Seize the Historical Opportunity of Artificial Intelligence Development to Build a New Pattern of Higher Education Development

General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized that “artificial intelligence is a key driving force for a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and is profoundly changing people’s modes of production, life, and learning, propelling human society into an intelligent era of human-machine collaboration, cross-border integration, and co-creation and sharing.” At present, global artificial intelligence technology is accelerating its iteration and has become the driving engine for leapfrog development in science and technology, industrial optimization and upgrading, and an overall surge in productive forces. As the concentrated intersection of education, science and technology, and talent, institutions of higher education must firmly grasp the historical opportunity of artificial intelligence development, actively integrate into the changes of the era with a higher political standpoint and more systematic strategic planning, accelerate the construction of a new pattern of higher education development, and support and lead Chinese-path modernization through building a strong education system.

习近平总书记强调，“人工智能是引领新一轮科技革命和产业变革的重要驱动力，正深刻改变着人们的生产、生活、学习方式，推动人类社会迎来人机协同、跨界融合、共创分享的智能时代”。当前，全球人工智能技术加速迭代，已成为推动科技跨越式发展、产业优化升级、生产力整体跃升的驱动引擎。高校作为教育、科技、人才的集中交汇点，必须牢牢把握人工智能发展的历史机遇，以更高的政治站位、更系统的战略谋划主动融入时代变革，加快构建高等教育发展新格局，以教育强国建设支撑引领中国式现代化。

I. Strengthen Strategic Awareness and Grasp the Direction of Higher Education Reform in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

一、强化战略认知，把握人工智能时代高等教育变革方向

The “Education Powerhouse Construction Plan Outline (2024–2035)” [1]1 The “Education Powerhouse Construction Plan Outline (2024–2035)” is a central policy document issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council in January 2025, outlining strategic goals and measures for China’s education development over the next decade. clearly states that it is necessary to “promote artificial intelligence to assist educational reform.” As the main front for talent cultivation, the source of scientific and technological innovation, and the gathering place for high-level talent, higher education is undergoing profound changes driven by artificial intelligence. This change is by no means a simple superimposition of artificial intelligence technology onto the field of education, but a profound reshaping of the educational paradigm.

《教育强国建设规划纲要（2024-2035年）》明确提出，“促进人工智能助力教育变革”。高等教育作为人才培养主阵地、科技创新策源地、高层次人才聚集地，在人工智能的推动下正经历深刻变革。这种变革绝不只是人工智能技术在教育领域的简单叠加，而是对教育范式的深刻重塑。

Artificial intelligence leads the innovation of the education system. General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized that “China attaches great importance to the profound impact of artificial intelligence on education, and actively promotes the deep integration of artificial intelligence and education to drive educational reform and innovation.” Currently, artificial intelligence technology is changing the laws of knowledge production, driving innovation in the focus of educational goals, practical pathways, and the structure of educational spaces. First, the focus of educational goals is more prominently on capacity building. The deep application of artificial intelligence has changed the way humans acquire, create, and apply knowledge, continuously lowering the marginal cost of knowledge acquisition. The focus of human education goals should shift from imparting knowledge to cultivating higher-order thinking abilities, comprehensive innovation capabilities, and lifelong learning abilities, placing greater emphasis on awakening the mind, enlightening wisdom, and perfecting personality. Second, the practical pathways of education place greater emphasis on precise adaptation. Intelligent education systems, through multimodal data collection and deep learning algorithms, can precisely analyze learners’ cognitive characteristics, learning preferences, and growth trajectories, comprehensively assisting learning, teaching, research, management, and evaluation, achieving the integration of “personalization, high quality, and large scale” in education. Third, the structural form of educational spaces places greater emphasis on the integration of the virtual and the real. Artificial intelligence breaks the temporal and spatial limitations of education, extends the depth and breadth of education, and promotes the expansion of educational spaces toward ubiquitous spaces integrating the virtual and the real, forming a new form of educational space where physical spaces provide immersion and virtual spaces continuously extend.

