Promoting Supply-Side Reform of Ideological and Political Education Based on the Overall “Great Ideological and Political Work”

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized at the Second National Education Conference in the New Era: “The education powerhouse we aim to build is a socialist education powerhouse with Chinese characteristics, which should possess strong ideological and political guiding force, talent competitiveness, scientific and technological support, livelihood security, social synergy, and international influence, providing robust support for comprehensively advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization.” [1]1 The “Second National Education Conference in the New Era” refers to the National Education Conference held in 2024, the second such high-level meeting on education under Xi Jinping’s leadership, following the 2018 conference. The ideological and political guiding force ranks first among the “six forces,” fully reflecting the important role of implementing the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education [2]2 “Fostering virtue through education” (立德树人) is a core principle of Chinese education policy, emphasizing moral character development as the foundation of talent cultivation. and strengthening ideological and political education in building an education powerhouse. Higher education institutions should enhance the guiding force of “great ideological and political courses” to promote the integrity and innovation of school ideological and political education, scientifically grasp the relationship between “great ideological and political courses” and the “great ideological and political work” framework, as well as the relationship between “great ideological and political courses” and ideological and political courses, closely integrate theoretical teaching with practical teaching, continuously strengthen the supply-side reform of ideological and political education, and constantly expand a new pattern of comprehensive education.

习近平总书记在新时代第二次全国教育大会上强调：“我们要建成的教育强国，是中国特色社会主义教育强国，应当具有强大的思政引领力、人才竞争力、科技支撑力、民生保障力、社会协同力、国际影响力，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业提供有力支撑。”思政引领力居于“六力”之首，充分体现了落实立德树人根本任务、加强思想政治教育在教育强国建设中的重要作用。高校要以增强“大思政课”引领力推动学校思想政治教育守正创新，科学把握“大思政课”与“大思政”工作格局的关系、“大思政课”与思政课的关系，将理论教学与实践教学紧密结合，持续加强思想政治教育的供给侧改革，不断拓展全面育人新格局。

Grasping “Unity” and “Division”

把握“统”与“分”

“Great Ideological and Political Courses” Are an Important Lever for Expanding the “Great Ideological and Political Work” Framework

“大思政课”是拓展“大思政”工作格局的重要抓手

The concept of system and systematic thinking are important methods for Marxism to understand and grasp the world. Both the “great ideological and political work” framework and the construction of “great ideological and political courses” distinctly embody this standpoint, viewpoint, and method, and are both important components of the ideological and political work system in the New Era, but their connotations and extensions differ. The “great ideological and political work” framework emphasizes coordinating internal and external resources, forces, and elements of ideological and political education to form a work framework that is horizontal to the end, vertical to the edge, and comprehensively covering. The construction of “great ideological and political courses” focuses on improving the quality and efficiency of ideological and political courses, requiring the combination of the small classroom of ideological and political education with the big classroom of society, promoting students’ better understanding of national conditions and public sentiment, and strengthening their ideals and beliefs.

系统观念和系统思维是马克思主义认识和把握世界的重要方法。“大思政”工作格局和“大思政课”建设，都鲜明体现了这一立场观点方法，都是新时代思想政治工作体系的重要组成，但两者内涵和外延有所不同。“大思政”工作格局强调统筹思想政治教育内外部的资源、力量、要素，形成横向到底、纵向到边、全面覆盖的工作格局。“大思政课”建设聚焦思政课提质增效，要求把思政小课堂和社会大课堂结合起来，推动学生更好了解国情民情，坚定理想信念。

To comprehensively advance the construction of “great ideological and political courses,” it is necessary to incorporate them into the overall layout and planning of the university’s “great ideological and political work” framework, take effective measures in team building, institutional mechanisms, and condition guarantees, and promote the high-quality development of school ideological and political work through high-quality construction of “great ideological and political courses.” It is necessary to strengthen teacher team building, deeply implement the action of forging strong teachers with the spirit of educators, [3]3 The “spirit of educators” (教育家精神) is a concept promoted by Xi Jinping, calling on teachers to embody dedication, moral integrity, and professional excellence. coordinate internal and external teaching forces, and build a “great teaching force” composed of Party and government leaders, scientists, veterans, advanced models, and others, combining full-time and part-time staff. It is necessary to adhere to the simultaneous efforts of the “main channel” of classroom teaching, the “main front” of daily ideological and political work, and the “main battlefield” of online ideological and political work, incorporating all platform carriers that reflect course elements, such as ideological and political courses, general education courses, professional courses, and current affairs and policy courses, into the scope of “great ideological and political courses” construction, further improving a comprehensive, diverse, and progressively layered ideological and political education system. It is necessary to promote the integrated construction of ideological and political courses across universities, middle schools, and primary schools, building “great ideological and political courses” in a layered and spiraling manner, fully radiating university teaching forces and educational resources to middle and primary schools, achieving vertical connection and horizontal integration between “great ideological and political courses” teaching at different educational stages.

