Several Focal Points for Advancing the Construction of Ideological and Political Theory Courses in the New Era

On the occasion of the fifth anniversary of the symposium of teachers of ideological and political theory courses in schools, Xi Jinping once again issued important instructions on the construction of ideological and political theory courses (hereinafter referred to as ideological and political courses) in schools. On May 11, 2024, a promotion meeting for the construction of ideological and political courses in schools in the New Era was held in Beijing. The meeting put forward requirements and made arrangements for studying and implementing Xi Jinping’s important instructions. Conscientiously studying and implementing Xi Jinping’s important instructions

在学校思想政治理论课教师座谈会召开5周年之际，习近平对学校思想政治理论课（以下简称思政课）建设再次作出重要指示。2024年5月11日，新时代学校思政课建设推进会在京召开，会议对学习贯彻习近平重要指示精神提出要求、作出部署。认真学习贯彻习近平的重要指示精神，不断开创新时代思政课建设新局面，是我们的重要使命和任务。

I. Firmly Grasp the Mission and Fundamental Task of Ideological and Political Course Construction in the New Era, and Enhance the Sense of Responsibility for Cultivating New Talents for the Era

一、紧紧把握新时代思政课建设的使命和根本任务，增强培养时代新人的责任感

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, Xi Jinping has consistently placed the construction of ideological and political theory courses in schools at an important position in educational work. Focusing on the fundamental questions of what kind of people to cultivate, how to cultivate them, and for whom to cultivate them, he has planned and deployed the construction of ideological and political courses with a high historical perspective and profound strategic vision.

党的十八大以来，习近平始终坚持把学校思政课建设放在教育工作的重要位置，围绕培养什么人、怎样培养人、为谁培养人这一系列根本问题，以高远的历史站位与深邃的战略眼光谋划和部署思政课建设。

In January 2019, during an inspection and research visit to Nankai University, Xi Jinping pointed out: "Schools are places for fostering virtue and nurturing talents. Patriotism is the national heart and soul of the Chinese nation. To cultivate builders and successors for socialist construction, we must first cultivate students' patriotic sentiments." [1]1 The quotation is from Xi Jinping's speech during his inspection at Nankai University in January 2019. He encouraged teachers and students to integrate the specific goals of learning and struggle with the great goal of national rejuvenation, to merge the individual self into the greater self, and to aspire to make the historical contributions of each generation. On March 18, 2019, when presiding over a symposium for teachers of ideological and political theory courses in schools, he emphasized: "To run ideological and political courses well, the most fundamental thing is to fully implement the Party's educational policy and solve the fundamental question of what kind of people to cultivate, how to cultivate them, and for whom to cultivate them. To implement the Party's educational policy in the New Era, we must uphold the guiding role of Marxism, implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, adhere to the socialist direction of running schools, fulfill the fundamental task of fostering virtue and nurturing talents, insist that education serves the people, serves the governance of the Chinese Communist Party, serves the consolidation and development of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and serves reform and opening up and socialist modernization. We must root education in Chinese soil, combine it with productive labor and social practice, accelerate the modernization of education, build a strong educational nation, run education that satisfies the people, and strive to cultivate new talents for the era who can shoulder the heavy responsibility of national rejuvenation, and cultivate well-rounded socialist builders and successors with moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic, and labor education." [2]2 The quotation is from Xi Jinping's speech at the symposium for teachers of ideological and political theory courses in schools on March 18, 2019. In 2021, during an inspection at Tsinghua University, Xi Jinping again emphasized: "The world-class universities we aim to build are first-class universities under socialism with Chinese characteristics. Our socialist education is precisely to cultivate well-rounded socialist builders and successors with moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic, and labor education. China's higher education must be based on the overall strategic situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the changes unseen in a century in the world. It must keep in mind the 'great affairs of the state,' grasp the general trend, dare to take responsibility, be good at making achievements, and contribute to serving the country's prosperity, national rejuvenation, and the people's happiness." [3]3 The quotation is from Xi Jinping's speech during his inspection at Tsinghua University in April 2021. On the occasion of the fifth anniversary of the symposium for teachers of ideological and political theory courses in schools, Xi Jinping once again issued important instructions on the construction of ideological and political courses in schools: "On the new journey of the New Era, the construction of ideological and political courses faces new situations and new tasks, and must have new atmospheres and new achievements," and "continuously create a new situation in ideological and political education in the New Era, and strive to cultivate more new talents for the era who are trustworthy to the Party, patriotic and dedicated, and capable of shouldering the heavy responsibility of national rejuvenation." [4]4 The quotation is from Xi Jinping's important instructions on the construction of ideological and political courses in schools made around the fifth anniversary of the symposium for teachers of ideological and political theory courses in schools (i.e., around March 2024). This series of important instructions by Xi Jinping on the construction of ideological and political courses in schools elucidates the fundamental task of running these courses well, providing scientific guidance and powerful impetus for running ideological and political courses well in the New Era.

