续性进行思想政治教育的优势；社会大课堂重在社会实践教育，融入学生日常的学习生活，回应现实问题和学生关切，在真实生动的思想政治教育实践中提升学生的思想政治觉悟和价值判断能力。二者相辅相成、不可偏废。大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设体现学校、家庭、社会等育人场域的良性互动，有效凝聚学校教师、家庭成员、社会组织机构等群体的全员育人力量，融汇课堂主渠道与家庭社会生活中的丰富育人资源，进而切实提高大中小学思想政治教育的针对性和亲和力。

The connection between offline ideological and political education and online ideological and political education. The integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools inherently contains the inevitable requirement of integrating offline ideological and political education with online ideological and political education. With the rapid development of the internet, it is no longer merely a technology but has become an important way of life. The combination of online and offline ideological and political education methods demonstrates temporal and spatial connectivity, nature integration, and functional complementarity, which is conducive to promoting the informatization, digitalization, and networked dissemination of educational content, enhancing interaction between educators and learners, promptly responding to and correctly guiding online public opinion, and expanding the space and channels of ideological and political education across all educational stages. The application of this blended education method is not only an urgent requirement of the changes of the times and social development trends but also an inevitable requirement for the reform and innovation of ideological and political education in the New Era. It is conducive to providing richer content, more novel forms, and more interactive platforms for the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools, becoming an inherent part of optimizing the quality and effectiveness of integrated construction. Among them, online ideological and political education is not an auxiliary or rehearsal of offline ideological and political education, but an important component and link of ideological and political education activities. Offline ideological and political education is not a rebranding of online ideological and political education, but a more targeted and deeper educational activity based on the effects of online education.

线下思想政治教育与线上思想政治教育相联通。大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设内含着整合线下思想政治教育和线上思想政治教育的必然要求。随着互联网的迅速发展，它不再仅仅是一种技术，而成为人们生活的重要方式。线上线下相结合的思想政治教育方式展现了时空连通性、性质交融性与功能互补性，有利于推动教育内容信息化、数字化、网络化传播，增强施教者与受教者的交流互动，及时回应和正确引导网络舆情，拓宽了各学段思想政治教育的空间和渠道。这一混合式教育方式的应用，既是时代变迁和社会发展趋势的迫切要求，也是新时代思想政治教育改革创新的必然要求，有利于为大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设提供更为丰富的内容、更为新颖的形式和更为交互的平台，成为优化一体化建设质量成效的应有之义。其中，线上思想政治教育不是线下思想政治教育的辅助或者演练，而是思想政治教育活动的重要组成部分和环节；线下思想政治教育也不是线上思想政治教育的改头换面，而是基于线上教育效果而开展的更具针对性的、更深入的教育活动。

III. Key Focal Points for Promoting the Integrated Construction of Ideological and Political Education in Universities, Middle Schools, and Primary Schools

三、推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设的着力点

To promote the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools, it is necessary to focus on strengthening the main channels of integrated construction, consolidating the joint forces of integrated construction subjects, integrating the resource supply of integrated construction, and clarifying the evaluation orientation of integrated construction, making great efforts to continuously build an important guarantee for promoting the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools.

推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设，需要着力在强化一体化建设的主要渠道、汇聚一体化建设主体合力、贯通一体化建设资源供给，以及明确一体化建设评价导向上狠下功夫，不断筑牢推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设的重要保障。

Strengthening the main channels of the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools. Ideological and political courses are key courses for implementing the fundamental task of fostering virtue and nurturing people, and they are the main channels for conducting ideological and political education. The integration of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools is a higher-level overarching and broader expansion of the integration of ideological and political courses in universities, middle schools, and primary schools. Therefore, to promote the integration of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools, it is necessary, on the basis of guarding the main channel of ideological and political courses, to systematically integrate all educational elements across all educational stages. First, build a curriculum and textbook system with Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as its core content. While progressively and spirally offering and teaching the course on Xi Jinping Thought

强化大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设的主要渠道。思政课是落实立德树人根本任务的关键课程，是进行思想政治教育的主要渠道。大中小学思想政治教育一体化，是对大中小学思政课一体化更高层面的统摄、更广范围的拓展。所以，推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化，必须在守好思政课主渠道基础上，系统整合各学段所有育人要素。一是构建以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为核心内容的课程教材体系。循序渐进、螺旋上升地开好讲好习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想概论课的同时，重点围绕习近平经济思想、习近平法治思想、习近平生态文明思想、习近平强军思想、习近平外交思想、习近平文化思想以及“四史”、宪法法律、中华优秀传统文化等设定课程模块，开设选择性必修课程，形成以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为核心内容的大中小一体化、本硕博一体化的思政课必修课+选修课课程体系。二是站在维护国家意识形态安全的高度，统筹推进大中小学思政课教材一体化建设。要从维护国家意识形态安全、培养社会主义建设者和接班人的高度来抓好，基于不同学段学生的身心发展状态进行结构性优化，第一时间推进党的创新理论成果进教材，确保教材的政治性、科学性、时代性、可读性。三是加强大中小学思政课一体化共同体建设，为全国大中小学思政课教学提供更多“金课”。充分发挥大中小学思政课一体化建设指导委员会和专家指导组的作用，以首批大中小学思政课一体化共同体为牵引，坚持问题导向、目标导向和效果导向相结合，以点带面、分层分类，因地制宜、因势利导，完善工作机制，加强协同合作，注重资源整合，深入推进大中小学思政课一体化建设，打造一批示范思政“金课”。