全面推进“大思政课”建设,需要将其纳入高校“大思政”工作格局进行整体布局、规划统筹,在队伍建设、制度机制、条件保障等方面采取有效措施，以高质量“大思政课”建设推动学校思想政治工作高质量发展。要加强教师队伍建设，深入落实教育家精神铸魂强师行动，联动校内外师资力量，打造党政领导、科学家、老同志、先进模范等组成的专兼结合的“大师资”队伍。要坚持课堂教学“主渠道”、日常思政“主阵地”、网络思政“主战场”同向发力，将思政课、通识课、专业课、形势政策课等体现课程元素的平台载体都纳入“大思政课”建设范畴，进一步完善覆盖全面、类型丰富、层次递进的思想政治教育体系。要推动大中小学思政课一体化建设，分层递进、螺旋上升建设“大思政课”，推动大学师资力量、育人资源向中小学充分辐射，实现各学段“大思政课”教学之间的纵向衔接与横向贯通。

Grasping “Change” and “Constancy”

把握“变”与“不变”

“Great Ideological and Political Courses” Cannot Deviate from Course Attributes

“大思政课”不能偏离课程属性

Compared with traditional ideological and political courses, “great ideological and political courses” have been comprehensively expanded in terms of teaching vision, resource fields, and organizational strength, but their educational goal of implementing the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education and cultivating builders and successors of socialism is consistent, and their course attributes and teaching attributes remain unchanged. It must be fully recognized that establishing “great ideological and political courses” does not mean creating a new course, but rather mobilizing social forces and resources through building a big classroom, a big platform, and a big teaching force to promote the reform and innovation of ideological and political courses.

相较于传统思政课，“大思政课”在教学的视野格局、资源场域、组织力量等方面都得到了全面拓展，但其落实立德树人根本任务、培养社会主义建设者和接班人的育人目标是一以贯之的，其课程属性、教学属性是始终不变的。必须充分认识到，开设“大思政课”，不是要创造一门新课，而是通过构建大课堂、大平台、大师资调动社会力量和资源，推动思政课改革创新。

It is necessary to firmly grasp the course attributes of “great ideological and political courses,” incorporate them into the ideological and political course teaching system for unified management, and enhance the practical effectiveness of “great ideological and political courses” in casting souls and educating people through clear teaching objectives, systematic teaching plans, authoritative teaching content, and standardized teaching management. At the same time, it is necessary to follow the objective laws of ideological and political course construction, consciously follow the laws of ideological guidance, academic research, education and teaching, and student growth in the process of “great ideological and political courses” construction, integrate political nature, ideological nature, academic nature, and professionalism throughout the entire process of course reform and innovation, thoroughly, clearly, and vividly explain the principles, and run the key first course and soul course for fostering virtue through education well.

要牢牢把握“大思政课”的课程属性，将“大思政课”纳入思政课教学体系进行统一管理，以明确的教学目标、系统的教学方案、权威的教学内容、规范的教学管理提升“大思政课”铸魂育人实效。同时，要遵循思政课建设的客观规律，在“大思政课”建设过程中自觉遵循思想引领规律、学术研究规律、教育教学规律、学生成长规律，将政治性、思想性、学术性、专业性贯穿于课程改革创新全过程，把道理讲深讲透讲活，办好立德树人的关键首课、灵魂大课。

Grasping “Small” and “Big”

把握“小”与“大”

“Great Ideological and Political Courses” Promote the Organic Combination of the Small Classroom of Ideological and Political Education with the Big Classroom of Society

“大思政课”推动思政小课堂同社会大课堂有机结合

The viewpoint of practice is a basic viewpoint of Marxist epistemology. “Great ideological and political courses” are a bridge and link that unify the theoretical teaching form and social practice teaching form of ideological and political courses. Through multi-resource introduction of course content, multi-dimensional expansion of teaching fields, and multi-field integration of educational subjects, they highly integrate theoretical education and practical education throughout the entire process of ideological and political course teaching, guiding students to transform spirit into motivation, belief into pursuit, and concept into action in the interaction between theory and practice.

