On the Connotation, Characteristics and Epochal Value of “Life-Oriented Ideological and Political Education”

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out: “To do a good job of ideological and political work in colleges and universities, we must adapt to events, advance with the times, and innovate with the situation. We must follow the laws of ideological and political work, the laws of teaching and educating, and the laws of student growth; continue to use good methods, improve old methods, and explore new methods, constantly raising our work capacity and level.” Practice is the foundation for promoting the innovative development of ideological and political work in colleges and universities, and it is also the soil in which new concepts are conceived, formed, and developed. “Life-oriented ideological and political education” (生活思政) was formally proposed by the Party Committee of Zhejiang Wanli Education Group in 2018. After years of practical exploration, it has gradually become a “golden business card” of ideological and political education at Zhejiang Wanli University. Although chronologically it is not appropriate to classify “life-oriented ideological and political education” as a new concept, from the perspective of academic research, it has constructed a certain research space and is a “new concept” worthy of in-depth study. It is necessary to conduct a theoretical elucidation of it in order to profoundly grasp its basic connotation, main characteristics, and epochal value.

习近平总书记指出：“做好高校思想政治工作，要因事而化、因时而进、因势而新。要遵循思想政治工作规律，遵循教书育人规律，遵循学生成长规律，沿用好办法，改进老办法，探索新办法，不断提高工作能力和水平。”实践是推动高校思想政治工作创新发展的基础，也是新概念得以孕育、形成与发展的土壤。“生活思政”由浙江省万里教育集团党委在2018年正式提出，经过多年实践探索逐渐成为浙江万里学院思想政治教育的一张“金名片”。虽然从时间上看不宜将“生活思政”归于新概念的范畴中，但从学术研究的角度来说，“生活思政”建构了一定的研究空间，是一个值得深入研究的“新概念”，有必要对其进行学理阐释以深刻把握其基本内涵、主要特征和时代价值。

I. The Basic Connotation of “Life-Oriented Ideological and Political Education”

一、“生活思政”的基本内涵

Whether from the perspective of theoretical elucidation or the actual conduct of work, it is first necessary to answer the important question “what is life-oriented ideological and political education.” Sorting out, clarifying, and defining the basic connotation of “life-oriented ideological and political education” is the logical starting point for profoundly grasping its main characteristics and epochal value.

无论从学理阐释还是实际工作开展的角度，都需要首先回答“生活思政是什么”这一重要问题，对“生活思政”的基本内涵进行梳理、厘清、界定是深刻把握其主要特征和时代价值的逻辑起点。

1. Existing Explanations of the Basic Connotation of “Life-Oriented Ideological and Political Education.” The proposal of “life-oriented ideological and political education” reflects an innovation at the conceptual level derived from the practical experience of ideological and political work in colleges and universities. It is a daily ideological and political education activity centered on fostering virtue through education (立德树人), following the laws of ideological and political work in colleges and universities, focusing on “three-wide education” (三全育人)[1]1 This refers to the “Ten Education Systems” (十大育人体系) framework for higher education ideological and political work in China, which includes education through teaching, scientific research, practice, management, service, culture, organization, as well as through courses, networks, and psychology., and carried out in various educational fields on campus by continuously excavating the ideological and political elements in the daily lives of college students. “Life-oriented ideological and political education” is not only an enrichment of the connotation and an expansion of the extension of daily ideological and political education, but it also has certain methodological and axiological significance in broadening the content of education, expanding the subjects of education, strengthening the positions of education, stabilizing the focus of education, and innovating the paths of education. This explanation aims to position “life-oriented ideological and political education” as an important component of daily ideological and political education and an effective means of its realization, serving as an important supplement to curriculum-based ideological and political education (课程思政). In other words, “life-oriented ideological and political education” is essentially an ideological and political education activity that takes the university as its basic field, takes the daily life of college students as its foothold, and continuously integrates ideological and political education with daily life. The understanding of “life-oriented ideological and political education” should neither be narrowed, viewing it merely as a part of daily ideological and political education, nor be broadened, regarding it as a “unified field” covering all aspects of ideological and political work in colleges and universities. Instead, one must start from “life” and “ideological and political education” to grasp the internal connection between the two.