2019年1月，习近平在南开大学考察调研时指出：“学校是立德树人的地方。爱国主义是中华民族的民族心、民族魂，培养社会主义建设者和接班人，首先要培养学生的爱国情怀。”[1]他勉励师生们把学习奋斗的具体目标同民族复兴的伟大目标结合起来，把小我融入大我，立志作出每一代人的历史贡献。2019年3月18日，在主持召开学校思想政治理论课教师座谈会时，他强调：“办好思政课，最根本的是要全面贯彻党的教育方针，解决好培养什么人、怎样培养人、为谁培养人这个根本问题。新时代贯彻党的教育方针，要坚持马克思主义指导地位，贯彻新时代中国特色社会主义思想，坚持社会主义办学方向，落实立德树人的根本任务，坚持教育为人民服务、为中国共产党治国理政服务、为巩固和发展中国特色社会主义制度服务、为改革开放和社会主义现代化建设服务，扎根中国大地办教育，同生产劳动和社会实践相结合，加快推进教育现代化、建设教育强国、办好人民满意的教育，努力培养担当民族复兴大任的时代新人，培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。”[2]2021年，习近平在清华大学考察时再次强调：“我们要建设的世界一流大学是中国特色社会主义的一流大学，我国社会主义教育就是要培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。我国高等教育要立足中华民族伟大复兴战略全局和世界百年未有之大变局，心怀‘国之大者’，把握大势，敢于担当，善于作为，为服务国家富强、民族复兴、人民幸福贡献力量。”[3]在学校思想政治理论课教师座谈会召开5周年之际，习近平对学校思政课建设再次作出重要指示：“新时代新征程上，思政课建设面临新形势新任务，必须有新气象新作为”，“不断开创新时代思政教育新局面，努力培养更多让党放心、爱国奉献、担当民族复兴重任的时代新人”。[4]习近平关于学校思政课建设的一系列重要指示，阐明了办好思政课的根本任务，为办好新时代思政课提供了科学指引和强大动力。

Guided by Xi Jinping's series of important instructions, the Party's leadership over the construction of ideological and political courses has been comprehensively strengthened. The socialist direction of running schools at all levels and types has become more distinct. Teachers of ideological and political courses have greater confidence and a stronger foundation for enjoying teaching, being good at teaching, and devoting themselves to educating people. The majority of students have significantly enhanced their "Four Confidences" [5]5 "Four Confidences" refers to confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. and their mental outlook is vigorous and uplifting. The development environment and overall ecology of ideological and political courses have undergone a comprehensive and fundamental transformation. However, as the times develop and the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics advances, the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation places higher demands on talent cultivation. To meet these demands, it is necessary to further strengthen the direction of ideological and political course construction in using Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to forge souls and educate people. It is necessary to further improve the quality of talent cultivation. It is necessary to further strengthen the integrated construction of ideological and political education in universities, middle schools, and primary schools. It is necessary to further integrate the "small classroom of ideological and political courses" with the "big classroom of society." Facing the new situations and new requirements of ideological and political course construction in the New Era, we must earnestly study, implement, and carry out Xi Jinping's important instructions from the perspective of the country's future and destiny, and further enhance the high sense of responsibility for cultivating socialist builders and successors for the country and the people.

在习近平一系列重要指示的指引下，党对思政课建设的领导全面加强，各级各类学校社会主义办学方向更加鲜明，思政课教师乐教善教、潜心育人的信心底气更足，广大学生“四个自信”明显增强、精神面貌奋发昂扬，思政课发展环境和整体生态发生全局性、根本性转变。但是，时代在发展，中国特色社会主义事业在前进，强国建设、民族复兴伟业对人才培养提出了更高的要求。为适应这样的要求，需要进一步坚定思政课建设以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想铸魂育人的方向，需要进一步提高人才培养质量，需要进一步加强大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设，需要进一步融合“思政小课堂”和“社会大课堂”。面对新时代思政课建设新形势和新要求，要从国家前途命运的高度认真学习贯彻落实习近平的重要指示精神，进一步增强为国家为人民培养社会主义建设者和接班人的高度责任感。

Education is a major plan for the country and the Party. What kind of people to cultivate, how to cultivate them, and for whom to cultivate them are the fundamental questions of education. The fundamental task of education is to foster virtue and nurture talents, and to cultivate socialist builders and successors. The development of the cause of the Party and the people requires successive generations to continue the struggle. It is essential to grasp the fundamental plan of having successors. To comprehensively build a modern socialist country, achieve the "Two Centenary Goals" [6]6 "Two Centenary Goals" refers to the goals of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the centenary of the CPC (founded in 1921) and building a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the centenary of the People's Republic of China (founded in 1949)., and lead the progress of the world and the times, generations of socialist builders and successors are needed. The young students in schools today are the mainstay of tomorrow's Chinese-path modernization construction. Cultivating socialist builders and successors concerns the realization of the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation in the New Era, and concerns the future and destiny of the country and the nation. To cultivate socialist builders and successors, undoubtedly all disciplines, majors, and courses in schools bear responsibility. A person cannot stand without virtue; the foundation of educating people lies in fostering virtue. In talent cultivation, virtue comes first. Ideological and political courses are the key courses for implementing the fundamental task of fostering virtue and nurturing talents. Proceeding from this significance and height, we must firmly grasp the mission and fundamental task of ideological and political course construction in the New Era, enhance the sense of responsibility for cultivating new talents for the era, strengthen the construction of ideological and political courses in the New Era, continuously create a new situation in ideological and political education in the New Era, and strive to cultivate more new talents for the era who are trustworthy to the Party, patriotic and dedicated, and capable of shouldering the heavy responsibility of national rejuvenation.