人工智能引领教育体系革新。习近平总书记强调，“中国高度重视人工智能对教育的深刻影响，积极推动人工智能和教育深度融合，促进教育变革创新”。当前，人工智能技术正在改变知识生产规律，推动教育目标重心、实践路径和场域结构的革新。一是教育目标重心更突出能力培养。人工智能的深度应用，改变了人类获取、创造和应用知识的方式，使得知识获取的边际成本不断降低。人类教育目标的重心应从传授知识转向培养高阶思维能力、综合创新能力和终身学习能力，更加重视唤醒心灵、启迪智慧、完善人格。二是教育实践路径更强调精准适配。智能教育系统通过多模态数据采集和深度学习算法，可精准分析学习者的认知特征、学习偏好、成长轨迹，全方位助学、助教、助研、助管、助评，实现教育“个性化、高质量、大规模”的融合。三是教育场域结构更注重虚实结合。人工智能打破了教育的时间和空间限制，延展了教育的深度和广度，推动教育场域向虚实融合的泛在空间拓展，形成实体空间浸润、虚拟空间不断延伸的新型教育空间形态。

Artificial intelligence drives the transformation of the scientific research paradigm. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that “new technologies such as artificial intelligence are flourishing, greatly enhancing humanity’s ability to understand and transform the world.” Artificial intelligence possesses large-scale data processing capabilities and demonstrates advantages in modeling complex systems, bringing new methods and tools to scientific research. Artificial intelligence-driven scientific research is likely to become a new paradigm for scientific research following empirical science, theoretical science, computational science, and data science. First, the efficiency of scientific research innovation is shifting from efficiency bottlenecks to intelligent acceleration. Traditional scientific research activities are constrained by resource conditions, long experimental cycles, and other factors, easily falling into efficiency bottlenecks; artificial intelligence can improve the efficiency of experimental data processing, solve complex deduction and calculation problems, and accelerate scientific discovery and technological invention. For example, artificial intelligence has already shown broad application prospects in fields such as drug development, genetic research, biological breeding, and new materials research. Second, the organizational form of scientific research is evolving from disciplinary separation to cross-disciplinary integration. The traditional scientific research system is built on the basis of disciplinary differentiation, with boundaries and barriers between disciplines. Currently, scientific problems are highly complex, research activities are large in scale, and they span many disciplines. Artificial intelligence breaks down traditional disciplinary boundaries, promotes cross-domain integration of research activities, and brings unprecedented opportunities for the integration and reshaping of the disciplinary system. The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton for their “foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks,” and half of the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was jointly awarded to Demis Hassabis and John Jumper of the artificial intelligence company DeepMind for their contributions to protein structure prediction. Two of the three Nobel science prizes were related to artificial intelligence, profoundly reflecting that cross-disciplinary integration will become the norm. Third, the positioning of the research subject is shifting from using tools to human-machine collaboration. After artificial intelligence learns and masters the knowledge created by humans, the machine is not merely a technical tool but a collaborator in the research process. Researchers can integrate human experience into computational models, fully leverage the machine’s computational advantages and human intuitive advantages, construct a human-machine collaborative mechanism, and achieve the integration of human decision-making and artificial intelligence analysis.

人工智能驱动科研范式变革。习近平总书记指出，“人工智能等新技术方兴未艾，大幅提升了人类认识世界和改造世界的能力”。人工智能具备大规模数据处理能力，展现出复杂系统建模优势，为科学研究带来新的方法和工具。人工智能驱动的科学研究将有可能成为继经验科学、理论科学、计算科学和数据科学之后的科学研究新范式。一是科研创新效能从效率瓶颈向智能加速转变。传统科研活动受制于资源条件、实验周期漫长等因素，易陷入效率瓶颈；人工智能可以提高实验数据处理效率，解决复杂推演计算问题，加快科学发现和技术发明。例如，人工智能已在药物研发、基因研究、生物育种、新材料研发等领域展现广阔应用前景。二是科研组织形态从学科分立向交叉融合演进。传统科研体系建立在学科分化基础之上，各学科间存在边界和壁垒。当前，科学问题复杂度高、研究活动规模大、跨越的学科多，人工智能打破传统学科边界，推动科研活动跨域融合，给学科体系融合重塑带来前所未有的机遇。2024年诺贝尔物理学奖授予约翰·霍普菲尔德和杰弗里·辛顿，以表彰他们“通过人工神经网络实现机器学习的基础性发现和发明”，同年诺贝尔化学奖的一半共同授予人工智能公司DeepMind（深层思维）的德米斯·哈萨比斯和约翰·江珀，以表彰其在蛋白质结构预测方面的贡献。诺贝尔三大科学奖两项与人工智能相关，深刻反映学科交叉融合将成常态。三是科研主体定位从使用工具向人机协作转变。人工智能学习掌握人类创造的知识后，机器不仅仅是一种技术工具，更是研究过程中的协作者。科研人员可以将人类经验融合到计算模型当中，充分发挥机器的算力优势和人类的直觉优势，构建人机协同机制，实现人的决策与人工智能分析的融合。