1.“生活思政”基本内涵的现有界说。“生活思政”的提出体现出高校思想政治工作实际经验在理念层面的创新，是一项以立德树人为中心环节，遵循高校思想政治工作规律，聚焦“三全育人”，通过不断挖掘大学生日常生活中的思政元素，在校园各类教育场中开展的日常思想政治教育活动。“生活思政”不仅是对于日常思想政治教育在内涵上的丰富和外延上的拓展，而且在拓宽育人内容、扩大育人主体、强化育人阵地、稳固育人重心以及创新育人路径等方面具有一定的方法论、价值论意义。这一界说旨在将“生活思政”作为日常思想政治教育的重要组成部分及其实现的有效途径，是对课程思政的重要补充。换言之，“生活思政”在本质上就是一项以高校为基本场域，以大学生的日常生活为立足点，不断将思想政治教育与日常生活结合起来的思想政治教育活动。对“生活思政”的理解既不能狭隘化，认为其只是日常思想政治教育的一部分；也不能泛化，把其看作涵盖高校思想政治工作各个方面的“统一场”，要从“生活”与“思政”出发，把握二者之间的内在关联。

2. In-depth Analysis of the Basic Connotation of “Life-Oriented Ideological and Political Education.” “Life-oriented ideological and political education” is composed of two parts: “life” (生活) and “ideological and political education” (思政). On the one hand, “life” in a broad sense refers to the various conscious and purposeful social activities individuals undertake for survival and development. In essence, life is the manifestation of human practice. On the other hand, “ideological and political education” here can refer to either “ideological and political education” (思想政治教育) or “ideological and political work” (思想政治工作). First, there are differences in orientation between ideological and political education and ideological and political work: ideological and political education emphasizes an educational orientation, while ideological and political work emphasizes a work orientation. Second, they differ in their scope of application: ideological and political education takes “educating people” and theoretical research as its basic horizon, focusing on educating and guiding students; ideological and political work has a more macroscopic and holistic horizon, being an organic combination of ideological work and political work, serving as the lifeline of economic work and all other work. It was proposed earlier than ideological and political education and emphasizes political nature and practicality. Third, ideological and political education and ideological and political work are in a relationship of “you in me, me in you.” They overlap in content, are closely connected in practical application, yet have different emphases. Therefore, “life-oriented ideological and political education” includes both “life-oriented ideological and political education” (生活思想政治教育) and “life-oriented ideological and political work” (生活思想政治工作). From either perspective, “life-oriented ideological and political education” clearly manifests the close integration of ideological and political education with life: both ideological and political education and ideological and political work take the real life of the educational object as their basic field, facing “real people” and “concrete people”; life, in turn, endows ideological and political education and ideological and political work with enduring vitality.

2.“生活思政”基本内涵的深入辨析。“生活思政”由“生活”和“思政”两部分组成。一方面，“生活”从广义上讲是个体为了生存和发展所进行的各种有意识、有目的的社会性活动。质言之，生活就是人的实践的呈现。另一方面，这里的“思政”可指代“思想政治教育”或“思想政治工作”。首先，思想政治教育和思想政治工作在导向上存在差异，思想政治教育突出教育导向，思想政治工作则突出工作导向。其次，思想政治教育和思想政治工作在作用范围上有所不同，思想政治教育更多以“育人”和理论研究为基本视域，重视教育引导学生；思想政治工作的视域更为宏观和整体，是思想工作和政治工作的有机结合，是经济工作以及其他一切工作的生命线，比思想政治教育更早提出，侧重政治性、实践性。再次，思想政治教育和思想政治工作是“你中有我、我中有你”的关系。二者在内容上有所交叉，在实际应用上密切联系，侧重点又有所不同。所以，“生活思政”既包括“生活思想政治教育”，也包括“生活思想政治工作”。无论从哪种角度，“生活思政”都鲜明地体现出思政与生活的密切结合：思想政治教育或思想政治工作都以教育对象的现实生活为基本场域，面向“真实的人”“具体的人”；生活则赋予思想政治教育或思想政治工作以持久的生命力。