教育是国之大计、党之大计，培养什么人、怎样培养人、为谁培养人是教育的根本问题。教育的根本任务是立德树人，培养社会主义建设者和接班人。党和人民事业发展需要一代代人接续奋斗，必须抓好后继有人这个根本大计。全面建设社会主义现代化国家、实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标，引领世界和时代前进，需要一代代社会主义建设者和接班人。今天在学校的青年学生，就是明天中国式现代化建设的中流砥柱。培养社会主义建设者和接班人，关系新时代强国建设、民族复兴伟业的实现，关系国家和民族的前途命运。而要培养社会主义建设者和接班人，无疑学校所有的学科专业、所有的课程都有责任。人无德不立，育人的根本在于立德，人才培养，以德为先，思政课就是落实立德树人根本任务的关键课程。正是从这样的意义和高度出发，我们必须紧紧把握新时代思政课建设的使命和根本任务，增强培养时代新人的责任感，加强新时代思政课建设，不断开创新时代思想政治教育新局面，努力培养更多让党放心、爱国奉献、担当民族复兴重任的时代新人。

II. Closely Focus on Using Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to Forge Souls and Educate People, and Reform and Improve the Curriculum System and Textbook System of Ideological and Political Courses

二、紧紧围绕以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想铸魂育人，改革完善思政课课程体系和教材体系

The key to how ideological and political courses in the New Era can implement the task of fostering virtue and nurturing talents and cultivating socialist builders and successors lies in closely focusing on using Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to forge souls and educate people, further reforming and improving the curriculum system and textbook system of ideological and political courses, and integrating Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era throughout the entire process of ideological and political course education and teaching.

新时代思政课如何把立德树人、培养社会主义建设者和接班人的任务落到实处，关键是要紧紧围绕以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想铸魂育人，进一步改革完善思政课课程体系和教材体系，把习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想贯穿于思政课教育教学的全过程。

Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era addresses major contemporary issues such as what kind of socialism with Chinese characteristics to uphold and develop in the New Era and how to uphold and develop it, what kind of strong modern socialist country to build and how to build it, what kind of long-term governing Marxist political party to build and how to build it, what kind of development to achieve and how to develop it, what kind of modernization to build and how to build Chinese-path modernization. It has put forward a series of original new concepts, new ideas, and new strategies, reflecting the organic unity of historical logic, theoretical logic, and practical logic. It is a complete and systematic scientific theoretical system, a condensation of China's experience in construction, reform, and development, a crystallization of the development of the times, the Marxism of contemporary China and the Marxism of the 21st century, and the essence of the times of Chinese culture and the Chinese spirit. It has achieved a new leap in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. It not only provides a theoretical guide for China to comprehensively build a modern socialist country and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, but also contributes Chinese wisdom and Chinese strength to world development. It must be adhered to for the long term and continuously enriched and developed.

习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想围绕新时代坚持和发展什么样的中国特色社会主义、怎样坚持和发展中国特色社会主义，建设什么样的社会主义现代化强国、怎样建设社会主义现代化强国，建设什么样的长期执政的马克思主义政党、怎样建设长期执政的马克思主义政党，实现什么样的发展、怎样发展，建设什么样的现代化，怎样建设中国式现代化等重大时代课题，提出了一系列原创性的新理念新思想新战略，体现了历史逻辑、理论逻辑和实践逻辑的有机统一，是完整系统的科学理论体系，是中国建设、改革、发展经验的凝结，是时代发展的结晶，是当代中国马克思主义、二十一世纪马克思主义，是中华文化和中国精神的时代精华，实现了马克思主义中国化时代化新的飞跃。不仅为中国全面建设社会主义现代化国家、实现中华民族伟大复兴提供了理论指南，而且为世界发展贡献了中国智慧和中国力量，必须长期坚持、不断丰富发展。

Ideological and political theory courses must adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in cultivating souls and educating people, and integrate Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era throughout the entire process of ideological and political theory course education and teaching. The content of fostering virtue through ideological and political theory courses is extremely rich: firm Marxist beliefs, firm communist and socialist ideals and convictions with Chinese characteristics; firm people’s standpoint, scientific worldview, outlook on life, and values; firm confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics, profound patriotic sentiment, and political identification with the Communist Party of China and the socialist system; moral cultivation, rule-of-law awareness, cultural literacy, etc., are all requirements for fostering virtue. Among this content, Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the soul and banner of fostering virtue, and must be consistently upheld.

思政课要坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导铸魂育人，把习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想贯穿于思政课教育教学的全过程。思政课立德树人的内容十分丰富：坚定的马克思主义信仰，坚定的共产主义和中国特色社会主义理想信念；坚定的人民立场，科学的世界观、人生观、价值观；坚定的中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信，深厚的爱国主义情怀，对中国共产党和社会主义制度的政治认同；道德修养、法治意识、文化素养等，都是立德树人的要求。在这些内容中，习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想是立德树人的灵魂与旗帜，必须一以贯之。

Ideological and political theory courses must further reform and improve the curriculum system and textbook system. The curriculum system and textbook system of ideological and political theory courses are important carriers for cultivating souls and educating people with Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. Whether the curriculum system and textbook system adapt to the requirements of the New Era and practical development, and whether they are scientific and reasonable, concerns the effectiveness of cultivating souls and educating people with Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. The basic framework of the current curriculum system and textbook system for ideological and political theory courses was established according to the “Opinions of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee and the Ministry of Education on Further Strengthening and Improving Ideological and Political Theory Courses in Higher Education Institutions” issued in 2005, commonly referred to as the “05 Plan.” [7]7 The “05 Plan” refers to the 2005 curriculum reform for ideological and political theory courses in Chinese higher education, which established a standardized set of required courses (e.g., “Introduction to Mao Zedong Thought and the Theoretical System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics”) and textbooks. In nearly 20 years of teaching practice in ideological and political theory courses, the “05 Plan” played an important historical role in strengthening and standardizing the curriculum system and textbook system of ideological and political theory courses, promoting the education and teaching reform of ideological and political theory courses, and improving the curriculum quality and teaching effectiveness of ideological and political theory courses. However, with the entry of socialism with Chinese characteristics into the New Era and the establishment of the latest achievement in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times—Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era—the advancement of the “05 Plan” with the times has become an inevitable requirement. First, the national key Marxist colleges took the lead, and then the vast majority of universities across the country, on the basis of the “05 Plan,” offered the compulsory course “Introduction to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.” Subsequently, the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, together with the Ministry of Education, organized the compilation of the textbook “Introduction to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.” These all reflect the aspirations of young students nationwide, the theoretical consciousness of ideological and political theory course teachers, and the curriculum characteristic of ideological and political theory courses advancing with the times. Under such circumstances, it is imperative to further reform and improve the curriculum system and textbook system of ideological and political theory courses, and to build a curriculum system and textbook system for ideological and political theory courses with Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as the core content.

