The Connotation and Key Points of Firming up Ideals and Convictions in the Context of Building a Strong Education Country

In September 2024, at the National Education Conference, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that building a strong socialist education country with Chinese characteristics requires "persistently using Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to forge souls and educate people, and implementing the project of fostering virtue and nurturing people for the New Era. We must continuously strengthen and improve ideological and political education in schools in the New Era, educating and guiding young students to firm up their Marxist faith, their conviction in socialism with Chinese characteristics, and their confidence in the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, to set great aspirations of serving the country and strengthening the nation, and to become strivers who shoulder responsibilities with vigor." This important speech points out the strategic value, connotation, and key points of firming up the ideals and convictions of young students in the construction of a strong education country. On the new journey of the New Era, profoundly clarifying why ideals and convictions must be firmed up, what kind of ideals and convictions to firm up, and how to firm up ideals and convictions is conducive to leading the construction of a strong education country, thereby better advancing the construction of a strong modern country and the great cause of national rejuvenation.

2024年9月，习近平总书记在全国教育大会上指出，中国特色社会主义教育强国建设“要坚持不懈用新时代中国特色社会主义思想铸魂育人，实施新时代立德树人工程。不断加强和改进新时代学校思想政治教育，教育引导青少年学生坚定马克思主义信仰、中国特色社会主义信念、中华民族伟大复兴信心，立报国强国大志向、做挺膺担当奋斗者”。这一重要讲话指出了教育强国建设中坚定青少年学生理想信念的战略价值、内涵意蕴和着力要点。新时代新征程，深刻阐明为什么要坚定理想信念、坚定什么样的理想信念、如何坚定理想信念，有利于先导性地建设教育强国，进而更好地推进现代化强国建设和民族复兴伟业。

I. The Strategic Value of Firming up Ideals and Convictions in the Context of Building a Strong Education Country

一、教育强国建设背景下坚定理想信念的战略价值

A strong education country has the dual meaning of "a country with strong education" and "making the country strong through education." Whether it is "a country with strong education" or "making the country strong through education," firming up ideals and convictions is a key content and important measure. Ideals and convictions are the core of exerting the guiding force of ideology in building a strong education country, and are the source of strength and spiritual support for building a strong country and realizing the great cause of national rejuvenation. Firming up the ideals and convictions of young students in the context of building a strong education country has very important and far-reaching strategic value.

教育强国具有“教育强的国家”和“通过教育使国家强盛”的双重意义。无论是“教育强的国家”还是“通过教育使国家强盛”，坚定理想信念都是其关键内容和重要举措。理想信念是教育强国建设中发挥思政引领力的核心，是强国建设和实现民族复兴伟业的力量之源与精神支撑。教育强国建设背景下坚定青少年学生理想信念具有十分重要而深远的战略价值。

1. Consolidating the National Ideological Security Line and Enhancing Ideological Competitiveness

1.筑牢国家意识形态安全防线，提高意识形态竞争力

Building a strong education country requires a global perspective and long-term vision; one must look at education beyond education, from the overall situation, and with a long-term view. A strong socialist education country with Chinese characteristics should possess a strong ideological capability to prevent and resolve ideological security risks in an open world and to cope with complex international competition and struggle. The construction of a strong education country is carried out against the backdrop of the interweaving of the "two overall situations" [1]1 The "two overall situations" (两个大局) refers to the overall situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the overall situation of changes unseen in a century in the world., and the complex domestic and international situation brings new contradictions and challenges to the construction of a strong education country, profoundly affecting the systematic process of building a strong country. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen education in Marxist theory and the Party's ideals and convictions. Whether the ideals and convictions of young students are firm not only concerns their own life growth and value realization but also directly affects the solidity of the ideological edifice, the security of socialist ideology, and the future and destiny of the Party and the state. Scientific ideological theory and correct value orientation should be used to guide young students in correctly comparing the development of capitalism and socialism in the complex environment of the interweaving of the "two overall situations," deeply understanding the development prospects of the socialist cause, understanding the contradictions and problems restricting the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics, scientifically analyzing the essence of complex ideological confrontations and struggles, clearing ideological fog, seeing where the world is going and the direction of China's reform and development, firming up ideals and convictions, consolidating the ideological foundation, building a solid ideological defense line for building a strong country and national rejuvenation, and enhancing the competitiveness of socialist ideology.

建设教育强国需要有全局视野和长远眼光，要跳出教育看教育、立足全局看教育、着眼长远看教育。中国特色社会主义教育强国应具有在开放的世界中防范和化解意识形态安全风险、应对复杂的国际竞争和斗争的强大意识形态能力。教育强国建设是在“两个大局”交织的时代背景下进行的，纷繁复杂的国际国内形势给教育强国建设带来新矛盾、新挑战，深刻影响着强国建设的系统性进程。因此，必须加强马克思主义理论教育，加强党的理想信念教育。青少年学生理想信念是否坚定不仅关系到自身的人生成长和价值实现，也直接关系到意识形态大厦的牢固程度，关系到社会主义意识形态的安全，关乎党和国家的前途命运。要以科学的思想理论和正确的价值取向引导广大青少年学生在“两个大局”交织的复杂环境中正确进行资本主义和社会主义的发展对比，深刻认识社会主义事业的发展前景，认识制约中国特色社会主义发展的矛盾和问题，科学辨析复杂的意识形态交锋和斗争的本质，廓清思想迷雾，看清世界往何处去和中国改革发展的方向，坚定理想信念，巩固意识形态思想根基，筑牢强国建设和民族复兴的意识形态思想防线，增强社会主义意识形态的竞争力。

