The Systemic Logic and Practical Path of Digital-Intelligence-Enabled Modernization of Party Governance from the Perspective of Complex Adaptive Systems Theory

I. Problem Statement and Research Perspective

一、问题提出与研究视阈

The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC [1]1 The 20th National Congress of the CPC was held in October 2022; it set the strategic direction for Chinese-path modernization and the Party's work in the New Era. points out: "Chinese-path modernization is socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China." The Communist Party of China is the leading force and fundamental guarantee of Chinese-path modernization, and the state of its own governance capacity directly affects the practical process and degree of realization of Chinese-path modernization. "Advancing Chinese-path modernization and comprehensively building a modern socialist country require that the governance of the Communist Party of China itself, which leads modernization, should also achieve modernization." [2]2 Quotation from a Chinese scholarly source on Party governance modernization. New technology is the main driving force of organizational change and social progress; modernization theory holds that technological innovation is the key pathway to achieving modernization. In fact, there is an extremely close relationship between technology and the governance capacity of political parties. From the perspective of technological history, every technological change brings about changes in the organizational form and behavioral mode of political parties, thereby affecting the governance activities of party organizations. As human society enters the digital era, rapidly iterating and developing digital-intelligence technologies are redefining various fields of human social development and governance, and the governance model of political parties is also facing new major tests. The Communist Party of China is keenly aware that party governance needs to keep pace with the pulse of the times in technological development, recognizing the need to "be adept at using internet technology and information means to carry out Party building work, and strive to achieve full online and offline coverage of Party organizations and Party work." [3]3 Quotation from a Chinese Party document or directive on digital Party building. So, what opportunity space does digital-intelligence technology bring to party governance, and to what extent does it expand the set of capabilities? How does the Communist Party of China use digital-intelligence technology to empower and innovate governance models, align its own Party building with the general trend of technological development and keep pace with the times, so that the Party can better respond to the concerns of social development and serve the needs of national governance? These issues are undoubtedly important topics that must be directly addressed in the study of party politics in the digital age and Party building in the New Era.

党的二十大报告指出：“中国式现代化，是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化。”中国共产党是中国式现代化的领导力量和根本保证，其自身的治理能力状况直接影响着中国式现代化的实践进程与实现程度。“推进中国式现代化，全面建设社会主义现代化国家，要求领导现代化建设的中国共产党的自身治理也应当实现现代化。”新技术是组织变革和社会进步的主要动力源，现代化理论认为，技术创新是实现现代化的关键途径。事实上，技术与政党治理能力之间有着极为紧密的关系。从技术史看，每一次技术变迁都会带来政党组织样态和行为方式的改变，进而影响政党组织的治理活动。随着人类社会迈入数字化时代，快速迭代发展的数智技术正重新规定着人类社会发展和治理的各个领域，政党治理模式也面临着新的重大考验。中国共产党敏锐地意识到政党治理需要紧扣技术发展的时代脉搏，认识到要“善于运用互联网技术和信息化手段开展党建工作，努力实现党的组织和党的工作线下线上全覆盖”。那么，数智技术对政党治理会带来什么样的机会空间并在何种程度上扩增能力集合？中国共产党如何利用数智技术赋能和创新治理模式，使党的自身建设与技术发展大势同步、与时代步伐同行，让党可以更好地回应社会发展之关切、服务国家治理之所需？这些问题无疑是数字时代政党政治和新时代党的建设研究必须直面的重要课题。

