Give Full Play to the Role of Universities as a New Force in Scientific and Technological Innovation

Chinese-path modernization requires the support of scientific and technological modernization, and achieving high-quality development requires the cultivation of new drivers through scientific and technological innovation. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the National Education Conference that the education powerhouse we aim to build is a socialist education powerhouse with Chinese characteristics, which should possess strong ideological and political guiding force, talent competitiveness, scientific and technological supporting force, people's livelihood safeguarding force, social synergy, and international influence. Among these, the scientific and technological supporting force is an important characteristic of a socialist education powerhouse with Chinese characteristics. As the concentrated intersection of education, science and technology, and talent, and especially as an important front for basic research and major scientific and technological breakthroughs, universities should give full play to their role as a new force in scientific and technological innovation, take the spirit of scientists as a value guide, take national strategic needs as the goal orientation, consciously fulfill the mission of achieving high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening, and make greater contributions to serving the construction of a scientific and technological powerhouse and advancing Chinese-path modernization.

中国式现代化要靠科技现代化作支撑，实现高质量发展要靠科技创新培育新动能。习近平总书记在全国教育大会上指出，我们要建成的教育强国，是中国特色社会主义教育强国，应当具有强大的思政引领力、人才竞争力、科技支撑力、民生保障力、社会协同力、国际影响力。其中，科技支撑力是中国特色社会主义教育强国的重要特质。高校作为教育、科技、人才的集中交汇点，尤其是作为基础研究与重大科技突破的重要阵地，应充分发挥科技创新生力军作用，以科学家精神为价值引领，以国家战略需求为目标导向，自觉履行高水平科技自立自强的使命担当，为服务科技强国建设、推进中国式现代化作出更大贡献。

Inherit and Carry Forward the Spirit of Scientists

传承弘扬科学家精神

Inspire Spiritual Momentum for Scientific and Technological Innovation

为科技创新激扬精神动力

Scientific achievements cannot be separated from spiritual support. The spirit of scientists, as an important component of the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists, is the value consensus and spiritual paradigm formed by the vast number of scientific and technological workers in long-term practice, providing deep-seated cultural support for the construction of a scientific and technological powerhouse. Universities should take the spirit of scientists as a value guide, create a strong atmosphere of respecting knowledge, advocating innovation, respecting talent, and loving science, and encourage and guide the vast number of scientific researchers to be patriotic and dedicated, strive for innovation, and continuously advance into the breadth and depth of science and technology.

科学成就离不开精神支撑。科学家精神作为中国共产党人精神谱系的重要组成部分，是广大科技工作者在长期实践中形成的价值共识与精神范式，为科技强国建设提供了深层次的文化支撑。高校应以科学家精神为价值引领，营造尊重知识、崇尚创新、尊重人才、热爱科学的浓厚氛围，激励引导广大科研人员爱国奉献、矢志创新，不断向科学技术广度和深度进军。

Shape the team of innovative talents with the spirit of scientists. The 2021 Central Talent Work Conference established "adhering to and promoting the spirit of scientists" as one of the eight valuable experiences in understanding the laws of China's talent development, highlighting the strategic value of the spirit of scientists in talent team building. As an important component of the innovative talent team and a key supporting force for advancing Chinese-path modernization, scientific researchers especially need the nourishment and inspiration of the spirit of scientists. Therefore, it is necessary to guide scientific researchers to maintain patience and determination in their scientific research work, and jointly build a clean and upright scientific research ecology. It is necessary to guide scientific researchers to condense the consciousness of collective tackling and willingly serving as a ladder for others in continuous struggle, cultivate broad vision and broad-mindedness, and jointly promote the continuous progress of scientific and technological innovation with Chinese characteristics.

以科学家精神塑造创新人才队伍。2021年中央人才工作会议将“坚持弘扬科学家精神”确立为我国人才事业发展规律性认识的八条宝贵经验之一，凸显了科学家精神在人才队伍建设中的战略价值。作为创新型人才队伍的重要组成部分、推进中国式现代化的关键支撑力量，科研人员尤其需要科学家精神的滋养和激励。因此，要引导科研人员在科研工作中保持耐心和定力，共同构建风清气正的科研生态。要引导科研人员在接续奋斗中凝结集智攻关、甘为人梯的自觉，培养宽广的视野、宽阔的胸怀，共同推动中国特色科技创新事业不断前进。

