Upholding Fundamental Principles and Breaking New Ground to Promote the Connotative Development of Ideological and Political Course Construction in Higher Education

The connotative development of ideological and political course construction is an inevitable choice for higher education ideological and political education to adapt to the needs of the times and enhance the effectiveness of educating people. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee has consistently placed the construction of ideological and political courses in schools at an important position in educational work. General Secretary Xi Jinping made an important instruction on the construction of ideological and political courses in schools, emphasizing, “Uphold fundamental principles and break new ground to promote the connotative development of ideological and political course construction, and continuously improve the pertinence and appeal of ideological and political courses.” We must deeply study and implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important instruction, and properly handle the relationship between upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground on the basis of a firm correct direction and stance. On the one hand, we must firmly establish the correct political direction, value orientation, and educational orientation, and inherit the fine traditions and core essence of ideological and political courses in higher education; on the other hand, we must keep pace with the times, innovate teaching methods, means, and carriers, and cultivate new-era talents capable of shouldering the heavy task of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

思政课建设内涵式发展是高校思政教育适应时代需求、提升育人实效的必然选择。党的十八大以来，党中央始终坚持把学校思政课建设放在教育工作的重要位置。习近平总书记对学校思政课建设作出重要指示强调，“守正创新推动思政课建设内涵式发展，不断提高思政课的针对性和吸引力”。我们要深入学习贯彻落实习近平总书记重要指示精神，在坚定正确方向、立场的基础上处理好守正与创新的关系。一方面，要坚定正确的政治方向、价值取向与教育导向，传承高校思政课优良传统与核心要义；另一方面，坚持与时俱进，创新教学方法、手段、载体等，培养担当民族复兴重任的时代新人。

Upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground is an inevitable requirement for the connotative development of ideological and political course construction

守正创新是思政课建设内涵式发展的必然要求

Connotative development is a development model that takes internal elements of a thing as resource drivers. To promote the connotative development of ideological and political course construction, we must deeply explore the internal elements of ideological and political courses and their intrinsic relationships, always adhere to the guidance of Marxism, take fine traditional Chinese culture, revolutionary culture, and advanced socialist culture as the foundation of strength, base ourselves on the actual conditions of various localities, integrate local historical and cultural resources with ideological and political elements, promote high-quality development of ideological and political course construction, and realize a shift from the traditional development model of ideological and political courses characterized by scale expansion and quantitative growth to one focusing on the improvement of educational quality and the pursuit of qualitative leaps. We must adhere unwaveringly to the basic principles of Marxism, adhere unwaveringly to the comprehensive leadership of the Party, adhere unwaveringly to socialism with Chinese characteristics, and strengthen our confidence in the culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Only by upholding fundamental principles can we avoid losing our direction and making subversive mistakes, distinguish right from wrong, and consolidate the foundation for the connotative development of ideological and political course construction; only by promoting reform and innovation in ideological and political courses, adhering to the guidance of the “Eight Unifications” [1]1 The “Eight Unifications” refers to eight pairs of dialectical relationships in ideological and political course reform, including the unification of political and academic rationality, value and knowledge transmission, theoretical and practical teaching, and others, as outlined by Xi Jinping in 2019., and continuously enhancing the appeal,感染力, pertinence, and effectiveness of ideological and political courses, can we continuously open up new prospects for ideological and political education in the New Era.

内涵式发展是以事物内部要素作为资源动力的发展模式。推动思政课建设内涵式发展，要深入挖掘思政课内部诸要素及其内在关系，始终坚持以马克思主义为指导，以中华优秀传统文化、革命文化和社会主义先进文化为力量根基，立足各地实际，整合各地历史文化资源与思政元素，推动思政课建设高质量发展，实现由规模扩张与数量增长的传统思政课发展模式到聚焦教育质量提升、追求质的飞跃。我们要坚持马克思主义基本原理不动摇，坚持党的全面领导不动摇，坚持中国特色社会主义不动摇，坚定中国特色社会主义文化自信。只有守正才能不迷失方向、不犯颠覆性错误，才能明辨是非，夯实思政课建设内涵式发展的根基；只有推动思政课改革创新，坚持以“八个相统一”为导向，不断增强思政课的吸引力、感染力、针对性和实效性，才能不断开创新时代思政教育新局面。