2. Cultivating Builders and Successors for the Cause of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

2.培养中国特色社会主义事业的建设者和接班人

On the new journey of the New Era, competition in education, science and technology, and talent has become more intense, and the Party and the state's demand for high-quality education and high-quality talent is more urgent than ever. The integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent is a requirement and trend of the times, as well as a strategic plan. The construction of a strong education country is no longer limited to the level of "strengthening the country through education" but has been endowed with more strategic connotations of "making the country strong through education." Cultivating and creating high-quality talent through the priority development, priority deployment, and forward-looking layout of education, and promoting self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology, is a major strategic deployment by the Party and the state for building a strong country and realizing the great cause of national rejuvenation. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "With so many people in China, once education is improved, talent will emerge like a gushing spring. This is the most competitive." To cultivate builders and successors for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, firm ideals and convictions are extremely important; this is the essential stipulation of talent. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "The attribute of builders and successors of socialism is 'socialist,' which is our essential stipulation of what kind of people to cultivate. The people we cultivate must establish the lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Without this, cultivating builders and successors of socialism would not hold." Firm ideals and convictions are the basic quality and spiritual state of builders and successors of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. In an era of material affluence, abundant spiritual growth space, superior social environment, and comprehensive social security, without correct guidance and long-term education, firm ideals and convictions are difficult to establish, especially for young students who have not experienced arduous struggle and have limited life experience; their life path may also go astray. Therefore, through education, enabling young students to deeply understand the dialectical relationship between the individual and society, the close relationship between personal ideals and social ideals, personal destiny and national destiny, personal happiness and people's happiness, forging lofty ideals, firming up ideals and convictions, and consciously cultivating spiritual character and noble personality that align with social development trends and mainstream value orientations, is necessary for the growth and success of young students in the New Era, and is the spiritual quality of the times they should forge. Only by cultivating and creating generation after generation of comprehensively developed socialist builders and successors with firm lofty ideals and convictions in morality, intelligence, physique, aesthetics, and labor can a strong education country be truly strong and sustainably strong, and the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics will have successors.

新时代新征程，教育、科技、人才的竞争更加激烈，党和国家对高质量教育、高素质人才的需求比以往任何时候都更加迫切。教育、科技、人才一体化发展是时代要求和发展趋向，也是战略谋划。教育强国建设已经不再局限于以“教育”强国的层面，而是赋予了更多的“通过教育使国家强盛”的战略性内涵。通过教育的优先发展、优先部署、超前布局来培养和造就高素质人才，推动科技自立自强，这是党和国家对强国建设和实现民族复兴伟业的重大战略部署。习近平总书记指出：“中国这么多人，教育上去了，将来人才就会像井喷一样涌现出来。这是最有竞争力的。”培养中国特色社会主义事业的建设者和接班人，坚定的理想信念极为重要，这是人才的本质规定。习近平总书记强调：“社会主义建设者和接班人，定语就是‘社会主义’，这是我们对培养什么人的本质规定。我们培养的人，必须树立共产主义远大理想和中国特色社会主义共同理想。没有这一条，培养社会主义建设者和接班人就不成立了。”坚定的理想信念是中国特色社会主义事业建设者和接班人的基本素质和精神状态。在物质生活富裕、精神成长空间富足、社会环境优越、社会保障全面的时代，如果没有正确引导和长期教育，坚定的理想信念难以树立，尤其是对于没有经历过艰难困苦的奋斗、人生阅历有限的青少年学生来说，人生之路也有可能走偏。因此，通过教育使青少年学生深刻理解个人与社会的辩证关系，理解个人理想与社会理想、个人命运与国家命运、个人幸福与人民幸福的密切关系，铸就崇高理想，坚定理想信念，自觉培养与社会发展趋势和主流价值取向相契合的精神品格和高尚人格，是新时代青少年学生成长成才之必需，是他们应当熔铸的时代精神品质。只有培养和造就一代又一代坚定崇高理想信念的德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人，教育强国才能真正强、持续强，中国特色社会主义事业才会后继有人。

3. Providing Spiritual Support for Building a Strong Country and Realizing the Great Cause of National Rejuvenation

3.提供强国建设和实现民族复兴伟业的精神支撑

The "Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party over the Past Century" points out: "Unite people with the Party's ideals and convictions." Uniting people with the Party's ideals and convictions and consolidating the ideological foundation for the common struggle of the entire Party and society is a basic capability that a strong education country must possess. In further comprehensively deepening reform, people's ideological concepts and value pursuits are becoming increasingly diversified, and starting points based on different interests have also formed different understandings and value orientations towards further comprehensively deepening reform. In particular, various hard nuts to crack and ideological contradictions in deep-water areas converge, reflecting in people's minds, forming different views on reform and social contradictions. At the same time, the significant enhancement of subjective consciousness has also led more and more people to tend to make value judgments and pursuits according to their own judgments. Some people, in the pursuit of profit, equivalent exchange, and interests, have lost correct cognitive and discriminatory abilities, with blurred concepts of right and wrong, weak legal awareness, shaken ideals and convictions, loss of Marxist faith, believing in ghosts and gods rather than Marxism-Leninism, and even becoming "mouthpieces" and "echoes" of Western values. This greatly affects the gathering of cohesion and centripetal force for building a strong country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the nation. Building a strong education country must incorporate firming up ideals and convictions as an extremely important task into the entire process of school education and teaching, closely focusing on building a strong country and realizing the great cause of national rejuvenation to carry out the work of forging souls and educating people. It is necessary not only to enable young students to firmly believe in and have faith in Marxism through in-depth Marxist theoretical education, continuously enrich their spiritual world, supplement their spiritual calcium [2]2 "Supplementing spiritual calcium" (补足精神之钙) is a metaphor used by Xi Jinping to describe the need to strengthen ideological conviction, likening a lack of faith to a calcium deficiency in the body., and build a solid spiritual support for building a strong country and realizing the great cause of national rejuvenation; but also to let the achievements of reform and opening up speak, the achievements of building a strong modern socialist country speak, and the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics speak. Through profound comparisons between history and reality, and international and domestic development, young students should understand why the historical process of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is irreversible, thereby firming up their faith, conviction, and confidence even more, uniting better as one, and gathering the spiritual strength for building a strong country and realizing the great cause of national rejuvenation.

《中共中央关于党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验的决议》指出：“用党的理想信念凝聚人。”用党的理想信念凝聚人，巩固全党全社会共同奋斗的思想基础是教育强国必须拥有的基础能力。在进一步全面深化改革中，人们的思想观念和价值追求越来越多元化，基于不同利益的出发点也形成了对进一步全面深化改革的不同认识和价值取向，尤其是各种难啃的硬骨头、各种深水区的思想矛盾集中汇聚，反映到人们脑海中，形成了对改革和社会矛盾的不同看法。与此同时，主体意识的显著增强也使越来越多的人倾向于按照自己作出的判断进行价值评判与追求。一些人在唯利是图、等价交换、利益追逐中失去了正确的认识能力和辨别能力，是非观念模糊，法治意识淡漠，理想信念动摇，马克思主义信仰缺失，不信马列信鬼神，甚至成为西方价值观的“传声筒”和“应声虫”。这对强国建设和实现民族伟大复兴的凝聚力、向心力的汇聚影响极大。建设教育强国必须把坚定理想信念作为极为重要的任务纳入学校教育教学的全过程，紧紧围绕强国建设和实现民族复兴伟业开展铸魂育人工作。既要通过深入的马克思主义理论教育使广大青少年学生坚定地信服和信仰马克思主义，不断丰富精神世界，补足精神之钙，为强国建设和实现民族复兴伟业筑牢精神支撑；又要用改革开放的成就说话，用社会主义现代化强国建设的成就说话，用中国特色社会主义制度的优势说话，在历史与现实、国际与国内发展的深刻对比中使青少年学生搞明白中华民族伟大复兴的历史进程为什么不可逆转，从而更加坚定信仰信念信心，更好地团结一心，汇聚强国建设和实现民族复兴伟业的精神力量。