实践的观点是马克思主义认识论的基本观点。“大思政课”是实现思政课课堂理论教学形态和社会实践教学形态相统一的桥梁纽带，通过课程内容的多资源导入、教学场域的多维度拓展、育人主体的多领域融合，将理论教育与实践教育高度融合于思政课教学全过程，引导学生在理论和实践的互动中化精神为动力、化信念为追求、化理念为行动。

It is necessary to further open up courses, achieve coordinated linkage between ideological and political course classrooms and social big platforms, and transform the precious resources emerging from the vast land, nurtured in vivid practice, and contained in social life into high-quality teaching content that enlightens wisdom and nourishes the heart. It is necessary to focus on using successful cases of great changes in the New Era, fully leverage the educational function of red resources, run “great ideological and political courses” with practical teaching as the theme, make good use of the practical teaching bases of “great ideological and political courses,” guide students to delve into the big classroom of society such as revolutionary holy sites, reform frontiers, scientific research frontlines, industrial and mining enterprises, and cultural venues, create various course forms such as memorial hall ideological and political courses, laboratory ideological and political courses, production line ideological and political courses, and museum ideological and political courses, help students internalize the theoretical knowledge and value concepts obtained in the small classroom of ideological and political education in an immersive context, and achieve the organic unity of knowledge transmission, value shaping, and ability enhancement.

要进一步开门办课，实现思政课课堂与社会大平台协同联动，让涌现在广袤大地、孕育于生动实践、蕴藏在社会生活中的宝贵资源转化为启智润心的高品质教学内容。要注重运用新时代伟大变革成功案例，充分发挥红色资源育人功能，办好以实践教学为主题的“大思政课”，用好用活“大思政课”实践教学基地,引导学生深入革命圣地、改革前沿、科研一线、工矿企业、文化场馆等社会大课堂，打造纪念馆思政课、实验室思政课、生产线思政课、博物馆思政课等多种课程形态，帮助学生在浸润式情境中内化思政小课堂上获取的理论知识、价值理念，实现知识传授、价值塑造和能力提升的有机统一。

Grasping “Supply” and “Demand”

把握“供”与“需”

“Great Ideological and Political Courses” Aim to Strengthen the Supply-Side Reform of Ideological and Political Education

“大思政课”旨在加强思政教育供给侧改革

Ideological and political courses are the main channel for guiding students’ thinking and values. It is necessary to fully respect the intergenerational characteristics and individual differences of the educated, start from the demand side, and through the construction of “great ideological and political courses,” purposefully strengthen the supply-side structural reform of ideological and political courses, handle the relationship between “what we give” and “what students want,” and continuously improve the pertinence and attractiveness of the courses.

思政课是对学生开展思想引领和价值引领的主渠道，要充分尊重受教育者代际特征和个体差异，从需求侧入手，通过“大思政课”建设有的放矢加强思政课供给侧结构性改革，处理好“我们给予的”与“学生想要的”之间的关系，不断提高课程的针对性和吸引力。

It is necessary to enrich the teaching content system, adhere to the simultaneous advancement of “great ideological and political courses” construction and the theoretical arming of the Party’s innovative theories, use the excellent traditional Chinese culture, revolutionary culture, and advanced socialist culture as the foundation of strength to enhance the depth of the courses, use the world-renowned achievements of socialism with Chinese characteristics as content support to enhance the breadth of the courses, and guide students to strengthen the “Four Consciousnesses” and the “Four Confidences” in the process of highlighting key points, creating highlights, and closely following hot spots. [4]4 The “Four Consciousnesses” (四个意识) are: consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership. The “Four Confidences” (四个自信) are: confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It is necessary to strengthen the empowerment of digital and intelligent technologies, use new digital experience technologies such as generative artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and digital twins to connect physical space and virtual space, build a new field of digital learning, present materials rich in ideological and political education value in the form of digital resources in front of teachers and students, and provide students with more intelligent, personalized, and precise educational resources.

要丰富教学内容体系，坚持“大思政课”建设与党的创新理论武装同步推进，以中华优秀传统文化、革命文化和社会主义先进文化为力量根基提升课程厚度，以中国特色社会主义取得的举世瞩目成就为内容支撑提升课程广度，在突出重点、打造亮点、紧盯热点的过程中引导学生增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”。要强化数智技术赋能，通过生成式人工智能、虚拟现实、数字孪生等新型数字体验技术，联通实体空间与虚拟空间，构筑数字化学习新场域，让蕴藏着丰富思想政治教育价值的素材以数字化资源的形式呈现在师生眼前，为学生提供更多智慧化、个性化、精准化的教育资源。

(Author: Lin Wei, Member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee and Minister of the Propaganda Department of the Party Committee of Beijing Institute of Technology)

（作者：蔺 伟，系北京理工大学党委常委、党委宣传部部长）

Online Editor: Huihui

网络编辑：慧慧