Gather the main forces of the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools. Ideological and political education is not a single-line task but should be comprehensive. To advance the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools, we must first gather the main forces of integrated construction, so that the various main forces involved move in the same direction and cooperate fully, ensuring the maximization of educational effectiveness. First, Party leadership can only be strengthened, not weakened. General

汇聚大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设的主体合力。思想政治教育不是单纯一条线的工作，而应该是全方位的。推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设，首先就要汇聚一体化建设的主体合力，使参与其中的各方主体力量同向同行、通力配合，确保育人效果的最大化。一是党的领导只能加强、不能削弱。习近平总书记强调：“各级党委（党组）要把思政课建设摆上重要议程,各级各类学校要自觉担起主体责任。”要把思政课建设作为党领导教育工作的重中之重，把思政课建设纳入重要议事日程，中央和国家机关有关部门牵头抓好大中小学思想政治教育建设，地方党委严格落实思政课建设主体责任，增强推动大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设的思想自觉和行动自觉。二是建设高素质的思想政治教育师资队伍。习近平总书记指出：“要着力建设一支政治强、情怀深、思维新、视野广、自律严、人格正的思政课教师队伍。”大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设的关键就是要建设一支专职为主、专兼结合、数量充足、结构合理的高素质师资队伍。通过师资队伍准入培训的一体化、师资队伍教研交流的一体化、师资队伍服务保障的一体化，为大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设提供充足的师资保障。三是健全学校家庭社会协同育人机制。推动学校、家庭、社会的资源整合，将学生的价值诉求与个体发展需求同党和国家发展变化紧密结合，通过项目拉动、社会实践等方式，拉动校外资源助推学校思想政治教育作用的持续发挥，以良好的社会环境、校园文化环境以及家庭氛围，助力学校思想政治教育效果最大化。

Integrate the resource supply for the construction of ideological and political education across universities, middle schools, and primary schools. Centering on the central task and serving the overall situation is a valuable experience and an important principle of the CPC’s ideological and political education over more than a century of development. The integrated construction of ideological and political education across universities, middle schools, and primary schools must adapt to the needs of the era of comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and must persist in using Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to forge souls and educate people. [6]6 “Forging souls and educating people” (铸魂育人) is a standard phrase in CPC educational discourse, referring to the goal of shaping students’ political consciousness and moral character through ideological education. First, adhere to the simultaneous advancement of the construction of ideological and political theory courses and the arming of the Party’s innovative theories. The integrated construction of ideological and political education across universities, middle schools, and primary schools must highlight the root and the foundation, unremittingly use the latest achievements in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times to arm minds, guide practice, and advance work, take the world-renowned achievements of socialism with Chinese characteristics as content support, and take fine traditional Chinese culture, revolutionary culture, and advanced socialist culture as the foundation of strength. By improving mechanisms such as collective lesson preparation for teachers, learning and exchange mechanisms, and collaborative education mechanisms, achieve organic articulation between different educational stages. [7]7 “Grand ideological and political courses” (大思政课) refers to a policy initiative to expand ideological and political education beyond formal classroom settings, integrating social resources, practical activities, and everyday life into the educational process. Second, tap into the ideological and political education resources contained in each course. According to the talent cultivation characteristics of different educational stages, different disciplines, and different majors, fully sort out the ideological and political education elements contained in each course and the ideological and political education functions they carry, and strive to explore the paths, methods, and mechanisms for organically integrating ideological and political education elements into the teaching of other courses, achieving the organic unity of ideological and political education and knowledge system education. Third, make good use of the “grand ideological and political courses,” fully mobilizing the forces and resources of the entire society. Take major commemorative days, major historical events, and opening and graduation ceremonies as opportunities, take forums, lecture series, report meetings, and campus cultural activities as the main forms, carefully design the content of daily ideological and political education, and by constructing a mechanism for the integrated design and promotion of brand-themed activities for ideological and political education across universities, middle schools, and primary schools, deeply carry out educational activities with consistent themes and connected content between different educational stages.