Upholding fundamental principles means adhering to the leadership of the Party, adhering to the guiding position of Marxism, firming up socialist beliefs, and firmly establishing the correct political direction. Marxism, as a scientific worldview and methodology, reveals the general laws of the development of human society. The wisdom of dialectical materialism and historical materialism it contains provides a scientific theoretical foundation for ideological and political courses in higher education. Fine traditional Chinese culture, with its long history, extensive profundity, and broadness, is the crystallization of the wisdom of Chinese civilization. The rich resources of traditional culture provide vivid examples for the construction of ideological and political courses, helping to cultivate students’ noble moral character. The construction of ideological and political courses in higher education must enhance the identification with Chinese culture, deeply cultivate the foundation of cultural confidence, deeply explore the contemporary value and ideological connotations, and gradually guide students to deeply understand ideological and political theories, from theoretical origins to practical exploration and innovative development.

守正要坚持党的领导，坚持马克思主义指导地位，坚定社会主义信仰，坚定正确的政治方向。马克思主义作为科学的世界观与方法论，揭示了人类社会发展的一般规律，其蕴含的辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义智慧，为高校思政课提供了科学理论基石。中华优秀传统文化源远流长、博大精深，是中华文明的智慧结晶，丰富的传统文化资源为思政课建设提供了生动范例，助力培养学生高尚品德。高校思政课建设要增进中华文化认同，厚植文化自信根基，深入挖掘时代价值和思想内涵，从理论渊源、实践探索到创新发展，逐步引导学生深入理解思政理论。

Breaking new ground must take educational concepts that keep pace with the times as the starting point, closely combine with the pulse of the times, and pay attention to social hotspots and students’ professional needs. Traditional ideological and political education concepts mostly focus on knowledge indoctrination, with students passively receiving knowledge and the classroom atmosphere relatively dull. Modern ideological and political education concepts emphasize a student-centered approach, focusing on students’ subjective experience and independent inquiry, fully mobilizing students’ initiative and stimulating their in-depth thinking. On the one hand, classroom teaching and practical teaching must be organically combined, guiding students to use ideological and political course theories to analyze the world situation, national conditions, and Party conditions, and cultivating students’ knowledge vision, international vision, historical vision, and sense of responsibility for the times. On the other hand, ideological and political courses should be organically integrated with various disciplinary courses and fields, targeting students of all majors, deeply exploring the ideological and political elements contained in different professional courses, enhancing students’ autonomous learning initiative, and improving the teaching effectiveness of ideological and political courses.

创新要以与时俱进的教育观念为出发点，紧密结合时代发展脉搏，关注社会热点与学生专业需求。传统思政教育理念多侧重于知识灌输，学生被动接受知识，课堂氛围相对沉闷。现代思政教育理念强调以学生为中心，注重学生的主体体验与自主探究，充分调动了学生积极性，激发他们深入思考。一方面，要把课堂教学与实践教学有机结合起来，引导学生运用思政课理论剖析世情、国情、党情，培养学生的知识视野、国际视野、历史视野与时代担当。另一方面，将思政课与各学科课程、各领域有机融合，面向各专业学生，深挖不同专业课程中蕴含的思政元素，增强学生自主学习能动性，提高思政课的教学成效。

Implementing the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education while upholding fundamental principles

在守正中落实立德树人根本任务

Ideological and political courses are key courses for implementing the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education. Teaching content, teaching channels, and teacher quality are important internal structural elements of ideological and political course construction. Teaching content is the specific element through which the teaching leader implements teaching to the main subject of teaching. To implement the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education, we must take the remarkable achievements of socialism with Chinese characteristics as the content support, and take fine traditional Chinese culture, revolutionary culture, and advanced socialist culture as the foundation of strength. Teaching channels are the necessary spatial fields for ideological and political course construction, while teacher quality is the foundation for playing the leading role in teaching. To implement the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education while upholding fundamental principles and promote the connotative development of ideological and political course construction, we must make coordinated efforts in three aspects: teaching content, teaching channels, and teacher quality.