思政课要进一步改革完善课程体系和教材体系。思政课课程体系和教材体系是以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想铸魂育人的重要载体。课程体系、教材体系是否适应新时代和实践发展要求，是否科学合理，关系到以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想铸魂育人的成效。现行的思政课课程体系和教材体系的基本架构是根据2005年发布的《中共中央宣传部 教育部关于进一步加强和改进高等学校思想政治理论课的意见》设置的，即通常所说的“05方案”。在近20年的思政课教学实践中，“05方案”对于加强和规范思政课的课程体系和教材体系，推进思政课的教育教学改革，提高思政课的课程质量和教学有效性，发挥了重要的历史性作用。但是随着中国特色社会主义进入新时代和中国化时代化马克思主义最新成果——习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的创立，“05方案”的与时俱进成了必然要求。先是全国重点马克思主义学院带头，而后是全国绝大部分高校在“05方案”的基础上开设了“习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想概论”的必修课，随后，中共中央宣传部会同教育部组织编写了《习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想概论》教材，这些都反映了全国青年学生的人心所向、思政课教师的理论自觉和思政课与时俱进的课程特点。在这样的形势下，进一步改革完善思政课课程体系和教材体系，建设以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为核心内容的思政课课程体系和教材体系势在必行。

III. Adhere to the synchronous advancement of ideological and political theory course construction and the armed forces with the Party’s innovative theory, and reform and innovate the teaching content of ideological and political theory courses

三、坚持思政课建设与党的创新理论武装同步推进，改革创新思政课教学内容

On the basis of reforming and improving the curriculum system and textbook system of ideological and political theory courses, reforming and innovating teaching content is another important task for the construction of ideological and political theory courses in the New Era.

在改革完善思政课课程体系和教材体系的基础上，改革创新教学内容是新时代思政课建设的又一项重要任务。

First, the Party’s innovative theory should be taken as important content of ideological and political theory courses to arm students’ minds. Since its founding over 100 years ago, the Communist Party of China, in the long process of revolution, construction, and reform, has continuously deepened its understanding and grasp of the laws of governance by the Communist Party of China, the laws of socialist construction, and the laws of the development of human society, opening up a new realm of theory and practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and continuously enhancing confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics, providing strong support for the construction of ideological and political theory courses. The profound and extensive excellent traditional culture formed by the Chinese nation over thousands of years, together with the revolutionary culture and advanced socialist culture forged by the Communist Party of China leading the people over a long period, jointly provide a deep strength for the construction of ideological and political theory courses. Since reform and opening up, especially since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Communist Party of China has adhered to theoretical innovation, continuously introducing new theories based on new practices, providing scientific guidance for formulating various policies and advancing various tasks. Comprehensively advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-path modernization; vigorously developing new quality productive forces, adhering to and improving the basic socialist economic system, and building a high-level socialist market economy system; adhering to and improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and advancing the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity; unswervingly following the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, adhering to the organic unity of Party leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and law-based governance, developing whole-process people’s democracy, and improving the system of the people being the masters of the country; developing advanced socialist culture, cultivating and practicing core socialist values, and building a harmonious socialist society; promoting green development, advancing the construction of a beautiful China, and deepening the reform of the ecological civilization system; expanding opening up, and building a new system of an open economy; unswervingly implementing a holistic approach to national security, and advancing the modernization of the national security system and capacity; promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, advancing the Belt and Road Initiative, and adhering to a correct view of righteousness and benefit; strengthening the Party’s governance capacity building; adhering to the path of strengthening the military with Chinese characteristics, and realizing the Party’s goal of strengthening the military under the new situation, etc., are all innovative categories and theories with originality and epochal character proposed by our Party. Promoting these innovative theoretical achievements of the Party to enter the classrooms and textbooks of ideological and political theory courses is an important part of the construction of ideological and political theory courses, and making them enter the minds and hearts of young students is an important task for the construction of ideological and political theory courses in the New Era.

一是要将党的创新理论作为思政课的重要内容，武装学生头脑。中国共产党自成立100多年来，在长期的革命、建设、改革过程中，对中国共产党执政规律、社会主义建设规律、人类社会发展规律的认识和把握不断深化，开辟了中国特色社会主义理论和实践新境界，中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信不断增强，为思政课建设提供了有力支撑。中华民族几千年来所形成的博大精深的优秀传统文化，与中国共产党带领人民长期锻造的革命文化和社会主义先进文化，一同为思政课建设提供了深厚力量。改革开放以来，特别是党的十八大以来，中国共产党坚持理论创新，不断根据新的实践推出新的理论，为我们制定各项方针政策、推进各项工作提供了科学指导。以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴；大力发展新质生产力，坚持和完善社会主义基本经济制度，构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制；坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度，推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化；坚定不移走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路，坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，发展全过程人民民主，健全人民当家作主制度体系；发展社会主义先进文化，培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，建设社会主义和谐社会；推动绿色发展，推进美丽中国建设，深化生态文明体制改革；扩大开放，构建开放型经济新体制；坚定不移贯彻总体国家安全观，推进国家安全体系和能力现代化；推动构建人类命运共同体，推进“一带一路”建设，坚持正确义利观；加强党的执政能力建设；坚持走中国特色强军之路，实现党在新形势下的强军目标等，都是我们党提出的具有原创性、时代性的创新范畴和理论。推动党的这些创新理论成果进入思政课课堂和思政课教材，是思政课建设的重要内容，让青年学生入脑入心，是新时代思政课建设的重要任务。

