Work Hard on the Construction of the University Curriculum System, Uphold Fundamental Principles and Break New Ground to Promote the Connotative Development of Ideological and Political Course Construction

Recently, General Secretary Xi Jinping issued an important directive on the construction of ideological and political courses in schools, pointing out that “we must always uphold the guiding role of Marxism, take the achievements of socialism with Chinese characteristics that have attracted worldwide attention as the content support, take fine traditional Chinese culture, revolutionary culture, and advanced socialist culture as the foundation of strength, explain principles thoroughly, clearly, and vividly, uphold fundamental principles and break new ground to promote the connotative development of ideological and political course construction, and continuously improve the pertinence and appeal of ideological and political courses.” This points the way forward for advancing the construction of ideological and political courses on the new journey.

近日，习近平总书记对学校思政课建设作出重要指示指出，“要始终坚持马克思主义指导地位，以中国特色社会主义取得的举世瞩目成就为内容支撑，以中华优秀传统文化、革命文化和社会主义先进文化为力量根基，把道理讲深讲透讲活，守正创新推动思政课建设内涵式发展，不断提高思政课的针对性和吸引力。”为新征程上推进思政课建设指明前进方向。

In the modern education system, university ideological and political education courses are an important component of implementing the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education [1]1 “Fostering virtue through education” (立德树人) is a central concept in Chinese educational policy, emphasizing moral character cultivation as the foundation of talent development.. They aim to shape students’ values and social views, enhance their moral cultivation and personality quality, and cultivate high-quality builders and successors for the socialist cause. How to follow General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important directive, explain principles thoroughly, clearly, and vividly, uphold fundamental principles and break new ground to promote the connotative development of ideological and political course construction, requires working hard on the construction of the curriculum system. Exploring an ideological and political education curriculum system suitable for the development of university students has important practical significance.

在现代教育体系中，高校思想政治教育课程是落实立德树人根本任务的重要内容，它旨在塑造学生价值观、社会观，提升学生道德修养、人格品质，为社会主义事业培养高素质建设者和接班人。如何按照习近平总书记重要指示，把道理讲深讲透讲活，守正创新推动思政课建设内涵式发展，需要在课程体系建设上下功夫，探索适合高校学生发展的思政教育课程体系具有重要现实意义。

Some Problems Existing in the Construction of the University Ideological and Political Education Curriculum System

高校思想政治教育课程体系建设存在的一些问题

The university ideological and political education curriculum system mainly includes three categories: ideological and political courses, general education courses, and specialized courses. These three categories complement each other; they are both an organic whole, jointly undertaking the work of university ideological and political education, and differ in terms of course content, teaching arrangements, etc. Ideological and political courses refer to compulsory ideological and political courses, covering core courses such as Introduction to the Basic Principles of Marxism and Introduction to Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, with the main content being a comprehensive and in-depth exposition of the Marxist worldview and methodology, striving to shape students’ correct worldview, outlook on life, and values. General education courses focus on moral quality education, enhancing students’ moral quality and sense of social responsibility through the study and practice of students’ civic moral quality. Specialized courses are courses on professional knowledge and skills offered by training units according to training objectives, such as compulsory courses in various disciplines like literature, education, philosophy, and management.

高校思想政治教育课程体系主要包括思政课程、通识教育、专业课程三类，三类课程相辅相成，既是有机整体，共同承担高校思想政治教育工作，又在课程内容、教学安排等方面有所区别。思政课是指必修的思想政治课程，涵盖马克思主义基本原理概论、中国特色社会主义概论等核心课程，以全面深入阐述马克思主义世界观和方法论为主要内容，力图塑造学生的正确世界观、人生观和价值观。通识教育课以道德素质教育为主，通过学生公民道德素质的学习与实践，提升学生的道德素质和社会责任感。专业课程是培养单位根据培养目标开设的专业知识和技能课程，如文学、教育学、哲学、管理学等各学科的必修课程。