II. The Connotation of Firming up Ideals and Convictions in the Context of Building a Strong Education Country

二、教育强国建设背景下坚定理想信念的内涵意蕴

In the context of building a strong educational nation, the strengthened ideals and beliefs are the ideals and beliefs of the Communist Party of China, representing the fundamental interests of the broadest majority of the people. Their connotation has undergone a developmental process of continuous elaboration from the "two beliefs," to the "three beliefs," and then to the "four beliefs." [3]3 The "two beliefs" (两信), "three beliefs" (三信), and "four beliefs" (四信) refer to successive formulations of the core components of the CPC's ideals and beliefs. The "two beliefs" are faith in Marxism and belief in socialism/communism. The "three beliefs" add belief in socialism with Chinese characteristics. The "four beliefs" add confidence in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, [4]4 The 18th National Congress of the CPC was held in 2012, marking the beginning of the Xi Jinping era. General Secretary Xi Jinping has placed great emphasis on strengthening ideals and beliefs, delivering profound discussions on this topic on various occasions, continuously enriching and deepening the connotation of strengthened ideals and beliefs, and further highlighting the strategic value of strengthening ideals and beliefs in building a strong nation.

教育强国建设背景下坚定的理想信念是中国共产党的理想信念，是代表最广大人民群众根本利益的理想信念，其内涵经历了一个从“两信”、“三信”到“四信”的不断阐释的发展过程。党的十八大以来，习近平总书记对坚定理想信念极为重视，在不同场合对坚定理想信念进行了深刻论述，不断丰富、深化了坚定理想信念的内涵，更加凸显了强国建设中坚定理想信念的战略性价值。

1. Evolution of Connotation: Continuous Development from the "Two Beliefs" and "Three Beliefs" to the "Four Beliefs"

1.内涵演变：从“两信”、“三信”到“四信”的不断发展

The Communist Party of China is a mission-oriented party with firm faith and pursuits, and it has always attached importance to education on ideals and beliefs. From the 18th National Congress of the CPC to the 19th National Congress, [5]5 The 19th National Congress of the CPC was held in 2017, where Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era was enshrined in the Party Constitution. the connotation of strengthening ideals and beliefs was mainly the "two beliefs" or the "three beliefs." The "two beliefs" refer to faith in Marxism and belief in socialism and communism, or the lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The "three beliefs" refer to faith in Marxism, the ideal or belief in communism, and the common ideal or belief in socialism with Chinese characteristics. This is centrally reflected in different discussions on the Party spirit tempering, spiritual pursuit, political soul, spiritual pillar, and strategic tasks of ideological construction for Chinese Communists. After the 19th National Congress of the CPC, the Party's expression of strengthening ideals and beliefs became more rigorous, and its connotation gradually developed from the "three beliefs" to the "four beliefs," clarifying that strengthening confidence in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is an important part of strengthening ideals and beliefs. When discussing ideals and beliefs as a spiritual pillar or political soul, the "three beliefs" framework is still used. However, when discussing the struggle for the Party's cause and the people's happiness by strengthening ideals and beliefs, the connotation of ideals and beliefs gradually changes. This is mainly reflected in: on the one hand, pointing out that "realizing communism is a historical process achieved step by step through phased goals," emphasizing the need to "unify the lofty ideal of communism with the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and unify it with what we are doing now," which logically implies that strengthening confidence in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is an important part of strengthening ideals and beliefs. In the education campaign on "remaining true to our original aspiration and keeping our mission firmly in mind" [6]6 "Remaining true to our original aspiration and keeping our mission firmly in mind" (不忘初心、牢记使命) is a political education campaign launched by the CPC in 2019, aimed at reinforcing Party members' commitment to the Party's founding mission. and in General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech at the ceremony marking the centenary of the Communist Party of China, "confidence in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation" was clearly established as an important component of strengthening the ideals and beliefs of the Communist Party of China in the New Era. Thus, strengthening ideals and beliefs developed from the "three beliefs" to the "four beliefs," forming a clear and complete strategic connotation framework.

中国共产党是有坚定信仰和追求的使命型政党，历来重视理想信念教育。从党的十八大到党的十九大，坚定理想信念的内涵主要是“两信”或“三信”。“两信”即对马克思主义的信仰，对社会主义和共产主义的信念，或者是共产主义远大理想和中国特色社会主义共同理想。“三信”即对马克思主义的信仰、对共产主义的理想或信念、对中国特色社会主义的共同理想或信念。这集中体现在对中国共产党人的党性锤炼、精神追求、政治灵魂、精神支柱、思想建设的战略任务等不同论述中。党的十九大后，中国共产党对坚定理想信念的表述更加严谨，其内涵逐渐从“三信”发展到“四信”，明确了坚定实现中华民族伟大复兴的信心是坚定理想信念的重要内容。在谈到理想信念作为精神支柱、政治灵魂的时候，仍然沿用“三信”框架，但在谈到坚定理想信念为党的事业和人民的幸福而奋斗的时候，理想信念的内涵逐渐发生变化。这主要体现在：一方面，指出“实现共产主义是由一个一个阶段性目标逐步达成的历史过程”，强调要“把共产主义远大理想同中国特色社会主义共同理想统一起来、同我们正在做的事情统一起来”，逻辑地蕴含了坚定实现中华民族伟大复兴的信心是坚定理想信念的重要内容。在“不忘初心、牢记使命”主题教育中和习近平总书记在庆祝中国共产党成立100周年大会的重要讲话中，“实现中华民族伟大复兴的信心”作为新时代中国共产党坚定理想信念的重要组成部分得到了明确。由此，坚定理想信念由“三信”发展到了“四信”，形成一个清晰完善的战略性内涵框架。

In reviewing the connotation of strengthening ideals and beliefs by the Communist Party of China, it is necessary to mention the "firm trust in the leadership of the Communist Party of China," which has always been implicit in the "three beliefs" and "four beliefs" frameworks of ideals and beliefs. The Communist Party of China is a party with lofty ideals and firm beliefs. The Party's original aspiration and founding mission is to seek happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation. The Communist Party of China has always been the backbone of strengthening ideals and beliefs. Strengthening ideals and beliefs inherently implies firm trust in the leadership of the Communist Party of China. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes: "All comrades of the Party must take faith in Marxism and belief in socialism with Chinese characteristics as their lifelong pursuit, forever trust the Party, love the Party, and serve the Party, tenaciously strive in their respective posts, and continuously push forward the practice of striving for lofty ideals." To strengthen ideals and beliefs, one must "deeply cultivate trust in the Party from the depths of one's heart."