Stimulate innovation and creativity with the spirit of scientists. Whether people's enthusiasm and initiative can be effectively exerted depends not only on institutional guarantees and material incentives but also on deep-seated spiritual momentum support. The innovative spirit of scaling new heights and daring to be the first is the core essence of the spirit of scientists, emphasizing breaking through cognitive boundaries with the scientific spirit of exploring the unknown, climbing technological peaks with the creative spirit of pursuing excellence, and seizing development opportunities with the innovative spirit of daring to be the first. Therefore, it is necessary to take the spirit of scientists as a guide, apply more scientific and technological achievements in the process of advancing Chinese-path modernization, use scientific and technological innovation to spawn new industries, new models, and new drivers, and consolidate the strong momentum to serve and support the development of new quality productive forces. It is necessary to take the spirit of scientists as a guide, build a more scientific, reasonable, and dynamic echelon of scientific and technological innovation talents in universities, and facilitate more young scientific and technological talents to stand out and display their talents.

以科学家精神激发创新创造活力。人的积极性和主动性能否得以有效发挥，不仅依赖于制度保障、物质激励，深层次的精神动能支撑也至关重要。勇攀高峰、敢为人先的创新精神是科学家精神的核心要义，强调以探索未知的科学精神突破认知边界，以追求卓越的创造精神攀登技术高峰，以敢为人先的创新精神抢占发展先机。因此，要以科学家精神为引领，把更多科技成果应用在推进中国式现代化进程中，以科技创新催生新产业、新模式、新动能，凝聚起服务支撑新质生产力发展的强劲动能。要以科学家精神为引领，构建更加科学合理、具有活力的高校科技创新人才梯队，促成更多青年科技人才崭露头角、施展才华。

Cultivate and nurture new generations with the spirit of scientists. The younger generation, as a new force in scientific and technological innovation, is the source of the national strategic talent force. In their process of growing into talents, it is necessary to inherit and carry forward the lofty spirit of the older generation of scientists and attach importance to the sustainable development of scientific and technological innovation. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on cultivating the scientific research spirit and quality of the vast number of teachers, such as perseverance and diligent exploration, strengthen teaching by personal example and verbal instruction, and provide subtle influence and infection in the process of scientific research interaction with students. It is necessary to fully stimulate the subjective initiative of young students, integrate the inheritance and promotion of the spirit of scientists into the project of fostering virtue through education in the New Era, guide students to consciously write the fine work style, academic style, and noble spiritual qualities of the older generation of scientists into their growth genes, achieve value identification in scientific research practice, and demonstrate the responsibility of the times in innovation and development.

以科学家精神涵育培养时代新人。青年一代作为科技创新的生力军，是国家战略人才力量的源头活水，要在他们成长成才过程中传承发扬老一辈科学家的崇高精神，重视科技创新可持续发展。因此，要着力培养广大教师孜孜不倦、勤奋求索的科研精神品质，强化言传身教，在与学生科研互动过程中给予潜移默化的熏陶和感染。要充分激发青年学生主体能动性，把传承弘扬科学家精神融入新时代立德树人工程，引导学生自觉把老一辈科学家的优良作风学风、高尚精神品质写进成长基因中，在科研实践中实现价值认同，在创新发展中彰显时代担当。

Improve the Work System and Mechanism for Scientific Research

完善科研工作体制机制

Gather Strong Synergy for Scientific and Technological Innovation

为科技创新汇聚强大合力

The "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively to Advance Chinese-Path Modernization" clearly states that it is necessary to improve the scientific and technological innovation mechanism of universities and enhance the efficiency of achievement transformation. Universities have the advantage of scientific and educational resources. The improvement of the scientific and technological innovation mechanism and the enhancement of the efficiency of achievement transformation play a strategic supporting role in improving the overall efficiency of the national innovation system.