Artificial intelligence changes the landscape of talent competition. General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized that “talent resources are an important strength and significant advantage for our country in fierce international competition.” Innovation-driven development is essentially talent-driven, and competition in comprehensive national power ultimately boils down to talent competition. First, the rapid development of artificial intelligence intensifies the competition among countries for artificial intelligence talent. As the core driving force of the new round of scientific and technological revolution, competition in the field of artificial intelligence has extended from technological breakthroughs to talent competition, both giving rise to new trends in global talent flow and prompting countries to accelerate the transformation of their talent strategies. Major countries and regions around the world are competing to release artificial intelligence development strategies, generally making talent cultivation and reserve a strategic priority. The cross-border flow of talent exhibits the characteristics of “high-end and cutting-edge,” with scientists mastering core algorithms and engineers possessing cross-border integration capabilities becoming the focus of competition. Second, the rapid industrial application of artificial intelligence changes society’s demand structure for talent. As a foundational and driving technological force, artificial intelligence deeply integrates with multiple industries or fields such as manufacturing, education, healthcare, agriculture, and finance, giving rise to new products, new business forms, and new models, profoundly changing people’s production and lifestyle, and also restructuring society’s talent demand and job layout. According to the “Future of Jobs Report 2025” released by the World Economic Forum, it is predicted that by 2030, artificial intelligence and data processing technology will create 11 million jobs and also replace 9 million jobs; in percentage terms, the three fastest-growing occupations are big data specialists, fintech engineers, and artificial intelligence and machine learning specialists. Third, the rapid iteration of artificial intelligence technology is driving supply-side reform in talent cultivation at institutions of higher education. Facing the profound changes brought by the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, cultivating a large number of high-end artificial intelligence talents with innovation capabilities and a spirit of cooperation has become an important mission for institutions of higher education. World-class universities are seizing the historical opportunity to cultivate talents in the field of artificial intelligence by innovating talent selection and cultivation mechanisms, promoting cross-disciplinary integration, and strengthening industry-university-research cooperation, providing key support for countries to seize the initiative in global scientific and technological competition.

人工智能改变人才竞争态势。习近平总书记强调，“人才资源是我国在激烈的国际竞争中的重要力量和显著优势”。创新驱动本质上是人才驱动，综合国力竞争归根到底是人才竞争。一是人工智能的快速发展加剧各国对人工智能人才的争夺。作为新一轮科技革命的核心驱动力，人工智能领域的竞争已从技术突破延展至人才争夺，既催生全球人才流动新态势，也推动各国加速推进人才战略转型。全球主要国家和地区竞相发布人工智能发展战略，普遍将人才培养和储备作为战略重点。人才的跨国流动呈现“高精尖”特征，掌握核心算法的科学家、具备跨界整合能力的工程师成为争夺的焦点。二是人工智能快速产业化应用改变社会的人才需求结构。作为基础性、驱动性的技术力量，人工智能与制造、教育、医疗、农业、金融等多个行业或领域深度融合，催生新产品、新业态、新模式，深刻改变人们的生产生活方式，也重构了社会的人才需求和岗位布局。据世界经济论坛发布的《2025年未来就业报告》预测，到2030年，人工智能和数据处理技术将创造1100万个岗位，也将取代900万个岗位，按百分比计算，增长最快的三个职业是大数据专家、金融科技工程师以及人工智能和机器学习专家。三是人工智能技术的快速迭代，正推动高校人才培养供给侧改革。面对人工智能技术快速发展带来的深刻变革，培养大批具有创新能力和合作精神的人工智能高端人才，已成为高校的重要使命。世界一流高校纷纷抓住历史机遇，通过创新人才选拔培养机制、推动学科交叉融合、加强产学研合作等方式，培养人工智能领域人才，为各国抢占全球科技竞争主动权提供关键支撑。

II. Reshape the Education Model and Improve the Effectiveness of Cultivating Top-Notch Innovative Talents

二、重塑育人模式，提高拔尖创新人才培养效能

The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC [2]2 The 20th National Congress of the CPC was held in October 2022, at which Xi Jinping delivered a report that set the direction for the Party and the country in the New Era. pointed out that it is necessary to “comprehensively improve the quality of independent talent cultivation, strive to cultivate top-notch innovative talents, and gather talents from all over the world and use them well.” Currently, artificial intelligence is promoting the reconstruction of the underlying logic of the education system by expanding the boundaries of education, transforming teaching methods, and empowering teaching management. Facing the profound impact of artificial intelligence on education, institutions of higher education should accurately recognize changes, scientifically respond to changes, and actively seek changes, actively promote the deep integration of higher education and artificial intelligence, innovate educational concepts, reshape the role of teachers, transform student evaluation, and continuously improve the effectiveness of cultivating top-notch innovative talents.