Second, the educational and inspirational role of the great achievements obtained in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New Era should be fully utilized, enriching the teaching content of ideological and political theory courses, telling the stories of the New Era well, and guiding students to comprehend the practical power of the Party’s innovative theory. On the basis of the long-term struggle led by the Communist Party of China with the people, we have achieved the “two miracles” of rapid economic growth and long-term social stability. [8]8 The “two miracles” is a standard Party formulation referring to China’s rapid economic growth and sustained social stability since reform and opening up. Entering the New Era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has adhered to Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of the “Three Represents,” and the Scientific Outlook on Development, comprehensively implemented Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, comprehensively implemented the Party’s basic line and basic strategy, adopted a series of strategic measures, advanced a series of transformative practices, achieved a series of breakthrough progress, obtained a series of landmark achievements, withstood tests and challenges from political, economic, ideological, natural, and other aspects, and the cause of the Party and the state has achieved historic accomplishments and undergone historic changes, propelling our country onto a new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country.

二是要充分发挥新时代中国特色社会主义事业所取得的伟大成就的教育激励作用，丰富思政课教学内容，讲好新时代故事，引导学生感悟党的创新理论的实践伟力。在中国共产党带领人民长期奋斗的基础上，我们取得了经济快速增长和社会长期稳定“两大奇迹”。进入新时代，以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚持马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观，全面贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，全面贯彻党的基本路线、基本方略，采取一系列战略性举措，推进一系列变革性实践，实现一系列突破性进展，取得一系列标志性成果，经受住了来自政治、经济、意识形态、自然界等方面的风险挑战考验，党和国家事业取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革，推动我国迈上全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程。

Through successive struggles, China has completed the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and its development now stands at a higher historical starting point. We have implemented targeted poverty alleviation, won the largest battle against poverty in human history, removed all 832 impoverished counties from the poverty list, lifted nearly 100 million rural poor out of poverty, and historically resolved the problem of absolute poverty, making a major contribution to the global cause of poverty reduction.[5]5 "Four Confidences" refers to confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics.(P7-8) We have put forward and fully implemented the new development philosophy, focused on promoting high-quality development, worked to foster a new development pattern, implemented supply-side structural reform, and formulated a series of major regional strategies of overall significance, achieving a historic leap in China’s economic strength. GDP grew from 54 trillion yuan in 2012 to over 126 trillion yuan in 2023, firmly ranking second in the world; per capita GDP rose from 39,800 yuan to 81,000 yuan. Grain output has remained the highest in the world, and the food and energy security of over 1.4 billion people has been effectively guaranteed. The urbanization rate has reached 64.7%. Manufacturing scale and foreign exchange reserves rank first in the world. The world’s largest high-speed railway network and expressway network have been built, and major achievements have been made in infrastructure construction such as airports, ports, water conservancy, energy, and information technology. We have accelerated self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology, with the total number of R&D personnel ranking first in the world. Basic research and original innovation have been continuously strengthened, breakthroughs have been made in some key core technologies, strategic emerging industries have grown stronger, and major results have been achieved in manned spaceflight, lunar and Mars exploration, deep-sea and deep-earth exploration, supercomputers, satellite navigation, quantum information, nuclear power technology, new energy technology, large aircraft manufacturing, biomedicine, etc., entering the ranks of innovative countries.[5]5 "Four Confidences" refers to confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics.(P8)

经过接续奋斗，我国全面建成了小康社会，发展站在了更高的历史起点上。我们坚持精准扶贫，打赢了人类历史上规模最大的脱贫攻坚战，全国832个贫困县全部摘帽，近1亿农村贫困人口实现脱贫，历史性地解决了绝对贫困问题，为全球减贫事业作出了重大贡献。[5](P7-8)我们提出并全面贯彻新发展理念，着力推进高质量发展，推动构建新发展格局，实施供给侧结构性改革，制定一系列具有全局性意义的区域重大战略，我国经济实力实现历史性跃升。国内生产总值从2012年的54万亿元增长到2023年的126万多亿元，稳居世界第二位；人均国内生产总值从39 800元增加到81 000元。谷物总产量稳居世界首位，14亿多人的粮食安全、能源安全得到有效保障。城镇化率达到64.7%。制造业规模、外汇储备稳居世界第一。建成世界最大的高速铁路网、高速公路网，机场港口、水利、能源、信息等基础设施建设取得重大成就。我们加快推进科技自立自强，研发人员总量居世界首位。基础研究和原始创新不断加强，一些关键核心技术实现突破，战略性新兴产业发展壮大，载人航天、探月探火、深海深地探测、超级计算机、卫星导航、量子信息、核电技术、新能源技术、大飞机制造、生物医药等取得重大成果，进入创新型国家行列。[5](P8)

With tremendous political courage, we have comprehensively deepened reform, launched a battle for reform, strengthened the top-level design of reform, dared to advance into uncharted waters, dared to gnaw on hard bones, dared to wade through dangerous shoals, dared to face new contradictions and challenges, broke through the shackles of ideological concepts, broke through the barriers of solidified interests, resolutely eliminated institutional and mechanistic drawbacks in all areas, basically established the basic institutional framework in various fields, and achieved historic changes, systematic reshaping, and overall reconstruction in many areas. A new round of reform of Party and state institutions has been fully completed, the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics has become more mature and more established, and the level of modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity has been significantly improved.