《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》明确提出，要完善高校科技创新机制，提高成果转化效能。高校拥有科教资源优势，科技创新机制完善、成果转化效能提高对于提升国家创新体系整体效能具有战略支撑作用。

Optimize the direction and layout of scientific and technological innovation. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that the world today is undergoing changes unseen in a century, and scientific and technological innovation is one of the key variables. Universities should actively adapt to the laws of scientific and technological innovation in the era of big science, focus on innovative needs that are strategic, long-term, and urgent, systematically enhance strategic planning and rapid response capabilities, and jointly promote the transformation of this "key variable" of scientific and technological innovation into the "maximum increment" for promoting high-quality development. It is necessary to deeply grasp the source of scientific and technological innovation, more effectively align the exploration of the frontiers of science and technology with serving the major strategic needs of the country, and strengthen the forward-looking, strategic, and systematic layout of basic research. It is necessary to deeply grasp the current direction of scientific and technological development, focus on major tasks in key areas that restrict China's industry, economy, and national security, rely on the advantages of university discipline clusters and talent resources, and accurately position the main direction and key path for breaking through "bottleneck" technologies. [1]1 "Bottleneck" technologies (卡脖子技术) refers to key technologies in which China is dependent on foreign countries and that are subject to external restrictions, analogous to a "choke point." It is necessary to deeply grasp the direction of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, focus on enhancing the ability to generate original innovation and independent innovation, prospectively lay out future emerging interdisciplinary disciplines and technology fields, and provide innovation support for building a modern industrial system.

优化科技创新方向和布局。习近平总书记指出，当今世界正经历百年未有之大变局，科技创新是其中一个关键变量。高校应主动适应世界大科学时代的科技创新规律，聚焦具有战略性、长期性、紧迫性的创新需求，系统提升战略谋划和快速响应能力，共同推动科技创新这个“关键变量”转化为推动高质量发展的“最大增量”。要深刻把握科技创新源头，更加有效地把科技前沿探索同服务国家重大战略需求对接起来，强化基础研究前瞻性、战略性和系统性布局。要深刻把握当前科技发展方向，围绕制约我国产业、经济和国家安全的重点领域重大任务，依托高校学科集群与人才资源优势，精准定位突破“卡脖子”技术的主攻方向、关键路径。要深刻把握新一轮科技革命和产业变革方向，着力提升原始创新、自主创新策源能力，前瞻布局未来新兴交叉学科与技术领域，为构建现代化产业体系提供创新支撑。

Transform scientific research paradigms and organizational models. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that we must adhere to deepening reform to stimulate innovation vitality, resolutely break down ideological concepts and institutional mechanisms that hinder scientific and technological innovation, and effectively transform institutional advantages into scientific and technological competitive advantages. Leveraging the advantages of the new nationwide system for mobilizing resources, [2]2 The new nationwide system for mobilizing resources (新型举国体制) is a mechanism for concentrating national resources and efforts to achieve breakthroughs in strategic areas, particularly science and technology, under the leadership of the Party and the state. universities can strengthen centralized tackling, accelerate the transformation of scientific research paradigms and the restructuring of organizational frameworks, and build a full-chain, multi-dimensional policy support and resource guarantee system for scientific and technological innovation. It is necessary to position organized scientific research as the core paradigm for systematically serving national strategic needs, abandon the traditional limitation of "from paper to paper" topic selection, strengthen active alignment with national strategic goals and strategic tasks, lay out a number of key areas and major projects, and strengthen the tackling and innovation of key common technologies, frontier leading technologies, modern engineering technologies, and disruptive technologies. It is necessary to give full play to the organizational traction role of major scientific and technological innovation platforms in the innovation chain and build a high-level innovation collaboration network. It is necessary to expand international scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation, innovate mechanisms for transnational scientific research collaboration and talent co-cultivation, and build an open innovation ecosystem with global competitiveness.

变革科研范式和组织模式。习近平总书记强调，坚持以深化改革激发创新活力，坚决破除束缚科技创新的思想观念和体制机制障碍，切实把制度优势转化为科技竞争优势。发挥新型举国体制优势，高校可加强集中攻关，加速推进科研范式转型与组织架构重构，构建全链条、多维度的科技创新政策支持和资源保障体系。要把有组织科研定位为建制化、成体系服务国家战略需求的核心范式，摒弃传统“从论文到论文”式选题局限，强化同国家战略目标和战略任务的主动对接，布局一批重点领域和重大项目，加强对关键共性技术、前沿引领技术、现代工程技术、颠覆性技术的攻关创新。要发挥重大科技创新平台在创新链条中的组织牵引作用，打造高水平创新协作网络。要扩大国际科技交流合作，创新跨国科研协作与人才共育机制，打造具有全球竞争力的开放创新生态。