3. Preliminary Definition of the Basic Connotation of “Life-Oriented Ideological and Political Education.” “Life-oriented ideological and political education” enriches the connotation of ideological and political work in colleges and universities. It needs to be grasped within the overall framework of ideological and political work in colleges and universities, and its distinct educational attributes must be continuously highlighted in the construction of the ideological and political work system in colleges and universities. Therefore, in a certain sense, “life-oriented ideological and political education” is not a concept with a clear “signified” (所指), but rather a clarification or development of a concept, aimed at emphasizing the significance of “life” for ideological and political education or ideological and political work, and manifesting the “life” implication of ideological and political education or ideological and political work. It should be noted that the relationship between “life-oriented ideological and political education” and daily ideological and political education should not be understood as one of inclusion and being included. Although “life-oriented ideological and political education” is a conceptual innovation of daily ideological and political education, this does not mean that “life-oriented ideological and political education” needs to be confined within daily ideological and political education. The “life” in “life-oriented ideological and political education” focuses on the daily life of every student, including both virtual online life and real, actual life; the “ideological and political education” in “life-oriented ideological and political education” is not merely an important component of daily ideological and political education, but rather integrates ideological and political education into student life, conducting a combination of explicit and implicit ideological and political education within students’ daily lives. In a word, “life-oriented ideological and political education” is a concept of ideological and political education that takes students’ daily life as its basic field and attempts to organically integrate ideological and political courses, curriculum-based ideological and political education, daily ideological and political education, and students’ daily life.

3.“生活思政”基本内涵的初步界定。“生活思政”是对高校思想政治工作内涵的丰富，既需要将其置于高校思想政治工作的全局中进行把握，也需要在高校思想政治工作体系建构中不断凸显其鲜明的育人属性。因此，从一定意义上看，“生活思政”并不是一个有着明确“所指”的概念，而是一种理念上的澄明或发展，旨在强调“生活”对于思想政治教育或思想政治工作的重要意义，彰显思想政治教育或思想政治工作的“生活”意蕴。需要注意的是，“生活思政”和日常思想政治教育之间不应当理解为被包含和包含的关系，“生活思政”虽然是对于日常思想政治教育的理念创新，但这并不意味着需要将“生活思政”局限在日常思想政治教育之中。“生活思政”的“生活”关注的是每一位学生的日常生活，既包括虚拟的网络生活，也涵盖真实的现实生活；“生活思政”的“思政”不仅仅是日常思想政治教育的重要组成部分，而是将思政融入学生生活中，在学生日常生活中进行显性和隐性相结合的思想政治教育。一言以蔽之，“生活思政”是一种以学生日常生活为基本场域，尝试将思政课程、课程思政、日常思想政治教育与学生日常生活有机融合的思想政治教育理念。

II. The Main Characteristics of “Life-Oriented Ideological and Political Education”

二、“生活思政”的主要特征

Characteristics refer to the distinctive markers or unique attributes of things, phenomena, or individuals. Grasping the main characteristics of “life-oriented ideological and political education” is key to distinguishing it from concepts such as daily ideological and political education, the life-orientation of ideological and political education, and life-based moral education, and is also the foundation for clarifying its epochal value.

特征是指事物、现象或个体所具有的显著标志或独特属性。把握“生活思政”的主要特征是区别其与日常思想政治教育、思想政治教育生活化以及生活德育等概念的关键，也是明确其时代价值的基础。

1. Rooted in Life, Focused on Educating People. “Life-oriented ideological and political education” has distinct educational qualities. Ideological and political education is an educational activity; education constitutes the value orientation of ideological and political education, and it must profoundly respond to the fundamental question of education: “what kind of people to cultivate, how to cultivate people, and for whom to cultivate people.” The proposal of the concept of “life-oriented ideological and political education” aims to take students’ daily life as the basic field, providing a multi-level, multi-dimensional educational space for ideological and political education. Students’ daily life is not composed of isolated, unrelated living spaces; on the contrary, students’ daily living space is a constantly changing “big space” organically composed of several relatively independent “small spaces.”

1.立足生活，聚焦育人。“生活思政”具有明显的育人特质。思想政治教育是一项育人活动，育人构成思想政治教育的价值旨归，需要深刻回应好“培养什么人、怎样培养人、为谁培养人”这一教育的根本问题。“生活思政”这一理念的提出就是旨在以学生日常生活为基本场域，为思想政治教育提供多层次、多向度的育人空间。学生的日常生活并非彼此独立、互不关联的生活空间，恰恰相反，学生的日常生活空间是一个由若干相对独立的“小空间”有机组成的不断变化的“大空间”。