At present, some universities lack sufficient cognition and attention to the construction of the ideological and political course system, and do not fully comprehend the importance of curriculum system construction in fostering virtue through education, one-sidedly equating the construction of the ideological and political education curriculum system with the construction of ideological and political courses. At the same time, in some universities, the construction of the three categories of courses has not scientifically allocated course resources according to teaching objectives and student needs, and exploration in areas such as updating course content and diversifying teaching methods has not been deep enough, leading to the actual teaching effect falling short of expected goals. For example, in teaching, some university ideological and political education courses adopt an indoctrination-style theoretical education, overemphasizing positive propaganda and education, valuing theory over practice, and valuing preaching over communication, which not only affects students’ investment and participation but also reduces the interactivity of the teaching process; some teaching methods lack consideration of individual differences, treating every student with the same teaching method, paying insufficient attention to the cultivation of students’ autonomy and creative potential, neglecting individual personality and differences, so that the main role of students has not been effectively exerted; in terms of course assessment, some universities usually assess students’ learning through forms such as theoretical knowledge exams and academic paper writing. This practice of overemphasizing written theoretical examination often neglects the evaluation of students’ practical abilities. In addition, in some universities, it is still relatively common for ideological and political courses to focus on explaining theoretical knowledge without timely connection with other disciplines; general education courses focus on cultivating students’ moral quality, neglecting students’ learning of the basic principles of Marxism and the theoretical thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics; specialized courses focus on teaching professional knowledge, neglecting the construction of course-based ideological and political education [2]2 “Course-based ideological and political education” (课程思政) refers to the integration of ideological and political education content into all non-specialized courses, not just dedicated ideological and political courses..

目前，部分高校对思政课程体系的建设缺乏足够的认知和重视，并未充分领会课程体系建设在立德树人方面的重要性，片面地将思想政治教育课程体系建设等同于思政课程建设。同时，部分高校三类课程建设没有根据教学目标和学生需要科学配置课程资源，课程内容更新、教学方法多样化等方面的探索不够深入，导致教学实际效果达不到预期目标。如在教学方面，一些高校思政教育课程采用灌输式的理论教育，过分注重正面宣传教育，重理论轻实践，重说教轻沟通，不仅影响了学生的投入和参与度，也降低了教学环节的互动性；有的教学方式缺乏对个体差异的考虑，以同样的教学方法对待每一个学生，对学生自主性和创造潜力的培养重视程度不足，忽视了个体个性和差异性，使得学生的主体作用没有得到有效发挥；一些高校在课程考核方面，通常以理论知识考试、学术论文写作等形式考核学生的学习情况，这种偏重书面理论考察的做法往往忽略了对学生实践能力的评价。此外，在一些高校还较为普遍地存在思政课程多专注理论知识阐释，没有及时与其他学科专业关联起来；通识课专注培养学生的道德素质，忽视学生马克思主义基本原理、中国特色社会主义理论思想方面的学习；专业课专注专业知识的教学，忽视课程思政的建设等问题。

The Necessity of Constructing a University Ideological and Political Education Curriculum System

构建高校思想政治教育课程体系的必要性

Ideological and political education is a key link in implementing the educational concept of “education-oriented,” giving play to the political enlightening role of ideological and political courses and the educational guiding role of general education courses and specialized courses, forming a synergistic effect of the university ideological and political education curriculum system.

思想政治教育是实施“育人为本”教育理念的关键环节，发挥了思政课程的政治启迪作用和通识课、专业课的教育引领作用，形成了高校思想政治教育课程体系的合力效应。

Meeting the needs of modern society. Against the background of globalization and informatization, international exchanges are becoming increasingly frequent, and the field of social ideology and culture is facing the impact of various extreme values, which can easily affect students’ study and life and harm their physical and mental health. Constructing a complete university ideological and political education curriculum system can enrich and improve the construction of ideological and political education content, help students more comprehensively understand the core socialist values, and integrate them into personal beliefs, thereby transforming them into a driving force for practical action. At the same time, it can cultivate students to form a solid political stance and correct value orientation, improve critical thinking and autonomous learning ability, enabling them to make rational judgments in a complex and changing social environment.