党的二十大报告指出，“全面提高人才自主培养质量，着力造就拔尖创新人才，聚天下英才而用之”。当前，人工智能正在通过拓展教育边界、变革教学方式、赋能教学管理，推动教育系统底层逻辑重构。面对人工智能对教育的深刻影响，高校应准确识变、科学应变、主动求变，积极推动高等教育与人工智能深度融合，革新教育理念、重塑教师角色、转型学生评价，不断提高拔尖创新人才培养效能。

Promote the innovation of educational concepts. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, “Fully leverage the advantages of artificial intelligence to accelerate the development of education that accompanies everyone throughout life, is equally accessible to everyone, suits everyone, and is more open and flexible.” [3]3 Xi Jinping, “A Letter to the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education,” May 16, 2019. In the process of rapid information technology development, the ubiquity of knowledge acquisition channels and the datafication of knowledge production methods have become the norm. How to seize the opportunity of AI development, stimulate students’ creativity through personalized education, and cultivate more top-notch innovative talents who meet national strategic needs and social development demands has become a pressing practical issue for universities. AI technology, based on recommendation engines analyzing learning behaviors, can construct “thousands of people, thousands of faces” [4]4 “Thousands of people, thousands of faces” (千人千面) is a Chinese idiom originally used in marketing to describe personalized content recommendation; here it refers to AI-generated individualized learning paths. knowledge graphs, effectively identify students’ cognitive blind spots, and tailor exclusive learning content and plans for each student. During the 2025 Spring Festival holiday, the domestic large model DeepSeek became a global sensation due to its low cost and high performance. A large number of domestic universities have successively explored practical applications of DeepSeek, with some schools integrating this large model into their self-developed platforms. It can be said that AI is further driving the renewal of higher education concepts and empowering the cultivation of top-notch innovative talents. This transformation is not merely an upgrade of technological tools but a reconstruction of educational concepts, an inevitable result of digital technology development, and an inevitable trend in the future development of education.

推动教育理念革新。习近平总书记指出，“充分发挥人工智能优势，加快发展伴随每个人一生的教育、平等面向每个人的教育、适合每个人的教育、更加开放灵活的教育”。在信息技术快速发展过程中，知识获取渠道泛在化、知识生产方式数据化成为常态。如何抓住人工智能发展机遇，通过个性化教育激发学生创造力，培养更多适应国家战略需要、符合社会发展需求的拔尖创新人才，成为高校亟需解决的现实问题。人工智能技术基于学习行为分析的推荐引擎，可构建“千人千面”的知识图谱，有效识别学生的认知盲区，为每名学生量身定制专属的学习内容和学习计划。2025年春节期间，国产大模型DeepSeek凭借低成本、高性能优势，火爆全球。国内一大批高校陆续探索开展有关DeepSeek的实践应用，部分学校已在自主研发平台中接入了该大模型。可以说，人工智能正在进一步推动高等教育理念更新，赋能拔尖创新人才培养。这种变革不仅是技术工具的升级，更是教育理念的重构，是数字技术发展的必然结果，也是未来教育发展的必然趋势。

Empower the transformation of teachers’ roles. The “Opinions on Comprehensively Deepening the Reform of the Construction of the Teaching Force in the New Era” issued by the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council clearly states, “Teachers should actively adapt to new technological changes such as informatization and artificial intelligence, and actively and effectively carry out education and teaching.” [5]5 Issued by the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council in January 2018. The deep integration of AI with education and teaching continuously unleashes its transformative power in teachers’ professional development and self-identity construction. On the one hand, students’ access to knowledge has become more open and convenient, making “everyone learns, everywhere learns, anytime learns” possible. On the other hand, AI systems can undertake tasks such as homework grading, learning progress tracking, and even knowledge point correlation analysis, course content planning, and teaching activity design, helping teachers save time and energy and improve educational efficiency. In this context, teachers continuously enhance their AI literacy and digital teaching capabilities, promoting personalized education centered on adaptive learning systems, becoming designers of student learning and educators empowered by technology. At the same time, they focus on guiding students’ ideological thinking and deeply inspiring their thinking abilities, while imparting knowledge, they strive to cultivate students’ dialectical thinking, innovative capabilities, and emotional literacy.