Specifically, “small space” can refer both to the individual living space of a student as a unit and to the dormitory living space with the dormitory room as the unit. The lifestyle of students in “small space” is relatively stable and is an important focus of “life-oriented ideological and political education.” “Large space” refers to the basic scope of the higher education institution, encompassing all aspects of students’ study and life, such as class space and student club space. Compared with “small space,” the lifestyle of students in “large space” is more easily influenced by the group. “Large space” is not formed spontaneously but is constructed. Ideological and political education can, through the exercise of its own functions, combine implicit ideological and political education with explicit ideological and political education, exerting a positive and constructive influence on students’ daily lives. “Life-oriented ideological and political education” takes into account both “small space” and “large space.” Using “small space” as the entry point, it implements precise ideological and political education for individual students, scientifically guiding their thoughts and behaviors and promoting the construction of “large space.” At the same time, it takes “large space” as the focal point, strengthening the campus environment as a whole, meeting students’ material and spiritual needs in daily life, advancing the construction of the education system, and enhancing the connectivity and simultaneity among education through teaching, education through scientific research, education through practice, education through management, education through service, education through culture, and education through organization [1]1 This refers to the “Ten Education Systems” (十大育人体系) framework for higher education ideological and political work in China, which includes education through teaching, scientific research, practice, management, service, culture, organization, as well as through courses, networks, and psychology., with emphasis on guiding students’ thoughts and values in daily life. In the process of constructing educational spaces, “life-oriented ideological and political education” takes the life-orientation of ideological and political education and the ideological-political orientation of life as its main dimensions. On the one hand, “life-oriented ideological and political education” places greater emphasis on the coordinated synergy among ideological and political courses, curriculum-based ideological and political education, and daily ideological and political education, “grounding” ideological and political education in life, integrating it into life, identifying problems from students’ daily lives, and solving them through the methods of ideological and political education. On the other hand, students’ daily lives contain many ideological and political elements; ideological and political education needs to carefully identify and deeply excavate these elements for its own use, continuously optimizing and improving the methods and mechanisms of ideological and political education, so that students’ daily lives truly become a key and effective field for ideological and political education to cultivate people.

具体来看，“小空间”既可以指学生个体为单位的个体生活空间，也可以指以寝室为单位的宿舍生活空间。学生在“小空间”中的生活方式较为稳定，是“生活思政”的重要关注对象。“大空间”指的是以高校为基本范围，囊括了学生学习、生活的方方面面，例如班级空间、学生社团空间等。相较于“小空间”来说，学生在“大空间”中的生活方式容易受到群体的影响。“大空间”不是自发形成的，而是被建构起来的。思想政治教育可以通过自身的功能发挥，将隐性思想政治教育和显性思想政治教育相结合，对学生的日常生活施加积极、正向的影响。“生活思政”兼顾“小空间”和“大空间”，以“小空间”为切入点，对学生个体实施精准思政，对其思想和行为进行科学引导并促进“大空间”的建构，同时也以“大空间”为着眼点，从整体上加强校园环境建设，满足学生日常生活的物质需求和精神需要，推进育人体系建构，加强教书育人、科研育人、实践育人、管理育人、服务育人、文化育人、组织育人之间的连通性与共时性，注重在日常生活中对学生的思想价值引领。“生活思政”在搭建、建构育人空间的过程以思想政治教育的生活化和生活的思想政治教育化为主要向度。一方面，“生活思政”更加注重思政课程、课程思政以及日常思想政治教育之间的协同发力，把思想政治教育“落在”生活之上，将思想政治教育融入生活中，从学生日常生活中发现问题，通过思想政治教育的方式解决问题；另一方面，学生的日常生活中蕴含着许多思政元素，思想政治教育需要仔细辨识与深入挖掘这些要素为其所用，不断优化与完善思想政治教育方法和机制，真正让学生的日常生活成为思想政治教育育人的关键、有效场域。