梳理中国共产党关于坚定理想信念的内涵，不得不提到始终蕴含于“三信”和“四信”理想信念框架中的“坚定对中国共产党的信任”。中国共产党是拥有崇高理想和坚定信念的党，党的初心使命就是为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴，中国共产党始终是坚定理想信念的主心骨。坚定理想信念内在蕴含着坚定对中国共产党的信任。习近平总书记强调：“全党同志都要把对马克思主义的信仰、对中国特色社会主义的信念作为毕生追求，永远信党爱党为党，在各自岗位上顽强拼搏，不断把为崇高理想奋斗的实践推向前进。”坚定理想信念，要“从内心深处厚植对党的信赖”。

2. Core Connotation: Strengthening Faith, Belief, Trust, and Confidence

2.核心内涵：坚定信仰信念信任信心

Based on the evolution of the connotation of discussions on ideals and beliefs by the Communist Party of China since the New Era and the review of the connotation of strengthening ideals and beliefs, the core connotation of strengthening ideals and beliefs in the context of building a strong educational nation has become clear. This is: strengthening faith in Marxism and communism, strengthening belief in socialism with Chinese characteristics, strengthening trust in the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and strengthening confidence in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

根据对新时代以来中国共产党关于理想信念论述的内涵演变和坚定理想信念的内涵梳理，教育强国建设背景下坚定理想信念的核心内涵已然清晰，这就是坚定马克思主义和共产主义的信仰、坚定中国特色社会主义的信念、坚定对中国共产党的信任、坚定实现中华民族伟大复兴的信心。

Strengthening faith in Marxism and communism. Marxist theory is the fundamental skill of Communists and the theoretical faith that needs to be strengthened in the New Era. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes: "In a certain sense, the depth of one's grasp of Marxist theory determines the degree of political sensitivity, the breadth of one's thinking perspective, and the height of one's ideological realm." To strengthen ideals and beliefs, one must strengthen faith in Marxism. This is determined by the scientific, people-centered, practical, and open nature of Marxism; by the fundamental difference between Marxism and religious faith; and by what Marxism has won in various academic debates, in the real movement to change the existing state of affairs, and in the struggle to overcome various risks and challenges. Strengthening faith in Marxism inevitably entails cherishing the lofty ideal of communism. This is because communism, as the inevitable trend of the law of human social development revealed by the scientific truth of Marxism, is the most lofty and beautiful ideal social form for humanity. In such a society, the division of labor is eliminated, everyone has no fixed role or special sphere of activity, and each person can develop freely according to their own individuality. At the same time, the free development of each person creates conditions for the free development of all others. Such a beautiful society is infinitely desirable and possesses incomparable appeal as a faith. The realization of communism is embedded in the process of exploration and practice at many different stages of social development. It provides people with infinite spiritual motivation and spiritual support to strive forward in the form of an ideal, a faith, and a value goal. In contemporary China, taking on the responsibility for building a strong nation and realizing the great cause of national rejuvenation, and comprehensively developing and perfecting oneself in promoting high-quality development in all aspects of society, are the realistic ways and methods to strengthen faith in Marxism and communism and to strive for the lofty ideal of communism.

坚定马克思主义、共产主义的信仰。马克思主义理论是共产党人的看家本领，也是新时代需要坚定的理论信仰。习近平总书记强调：“从一定意义上说，掌握马克思主义理论的深度，决定着政治敏感的程度、思维视野的广度、思想境界的高度。”坚定理想信念，必须坚定马克思主义信仰，这是由马克思主义的科学性、人民性、实践性、开放性所决定的，是由马克思主义区别于宗教信仰的根本性质所决定的，是由马克思主义在各种学术论争中、在不断改变现存状况的现实运动中、在战胜各种风险挑战的斗争中所赢得的。坚定马克思主义信仰，就必然胸怀共产主义远大理想。这是因为共产主义作为马克思主义科学真理揭示出的人类社会发展规律的必然趋向，是人类最崇高、最美好的理想社会形态，在这样的社会里，社会分工消灭了，每个人都没有固定的角色，没有特殊的活动范围，都可以按照自己的个性自由发展，同时每个人的自由发展都为其他一切人的自由发展创造条件。这样的美好社会是令人无限向往的，具有无可比拟的信仰魅力。共产主义的实现嵌入在社会许多不同发展阶段的探索与实践过程中，它以一种理想、信仰和价值目标的方式给予人为之奋进的无限精神动力和精神支撑。在当代中国，为强国建设和实现民族复兴伟业挺膺担当，在推进社会各方面高质量发展中全面发展和完善自身，就是坚定马克思主义、共产主义信仰并为共产主义远大理想奋斗的现实方式方法。

Strengthening belief in socialism with Chinese characteristics. Socialism with Chinese characteristics is the inevitable path to realizing the communist ideal. Every exploration made in the course of socialist revolution, construction, and reform is an effort made towards advancing toward communism. Socialism with Chinese characteristics is fundamentally different from the development of capitalism. It adheres to the value concepts of social fairness, justice, and common prosperity, and highlights these as its essential characteristics. It insists on taking its own path, "adhering to placing national and ethnic development on the basis of our own strength, and firmly grasping the destiny of China's development and progress in our own hands," forging a path of Chinese-path modernization characterized by the coordinated development of material civilization and cultural-ethical progress. The tremendous achievements made over more than 40 years of reform and opening up have laid a solid material, social, and institutional foundation for strengthening belief in socialism with Chinese characteristics, proving to the world that the development model of socialism can be diversified. Socialism with Chinese characteristics is different from both the rigid Soviet model, which has become history, and capitalism, which is characterized by material prosperity but spiritual emptiness and lack of vitality. It is a vibrant and dynamic socialism worthy of firm belief and concerted effort.