赋能教师角色转换。中共中央、国务院印发的《关于全面深化新时代教师队伍建设改革的意见》明确提出，“教师主动适应信息化、人工智能等新技术变革，积极有效开展教育教学”。人工智能与教育教学深度融合，在教师专业发展与自我身份建构中不断释放其革新力量。一方面，学生获取知识的途径更加开放便捷，“人人皆学、处处能学、时时可学”成为可能。另一方面，人工智能系统可承担作业批改、学情追踪甚至知识点关联分析、课程内容规划、教学活动设计等工作，帮助教师节省时间精力、提升教育效能。在此背景下，教师不断增强人工智能素养和数字教学能力，推动以自适应学习系统为核心的个性化教育，成为学生学习的设计师和技术赋能的教育者。同时，注重对学生的思想引领和思维能力深度启发，在传授知识的同时，着力培养学生的辩证思维、创新能力和情感素养。

Drive the transformation of student evaluation. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized, “How students are cultivated depends on what yardstick is used to measure them and with what eyes to discover them. Education is not about creating ‘failures’; the practice of labeling based on scores must be completely changed.” [6]6 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the National Education Conference,” September 10, 2018. Educational evaluation is the “baton” of the educational ecosystem and a concrete expression of educational values. An AI-driven evaluation system can achieve multi-dimensional capability diagnosis through full-process learning data tracking, focusing not only on the degree of knowledge mastery but also assessing core competencies and higher-order thinking skills. It can also provide scientific basis for personalized guidance by predicting learning trends and identifying knowledge blind spots, achieving the intrinsic unity of knowledge mastery and capability development. In the AI era, student evaluation should break free from the shackles of “score-only theory,” fully utilize information technology, improve outcome evaluation, strengthen process evaluation, explore value-added evaluation, and perfect comprehensive evaluation, constructing a three-in-one evaluation system of knowledge mastery, capability development, and value shaping, promoting students’ comprehensive development in morality, intelligence, physical fitness, aesthetics, and labor, and striving to cultivate a large number of top-notch innovative talents.

驱动学生评价转型。习近平总书记强调，“学生培养得怎么样，要看拿什么样的尺子去衡量，以什么样的眼光去发现。教育不是制造‘失败者’的，以分数贴标签的做法必须彻底改”。教育评价是教育生态的“指挥棒”，更是育人价值观的具象化表达。人工智能驱动的评估体系可通过全程学习数据追踪，实现多维度能力诊断，既关注知识掌握程度，也评估核心素养和高阶思维能力，还能通过预测学习趋势、识别知识盲点，为个性化指导提供科学依据，实现知识掌握与能力发展的内在统一。人工智能时代，对学生的评价应突破“唯分数论”的桎梏，充分利用信息技术，改进结果评价、强化过程评价、探索增值评价、健全综合评价，构建知识掌握、能力发展和价值塑造三位一体的评估体系，促进学生德智体美劳全面发展，努力造就一大批拔尖创新人才。

III. Exert the “head goose” effect, promote interdisciplinary integration and the integration of industry and education

三、发挥“头雁”效应，推动学科交叉和产教融合

Currently, the technological revolution and major-power games are intertwined, with high-tech fields becoming the forefront and main battlefield of international competition, profoundly reshaping global order and development patterns. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, “Artificial intelligence is a strategic technology leading this round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, with a strong ‘head goose’ effect of spillover and driving force.” [7]7 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the 9th Collective Study Session of the Politburo of the 19th CPC Central Committee,” October 31, 2018. As the main force in basic research and the source of major technological breakthroughs, universities are an important component of the national strategic scientific and technological strength and the national innovation system. They should deeply grasp the development trends of world science and technology, take accelerating the development of the new generation of AI as an important strategic lever, promote the reconstruction of the disciplinary system with systematic thinking, and, guided by the deep integration of the innovation chain and the industrial chain, drive China’s leapfrog development in science and technology, providing solid support for achieving high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening.