2. Rooted in life, transforming people through culture. Culture is the product of human practice, and in turn it influences practice, gradually becoming a norm that constrains the ways individuals and groups satisfy their survival needs. This normative function of culture does not directly permeate the socio-economic and political spheres; rather, through spiritual influence, it indirectly shapes and changes people’s values and lifestyles. “Culture is the objectified product of human productive labor and life practice. Once culture is generated, whether material culture or spiritual culture, it is an objective fact.” Culture shapes people’s lifestyles and behavioral norms, while people’s daily lives continuously drive cultural innovation and development. Culture is inherited, disseminated, and developed through various practices in daily life, and culture also endows life with profound meaning and value. Discussing life apart from culture is like seeking “water without a source”; discussing ideological and political education apart from life will inevitably affect the actual effectiveness of such education. “Life-oriented ideological and political education” cannot be simply equated with the life-orientation of ideological and political education. “Life-oriented ideological and political education” aims to integrate “life” and “ideological and political education,” and the key to this integration lies in culture. Students’ thoughts and behaviors in daily life are, to a large extent, profoundly influenced by campus culture, group culture, network culture, and social culture. “Life-oriented ideological and political education” conducts an internal reflection on students’ daily lives from a cultural perspective, creating a favorable campus cultural environment, group cultural environment, and network cultural environment for students. On this basis, it strengthens the cultural attributes of ideological and political education, transforming people through culture via ideological and political courses, curriculum-based ideological and political education, and daily ideological and political education, promoting the further deep integration of life and ideological and political education, and continuously enhancing the effectiveness of “life-oriented ideological and political education” in cultivating people.

2.植根生活，以文化人。文化是人类实践的产物，同时也反过来影响着实践，并逐渐成为一种规范，制约着个体和群体满足生存需求的方式。这种文化的规范作用并不直接渗透到社会经济和政治领域，而是通过精神层面的影响，间接塑造并改变人们的价值观和生活方式。“文化是人生产劳动与生活实践的对象化产品，当文化一旦生成，无论是物质文化还是精神文化都是一种客观事实。”文化塑造着人们的生活方式与行为规范，人们的日常生活也在不断推动着文化的创新和发展。文化通过日常生活中的各种实践得以传承、传播和发展，文化同时也赋予了生活以深刻的意义和价值。离开文化谈生活无异于寻求“无源之水”；离开生活谈思政，思政的实际成效也必将受到影响。“生活思政”不能简单与思想政治教育生活化画上等号，“生活思政”旨在将“生活”与“思政”相融合，而融合的关键在于文化。学生在日常生活中的思想与行为在很大程度上受到校园文化、群体文化、网络文化、社会文化的深刻影响。“生活思政”从文化的视角对学生的日常生活进行内在审思，为学生营造良好的校园文化环境、群体文化环境、网络文化环境，并且在此基础上增强思想政治教育的文化属性，通过思政课程、课程思政以及日常思想政治教育以文化人，促进生活与思政的进一步深入融合，不断提升“生活思政”在育人方面的有效性。

3. Entering life, educating people through data. The rapid development of modern information technology, represented by artificial intelligence technology, has brought profound changes to people’s lifestyles while also promoting the modernization of ideological and political education. The high degree of integration between ideological and political education and information technology is one of the main dimensions of the current modernity construction of ideological and political education. At the application level, information technology is key to promoting the modernization of ideological and political education. It enriches the teaching methods of ideological and political education, expands the teaching field, and brings about conceptual changes in ideological and political education. With the support of information technology, important fields such as precise ideological and political education and digital ideological and political education have gradually formed, promoting the modernization of ideological and political education. The deep integration of information technology and ideological and political education is reflected not only in the digitization of ideological and political education methods but also in the changes in the educational field of ideological and political education, namely the distinction between virtual life on the internet and daily real life. Modern information technology has become the “greatest variable” [2]2 This phrase is a common metaphor in Chinese political discourse, popularized by Xi Jinping, referring to a factor that introduces significant uncertainty and potential for change. currently faced by ideological and political education. “Life-oriented ideological and political education” must pay attention not only to students’ daily real life but also to their virtual life on the internet. Digital ideological and political education is a conceptual change and development trend in ideological and political education, a process of digitally processing various types of information that help enhance the actual effectiveness of ideological and political education in cultivating people. Precise ideological and political education refers to, under the guidance of precise thinking and concepts, using information technology to achieve deep integration between ideological and political education and information technology, implementing precise educational activities for cultivating people. The combination of digital ideological and political education and precise ideological and political education with “life-oriented ideological and political education” is a necessary part of the modernization development of ideological and political education and an important adherence to the laws of education. On the one hand, “life-oriented ideological and political education” aims to break through the boundaries between the two forms of virtual and reality, entering students’ daily lives more comprehensively and deeply, making good use of digital resources, providing important support for the application of precise ideological and political education and digital ideological and political education in daily life, and also bringing important assistance to the excavation of digital and real elements in daily “life-oriented ideological and political education.” On the other hand, it aims to extend the spatiotemporal scope of ideological and political education, innovate the educational methods of ideological and political education, enrich the educational concepts of ideological and political education, and further integrate traditional classrooms and daily life with the help of digital power, effectively achieving education at all times and in all places, so that students can feel the warmth of ideological and political education and comprehend its power in both online and offline life.