坚定中国特色社会主义信念。中国特色社会主义是实现共产主义理想的必由之路。社会主义革命、建设、改革历程中所作出的每一个探索，都是为迈向共产主义所作出的努力。中国特色社会主义与资本主义的发展有着根本的区别。它坚持社会公平正义和共同富裕的价值理念，并把公平正义和共同富裕作为自己的本质特征予以彰显，它坚持走自己的道路，“坚持把国家和民族发展放在自己力量的基点上，坚持把中国发展进步的命运牢牢掌握在自己手中”，走出了一条中国式现代化的物质文明与精神文明协调发展之路。改革开放40多年取得的巨大成就为坚定中国特色社会主义信念奠定了坚实的物质基础、社会基础和制度基础，向世界证明了社会主义发展的模式可以多样化。中国特色社会主义既不同于已经成为历史的僵化的苏联模式,也不同于物质繁荣、精神空虚、缺乏生机活力的资本主义，是蓬勃发展、富有生命力的值得坚定并为之齐心协力的社会主义。

Strengthening trust in the Chinese Communist Party. The Chinese Communist Party is a steadfast believer in, faithful practitioner of, and leading exemplar of ideals and convictions. For over a century, the Chinese Communist Party has always remembered its original aspiration and founding mission, adhered to a people-centered approach, placed the people in the highest position in its heart, and committed itself to striving for the people’s better life. Through continuous courageous practice, exploration, and innovation, the Chinese Communist Party has delivered one answer sheet after another that has been recorded in history, winning the full trust of the broad masses of the people. Since entering the New Era, the Chinese Communist Party has focused on solving the problems of unbalanced and inadequate development and the urgent concerns of the people, continuously promoting the unity of material abundance and the all-round development of the people through Chinese-path modernization, and constantly advancing the realization of common prosperity in both material life and cultural-ethical progress for all the people. Through its own practical actions, the Chinese Communist Party has “profoundly changed the direction and course of the development of the Chinese nation in modern times, profoundly changed the future and destiny of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation, and profoundly changed the trends and patterns of world development,” [7]7 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Ceremony Marking the Centenary of the Communist Party of China” (July 1, 2021). and is worthy of the people deeply cultivating their trust in the Chinese Communist Party from the bottom of their hearts. School education should guide young students to unswervingly listen to the Party and follow the Party, and to become new-era individuals who are determined to strive and whom the Party can rest assured about.

坚定对中国共产党的信任。中国共产党是理想信念的坚定信仰者、忠实践行者和引领示范者。百余年来，中国共产党始终牢记初心使命，坚持以人民为中心，把人民放在心中最高位置，致力于为人民的美好生活而奋斗。在不断的勇于实践、探索创新中，中国共产党交出了一份又一份载入史册的答卷，赢得了广大人民群众的充分信任。进入新时代以来，中国共产党着力解决发展不平衡不充分的问题和人民群众急难愁盼的问题，以中国式现代化不断推动物的丰富和人的全面发展相统一，不断促进全体人民物质生活和精神生活共同富裕的实现。中国共产党以自己的实际行动“深刻改变了近代以后中华民族发展的方向和进程，深刻改变了中国人民和中华民族的前途和命运，深刻改变了世界发展的趋势和格局”，值得人民群众从内心深处厚植对中国共产党的信赖。学校教育要引导青少年学生坚定不移听党话、跟党走，做矢志奋斗、让党放心的时代新人。

Strengthening confidence in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Through more than a century of arduous struggle, the Chinese Communist Party has led the Chinese people to achieve remarkable accomplishments, enabling the Chinese nation to realize a great leap from standing up and growing rich to becoming strong, laying a comprehensive and solid development foundation for national rejuvenation, providing a complete institutional guarantee, and forming a powerful spiritual driving force, making the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation an irreversible historical process. The new great journey condenses the spirit of the new era. On the new journey to realize national rejuvenation, the Chinese people are more united, more confident, and more courageous, and their spiritual strength is growing ever stronger. Each generation has its own historical mission and responsibility. The baton of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will inevitably be passed to young students in the New Era. In building an educational power, it is necessary to guide young students to strengthen their confidence in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, to strive hard, forge ahead, take on responsibilities, and make dedicated contributions, and to strive to achieve the best results on the track of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

坚定实现中华民族伟大复兴的信心。中国共产党带领中国人民经过百余年的艰苦奋斗，取得了举世瞩目的成就，使中华民族实现了从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃，为实现民族复兴奠定了全面坚实的发展基础、提供了完善的制度保证、形成了强大的精神动力，使中华民族伟大复兴进入了不可逆转的历史进程。新的伟大征程凝聚新的时代精神，在实现民族复兴的新征程上，中国人民更加团结、更加自信、更加有勇气，精神力量愈加强大。一代人有一代人的历史使命和责任担当，实现中华民族伟大复兴的接力棒必将落到新时代青少年学生身上。在教育强国建设中要引导青少年学生坚定实现中华民族伟大复兴的信心，拼搏进取、担当奉献，努力在实现中华民族伟大复兴的赛道上跑出最好成绩。

3. Essential Connotation: A Composite Spiritual System with Trust as Its Core. Marxist and communist faith, the belief in socialism with Chinese characteristics, trust in the Chinese Communist Party, and confidence in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation—these “four trusts” each have their own connotation and form their own system, yet they are also interconnected, constituting the whole of firm ideals and convictions, making ideals and convictions a composite spiritual system. The Chinese Communist Party is the core of firm ideals and convictions. Firm ideals and convictions do not refer to ideals and convictions in a general sense, but to the highest-level ideal and the highest-level conviction, namely the communist ideal and Marxist faith, that is, the ideals and convictions of the Chinese Communist Party. The Chinese Communist Party is a steadfast believer in and promoter of Marxism and communism. Without the Party’s firm Marxist faith and communist ideal, lofty ideals and beliefs would be empty and void. Without the Party as the leading core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, there would be no cohesion and centripetal force, no socialism with Chinese characteristics and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and firm belief and confidence would be impossible to discuss. Faith, belief, and confidence form an organic whole. Marxist and communist ideal faith is the direction and banner, the belief in socialism with Chinese characteristics is the spiritual support, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the support for confidence. The three are organically integrated into one, becoming a powerful spiritual pillar for Chinese Communists, guiding the direction of goals and providing spiritual impetus for turning ideals into reality. It is precisely because of the holistic and composite nature of the Chinese Communist Party’s ideals and convictions that they have a transcendent effect on the country, society, and human development, capable of integrating and governing diverse value beliefs, proactively answering practical confusions and problems in real life, and responding to various doubts and challenges to ideals and convictions education arising from social development. However, whether ideals and convictions are firm is not only constrained and influenced by social material conditions but also closely related to the actual situation of social development and individual life experiences. Therefore, firm ideals and convictions require both a lofty political stance and spiritual pursuit, and close connection with social life and daily life, carried out in conjunction with the characteristics of each stage of life development, so that ideals and convictions can truly be firm and effective.