当前，科技革命与大国博弈相互交织，高技术领域成为国际竞争最前沿和主战场，深刻重塑全球秩序和发展格局。习近平总书记指出，“人工智能是引领这一轮科技革命和产业变革的战略性技术，具有溢出带动性很强的‘头雁’效应”。高校作为基础研究主力军、重大科技突破策源地，是国家战略科技力量和国家创新体系的重要组成部分，应深刻把握世界科技发展大势，将加快发展新一代人工智能作为重要战略抓手，以系统性思维推动学科体系重构，以创新链与产业链深度融合为导向，推动我国科技跨越发展，为实现高水平科技自立自强提供坚实支撑。

Consolidate the foundation for independent innovation in AI. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized, “Focus on enhancing original innovation capabilities, take key core technologies as the main direction of attack, and consolidate the foundation for the development of the new generation of artificial intelligence.” [8]8 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the 9th Collective Study Session of the Politburo of the 19th CPC Central Committee,” October 31, 2018. AI is not only the engine of technological revolution but also a high ground for national strategic competition. Universities should take a long-term perspective, strengthen basic research, and, centering on the three core elements of data, algorithms, and computing power, lay out and carry out cutting-edge research in AI. Strengthen top-level design, incorporate AI into the core areas of disciplinary construction, and construct a full-chain disciplinary layout of “basic research—technological breakthrough—industrial application.” With intelligent science and technology as the first-level discipline at the core, integrate basic disciplinary resources such as computer science, mathematics, and cognitive science to form a “hardcore” disciplinary cluster supporting original innovation in intelligent technology. Focus on cutting-edge fields, grasp the global development trends of AI, identify breakthroughs and main directions, prospectively lay out cross-field basic theoretical research such as advanced machine learning, brain-inspired intelligent computing, and quantum intelligent computing, strengthen the tackling of key core technologies, seize the commanding heights of AI technological innovation, and continuously enhance international influence.

筑牢人工智能自主创新根基。习近平总书记强调，“把增强原创能力作为重点，以关键核心技术为主攻方向，夯实新一代人工智能发展的基础”。人工智能既是技术革命的引擎，更是国家战略竞争的高地。高校应立足长远，强化基础研究，围绕数据、算法、算力三大核心要素，布局开展人工智能前沿领域攻关。强化顶层设计，将人工智能纳入学科建设核心领域，构建“基础研究—技术攻关—产业应用”的全链条学科布局。以智能科学与技术一级学科为核心，整合计算机科学、数学、认知科学等基础学科资源，形成支撑智能技术原始创新的“硬核”学科群。聚焦前沿领域，把握全球人工智能发展态势，找准突破口和主攻方向，前瞻布局高级机器学习、类脑智能计算、量子智能计算等跨领域基础理论研究，加强关键核心技术攻关，抢占人工智能科技创新制高点，不断提升国际影响力。

Activate the momentum for interdisciplinary collaborative development. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized, “Make good use of the ‘catalyst’ of interdisciplinary integration, strengthen the cultivation capacity of basic disciplines, and break down disciplinary barriers.” [9]9 Xi Jinping, “Speech at a Symposium with Scientists,” September 11, 2020. As a discipline, AI not only has the characteristics of being multidisciplinary, highly complex, but can also deeply integrate and penetrate into various disciplines. Universities should take “AI+” as a lever to promote the digital and intelligent transformation and upgrading of traditional disciplines. In the fields of science and engineering, the cross-penetration of basic disciplines such as physics, chemistry, and biology with AI can be accelerated, developing emerging directions such as intelligent materials and synthetic biology; in the fields of humanities and social sciences, innovative directions such as digital humanities and intelligent social governance can be explored, using big data analysis, machine learning algorithms, and other technologies to reconstruct research paradigms. At the same time, attach importance to the cultivation of humanistic spirit, adhere to the unity of instrumental rationality and value rationality, and avoid falling into the misunderstanding of technology supremacy. For example, strengthen research on algorithm fairness in legal education, and pay attention to the balance between AI-assisted diagnosis and humanistic care in medical education, etc.

激活学科交叉协同发展动能。习近平总书记强调，“要用好学科交叉融合的‘催化剂’，加强基础学科培养能力，打破学科专业壁垒”。人工智能作为一门学科，不仅具有多学科综合、高度复杂的特征，还能深度融合并渗透至各个学科。高校应以“人工智能+”为抓手，推动传统学科向数字化、智能化方向转型升级。在理工科领域，可加速物理、化学、生物等基础学科与人工智能的交叉渗透，发展智能材料、合成生物学等新兴方向；在人文社科领域，可探索数字人文、智能社会治理等创新方向，运用大数据分析、机器学习算法等技术重构研究范式。同时，重视人文精神的培育，坚持工具理性与价值理性的统一，避免陷入技术至上的误区。例如，在法学教育中强化算法公平性研究，在医学教育中注重人工智能辅助诊断与人文关怀的平衡，等等。