Enhance the efficiency of transforming scientific and technological achievements. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that achieving high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening and developing new quality productive forces place more urgent demands on the integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. Universities should strengthen the organic connection between the innovation chain and the industrial chain, promote the formation of a scientific and technological innovation system that is compatible with market demand and industrial structure, and promote the high-level creation and high-efficiency transformation of scientific research achievements. It is necessary to unblock the key links in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities, strengthen school-enterprise cooperation and school-local cooperation, actively integrate into the national scientific and technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body, establish and improve the mechanism of enterprises posing questions, the government setting topics, and collaborative problem-solving, and smooth all key links from concept verification, pilot-scale testing and maturation to transfer, transformation, and industrial incubation. It is necessary to achieve two-way empowerment of achievement transformation and talent cultivation, effectively break through the structural mismatch between traditional education supply and industrial talent demand, closely combine talent cultivation, scientific and technological innovation, and industrial upgrading, and cultivate strategic scientists and compound innovative talents in the practice of school-enterprise collaborative innovation.

提升科技成果转化效能。习近平总书记指出，实现高水平科技自立自强、发展新质生产力，对科技创新和产业创新融合提出了更为迫切的需求。高校应强化创新链和产业链有机衔接，推动形成同市场需求相适应、产业结构相匹配的科技创新体系，促进科研成果高水平创造、高效能转化。要打通高校科技成果转化关键环节，强化校企合作、校地合作，主动融入以企业为主体的国家科技创新体系，建立健全企业出题、政府立题、协同破题机制，畅通从概念验证、中试熟化到转移转化、产业孵化的各关键环节。要实现成果转化和人才培养双向赋能，有效突破传统教育供给与产业人才需求的结构性错配，将人才培养、科技创新与产业升级紧密结合，在校企协同创新实践中培养战略科学家和复合型创新人才。

Smooth the Virtuous Cycle of Education, Science and Technology, and Talent

畅通教育科技人才良性循环

Inject Sustained Momentum into Scientific and Technological Innovation

为科技创新注入持续动力

Education, science and technology, and talent are inherently consistent and mutually supportive. Only by promoting the integration of the three as a whole can we promote high-quality development and support and lead Chinese-path modernization to advance steadily towards the set goals. To achieve the strategic goal of building a scientific and technological powerhouse, it is necessary to better leverage the supporting role of education and comprehensively build a talent chain that supports high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening.

教育、科技、人才内在一致、相互支撑，只有把三者一体统筹推进，才能推动高质量发展，支撑引领中国式现代化朝着既定目标扎实迈进。实现科技强国战略目标，要更好地发挥教育支撑作用，全方位构建支撑高水平科技自立自强的人才链。

Strengthen the independent cultivation of top-tier innovative personnel. Scientific and technological innovation depends on talent, and talent cultivation depends on education. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that to achieve a positive interaction between independent scientific and technological innovation and independent talent cultivation, education must further play a pioneering, foundational, and supporting role. Universities should further improve the mechanism for aligning talent cultivation with the needs of economic and social development, helping to enhance the overall efficiency of the national innovation system. It is necessary to improve the dynamic adjustment mechanism for academic disciplines and programs driven by scientific and technological development and national strategic needs, focus on the commanding heights of scientific and technological competition, lay out urgently needed disciplines and programs, cultivate national strategic talents and urgently needed scarce personnel in a targeted manner, and make great efforts to select and cultivate a group of top-tier innovative talents in basic disciplines. It is necessary to optimize the talent cultivation model, advance the construction of new engineering, new medicine, new agriculture, and new liberal arts [3]3 "New engineering, new medicine, new agriculture, and new liberal arts" refers to a Chinese higher education reform initiative launched in 2017 to restructure academic disciplines in response to technological revolution and industrial transformation., take first-class core courses, textbooks, teaching teams, and practical projects as key levers, and continuously enhance the capacity for independent cultivation of top-tier innovative talents. It is necessary to strengthen the integration of science and education and the integration of industry and education, thoroughly implement the requirements for developing new quality productive forces, take research topics that serve national strategic needs as educational topics, organically integrate the organization of scientific research with the cultivation model, cultivate future scientists and high-level talents at the forefront of science, and accelerate the cultivation of outstanding engineering talents on the front line of industry. It is necessary to strengthen the synergy between scientific and technological education and humanities education, enhance students' humanistic foundation to promote the improvement of their scientific and technological innovation thinking, promote students' comprehensive development, and cultivate high-quality innovative talents who possess both scientific spirit and humanistic feelings.