3.内涵实质：以信任为核心的复合性精神体系马克思主义和共产主义信仰、中国特色社会主义信念、对中国共产党的信任、实现中华民族伟大复兴的信心，这“四信”既各有自己的内涵，各自成为体系，同时又相互联系，构成坚定理想信念的整体，使理想信念成为一个复合性的精神体系。中国共产党是坚定理想信念的核心。坚定理想信念不是坚定一般意义上的理想信念，而是最高层次的理想和最高层次的信念，即共产主义理想和马克思主义信仰，也就是中国共产党的理想信念。中国共产党是马克思主义、共产主义的坚定信仰者和推动者，没有党坚定马克思主义信仰和共产主义理想，崇高的理想信仰便是虚空。没有党作为中国特色社会主义事业的领导核心，就没有凝聚力和向心力，就没有中国特色社会主义和中华民族的伟大复兴，坚定信念和信心便无从谈起。信仰信念信心是一个有机整体。马克思主义和共产主义理想信仰是方向和旗帜，中国特色社会主义信念是精神支撑，中华民族伟大复兴是信心支持，三者有机融为一体，成为中国共产党人的强大精神支柱，为理想变为现实指引目标方向、提供精神动力。正是中国共产党理想信念的整体性和复合性特点，它对国家、社会和人的发展才具有超越性的作用，能够整合、统摄多样化的价值信念，前瞻性地解答现实生活中的实践困惑与问题，回应来自社会发展中对理想信念教育的种种质疑和挑战。但理想信念是否坚定，既受社会物质条件的制约和影响，同时也与社会发展实际和个体的人生际遇密切关联。因此，坚定理想信念既要有高远的政治站位和精神追求，又要紧密联系社会生活和日常生活，结合人生发展各个阶段的特点而展开，才能使理想信念真正坚定有效。

III. Key Points for Strengthening Ideals and Convictions in the Context of Building an Educational Power

三、教育强国建设背景下坚定理想信念的着力要点

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that building an educational power must “take serving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as an important mission, take the modernization of educational concepts, systems, institutions, content, methods, and governance as the basic path, and take supporting and leading Chinese-path modernization as the core function.” [8]8 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Fifth Collective Study Session of the Politburo of the 20th CPC Central Committee” (May 29, 2023). This clarifies the fundamental guidelines and key points for strengthening the ideals and convictions of young students in building an educational power.

习近平总书记指出，教育强国要“以服务中华民族伟大复兴为重要使命，以教育理念、体系、制度、内容、方法、治理现代化为基本路径，以支撑引领中国式现代化为核心功能”。这明确了教育强国建设中坚定青少年学生理想信念的根本遵循和着力要点。

1. Identify the Realistic Basis for Strengthening Ideals and Convictions: Comprehensively Advancing the Building of a Strong Country and the Great Cause of National Rejuvenation through Chinese-Path Modernization

1.找准坚定理想信念的现实基点：以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设和民族复兴伟业

Building a strong country and national rejuvenation are the distinct themes for strengthening ideals and convictions in the New Era. Ideals and convictions are not vague, illusory mirages, nor are they things that cannot be seen or touched; they are goals that can be genuinely striven for. The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC pointed out that comprehensively advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization is the central task of the entire Party and the whole country for the present and the future. Building a great modern socialist country in all respects and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation are the second centenary goal for which the Chinese Communist Party leads the people in practical struggle. We are not only full of hope for the realization of this goal but also full of confidence in victory. To advance the building of an educational power and strengthen ideals and convictions, we must adhere to forging souls and educating people, focus on the fundamental task of fostering virtue and nurturing people, aim at cultivating high-quality talents for building a strong country and national rejuvenation, and focus on cultivating young students’ sense of social responsibility, “transforming learning outcomes into unshakable ideals and convictions… illuminating the path of struggle with the light of ideals, and creating a bright future with the power of faith.” [9]9 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Celebration of the 95th Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China” (July 1, 2016). Chinese-path modernization is the realistic path for strengthening ideals and convictions. The unique history, culture, national conditions, and system determine that “this path of Chinese-path modernization is workable and stable, and is the only correct path for building a strong country and national rejuvenation.” [10]10 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the Seminar on Studying and Implementing the Spirit of the 20th National Congress of the CPC” (February 7, 2023). Comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and national rejuvenation through Chinese-path modernization opens up broad space for strengthening ideals and convictions and also puts forward new and higher requirements for them. We need to base ourselves on the current reality, educate and guide young students to face the extensive and profound social changes we are undergoing, deeply study the major and bottleneck issues in the practice of comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-path modernization, unite people’s hearts and gather strength with ideals and convictions, continuously enhance the confidence and foundation for building a modernized strong country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and continuously advance the lofty communist ideal forward.

强国建设和民族复兴是新时代坚定理想信念的鲜明主题。理想信念不是空泛的和虚无缥缈的海市蜃楼，不是看不见、摸不着的东西，它是可以实实在在为之努力的目标。党的二十大报告指出，以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴是当前和今后全党全国的中心任务。全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现中华民族伟大复兴是中国共产党带领人民切实奋斗的第二个百年奋斗目标，我们不仅对这个目标的实现满怀憧憬，而且充满必胜的信心。推进教育强国建设，坚定理想信念，必须坚持铸魂育人，聚焦立德树人根本任务,着眼于为强国建设和民族复兴培养高素质人才的目标，着力培养青少年学生的社会责任感，“把学习成果转化为不可撼动的理想信念……用理想之光照亮奋斗之路，用信仰之力开创美好未来”。中国式现代化是坚定理想信念的现实路径。独特的历史、文化、国情、制度决定了“中国式现代化这条路走得通、行得稳，是强国建设、民族复兴的唯一正确道路”。以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设和民族复兴为坚定理想信念打开了广阔空间，也对其提出了新的更高要求，需要我们立足当下现实，教育引导青少年学生直面我们正在经历的广泛而深刻的社会变革，深入研究以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业实践中的重大问题、瓶颈问题，以理想信念凝心聚力，不断增强建成现代化强国和实现中华民族伟大复兴的信心和底气，不断把远大的共产主义理想向前推进。