Improve the two-way driving mechanism for the integration of industry and education. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized, “Actively cultivate AI innovation products and services, promote the industrialization of AI technology, and form a good development situation of mutual promotion between technological innovation and industrial application.” [10]10 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the 9th Collective Study Session of the Politburo of the 19th CPC Central Committee,” October 31, 2018. The strong application attribute of AI requires universities to step out of the “ivory tower,” actively integrate into enterprise-led industry-university-research innovation consortia, and promote the integrated development of AI technological innovation and industrial innovation. Innovate school-enterprise collaboration mechanisms, actively promote the “four-chain integration” of the education chain, talent chain, innovation chain, and industrial chain, proactively connect with national industry-education integration innovation platforms, and jointly build joint laboratories, industrial research institutes, and other substantive platforms with leading enterprises in the AI field, carrying out key core technology research around scenarios such as intelligent manufacturing, intelligent healthcare, and smart cities. Strengthen the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, draw innovation chain maps around the AI industry chain, and promote high-level technology transfer. By improving the intellectual property sharing system, establishing a transformation fund for scientific and technological achievements, building a professional team of technology managers, and constructing a collaborative innovation community of “basic research in universities, pilot incubation on platforms, and large-scale application in enterprises,” accelerate and improve the efficiency of transforming AI research results.

完善产教融合双向驱动机制。习近平总书记强调，“积极培育人工智能创新产品和服务，推进人工智能技术产业化，形成科技创新和产业应用互相促进的良好发展局面”。人工智能的强应用属性要求高校走出“象牙塔”，积极融入企业主导的产学研创新联合体，推动人工智能领域科技创新和产业创新融合发展。创新校企协同机制，积极推动教育链、人才链、创新链、产业链“四链融合”，主动对接国家产教融合创新平台，与人工智能领域龙头企业共建联合实验室、产业研究院等实体平台，围绕智能制造、智能医疗、智慧城市等场景开展关键核心技术攻关。加强科技成果转化，围绕人工智能产业链绘制创新链图谱，推进高水平技术转移。通过完善知识产权共享制度，设立科技成果转化基金，打造专业化技术经理人队伍，构建“基础研究在高校、中试孵化在平台、规模应用在企业”的协同创新共同体，推动人工智能领域科研成果转化提速增效。

IV. Adhere to upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, enhance the modernization level of university governance

四、坚持守正创新，提升高校治理现代化水平

During this year’s National Two Sessions [11]11 The “National Two Sessions” refers to the annual concurrent meetings of the National People’s Congress (NPC) and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), China’s top legislative and advisory bodies., when General Secretary Xi Jinping visited and participated in a joint group meeting of the members of the China Democratic League, the China Association for Promoting Democracy, and the education sector attending the Third Session of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, he emphasized: “On the one hand, with the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence, the tools and methods of education will change, and the cultivation of students’ abilities will change; these are precisely what need to be reformed in step with the times. On the other hand, the cultivation of students’ intellectual enlightenment, the nurturing of their minds, and the development of their basic cognitive abilities and problem-solving abilities cannot be relaxed.” This important exposition profoundly reveals what changes and what remains unchanged in education in the era of artificial intelligence, providing a fundamental guideline for AI to empower the development of higher education. The application of AI technology drives the reconstruction of educational forms, while also bringing dual challenges at the value level and the ethical level. Higher education must adhere to the dialectical unity of upholding fundamental principles and pursuing innovation, uphold the Party’s leadership to set the direction, ideological and political education to forge the soul, and digital-intelligence empowerment to enhance quality and efficiency, continuously raising the level of modernization in university governance.

今年全国两会期间，习近平总书记看望参加全国政协十四届三次会议的民盟、民进、教育界委员并参加联组会时强调，“一方面，有了智联网、人工智能，教育的工具和方法会发生变化，学生能力培养会有变化，这些正需要与时俱进地进行改革。另一方面，对于学生的启智、心灵的培养和基本的认知能力、解决问题能力的培养，是不能放松的”。这一重要论述，深刻揭示了人工智能时代教育的变与不变，为人工智能赋能高等教育发展提供了根本遵循。人工智能技术的应用推动教育形态重构，同时也带来了价值层面和伦理层面的双重挑战，高等教育必须坚持守正与创新的辩证统一，坚持党的领导把方向、思政教育铸灵魂、数智赋能提质效，不断提升高校治理现代化水平。