思政课是落实立德树人根本任务的关键课程，教学内容、教学渠道和教师素养是思政课建设的重要内部结构要素。教学内容是教学主导者向教学主体对象实施教学的具体要素。落实好立德树人根本任务，要以中国特色社会主义取得的举世瞩目成就为内容支撑，以中华优秀传统文化、革命文化和社会主义先进文化为力量根基。教学渠道是思政课建设的必要场域空间，教师素养则是发挥教学主导作用的根本。在守正中落实好立德树人根本任务，推动思政课建设内涵式发展，要在教学内容、教学渠道和教师素养三方面协同发力。

Base ourselves on the main battlefield of the classroom, with the goal of creating “golden courses” [2]2 “Golden courses” (金课) is a term used in Chinese higher education reform to denote high-quality, challenging, and innovative courses, as opposed to “watery courses” (水课) that are superficial or low-effort.. First, ideological and political course teaching must adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, carefully design around the hotspots of the times and the needs of students’ growth and development, explore ideological and political elements from a multidisciplinary perspective, make the teaching content rich and three-dimensional, fit students’ majors and real life, and enhance the appeal of ideological and political courses. Second, the art of classroom teaching by teachers is crucial to improving the quality of ideological and political courses. In terms of language expression, it should be clear, fluent, vivid, and infectious, avoiding obscure academic jargon, so that students feel immersed. In terms of teaching rhythm, it should be well-paced, avoiding flat narration; after explaining theoretical knowledge, intersperse case analysis and group discussions to stimulate students’ intellectual碰撞, guide and summarize at appropriate times, so that the classroom has periods of intense thinking and relaxed communication, maintaining students’ learning enthusiasm and immersing them in the classroom.

立足课堂主阵地，以打造“金课”为目标。首先，思政课教学要坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，围绕时代热点与学生成长发展需求进行精心设计，从多学科视角挖掘思政元素，使教学内容丰富立体，贴合学生专业与生活实际，增强思政课吸引力。其次，教师课堂教学艺术对思政课质量提升至关重要。语言表达上，要清晰流畅、生动形象且富有感染力，避免晦涩难懂的学术腔，让学生身临其境。教学节奏上，要张弛有度，避免平铺直叙，讲解理论知识后穿插案例分析、小组讨论，激发学生思维碰撞，适时引导总结，让课堂有紧张思考时段与轻松交流时段，保持学生学习热情，使学生沉浸于课堂之中。

Expand extracurricular practice fields, with the orientation of constructing spatial fields. Social practice and volunteer service give ideological and political courses fresh vitality, enabling students to receive education, grow their abilities, and make contributions through personal practice. Higher education institutions should actively organize students to participate in social practice activities. Students go deep into remote mountainous areas and rural grassroots, conduct research around the theme of rural revitalization; devote themselves to volunteer teaching services, bringing knowledge and care to rural students, and enhancing their sense of social responsibility through teaching interactions. Red resources are witnesses to the arduous and glorious struggle of our Party. Through multiple forms such as on-site visits, on-site teaching, and situational experiences, strengthen students’ study of Party history and national history, let red culture permeate students’ hearts, inherit the red基因, continue the red bloodline, inject spiritual strength into ideological and political courses, and build a solid foundation of faith.

拓展课外实践场，以构建空间场域为导向。社会实践与志愿服务为思政课赋予鲜活生命力，使学生在躬身实践中受教育、长才干、作贡献。高校应积极组织学生参与社会实践活动，学生深入偏远山区、乡村基层，围绕乡村振兴主题开展调研；投身支教志愿服务，为乡村学生带去知识与关爱，在教学互动中增强社会责任感。红色资源是我们党艰辛而辉煌奋斗历程的见证。通过实地瞻仰、现场教学、情景体验等多元形式，加强学生对党史、国史的学习，使红色文化沁入学生心田，传承红色基因，赓续红色血脉，为思政课注入精神力量，筑牢信仰根基。