Digital-intelligence-enabled party governance is an emerging research topic. While scholars generally note the party change and development driven by the development and widespread application of digital-intelligence technology, many scholars (especially in foreign academia) focus their attention on the impact of digital-intelligence technology on party competition and election campaigns, while research on the organizational governance level is seriously insufficient. Existing research mainly unfolds around two interrelated levels. The first unfolds from the domain of technological progress and social impact, including early emphasis on the role of information and communication technology in improving Party building work, and in recent years the application of technologies such as cloud computing, big data, and artificial intelligence to party governance. The second unfolds from the perspective of organizational development and technological needs, focusing on the internal demand of party governance for the application of emerging technologies, arguing that no political party is immutable, but rather continuously adjusts or improves its own mode of operation by absorbing new economic, social, and technological elements, especially emphasizing the introduction of science and technology as the driving force and "the revolutionary force in the highest sense." [4]4 Marx's phrase describing science and technology as a revolutionary force. In short, whether from the domain of technological progress or the perspective of organizational development, although they explore the positive impact of digital-intelligence technology on party governance from different dimensions, they fail to present the overall picture of this phenomenon and trend, and do not reflect the complexity and systematicity of digital-intelligence-enabled party governance. It should be said that digital-intelligence technology brings a systemic social impact, and the party organization of a modern state is a complex social system that continuously adapts to a changing environment. That is to say, the impact of digital-intelligence technology on party governance is extremely complex; it is not only a one-sided effect of technology, but also depends on multiple factors such as the endogenous needs of the party itself and the development of its interaction with technology. The results of digital-intelligence-enabled party governance are not always consistent with good expectations, and often contain many uncertainties. Therefore, to grasp the modernization of digital-intelligence-enabled party governance more comprehensively, it is necessary to introduce more comprehensive theoretical tools.

数智赋能政党治理是一个新兴的研究议题，学者们虽然普遍注意到数智技术发展及其广泛应用所驱动的政党变革与发展，但不少学者（特别是国外学界）将注意力集中在数智技术对政党竞争和竞选活动的影响上，而对组织治理层面的研究却严重不足。既有研究主要围绕两个相互关联的层面展开。一是从技术进步及社会影响的论域展开，包括早期强调信息通信技术在改进党建工作上的作用，近年来云计算、大数据、人工智能等技术开始应用于政党治理等。二是从组织发展及技术需求的视角，关注政党治理对新兴技术应用的内在需求，主张任何政党都不是一成不变的，而是会在吸纳新的经济、社会和技术元素中不断调适或改进自身的运行方式，特别是注重引入科学技术这一源动力与“最高意义上的革命力量”。总之，无论是技术进步的论域，还是组织发展的视角，尽管从不同维度探讨了数智技术对政党治理的积极影响，但并未能呈现这一现象趋势的整体图景，没有映照出数智赋能政党治理的复杂性和系统性。应该说，数智技术所带来的是系统性社会冲击，而现代国家的政党组织是不断适应变动环境的复杂社会系统。也就是说，数智技术对政党治理的影响是极其复杂的，不仅是技术单方面的作用，还取决于政党本身的内生需求及其与技术互动的发展等多重因素。数智赋能政党治理的结果甚至也并不总是与美好预期相一致，往往存在着诸多不确定性。因此，要更立体地把握数智赋能政党治理现代化，就必须引入更为全面性的理论工具。

Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) theory originates from biological science and aims to reveal the multi-dimensional adaptive evolutionary mechanisms of living organisms in nature. This theory has strong applicability, a complete methodological system, and diverse tools, showing powerful explanatory power in understanding the evolution of large-scale complex systems. Currently, this theory has been widely applied in different disciplines such as natural sciences and humanities and social sciences. Complex adaptive systems theory holds that a system is a complex whole composed of a series of interacting, interrelated, and even interdependent components, and adapts and develops in a nonlinear manner in interaction with an open environment. Complex adaptive systems theory is built upon and transcends general system principles, placing greater emphasis on the system's agency, interaction, vitality, and growth status. As a cognitive perspective and analytical framework, it focuses on capturing three basic attributes of complex adaptive systems: the system's active adaptability, the openness of system interaction, and the emergence of system evolution. Based on this, considering a more comprehensive, multi-dimensional, and dynamic cognition, the author believes that studying the modernization of digital-intelligence-enabled party governance is very suitable for adopting the theoretical tool of complex adaptive systems. The political party of a modern state is itself a complex adaptive system that continuously adjusts with the evolution of the technological environment, and unfolds an adaptive narrative in the form of technological empowerment. Digital-intelligence-enabled party governance can be understood as the adaptation process of a complex socio-technical system, an uncertain system behavior resulting from the nonlinear adaptation of the party governance system. Starting from this theoretical perspective, this study analyzes the complex system logic mechanism of digital-intelligence technology in the process of empowering party governance, examines the practical constraints of empowerment and their systemic adaptive causes, and thereby explores a realistic and feasible practical path for realizing the modernization of digital-intelligence-enabled party governance.