Uphold the Party’s leadership and firmly grasp the direction of running schools in the era of artificial intelligence. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Strengthening the Party’s leadership over universities, and strengthening and improving Party building in universities, is the fundamental guarantee for running socialist universities with Chinese characteristics well.” [12]12 This is a direct quotation from Xi Jinping’s speech at a national conference on Party building in universities in 2016. Facing risks that the rapid development of AI technology may bring, such as ideological infiltration, algorithmic bias, technology abuse, and information leakage, the Party committees of universities must deeply comprehend the decisive significance of the Two Establishments, enhance the Four Consciousnesses, strengthen the Four Confidences, and achieve the Two Upholds, solidly carry out university Party building work, and provide a strong guarantee for advancing the construction of an educational powerhouse. Improve the institutional system for the Party’s comprehensive leadership over educational work, adhere to educating people for the Party and cultivating talent for the country, use big data technology to monitor in real time the “digital vital signs” of key areas such as discipline construction, talent cultivation, and scientific research, transform the Party’s educational policies into quantifiable and traceable governance actions, and ensure that the direction of running schools does not deviate and the original aspiration of educating people does not waver. Strive to run education that satisfies the people, optimize the allocation of educational resources through AI technology, break down barriers between regions and schools, enable high-quality educational resources to cover a broader population, and contribute to the substantive improvement of educational equity.

坚持党的领导，把牢人工智能时代办学方向。习近平总书记指出：“加强党对高校的领导,加强和改进高校党的建设，是办好中国特色社会主义大学的根本保证。”面对人工智能技术快速发展可能带来的意识形态渗透、算法偏见、技术滥用、信息泄露等风险，高校党委必须深刻领悟“两个确立”的决定性意义，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，扎实做好高校党建工作，为推进教育强国建设提供坚强保证。健全党对教育工作全面领导的制度体系，坚持为党育人、为国育才，运用大数据技术实时监测学科建设、人才培养、科研攻关等关键领域的“数字体征”，将党的教育方针转化为可量化、可追溯的治理行动，确保办学方向不偏、育人初心不移。努力办好人民满意的教育，通过人工智能技术优化教育资源配置，打破地域、校际壁垒，使优质教育资源覆盖更广泛群体，助力教育公平的实质性提升。

Highlight ideological and political education as the soul, and deepen the value foundation of fostering virtue and nurturing talent in universities. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “We must take fostering virtue and nurturing talent as the central link, and run ideological and political work through the entire process of education and teaching.” [13]13 This is a direct quotation from Xi Jinping’s speech at a national conference on ideological and political work in universities in 2016. Facing value alienation challenges such as the “information cocoon” effect of algorithmic recommendations, implicit academic misconduct in AI-assisted academic paper writing, and the crisis of emotional alienation in human-computer interaction, universities must run ideological and political education through all aspects of the entire process of AI empowering higher education development, and construct an education system that deeply integrates technological governance and value shaping. Adhere to a people-centered approach, always place the cultivation of socialist builders and successors who are well-developed morally, intellectually, physically, aesthetically, and labor-wise at the logical starting point, respect the subject status of “people” in the era of artificial intelligence, adhere to a student-centered educational philosophy, strengthen ideological guidance, and cultivate new-era individuals with ideals, skills, and a sense of responsibility. Adhere to the principle of intelligence for good, use digital-intelligence technology to empower ideological and political education, accurately analyze students’ ideological trends and behavioral characteristics, integrate core socialist values into algorithmic recommendations, and use AI technology to continuously innovate the content, forms, and carriers of ideological and political education, helping to enhance the precision and effectiveness of education.

突出思政铸魂，厚植高校立德树人价值底蕴。习近平总书记强调，“要坚持把立德树人作为中心环节，把思想政治工作贯穿教育教学全过程”。面对算法推荐的“信息茧房”效应、人工智能辅助学术论文写作的隐性学术不端、人机交互的情感疏离危机等价值异化挑战，高校必须将思想政治教育贯穿人工智能赋能高等教育发展全过程各方面，构建技术治理与价值塑造深度融合的育人体系。坚持以人为本，始终将培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人置于逻辑起点，尊重“人”在人工智能时代的主体地位，坚持以学生为中心的教育理念，强化思想引领，培养有理想、有本领、有担当的时代新人。坚持智能向善，运用数智技术赋能思想政治教育，精准分析学生的思想动态和行为特征，将社会主义核心价值观融入算法推荐，运用人工智能技术不断创新思政教育的内容、形式和载体，助力提升教育的精准度和实效性。

(The author is Secretary of the Party Committee of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering)

（作者系华中科技大学党委书记、中国工程院院士）

Online editor: Ma Jingren

网络编辑：马京仁