Cultivate high-quality teachers, becoming a unity of the “teacher of classics” and the “teacher of humanity” [3]3 “Teacher of classics” (经师) and “teacher of humanity” (人师) are traditional Chinese concepts: the former teaches canonical knowledge, while the latter models moral conduct and guides character formation.. First, deepen theoretical study. We must study the classic works of Marxism, persist in learning the Party’s innovative theories, especially deepen the profound understanding of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, accurately grasp its theoretical essence and integrate it into classroom teaching, so that ideological and political courses have a solid theoretical foundation. Second, strengthen teaching skills training. By holding ideological and political course teaching skills competitions, promote teaching through competition, prompting teachers to refine teaching designs and innovate teaching methods. Encourage teachers to actively engage in academic research, feed the latest academic achievements back into teaching, enhance the connotation of ideological and political courses, and present students with cutting-edge and in-depth ideological and political knowledge feasts. Third, strengthen the construction of teacher ethics and conduct. Ideological and political course teachers in higher education shoulder the heavy responsibility of casting souls and educating people. Every word and action is an example for students to emulate. Noble teacher ethics, like spring breeze and rain, subtly shape students’ character, enabling students to understand the true meaning of life while learning knowledge, grow into new-era talents with both moral integrity and professional competence, and inject humanistic care into ideological and political courses.

培养高素养教师，做“经师”“人师”的统一者。一是深化理论学习。我们要研读马克思主义经典著作，坚持学习党的创新理论，特别是加深对习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的深刻领悟，精准把握其理论精髓并融入课堂教学，使思政课具备深厚理论根基。二是加强教学技能培训。通过开展思政课教学技能大赛，以赛促教，促使教师打磨教学设计、创新教学方法。鼓励教师积极投身学术研究，将最新学术成果反哺教学，提升思政课内涵，为学生呈现前沿、深入的思政知识盛宴。三是加强师德师风建设。高校思政课教师肩负铸魂育人重任，一言一行皆为学生效仿对象，高尚师德如春风化雨，潜移默化塑造学生品格，让学生在学习知识的同时，领悟为人处世真谛，成长为德才兼备的时代新人，为思政课注入人文关怀。

Promoting the construction of ideological and political courses with innovative thinking

以创新思维推动思政课建设

“One who does not renew daily will inevitably regress daily” [4]4 This is a classical Chinese saying from the Han dynasty scholar Dong Zhongshu, emphasizing the necessity of continuous self-renewal to avoid decline.. Innovation is not only an inevitable requirement for the construction of ideological and political courses but also a necessary measure for cultivating new-era talents. The integrated construction of ideological and political courses in universities, middle schools, and primary schools, the alignment of ideological and political courses with curriculum-based ideological and political education in the same direction, and the empowerment of ideological and political courses with digital intelligence are three important measures to promote the connotative development of ideological and political course construction. Deepening the integrated construction of ideological and political courses in universities, middle schools, and primary schools is a practical path for coordinating the integrated construction of ideological and political courses across different educational stages. The alignment of ideological and political courses with curriculum-based ideological and political education in the same direction runs ideological and political work through the entire process of education and teaching, realizing all-staff education, whole-process education, and all-round education. The empowerment of ideological and political courses with digital intelligence achieves innovative development in teaching concepts, teaching content, teaching methods, and other aspects.

“不日新者必日退”，创新既是思政课建设的必然要求，也是培育时代新人的应然之举。大中小学思政课一体化建设、思政课程与课程思政同向同行与数智赋能思政课是推动思政课建设内涵式发展的三个重要举措。深化大中小学思政课一体化建设是各学段统筹推进思政课一体化建设的实践路径。思政课程与课程思政同向同行将思想政治工作贯穿教育教学全过程，实现全员育人、全过程育人、全方位育人。数智赋能思政课在教学理念、教学内容、教学方法等方面实现创新发展。

Optimize the curriculum system and build a new pattern of collaborative education. To deepen the integrated construction of ideological and political courses in universities, middle schools, and primary schools, it is necessary to systematically sort out the teaching objectives and content of ideological and political courses at each stage based on the laws of student growth and the stages of cognitive development. Starting from the moral and legal courses in the primary school stage, which enlighten moral cognition and cultivate good behavioral habits, to the middle school stage, which further deepens understanding of national conditions, rule of law, and other knowledge while enhancing students' practical experience, and the high school stage, which focuses on cultivating students' core competencies such as political identity and scientific spirit by analyzing the ideological and political principles behind social hotspots, and then to the university stage, which requires students to use professional knowledge to analyze ideological and political issues, participate in academic research and social practice, and improve their ability to solve practical problems. Each stage progresses step by step and is organically linked, so that ideological and political education runs through the entire process of student growth, laying a solid foundation of faith for students.