满足现代化社会的需求。在全球化与信息化背景下，国际交流日益频繁，社会思想文化领域面临各种偏激价值观念的冲击，容易影响学生的学习和生活，危害身心健康。构建一套完整的高校思想政治教育课程体系，能够丰富和完善思政教育内容建设，帮助学生更全面地理解社会主义核心价值观，并将其融入个人信念，从而转化为实际行动的推动力。同时能够培养学生形成坚实的政治立场和正确的价值观导向，提高批判性思维和自主学习的能力，使他们在复杂多变的社会环境中作出理性判断。

Giving play to the educational function of other courses. In the curriculum system, ideological and political courses guide students to form correct values, while general education courses and specialized courses enable students to acquire professional knowledge and moral literacy. Integrating the knowledge, goals, and tasks of ideological and political courses into general education courses and specialized courses can tap the ideological and political education functions of various disciplines and promote the joint teaching of the three categories of courses. In the New Era, students show new changes in their ways of thinking and receiving information, with characteristics such as flexibility and openness in thinking, and a preference for independent thinking and judgment. The three categories of courses complement each other in terms of ideological and political functions. Students can come into contact with theories, viewpoints, and methods related to ideological and political education from fields of knowledge or professional teaching that interest them, thereby mobilizing students’ initiative and enthusiasm in learning ideological and political theory, and strengthening the teaching effect of ideological and political courses through subtle influence. While imparting knowledge, achieving the integration and intercommunication of ideological and political courses and professional knowledge can give play to the synergistic educational function, gradually improve personal ideological and moral cultivation, and achieve the fundamental goal of fostering virtue through education.

发挥其他课程育人功能。在课程体系中，思政课引导学生形成正确的价值观念，而通识课程和专业课程则能使学生具备专业知识和道德素养。将思政课程的知识、目标和任务融入通识课程和专业课程，能够挖掘各种学科的思政教育功能，推动三类课程合力教学。新时代的学生在思维方式和信息接收方式上呈现新变化，思维上具有灵活性、开放性等特点，喜欢独立思考和判断。三类课程在思政功能上相互补充，学生能够从感兴趣的知识领域或专业教学中接触与思政相关的理论、观点和方法，从而调动学生思政理论学习的主动性和积极性，在潜移默化中强化思政课程的教学效果。在传授知识的同时实现思政课程与专业知识的融合互通，能够发挥协同育人功能，逐步提高个人思想道德修养，以实现立德树人的根本目标。

Implementing a comprehensive and all-round educational concept. In the past, university ideological and political courses often had problems such as boring content, single methods, and being disconnected from students’ actual lives. Students were often prone to resistance, which seriously hindered the achievement of the expected results of university ideological and political education. The university ideological and political education curriculum system can systematically construct a comprehensive and all-round education method, integrate multiple teaching forms throughout the process, promote two-way interaction between teachers and students, shape students’ spiritual cultivation and moral values in all aspects, realize the transformation from stage-based education to whole-process education, and from ideological and political courses to an ideological and political course system, committed to cultivating students to become well-rounded talents.

贯彻全面全方位的教育理念。过去高校思政课程通常存在内容枯燥、方法单一、与学生实际生活脱节等问题，学生往往容易产生抵触情绪，严重阻碍了高校思政教育预期效果的达成。而高校思想政治教育课程体系能够系统地建设全面全方位的育人方式，全程融合多种教学形式，促进教师与学生之间的双向互动，全方位塑造学生的精神涵养和道德价值，实现阶段育人向全程育人、思政课程向思政课程体系的转变，致力于培养学生成为全面发展的人才。

Practical Paths for the University Ideological and Political Education Curriculum System

高校思想政治教育课程体系的实践路径

Universities should advance from the levels of curriculum setting, teaching methods, and teaching team, striving to construct an ideological and political education curriculum system with ideological and political courses as the core and general education courses and specialized courses working together in education.