我们以巨大的政治勇气全面深化改革，打响改革攻坚战，加强改革顶层设计，敢于突进深水区，敢于啃硬骨头，敢于涉险滩，敢于面对新矛盾新挑战，冲破思想观念束缚，突破利益固化藩篱，坚决破除各方面体制机制弊端，各领域基础性制度框架基本建立，许多领域实现历史性变革、系统性重塑、整体性重构，新一轮党和国家机构改革全面完成，中国特色社会主义制度更加成熟更加定型，国家治理体系和治理能力现代化水平明显提高。

We have implemented a more proactive strategy of opening up, built a globally oriented high-standard free trade zone network, accelerated the construction of pilot free trade zones and the Hainan Free Trade Port, and the joint construction of the Belt and Road Initiative has become a widely welcomed international public good and platform for international cooperation. China has become a major trading partner for

我们实行更加积极主动的开放战略，构建面向全球的高标准自由贸易区网络，加快推进自由贸易试验区、海南自由贸易港建设，共建“一带一路”成为深受欢迎的国际公共产品和国际合作平台。我国成为140多个国家和地区的主要贸易伙伴，货物贸易总额居世界第一，吸引外资和对外投资居世界前列，形成更大范围、更宽领域、更深层次对外开放格局。

We have adhered to the path of political development with Chinese characteristics, comprehensively developed whole-process people's democracy, and advanced the institutionalization, standardization, and proceduralization of socialist democratic politics in an all-round way. Socialist consultative democracy has been widely carried out, the people's role as masters of the country has become more solid, the vitality of grassroots democracy has increased, the patriotic united front has been consolidated and expanded, ethnic unity and progress have taken on a new look, the Party's fundamental policy on religious work has been fully implemented, and human rights have been better protected. The building of a socialist country under the rule of law has been deepened, the overall framework of law-based governance has taken basic shape, the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics has been accelerated, major progress has been made in the reform of the judicial system, the guarantee of social fairness and justice has become more solid, and a new situation has been created in the construction of a rule-of-law China.

我们坚持走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路，全面发展全过程人民民主，社会主义民主政治制度化、规范化、程序化全面推进，社会主义协商民主广泛开展，人民当家作主更为扎实，基层民主活力增强，爱国统一战线巩固拓展，民族团结进步呈现新气象，党的宗教工作基本方针得到全面贯彻，人权得到更好保障。社会主义法治国家建设深入推进，全面依法治国总体格局基本形成，中国特色社会主义法治体系加快建设，司法体制改革取得重大进展，社会公平正义保障更为坚实，法治中国建设开创新局面。

We have thoroughly implemented the people-centered development philosophy, continuously exerted efforts in ensuring access to childcare, education, employment, medical services, elderly care, housing, and support for the vulnerable, and improved people's lives in all respects. The per capita disposable income of residents has increased from 16,500 yuan to 39,218 yuan. The average annual urban new employment has exceeded 13 million people. We have built the world's largest education system, social security system, and medical and health system, achieving a historic leap in the level of education popularization. The people's sense of gain, happiness, and security has become more substantial, more guaranteed, and more sustainable, and new achievements have been made in common prosperity.

我们深入贯彻以人民为中心的发展思想，在幼有所育、学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居、弱有所扶上持续用力，人民生活全方位改善。居民人均可支配收入从16 500元增加到39 218元。城镇新增就业年均1 300万人以上。建成世界上规模最大的教育体系、社会保障体系、医疗卫生体系，教育普及水平实现历史性跨越。人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感更加充实、更有保障、更可持续，共同富裕取得新成效。

Practice is the best teacher, and facts speak louder than words. Introducing the great achievements of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics as content into ideological and political theory courses is of great significance for guiding students to appreciate the practical power of the Party's innovative theories and to strengthen the "Four Confidences" [9]9 The "Four Confidences" (四个自信) refers to confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics.. Of course, because practice develops with each passing day, while the textbooks for ideological and political theory courses are relatively stable, adhering to the synchronous advancement of the construction of ideological and political theory courses and the arming of the Party's innovative theories requires both strengthening the construction of textbooks and revising them in a timely manner, and fully mobilizing the enthusiasm and creativity of teachers, doing a good job in transforming the textbook system into a teaching system, and giving full play to the active role of teachers in synchronously advancing the achievements of the Party's innovative theories and practical development with the construction of ideological and political theory courses in the teaching process.

实践是最好的老师，事实胜于雄辩。把中国特色社会主义事业所取得的伟大成就作为思政课内容引入思政课堂，对于引导学生感悟党的创新理论的实践伟力，增强“四个自信”具有重要的意义。当然，由于实践发展日新月异，思政课教材则相对稳定，坚持思政课建设与党的创新理论武装同步推进，既要加强教材建设，适时修订教材，又要充分调动教师的积极性和创造性，做好教材体系转化为教学体系的工作，充分发挥教师在教学过程中将党的创新理论和实践发展的成就与思政课建设同步推进的能动作用。

IV. Adhere to the Close Integration of the Small Classroom of Ideological and Political Theory Courses with the Big Classroom of Society, and Make Good Use of the "Big Ideological and Political Theory Course" to Create a New Situation in the Construction of Ideological and Political Theory Courses

四、坚持思政小课堂和社会大课堂紧密结合，善用“大思政课”开创思政课建设新局面

With a scientific curriculum system, textbook system, and rich teaching content, ideological and political theory courses also require lively, effective teaching methods and approaches. Xi Jinping pointed out, "The essence of ideological and political theory courses is to explain principles, and attention must be paid to methods and approaches to explain the principles deeply, thoroughly, and vividly." [6]6 "Two Centenary Goals" refers to the goals of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the centenary of the CPC (founded in 1921) and building a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the centenary of the People's Republic of China (founded in 1949). "Ideological and political theory courses should not only be taught in the classroom but also in social life," and "'The big ideological and political theory course' we must make good use of." [7]7 The “05 Plan” refers to the 2005 curriculum reform for ideological and political theory courses in Chinese higher education, which established a standardized set of required courses (e.g., “Introduction to Mao Zedong Thought and the Theoretical System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics”) and textbooks.