优化课程体系，构建协同育人新格局。深化大中小学思政课一体化建设，要依据学生成长规律与认知发展阶段，系统梳理各学段思政课教学目标与内容。从小学阶段的道德与法治课程启蒙道德认知、培养良好行为习惯开始，到初中阶段进一步深化对国情、法治等知识的理解，增强学生实践体验，高中阶段着重培养学生政治认同、科学精神等核心素养，剖析社会热点背后的思政原理，再到大学阶段要求学生运用专业知识分析思政问题，参与学术研究、社会实践，提升解决实际问题的能力。各学段循序渐进、有机联动，使思政教育贯穿学生成长全过程，为学生筑牢信仰之基。

Synergistically promote ideological and political courses and curriculum-based ideological and political education to enhance the level of education. Ideological and political courses, as the main channel, systematically impart knowledge such as Marxist theory and the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics; curriculum-based ideological and political education, based on professional courses, excavates ideological and political elements to achieve an organic integration of knowledge transmission and value guidance. Colleges and universities should create a number of demonstration courses for curriculum-based ideological and political education, formulate detailed teaching design guidelines, clarify the points of integration of ideological and political elements, teaching methods, and assessment methods, guide students to shape correct values in professional learning, realize a pattern of all-staff, whole-process, and all-round education, broaden the coverage of ideological and political education, and enhance the effectiveness of education.

协同推进思政课程与课程思政，提升育人水平。思政课程作为主渠道，系统传授马克思主义理论、中国特色社会主义理论体系等知识；课程思政则立足专业课程，挖掘思政元素，实现知识传授与价值引领的有机融合。高校要打造一批课程思政示范课程，制定详细教学设计指南，明确思政融入点、教学方法与考核方式，引导学生在专业学习中塑造正确价值观，实现全员、全过程、全方位育人格局，拓宽思政教育覆盖面，提升育人实效。

Empower ideological and political classrooms with digital intelligence to achieve "precise drip irrigation" of ideological and political education. Smart teaching platforms provide technical support for ideological and political education, covering multiple functional modules such as curriculum resource management, online teaching interaction, and learning data analysis. With technology as support, gain insight into students' learning interests and difficulties, adjust teaching strategies in a timely manner, and conduct targeted intensive explanations, thereby achieving precise teaching and promoting the intelligent and personalized development of ideological and political teaching. In the teaching process, the integration of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technology brings new vitality to ideological and political classrooms. Students can use VR equipment to immerse themselves in simulated scenes of historical events, making abstract learning content more intuitive and perceptible, greatly enhancing the learning experience and emotional resonance. Through the application of digital intelligence technology, achieve "precise drip irrigation" in ideological and political classrooms, enabling students to grow robustly into socialist builders and successors with comprehensive development in morality, intelligence, physique, aesthetics, and labor, and cultivate generation after generation of pillars who can be of great use and shoulder heavy responsibilities in socialist modernization.

数智赋能思政课堂，实现思政“精准滴灌”。智慧教学平台为思政教育提供了技术支撑，涵盖课程资源管理、在线教学互动、学习数据分析等多元功能模块。以技术为支撑，洞察学生学习兴趣与难点，及时调整教学策略，进行针对性强化讲解，从而实现精准教学，推动思政教学智能化、个性化。在教学过程中，虚拟现实（VR）和增强现实（AR）技术的融入让思政课堂焕发新活力。学生可通过VR设备身临其境地参与到历史事件的模拟场景中，使抽象的学习内容变得更加直观、可感，极大地增强学习体验和情感共鸣。通过数智技术的应用，实现思政课堂的“精准滴灌”，使学生茁壮成长为德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人，培养一代又一代在社会主义现代化建设中可堪大用、能担重任的栋梁之才。

(The author is Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology and a Distinguished Researcher of the Shaanxi Provincial Federation of Social Sciences)

（作者系西安建筑科技大学党委副书记、陕西省社科联特聘研究员）

Online editor: Huihui

网络编辑：慧慧