3.走进生活，凭数育人。以人工智能技术为代表的现代信息技术的飞速发展给人们的生活方式带来深刻变革的同时，也推动着思想政治教育的现代化发展。思想政治教育与信息技术的高度融合是当前思想政治教育现代性建构的主要向度之一。信息技术在应用层面是推动思想政治教育现代化的关键，丰富了思想政治教育的教学方式，拓展了教学场域，为思想政治教育带来了观念层面的转变，在信息技术的加持下逐渐形成了精准思政、数字思政等重要论域，推动着思想政治教育的现代化发展。信息技术与思想政治教育的深度融合不仅体现在思想政治教育方法的数字化，而且也体现在思想政治教育育人场域的变化上，即网络虚拟生活与现实日常生活之间的分野。现代信息技术成为当前思想政治教育所面临的“最大变量”。“生活思政”不仅要关注学生的日常现实生活，也要关注学生的网络虚拟生活。数字思政是思想政治教育的理念变革和发展趋势，是把各类有助于提升思想政治教育育人实效的信息进行数字化处理的过程。精准思政是指在精准思维和理念的引导下，借助信息技术实现思想政治教育与信息技术深度融合，实施精准化的育人活动。数字思政和精准思政与“生活思政”的结合是思想政治教育现代化发展的应有之义，也是对育人规律的重要遵循。“生活思政”一方面旨在打通虚拟和现实两大形态之间的界限，更为全面、深入地走进学生日常生活，善用、用好数字资源，为精准思政、数字思政在日常生活中的应用提供重要支撑，也为日常“生活思政”的数字、现实元素挖掘带来重要帮助；另一方面旨在延伸思想政治教育的时空范围，创新思想政治教育的育人方式，丰富思想政治教育的育人理念，借助数字力量进一步融合传统课堂和日常生活，切实做到时时育人、处处育人，让学生能够在线上线下的生活中感受思政温度、体悟思政力量。

III. The Epochal Value of “Life-Oriented Ideological and Political Education”

三、“生活思政”的时代价值

Grasping the epochal value of “life-oriented ideological and political education” is a continuous exploration of its significance. Its value is reflected not only in the theoretical research of ideological and political education and the innovative development of ideological and political work in higher education institutions, but also plays an important role in enhancing the leading power of ideology and politics in the construction of a strong educational nation.

把握“生活思政”的时代价值就是对其意义的不断探寻，其价值不仅体现在思想政治教育理论研究和高校思想政治工作创新发展之中，而且对于在教育强国建设中增强思政引领力同样具有重要作用。

1. Providing a new domain for theoretical research on ideological and political education. “The foundational theoretical research on ideological and political education is not a closed area waiting for us to study, but an open field that requires our active exploration.” From the perspective of theoretical research on ideological and political education, the proposal of “life-oriented ideological and political education” opens up a new research domain and constitutes an important proposition worthy of in-depth scholarly investigation. First, “life-oriented ideological and political education” offers new research directions for the study of elements of ideological and political education, such as its methods, environment, and subject-object relations. Taking students’ daily life as its basic horizon, “life-oriented ideological and political education” itself embodies an innovative development in the research paradigm of ideological and political education. On this basis, it broadens the research perspective for theoretical studies of ideological and political education, enabling innovative research on its various elements from the angle of daily life, thereby enhancing the capacity of ideological and political education to interpret and guide students’ daily life. Second, “life-oriented ideological and political education” provides important support for empirical research on ideological and political education. Empirical research on ideological and political education is a key innovation in its foundational theory, with main contents including fieldwork, case studies, big-data mining, and model construction in ideological and political education. This reflects the further deepening of cross-disciplinary integration between ideological and political education and traditional disciplines such as pedagogy, sociology, and psychology. The application of empirical research on ideological and political education in “life-oriented ideological and political education” helps it scientifically judge and accurately assess the state of students’ daily life, and also plays a positive role in designing and constructing evaluation systems, excavating and enriching ideological and political elements, and improving the actual effectiveness of education.