2. Grasp the Primary Task of Strengthening Ideals and Convictions: Cultivating Deep Patriotism

2.把握坚定理想信念的首要任务：厚植爱国主义情怀

The fundamental task of education is to foster virtue and nurture people [11]11 立德树人 (lì dé shù rén) — "fostering virtue and nurturing people": a core principle of Chinese education policy, meaning to cultivate moral character and train talented individuals for society.. The primary task of strengthening ideals and convictions is to cultivate patriotic feelings, which is "a major issue of principle that must be grasped in building a strong educational country." First, "patriotism is an important part of the ideals and convictions of the Chinese people." The essence of patriotism in the New Era [12]12 新时代 (xīn shídài) — "New Era": a political periodization referring to the era of socialism with Chinese characteristics beginning with the 19th National Congress of the CPC in 2017, is the unity of love for the country, love for the Party, and love for socialism. Marxist faith, communist ideals, conviction in socialism with Chinese characteristics, trust in the Communist Party of China, and confidence in the construction of a strong country and national rejuvenation — these core elements of ideals and convictions inherently contain the element of patriotism. Without a deep patriotic spirit and sentiment, it is difficult to strengthen conviction in socialism with Chinese characteristics, trust in the Communist Party of China, and confidence in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and it is impossible to speak of having firm ideals, convictions, and actions. Second, the deepest patriotic emotion is a kind of belief and faith. Patriotic emotions have different levels; the deepest patriotic emotion is a kind of belief and faith, manifested as a deep love for the motherland regardless of whether it is poor or rich, and transforming patriotic feelings and beliefs into concrete actions. Third, patriotism is the first essential of strengthening ideals and convictions. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Patriotism is the deepest and most enduring emotion in the world, and is the source of a person's virtue and the foundation of their achievements." It is hard to imagine that a person who does not love their country can harbor lofty ideals of serving the Party and the country, worrying about the country and the people, or have the practical actions of striving and dedicating themselves to the country's prosperity and development. Cultivating patriotic feelings is the primary task of strengthening ideals and convictions in the New Era. "To cultivate builders and successors of socialism, we must first cultivate students' patriotic feelings. Young people must be made the top priority of patriotic education." Promoting the construction of a strong country and national rejuvenation through Chinese-path modernization [13] is a heavy responsibility that contemporary young people must and will bear. Young students must "demonstrate their patriotic feelings with a lifetime of sincere devotion and a lifetime of tenacious struggle" — this is the best interpretation of strengthening ideals and convictions.

教育的根本任务是立德树人。坚定理想信念的首要任务是厚植爱国主义情怀，这是“建设教育强国必须把握的大是大非问题”。首先，“爱国主义是中国人理想信念的重要内容”。新时代爱国主义的本质是坚持爱国、爱党、爱社会主义的高度统一。马克思主义信仰、共产主义理想、中国特色社会主义信念、对中国共产党的信任、强国建设和民族复兴的信心，这些理想信念的核心内容内在地包含了爱国主义的元素。没有深厚的爱国主义精神和情怀，就很难坚定对中国特色社会主义的信念，对中国共产党的信任和实现中华民族伟大复兴的信心，就谈不上有坚定的理想信念和行动。其次，最深厚的爱国情感是一种信念信仰。爱国主义情感是有层次之分的，最深厚的爱国主义情感就是一种信念信仰，表现出来就是无论祖国贫穷与富裕，都对祖国抱有深沉的爱，并把爱国情怀和信念信仰转化为切切实实的行动。再次，爱国是坚定理想信念的第一要义。习近平总书记指出：“爱国，是人世间最深层、最持久的情感，是一个人立德之源、立功之本。”一个不爱国的人，很难想象他能够胸怀为党为国、忧国忧民的崇高理想，很难想象他能有为祖国的繁荣发展而奋斗奉献的实际行动。厚植爱国主义情怀是新时代坚定理想信念的首要任务。“培养社会主义建设者和接班人，首先要培养学生的爱国情怀。要把青少年作为爱国主义教育的重中之重。”以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设和民族复兴是当代青少年必须和必将承担的重任，青少年学生要“以一生的真情投入、一辈子的顽强奋斗来体现爱国主义情怀”，这是对坚定理想信念的最好诠释。

3. Formulating Effective Strategies for Strengthening Ideals and Convictions: Stratified, Differentiated, and Coherent Implementation

3.制定坚定理想信念的有效策略：分层分众贯通施策

In building a strong educational country, strengthening ideals and convictions requires establishing holistic and systematic thinking, enhancing problem awareness and problem orientation. It is necessary not only to carry out systematic ideals and convictions education on a regular basis, but also to directly face various ideological confusions and belief issues, and solve the differential problems existing in ideals and convictions. Stratified, differentiated, and coherent and precise education should be implemented according to the different age characteristics and development needs of young students. First, stratified education for strengthening ideals and convictions should be carried out. Reasonable stratified education should be conducted based on the specific realities and future development directions of young students, guiding them to rationally think about ideals and convictions, and to carry out conscious life planning centered on enhancing the sense of responsibility to serve the country, society, and the people. Reasonable stratified education should be conducted targeting the different levels, depths, and difficulties of young students' ideals and convictions. Second, differentiated education for strengthening ideals and convictions should be carried out. Ideals and convictions education in the New Era must meet the more diversified and personalized growth expectations of young students, respond to their ideological demands, and accurately provide personalized and differentiated education. Only by carrying out personalized and differentiated ideals and convictions education can the precision of talent cultivation be improved. Especially with the rapid development of information technology, people's ways of learning, living, and working have undergone profound changes, and the structure of netizens has become increasingly complex and diverse. Ideals and convictions education must seriously address prominent issues in online ideological and moral fields, "form a mechanism for differentiated and precise implementation of online ideological and moral education," and build a more precise and scientific mechanism for ideals and convictions education covering young student groups at all educational stages, enhancing the breadth, depth, and precision of ideals and convictions education. Third, overall coherent implementation of strengthening ideals and convictions should be carried out. One is to focus on the integration of ideals and convictions goals. Holistic thinking should be used to connect ideals and convictions goals with social development, the development of the times, and the development of young students themselves, proposing integrated goals with value consensus, and stimulating the spiritual motivation of young students through top-level design, overall planning, integrated promotion, and phased implementation. The second is to focus on the systematic coordination of subjects in ideals and convictions education. Families, schools, society, and young students themselves are all responsible subjects for strengthening ideals and convictions. A community for ideals and convictions education should be constructed, achieving overall promotion and systematic coordination of ideals and convictions education through correct and consistent value orientation, full utilization of educational resources, mutual cooperation in educational measures, and mutual promotion in the implementation process. This jointly promotes the daily, regular, and normalized implementation of ideals and convictions education, ensuring it is carried out in detail and implemented in practice, achieving mutually reinforcing results in the effectiveness of ideals and convictions education.