加强拔尖创新人才自主培养。科技创新靠人才，人才培养靠教育。习近平总书记强调，实现科技自主创新和人才自主培养良性互动，教育要进一步发挥先导性、基础性支撑作用。高校应进一步完善人才培养与经济社会发展需要适配机制，助力提升国家创新体系整体效能。要完善科技发展、国家战略需求牵引的学科专业动态调整机制，聚焦科技竞争制高点，布局急需学科专业，有的放矢培养国家战略人才和急需紧缺人才，下大力气选拔和培养一批基础学科拔尖创新人才。要优化人才培养模式，推进新工科、新医科、新农科、新文科建设，以一流核心课程、教材、师资团队、实践项目等为抓手，不断提升拔尖创新人才自主培养能力。要强化科教融汇、产教融合，深入落实发展新质生产力要求，将服务国家战略需求的科研命题作为育人选题，将科研组织方式与育人模式有机融合，在科学的最前沿培养未来科学家和高层次人才，在产业的最前线加快卓越工程师人才培养。要强化科技教育与人文教育协同，以提升学生人文底蕴促进科技创新思维的提高，促进学生全面发展，培养兼具科学精神和人文情怀的高素质创新型人才。

Accelerate the construction of the national strategic scientific and technological talent force. Talent is the foundation of innovation, and innovation-driven development is essentially talent-driven. The scientific and technological power we aim to build must possess a strong capacity for cultivating and gathering high-level scientific and technological talents, continuously expanding the team of internationally top-tier scientific and technological talents and the national strategic scientific and technological force. Universities should aim to gather strategic talent forces, accelerate the construction of a high-level scientific and technological innovation talent team, and better support the construction of world-class scientific centers, talent centers, and innovation highlands. It is necessary to accelerate the construction of high-level talent highlands and agglomeration platforms, widely attract all kinds of outstanding talents to devote themselves to scientific and technological innovation, establish a mechanism for selecting and cultivating composite talents with the potential of strategic scientists, and build first-class scientific and technological leading talents and innovation teams around national key areas and key industries. It is necessary to place the policy focus of cultivating national strategic talent forces on young talents, fully support young talents in taking on major roles and playing leading roles in scientific and technological innovation, and encourage young talents to take temporary posts in leading scientific and technological enterprises. It is necessary to take the reform of the evaluation of innovation entities as an important focus, deeply and continuously carry out the actions of "breaking the five onlys" and "establishing new standards" [4]4 "Breaking the five onlys" (破五唯) is a policy directive to reform the evaluation system in Chinese academia and research, targeting the over-reliance on five narrow metrics: papers, titles, degrees, awards, and project funding. "Establishing new standards" (立新标) refers to the complementary effort to create more comprehensive evaluation criteria., establish and improve a classified evaluation system and assessment mechanism that conforms to the laws of scientific research activities, and activate the innovation vitality of university researchers. It is necessary to enhance service awareness and support capabilities, follow the laws of talent growth and scientific research, establish and improve a talent management mechanism with trust, respect, kindness, and tolerance as value orientations, and thicken the soil for talent growth.

加快国家战略科技人才力量建设。人才是创新的根基，创新驱动实质上是人才驱动。我们要建成的科技强国，必须拥有强大的高水平科技人才培养和集聚能力，不断壮大国际顶尖科技人才队伍和国家战略科技力量。高校应以汇聚战略人才力量为目标，加快建设高水平科技创新人才队伍，更好地支撑世界重要科学中心、人才中心和创新高地建设。要加快建设高水平人才高地和集聚平台，广泛吸引各类优秀人才投身科技创新事业，建立具有战略科学家潜质的复合型人才选拔和培养机制，围绕国家重点领域、重点产业打造一流科技领军人才和创新团队。要把培育国家战略人才力量的政策重心放在青年人才上，全面支持青年人才在科技创新中挑大梁、当主角，鼓励青年人才赴领军科技企业挂职锻炼。要把对创新主体的评价改革作为重要着力点，持续深入开展“破五唯”“立新标”行动，建立健全符合科研活动规律的分类评价体系和考核机制，激活高校科研人员创新活力。要增强服务意识和保障能力，遵循人才成长规律和科研规律，建立健全以信任、尊重、善待、包容为价值取向的人才管理机制，厚植人才成长土壤。

(The author is the Party Secretary of Xidian University)

（作者系西安电子科技大学党委书记）

Online editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心