1.为思想政治教育理论研究提供新论域。“思想政治教育的基础理论研究不是等着我们去研究的封闭区域，而是需要我们主动探索的开放领域。”从思想政治教育理论研究的角度看，“生活思政”的提出开辟了新的研究论域，是值得学界深入研究的重要命题。首先，“生活思政”对于思想政治教育方法、思想政治教育环境、思想政治教育主客体等思想政治教育要素研究提供了新的研究方向。“生活思政”以学生的日常生活为基本视域，本身就体现出思想政治教育研究范式的创新发展，在此基础上为思想政治教育理论研究拓宽了研究视角，从日常生活的角度对思想政治教育诸要素进行创新研究，增强思想政治教育对学生日常生活的阐释力、指导力。其次，“生活思政”对于思想政治教育实证研究提供了重要支撑。思想政治教育实证研究是思想政治教育基础理论的重要创新，以思想政治教育田野调查、思想政治教育案例研究、思想政治教育大数据挖掘、思想政治教育模型建构等为主要内容，体现出思想政治教育学与教育学、社会学、心理学等传统学科交叉融合的进一步深化。思想政治教育实证研究在“生活思政”中的运用有助于“生活思政”科学判断和精准评估学生的日常生活状况，并且在评价体系设计与建构、思政要素挖掘与丰富、育人实际成效提升等方面也发挥着积极作用。

2. Providing new ideas for the innovative development of ideological and political work in higher education institutions. Taking Zhejiang Wanli University as an example, as the proposer, advocate, and pioneering practitioner of the concept of “life-oriented ideological and political education,” it has continuously deepened and promoted its practice, to a certain extent forming a general consensus and favorable atmosphere of “everyone educates, everything educates, every moment educates, and every place educates.” It can be said that the practical experience of “life-oriented ideological and political education” at Zhejiang Wanli University provides new ideas for the innovative development of ideological and political work in higher education institutions in the New Era. First, the subjects of “life-oriented ideological and political education” include but are not limited to university logistics personnel and student affairs staff; all employees within the university should play an educational role in their respective posts and fulfill the educational mission. Second, “life-oriented ideological and political education” provides an important foundation for building a long-term mechanism for the “seven types of education” — namely, education through teaching, education through scientific research, education through practice, education through management, education through service, education through culture, and education through organization — integrating the educational mission into students’ daily life and displaying all aspects of education within a favorable living atmosphere.

2.为高校思想政治工作创新发展提供新思路。以浙江万里学院为例，作为“生活思政”理念的提出者、倡导者和践行“生活思政”的先行者、实干者，不断深化与推动“生活思政”实践，在一定程度上形成了“人人都育人，事事都育人，时时都育人，处处都育人”的普遍共识和良好氛围。可以说，浙江万里学院的“生活思政”实践经验为新时代高校思想政治工作创新发展提供了新思路。第一，“生活思政”的主体包括但不限于高校后勤人员和学工人员，高校范围内的所有职工都要在各自岗位上发挥育人作用，践行育人使命。第二，“生活思政”为“七个育人”即教书育人、科研育人、实践育人、管理育人、服务育人、文化育人、组织育人的长效机制建设提供重要依托，将育人使命融入学生日常生活之中，在良好的生活氛围中展现出育人的各个方面。

Third, “life-oriented ideological and political education” contributes to the systematic advancement of “three-aspect all-round education.” [3]3 “Three-aspect all-round education” (三全育人) refers to the principle of all-staff, whole-process, and all-round education, a key concept in Chinese higher education ideological and political work. “‘Three-aspect all-round education’ is a systematic and holistic grasp and understanding of educational time, educational space, and educational subjects, a holistic construction of ideological and political work in higher education institutions in terms of time and space, revealing the extensiveness and continuity of order in the educational process.” “Life-oriented ideological and political education” provides a life-based foundation for the connection and continuation of educational time, the expansion and extension of educational space, and the construction of educational subjects. It respects students’ subject status, emphasizes their emotional experience, uses the warmth of life to strengthen the force of ideological and political work, uses the breadth of life to elevate the height of ideological and value guidance, and uses the thickness of life to continuously improve the effectiveness of education.