教育强国建设中坚定理想信念要树立整体性思维、系统性思维，增强问题意识和问题导向，不仅要常态化地开展系统的理想信念教育，而且要直面各种思想困惑和信仰问题，解决理想信念方面存在的差异性问题。要根据青少年学生不同的年龄特点和发展需要，实施分层分众、贯通精准的教育。首先，要开展坚定理想信念的分层教育。要针对青少年学生的具体实际和未来发展方向进行合理的分层教育，引导其对理想信念进行理性思考，以增强服务国家、服务社会、服务人民的责任感为核心进行自觉的人生规划。要针对青少年学生理想信念的不同层次、不同深度和难度进行合理的分层教育。其次，要开展坚定理想信念的分众教育。新时代的理想信念教育必须满足更加多元化、个性化的青少年学生的成长期待，回应青少年学生的思想诉求，精准提供个性化和差异化的教育。只有开展个性化、差异化的理想信念教育，才能提高人才培养的精度。尤其是随着信息技术的快速发展，人们的学习生活和工作方式都发生了深刻变化，网民结构日益复杂多样，理想信念教育必须认真面对网上思想道德领域的突出问题，“形成网上思想道德教育分众化、精准化实施机制”，构建更加精准、更加科学的覆盖各学段青少年学生群体的理想信念教育机制，增强理想信念教育的广度、深度和精准度。再次，要进行坚定理想信念的整体贯通施策。一是要注重理想信念目标的统合性。要用整体性思维将理想信念目标与社会发展、时代发展、青少年学生自身发展相联系，提出具有价值共识的统合性目标，以顶层设计、总体规划、一体化推进、分阶段实施的方式激发青少年学生的精神动力。二是要注重理想信念教育主体的系统协同。家庭、学校、社会、青少年学生都是坚定理想信念的责任主体，要构建理想信念教育共同体，通过价值取向上的正确一致、教育资源上的充分利用、教育举措上的相互配合、实施过程中的相互促进，实现理想信念教育的整体推进、系统协同，共同推进理想信念教育的日常经常平常和落细落小落实，实现理想信念教育成效上的相得益彰。

4. Strengthening the Institutional and Mechanistic Guarantee for Ideals and Convictions: Normalization and Institutionalization of Ideals and Convictions Education

4.加强坚定理想信念的制度机制保障：理想信念教育常态化制度化建设

The "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively to Advance Chinese Path to Modernization" [14] points out that we must adhere to taking institutional improvement as the main line to further deepen reform comprehensively. Strengthening ideals and convictions requires improving the establishment of rules and regulations, and implementing all work of ideals and convictions education. First, improve the theoretical education system and mechanism. In terms of learning content, young students should be guided to carefully study original works, deeply understand principles, thoroughly study and comprehend the latest theoretical achievement of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times — Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era — and deeply understand and appreciate the reasoning, principles, and philosophies contained therein. In terms of learning pathways, the key course of ideological and political theory courses for implementing the fundamental task of fostering virtue and nurturing people should be well utilized, and the "grand ideological and political courses" should be skillfully used to promote the curriculum-based implementation of ideals and convictions education. In terms of learning methods, centralized thematic ideals and convictions education, the selection and promotion of typical role models around, and follow-up assessments of individual self-study are all effective methods. Second, establish a system for learning, thinking, practicing, and comprehending ideals and convictions. A system for testing the effectiveness of theoretical learning and thinking should be established, regularly carrying out evaluation activities, propaganda activities, etc.; an organized system for investigation and research in ideals and convictions education should be established, allowing ideals and convictions to move from book theory and educational propaganda into real life through vivid and diverse research practices, truly playing the role of casting souls and nurturing people; a normalized and institutionalized evaluation system for ideals and convictions education should be established, conducting institutional evaluation, effectiveness assessment, and social value testing of ideals and convictions education. Third, construct an online education system and mechanism for strengthening ideals and convictions. One is to fully utilize online platforms to broaden the field operation mechanism for strengthening ideals and convictions. The changes in the learning, living, and working methods of contemporary young students and the characteristics of network development should be adapted to, innovating the content and methods of ideals and convictions education in cyberspace, and fully leveraging the unique role of ideals and convictions education in cyberspace. The second is to establish a risk prevention mechanism for online ideological security. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "The more our cause advances and develops, the more new situations and problems will arise, the more risks and challenges we will face, and the more unpredictable things we will encounter." Cyberspace is the frontline of ideological struggle and the main field for ideological development in the New Era. Ideologies of different class attributes have gained new space and opportunities through the internet, and diverse ideas clash and struggle on the internet. Strengthening ideals and convictions in the New Era must firmly grasp the ideological position in cyberspace. The online ideological management system should be improved, raising the level of informatization and institutionalization of ideological management work, and opening up new space for strengthening ideals and convictions in the New Era while responding to challenges to online ideological security.

《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》指出，要坚持以制度建设为主线进一步全面深化改革。坚定理想信念要加强建章立制，将理想信念教育的各项工作落到实处。首先，完善理论教育制度机制。在学习内容上，要引导青少年学生认真研读原著、细悟原理，学懂弄通马克思主义中国化时代化的最新理论成果——习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，深刻理解和体悟蕴含其中的道理学理哲理。在学习途径上，要用好思政课这一落实立德树人根本任务的关键课程，善用“大思政课”，推动理想信念教育的课程化实施。在学习方式上，集中性的主题性理想信念教育、身边的典型榜样选树宣传、个人自学的跟进考核等都是有效方式。其次，建立坚定理想信念的学思践悟制度。要建立理论学思效果的检验制度，定期开展评比活动、宣讲活动等；建立有组织的理想信念教育调查研究制度，通过生动多样的调研实践，让理想信念从书本理论、教育宣传进入到实际生活中，真正发挥铸魂育人的作用；建立常态化制度化的理想信念教育评估制度，对理想信念教育进行制度评价、效果评估和社会价值检验。再次，构建坚定理想信念的网络教育制度机制。一是充分利用网络平台拓宽坚定理想信念的场域运行机制。要顺应当代青少年学生的学习生活方式变迁和网络发展特征，创新网络空间理想信念教育的内容与方式，充分发挥网络空间理想信念教育的独特作用。二是要建立网络意识形态安全风险防范机制。习近平总书记强调：“我们的事业越前进、越发展，新情况新问题就会越多，面临的风险和挑战就会越多，面对的不可预料的事情就会越多。”网络空间是意识形态斗争的前沿阵地和新时代意识形态发展的主要场域，不同阶级属性的意识形态借助互联网获得了全新的空间和机遇，多元的思想观念在互联网上交锋和斗争。新时代坚定理想信念必须抓好网络空间意识形态阵地。要健全网络意识形态管理制度，提高意识形态管理工作的信息化、制度化水平，在应对网络意识形态安全挑战中开辟新时代坚定理想信念的新空间。

(The author is a professor and doctoral supervisor at the School of Marxism, Tongji University)

（作者系同济大学马克思主义学院教授、博士生导师）

Online Editor: Ma Jingren

网络编辑：马京仁