高校应从课程设置、教学方法、师资团队等层面推进，着力构建以思政课为核心，通识教育和专业课程协同育人的思想政治教育课程体系。

Promoting the coordinated development of the three categories of courses and integrating teaching resources. A scientific and reasonable curriculum system construction is conducive to improving the ideological understanding level of university students. Schools should actively promote the concurrent and parallel development of ideological and political courses with general education courses and specialized courses, helping to innovate teaching models. The series of curriculum systems integrates multidisciplinary knowledge, adding course content related to ideological and political education to basic disciplines, which not only breaks down the barriers to integration between disciplines but also realizes the value of ideological and political education. At the same time, it is also possible to deeply explore the ideological and political elements in general education courses and specialized courses, integrate these elements into course teaching, and enrich teaching cases and course design. For example, in curriculum setting, teachers should customize teaching content based on what students think and care about, as well as hot and difficult issues, change monotonous, rigid, and grandiose practices, and make courses more aligned with students’ actual needs. At the same time, course content should be regularly updated, introducing the latest current political hot spots and cases to ensure the timeliness and relevance of teaching content. Another example is in course format, centering on the course theme, enriching teaching forms through interactive teaching methods such as group discussions, case analyses, and professional competitions, encouraging students to actively think and participate in discussions, enhancing students’ learning initiative and enthusiasm, and improving their comprehensive quality.

推进三类课程协同发展，整合教学资源。科学合理的课程体系建设有利于提升大学生的思想认识水平，学校要积极推动思政课程与通识课程、专业课程之间的同向同行发展，助力教学模式的创新。系列课程体系结合多学科知识，在基本学科中加入与思政教育有关的课程内容，既打破了学科之间融合的壁垒，又实现了思政教育的价值。同时也可以深挖通识课程和专业课程中的思政元素，将思政元素融入课程教学，丰富教学案例和课程设计。如在课程设置上，教师应根据学生所思所想和热点难点问题定制教学内容，改变单调生硬和假大空的做法，让课程更加贴合学生的实际需求。同时应定期更新课程内容，引入最新的时政热点和案例，以确保教学内容的时效性和相关性。又如在课程形式上，围绕课程主题，通过小组讨论、案例分析、专业比赛等互动式教学方法丰富教学形式，鼓励学生主动思考、参与讨论，增强学生学习的积极性和主动性，提高大学生的综合素质。

Follow the laws of ideological and political education and scientifically formulate teaching methods. University ideological and political education courses must be people-centered, starting from the growth environment and actual conditions of college students, and centering on students’ actual thinking and the issues they care about. The teaching methods of ideological and political courses in the curriculum should pay attention to the individualized characteristics and needs of students, adopt popular and appealing teaching methods, and create a serial teaching model linking the first, second, and third classrooms. The first classroom is the main battlefield of ideological and political teaching, which should focus on the study of political theory, give play to the exemplary and leading role of teachers, and improve teachers’ professional competence and moral quality. In teaching, attention should be paid to students’ ability to absorb knowledge, deepening knowledge instruction and theoretical study. The second classroom is the extracurricular extension of classroom teaching, which can broaden students’ horizons through methods such as ideological and political themed lectures and social practice activities, enabling students to connect what they have learned in the classroom with real-world issues and deepen their understanding and analysis of hot social issues. The third classroom focuses on practical experience and application. Students are encouraged to step out of the campus and go to study bases, museums, and other venues for on-site learning and social practice, consolidating and deepening theoretical knowledge through practical experience, and improving students’ practical operation ability and sense of social participation. The three classrooms cooperate and coordinate with each other, jointly enhancing college students’ practical level and value judgment ability in the process of combining theory and practice.