第三，“生活思政”有助于“三全育人”的系统推进。“‘三全育人’是对育人时间、育人空间、育人主体的系统性、整体性把握和认识，是对高校思想政治工作在时空维度上进行的整体化构建，揭示了教育过程中的广延性、持续性的秩序。”“生活思政”为育人时间的衔接和延续、育人空间的增维和拓展、育人主体的构建提供生活底色，尊重学生的主体地位，注重学生的情感体验，以生活的温度增强思想政治工作的力度，以生活的广度提升思想价值引领的高度，以生活的厚度不断提升育人的效度。

3. Providing support for enhancing the guiding force of ideological and political work in building a strong educational system. In September 2024, at the National Education Conference, General Secretary Xi Jinping formally proposed the important concept of “the guiding force of ideological and political work” and regarded it as an inherent requirement for building a strong educational system. As the primary characteristic, fine tradition, and prominent advantage of a socialist educational system with Chinese characteristics, the essence of the guiding force of ideological and political work is the systematic expression of how ideological and political work and ideological and political education in the New Era are integrated into the construction of a strong socialist educational system with Chinese characteristics, guiding and leading it to steadily advance toward set goals, and playing corresponding functions and roles. The functional construction and role performance of the guiding force of ideological and political work require the “presence” of “life-oriented ideological and political education.” On the one hand, the guiding force of ideological and political work takes the construction of a strong educational system as its epochal background and the cultivation of new-era talents as its important goal; its functional construction and role performance both need to be carried out in daily life. Students’ daily life is an important field for the formation and development of the guiding force of ideological and political work; without real life, the power inherent in this guiding force would have nowhere to manifest. “Life-oriented ideological and political education” provides a realistic foundation for the formation and development of the guiding force of ideological and political work, using the basic horizon of students’ daily life to delineate a feasible scope of action for this guiding force. Starting from real life, it finds the focal points for the guiding force of ideological and political work to act within students’ daily life, and identifies small entry points for its role within the grand narrative of building a strong educational system. On the other hand, “life-oriented ideological and political education” also provides a life-oriented construction approach for the functional construction and role performance of the guiding force of ideological and political work. This not only enables the guiding force to use more vivid life-based discourse to influence students, further stimulating their initiative and proactivity in striving to become new-era talents and guiding and leading them to devote themselves to socialist modernization, but also endows the guiding force with more prominent cultural attributes, producing a sustained and far-reaching effect on shaping students’ lifestyles, and in turn creating favorable cultural conditions and realistic circumstances for the implementation and practical promotion of the concept of “life-oriented ideological and political education.”

3.为在教育强国建设中增强思政引领力提供支撑。2024年9月，习近平总书记在全国教育大会上正式提出“思政引领力”这一重要概念，并将其视为建成教育强国的内在要求。思政引领力作为中国特色社会主义教育强国的首要特质、优良传统和突出优势，其实质是新时代思想政治工作和思想政治教育融贯进中国特色社会主义教育强国建设，引导、带领其朝着既定目标坚实迈进，从中发挥相应功能和作用的系统性表达。思政引领力的功能建构和作用发挥需要“生活思政”的“在场”。一方面，思政引领力以教育强国建设为时代背景，以时代新人培育为重要目标，其功能的建构和作用的发挥均需要在日常生活中进行。学生的日常生活是思政引领力形成和发展的重要场域，离开现实的生活，思政引领力所内蕴的力量将无处彰显。“生活思政”为思政引领力的形成和发展提供现实基础，以学生日常生活这一基本视域为思政引领力划定了切实可行的作用范围。从现实生活出发，在学生的日常生活中找到思政引领力作用的着力点，在建成教育强国的宏大叙事中找准思政引领力作用的小切口。另一方面，“生活思政”也为思政引领力在功能建构和作用发挥的过程中提供了生活化的建构思路，既让思政引领力能够运用更为鲜活的生活话语感染学生，进一步激发学生争做时代新人的积极性和主动性，引导和带领其投身社会主义现代化建设，同时也让思政引领力具备更加突出的文化属性，对学生生活方式的塑造产生持续、深远的作用和影响，并且反过来为“生活思政”的理念落地和实际推行创造良好的文化氛围与现实条件。

(The authors are: Secretary of the Party Committee and Professor at Zhejiang Wanli University; and doctoral student at the School of Marxism, Beijing Normal University.)

（作者系江万里学院党委书记，教授；北京师范大学马克思主义学院博士研究生）

Online editor: Ma Jingren

网络编辑：马京仁