思政课有了科学的课程体系、教材体系和丰富的教学内容，也要有生动活泼、行之有效的教学方式与方法。习近平指出，“思政课的本质是讲道理，要注重方式方法，把道理讲深、讲透、讲活”。[6]“思政课不仅应该在课堂上讲，也应该在社会生活中来讲”，“‘大思政课’我们要善用之”。[7]

Regarding the good use of the "big ideological and political theory course," there has been considerable discussion in academia. The "big ideological and political theory course" means that ideological and political theory courses should not only be taught in school classrooms but also in social life and in practice. Marxism has a basic viewpoint that social life is essentially practical. In this sense, teaching the "big ideological and political theory course" in social life means taking social practice as the big classroom and realizing the combination of the small classroom of ideological and political theory courses with the big classroom of society. Social practice includes past practice, which is history. Therefore, ideological and political theory courses should educate young students in historical materialism, Party history education, the history of New China, the history of reform and opening up, the history of socialist development, and the history of the development of the Chinese nation. It also includes current practice, which is what we are doing now: comprehensively deepening reform and opening up and comprehensively building a modern socialist country, and promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization. Therefore, education in Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is necessary, so that young students firmly grasp the fundamental guiding ideology and theoretical guide for comprehensively building a modern socialist country, organize students to participate in the practice of reform, opening up, and socialist modernization, to experience the world and gain experience in practice, to improve their ideological understanding, and to learn knowledge and skills. It also includes future practice under the guidance of theory, which requires looking forward, educating young students to use the worldview and methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, to use the scientific methodology of Marxism adapted to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, to grasp the world and the future. Starting from the core of social practice, teaching ideological and political theory courses in the big classroom of the era, history, society, and practice, combining theoretical knowledge with practical knowledge, thereby improving the effectiveness of ideological and political theory courses.

对于善用“大思政课”，学界已有较多讨论。“大思政课”就是思政课不仅要在学校课堂上讲，还要在社会生活中讲，在实践中讲。马克思主义有一个基本观点，就是社会生活本质上是实践的。从这个意义上说，在社会生活中讲“大思政课”，就是要以社会实践为大课堂，实现思政小课堂与社会大课堂相结合。社会实践包括过去的实践，这是历史，所以思政课要对青年学生进行唯物史观教育，进行党史教育、新中国史教育、改革开放史教育、社会主义发展史教育、中华民族发展史教育；也包括现在的实践，就是我们正在做的事情，就是全面深化改革开放和全面建设社会主义现代化国家，以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴。所以要进行习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想教育，使青年学生牢牢把握全面建设社会主义现代化国家的根本指导思想和理论指南，组织学生投身改革开放和社会主义现代化建设实践，到实践中去经风雨见世面，提高思想认识，学知识长本领；还包括将来在理论指导下的实践，这就要向前看，教育青年学生运用辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的世界观方法论，运用中国化时代化马克思主义的科学方法论，把握世界，把握未来。从社会实践这个核心出发，把思政课放到时代、历史、社会、实践大课堂上来讲，将理论知识与实践知识结合起来，以此提高思政课的有效性。

Making good use of the "grand ideological and political courses" can take flexible and diverse forms, such as building social practice bases, establishing red culture education bases, and conducting investigations and research on the front lines of reform and opening up and socialist modernization. The purpose is to make good use of the great classroom of social practice, to expand a new pattern of comprehensive education through "grand ideological and political courses," to combine the small classroom of ideological and political courses with the big classroom of society, to promote students' better understanding of national conditions and public sentiment, to strengthen their ideals and convictions, and to cultivate socialist builders and successors. It should be noted that emphasizing the use of "grand ideological and political courses" to explain great principles hinges on closely integrating classroom teaching with social practice teaching, so that the two complement each other. Social practice cannot replace school classrooms, nor should one be confined to school classrooms and work behind closed doors; rather, the two should be well integrated. In particular, ideological and political courses should be placed within the broader context of the strategic overall situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the changes unseen in a century in the world, seizing the major topic of advancing Chinese-path modernization. From the combination of theory and practice, it is necessary to clearly explain the great achievements made since socialism with Chinese characteristics entered the New Era, the basic experience of continuously opening up new horizons for adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, the great revolution of the New Era and the new journey, and the great significance of the Two Establishments.[10]10 Tongxin (同心) — literally "united heart," a common pen name used by editors of Chinese online platforms affiliated with the CPC, indicating collective editorial responsibility. Rich historical and cultural resources should be fully utilized, closely linking the course of struggle in which the Communist Party of China unites and leads the Chinese people, to clearly explain the internal logic of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, and to explain why history and the people chose the Communist Party of China and chose Marxism. Education should guide students to further strengthen the Four Confidences,[11] "integrate the small self into the big self," and grow into outstanding talents with Chinese sentiments and a global vision.