遵循思政教育规律，科学制定教学方法。高校思政教育课程要以人为本，从大学生的成长环境和现实状况入手，围绕学生思想实际及所关心的问题。课程思政教学方法应关注学生的个性化特点和需求，采用喜闻乐见的教学方式，打造第一、第二和第三课堂串联式教学。第一课堂是思政教学的主阵地，应着重政治理论学习，发挥教师的带头表率作用，提高老师的专业素养和道德素质。在教学时，应注重学生的知识吸收能力，深化知识教授和理论学习。第二课堂是课堂教学的课外延展，可以采用思政主题讲座、社会实践活动等方式拓宽学生的视野，使学生能够将课堂所学与现实问题相联系，加深对社会热点问题的理解和分析。第三课堂着重于实际体验和应用。鼓励学生走出校园，到研学基地、博物馆等场所进行现场学习和社会实践，通过实际体验来巩固和深化理论知识，提高学生的实践操作能力和社会参与意识。三个课堂协作配合，共同在理论与实践结合的过程中提升大学生的实践水平和价值判断能力。

Leverage the internet as a carrier to achieve the interconnection of online and offline resources. On the one hand, teachers should be adept at using online teaching methods to carry out ideological and political education, attach importance to students’ independent thinking and problem-solving abilities, integrate social cases as fresh material into classroom explanations, deeply analyze the social phenomena behind social events, and realize the value guidance of ideological and political education. Teachers should also actively apply information means to flexibly design interactive teaching methods, provide students with rich and diverse learning resources, and stimulate students’ subjective initiative. On the other hand, teachers can use online course platforms to build an online ideological and political education course system, enabling students to achieve information acquisition, knowledge learning, and interactive communication at zero distance, increasing students’ opportunities for active learning and deepening their understanding of the connection between political theory and practical application. Teachers can also use data analysis tools to monitor students’ learning progress, adjust teaching strategies based on feedback, and ensure that each student receives a personalized learning experience.

借助互联网载体，实现线上线下资源互通。一方面教学者应善于利用网络教学手段开展思政教育，重视学生的独立思考和问题解决能力，将社会案例作为新鲜素材融入课堂讲解，深入剖析社会事件背后所蕴含的社会现象，实现思政教育价值引领。教学者还应积极应用信息手段灵活设计互动教学方式，为学生提供丰富多样的学习资源，激发学生的主观能动性。另一方面，教学者可以借助网络课程平台，搭建线上思政教育课程体系，使学生能够零距离实现信息获取、知识学习以及互动交流等功能，增加学生主动学习的机会，加深对政治理论与实际应用间关联的认识。教师还可以借助数据分析工具监控学生的学习进程，根据反馈调整教学策略，确保每位学生都能获得个性化的学习体验。

The construction of the university ideological and political course system should adapt to current changes in the situation and promote the development of ideological and political course teaching in the direction of modernization, contemporaneity, and diversification. System construction should possess systematic thinking, realize the organic integration of three types of courses—ideological and political courses, general education courses, and specialized courses—better integrate resources and coordinate development, so as to truly play the role of university ideological and political education courses in the ideological and political course system, and cultivate outstanding talents with noble ideological qualities and good moral cultivation.

建设高校思政课程体系应顺应当下形势变化，推动思想政治课程教学往时代化、现代化、多样化方向发展。体系建设应具备系统思维，实现思政课程、通识教育和专业课程三类课程有机融合，更好地整合资源、协调发展，才能真正发挥高校思政教育课程在思政课程体系中的作用，培养具有高尚思想品质和良好道德修养的优秀人才。

(The author is an associate professor at the School of Marxism, Xinjiang Normal University)

（作者系新疆师范大学马克思主义学院副教授）

Online editor: Huihui

网络编辑：慧慧