贯通大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设的资源供给。围绕中心、服务大局，是中国共产党思想政治教育百余年发展的宝贵经验和重要原则。大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设，必须适应全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的时代需要，坚持用习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想铸魂育人。一是坚持思政课建设与党的创新理论武装同向同行。大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设，必须突出根和本，坚持不懈用马克思主义中国化时代化最新成果武装头脑、指导实践、推动工作，以中国特色社会主义取得的举世瞩目成就为内容支撑，以中华优秀传统文化、革命文化和社会主义先进文化为力量根基，通过健全教师集体备课机制、学习交流机制、协同育人机制等，实现不同学段间的有机衔接。二是挖掘各门课程蕴含的思想政治教育育人资源。根据不同学段、不同学科、不同专业的人才培养特点，充分梳理各门课程所蕴含的思想政治教育元素和所承载的思想政治教育功能，着力探索思想政治教育元素有机融入其他课程教学的路径方法机制，实现思想政治教育与知识体系教育的有机统一。三是善用“大思政课”，充分调动全社会力量和资源。以重大纪念日、重大历史事件以及开学和毕业典礼为契机，以论坛讲坛、讲座报告、校园文化活动等为主要形式，精心设计日常思想政治教育内容，通过构建大中小学思想政治教育品牌主题活动一体设计推进机制，深入开展各学段间主题一致、内容衔接的教育活动。

Clarify the evaluation orientation for the integrated construction of ideological and political education across universities, middle schools, and primary schools. One important criterion for measuring whether ideological and political education is effective is to see whether the results of ideological and political education are effective. The effectiveness of fostering virtue through education must be taken as the fundamental standard for inspecting all work in schools, and it must run through the integrated construction of ideological and political education across universities, middle schools, and primary schools. [8]8 “Fostering virtue through education” (立德树人) is a central principle of CPC educational policy, emphasizing the cultivation of moral character and ethical conduct as the primary goal of schooling. First, closely adhere to the effectiveness of fostering virtue through education, and reform the evaluation system for schools, teachers, students, and educational work. Talent cultivation must be a process of unifying the cultivation of people and the cultivation of talent. Each educational stage should embed value guidance within knowledge education, always keep the focus of ideological and political education on moral cultivation, unify the evaluation standards for education, guide schools and teachers at each educational stage to attach great importance to the cultivation of students’ political literacy, the forging of ideals and beliefs, the enhancement of moral character, and the development of healthy psychology, and change simplistic practices such as only valuing test scores. Second, open up the standards for education, and apply them in an integrated manner to ideological and political education at each educational stage and to education in each discipline and major. Fully implement the Party’s educational policy, place moral education in the primary position of talent cultivation, continuously promote the deep integration of ideological and political education with education in each discipline and major, allow the influence of ideological and political education to subtly permeate and penetrate into courses and classroom teaching, and achieve the unity of education standards and education effectiveness between ideological and political education at each educational stage and education in each discipline and major. Third, improve the evaluation mechanism to ensure that the integrated construction of ideological and political education across universities, middle schools, and primary schools is implemented in detail, in small matters, and in practice. In accordance with relevant policy requirements and institutional norms, establish a guidance and evaluation mechanism for the integrated construction of ideological and political education across universities, middle schools, and primary schools. Through regular or irregular inspection tours, supervision of implementation, effectiveness evaluation, and feedback on the work and performance of relevant departments, provide specialized professional guidance to ensure that the integrated construction of ideological and political education between educational stages is implemented in detail, in small matters, and in practice, achieving high-quality development of ideological and political education across universities, middle schools, and primary schools.

明确大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设的评价导向。衡量思想政治教育是否有效，其中一个重要的标准是看思想政治教育的结果是否有效，要把立德树人的成效作为检验学校一切工作的根本标准，贯穿于大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设之中。一是紧扣立德树人成效，改革对学校、教师、学生、教育工作的评价体系。人才培养一定是育人和育才相统一的过程，各学段都应该寓价值引领于知识教育之中，把思想政治教育的重心始终打在育德上，以统一育人评价标准，引导各学段学校和教师高度重视学生政治素养培育、理想信念熔铸、道德品质提升和健康心理养成，改变唯分数等简单化做法。二是打通育人标准，一体化应用于各学段思想政治教育和各学科专业教育之中。全面落实党的教育方针，把德育放在人才培养的首要地位，不断促进思想政治教育同各学科专业教育深度融合，让思想政治教育的影响潜移默化地贯穿渗透到课程和课堂教学中，实现各学段思想政治教育和各学科专业教育育人标准和育人成效的统一。三是完善评价机制，确保大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设落细落小落实。依照相关政策要求和制度性规范，建立对大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设的指导评议机制。通过对有关部门工作和表现进行定期或不定期的巡视检查、督促落实、效果评估与反馈，给予专门性业务指导，确保各学段间思想政治教育一体化建设落地落细落小，实现大中小学思想政治教育高质量发展。

(Author: Member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee and Vice President of Renmin University of China)

（作者：中国人民大学党委常委、副校长）

Online Editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心