善用“大思政课”，形式可以灵活多样，例如建设社会实践基地，建设红色文化教育基地，到改革开放和社会主义现代化建设第一线调查研究等，目的就是要用好社会实践大课堂，以“大思政课”拓展全面育人新格局，把思政小课堂和社会大课堂结合起来，推动学生更好了解国情民情，坚定理想信念，培养社会主义建设者和接班人。需要注意的是，强调用好“大思政课”，讲好大道理，关键是把课堂教学和社会实践教学紧密结合起来，使二者相得益彰，不能用社会实践代替学校课堂，也不能只局限在学校课堂闭门造车，而是应该将二者很好地结合起来。特别是要把思政课放到中华民族伟大复兴战略全局和世界百年未有之大变局的大背景下，抓住推进中国式现代化的大课题，从理论与实践的结合上讲清楚中国特色社会主义进入新时代以来取得的伟大成就，讲清楚不断开辟马克思主义中国化时代化新境界的基本经验和新时代新征程的伟大革命，讲清楚“两个确立”的伟大意义。要充分运用丰富的历史文化资源，紧密联系中国共产党团结带领中国人民奋斗的历程，讲清楚马克思主义中国化时代化的内在逻辑，讲清楚为什么历史和人民选择了中国共产党、选择了马克思主义。要教育引导学生进一步坚定“四个自信”，“把小我融入大我”，成长为具有中国情怀、全球视野的优秀人才。

V. Strengthen Party Leadership, Build a High-Level Teacher Team

五、加强党的领导，建设高水平教师队伍

Strengthening Party leadership is an important guarantee for strengthening the construction of ideological and political courses and running them well in the New Era. Party committees (Party groups) in all localities and units should care about the construction of ideological and political courses, strengthen Party leadership over them, and provide political and organizational guarantees for running them well. Party committees at all levels should assume political responsibility, mobilize enthusiasm from all sides, pay close attention to the implementation of work, establish a work pattern of unified leadership by the Party committee, joint management by the Party and government, respective responsibilities of relevant departments, and coordinated cooperation across the whole society, and promote the formation of a good atmosphere in which the entire Party and society run ideological and political courses well to cultivate socialist builders and successors, forming a strong joint force. Leading members of university Party committees should take the lead in entering the classroom, promote the construction of ideological and political courses, care about the construction of the teacher team for ideological and political courses, and provide human and financial support for ideological and political courses.

加强党的领导是新时代加强思政课建设、办好思政课的重要保证。各地各单位党委（党组）都要关心思政课的建设，加强党对思政课的领导，为办好思政课提供政治上和组织上的保证。各级党委要担起政治责任，调动各方面积极性，狠抓工作落实，建立党委统一领导、党政齐抓共管、有关部门各负其责、全社会协同配合的工作格局，推动形成全党全社会办好思政课培养社会主义建设者和接班人的良好氛围，形成强大的合力。高校党委领导要带头走进课堂，推动思政课建设，关心思政课教师队伍建设，提供对思政课的人力财力支持。

In the New Era, strengthening the construction of ideological and political courses is fundamentally and critically dependent on teachers. Xi Jinping has put forward clear requirements for ideological and political course teachers and placed high hopes on them. At the Symposium for Teachers of Ideological and Political Theory Courses in Schools, he stated: "The key to running ideological and political theory courses well lies in the teachers, and the key lies in mobilizing the teachers' enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity."[2]2 The quotation is from Xi Jinping's speech at the symposium for teachers of ideological and political theory courses in schools on March 18, 2019. Ideological and political course teachers should plant the seeds of truth, goodness, and beauty in students' hearts, guiding them to fasten the first button of their lives.[12] He requires ideological and political course teachers to be strong in politics, deep in sentiment, new in thinking, broad in vision, strict in self-discipline, and upright in personality. We must bear in mind the Party's teachings, be models for building good ideological and political courses in the New Era, cultivate more socialist builders and successors, and contribute to building a great modern socialist country and achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation!

新时代加强思政课建设，基础和关键在教师。习近平对思政课教师提出明确的要求，寄予厚望。在学校思想政治理论课教师座谈会上他提出：“办好思想政治理论课关键在教师，关键在发挥教师的积极性、主动性、创造性。”[2]思政课教师要给学生心灵埋下真善美的种子，引导学生扣好人生第一粒扣子。他要求思政课教师政治要强，情怀要深，思维要新，视野要广，自律要严，人格要正。我们要牢记党的教诲，做新时代建设好思政课的模范，培养更多的社会主义建设者和接班人，为建成社会主义现代化强国、实现中华民族伟大复兴贡献力量！

To strengthen the construction of the teacher team for ideological and political courses, efforts must be made to improve quality. In recent years, the Ministry of Education, local governments, and Party organizations in universities have all taken effective

加强思政课教师队伍建设，要在提高质量上下功夫。近年来教育部和各地、各高校党组织都采取了得力措施落实习近平关于建设好教师队伍的要求，取得了显著成效，思政课教师队伍不断发展壮大。新时代推进思政课建设，要着力提高教师队伍的质量，从而为思政课的实效性提供保证。提高教师队伍的质量，教师要对自身严格要求，在政治情怀、思想道德、专业知识、思维视野、人格修养等多方面作出努力，教育主管部门和学校领导也要加强对教师的领导和关心，探索科学合理的思政课教师评价体系，完善教师地位和待遇保障机制，为教师潜心育人提供良好的氛围和条件。

(Author’s bio: Pang Jinju, Chair of the Advisory Committee for Teaching Ideological and Political Theory Courses in Institutions of Higher Education under the Ministry of Education, Chair Professor and Doctoral Supervisor at Nankai University)

（作者简介：逄锦聚，教育部高等学校思想政治理论课教学指导咨询委员会主任委员，南开大学讲席教授、博士生导师）

Online editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心