复杂适应系统（Complex Adaptive Systems，CAS）理论源自生物科学，旨在揭示自然界中生命体的多维适应进化机理。该理论研究适用性强、方法体系完善、工具多样，在认识大型复杂系统演化中显示出强大的解释力，目前，该理论已广泛应用于自然科学和人文社会科学等不同学科。复杂适应系统理论认为，系统是由一系列相互作用、相互关联甚至相互依赖的组件构成的复杂整体，并在开放的环境交互中以非线性方式适应和发展。复杂适应系统理论建基并超越了一般系统原理，更加注重系统的能动、交互、活力和成长状况，作为一种认知视角和分析框架，其注重捕捉复杂适应系统的3个基本属性，即系统能动的适应性、系统交互的开放性以及系统进化的涌现性。基于此，考虑到更为全面、立体且动态的认知，笔者认为，研究数智赋能政党现代化非常适合采用复杂适应系统这一理论工具。现代国家的政党本身就是一个随技术环境演变而不断调适的复杂适应系统，并以技术赋能的形式展开适应性叙事。数智赋能政党治理可以理解为复杂社会技术系统的适应过程，是政党治理系统的非线性适应所导致的不确定性系统行为。本研究从这一理论视角出发，分析数智技术在赋能政党治理过程中的复杂系统逻辑机理，并研判赋能的实践困囿及其系统适应因由，从而针对实现数字赋能政党治理现代化探索一条现实可行的实践进路。

II. Complex Adaptive Systems: The Logical Mechanism of the Modernization of Digital-Intelligence-Enabled Party Governance

二、复杂适应系统：数智赋能政党治理现代化的逻辑机理

Social systems usually interact with the technological environment in a mutually shaping manner. Marx had profound insight into this more than a century ago: "With the acquisition of new productive forces, people change their mode of production; with the change in the mode of production and the means of earning a living, people also change all their social relations." [5]5 Paraphrase of Marx's argument in *The Poverty of Philosophy* (1847) on how productive forces shape social relations. The difference is that today's technological protagonist is digital-intelligence technology, which brings about digital-intelligent modes of production and life, and significantly promotes adaptive changes in all social relations, including the party governance system.

社会系统通常会以相互塑造的方式不断与技术环境交互，马克思在一个多世纪前对此就有深刻的洞见：“随着新生产力的获得，人们改变自己的生产方式，随着生产方式及谋生的方式的改变，人们也就会改变自己的一切社会关系。”不同的是，今天的技术主角是数智技术，其所带来的是数智化生产生活方式，并显著地推动着包括政党治理系统在内的全部社会关系的适应性变革。

(I) System Adaptability: The Connotative Logic of the Modernization of Digital-Intelligence-Enabled Party Governance

（一）系统适应性：数智赋能政党治理现代化的内涵逻辑

Complex adaptive systems theory holds that a system is composed of active agents with adaptive capabilities, and adaptability is the core of system behavior. In this regard, technological empowerment means that the system actively uses technology to change its own operational mode, thereby enhancing the system's adaptive capacity and creating value. Compared with the more familiar and widely used concepts of "technological empowerment" and "digital empowerment," the concept of "digital-intelligence empowerment" has only recently emerged in large numbers and been quickly accepted. The academic community generally believes that "digital-intelligence" integrates the technological approaches of "digitalization" and "intelligentization," reflecting the thematic focus and leapfrog changes of the new round of information technology revolution. Digital-intelligence empowerment is a confirmation of the social application value of emerging digital and intelligent technologies, and the latest advancement of the empowerment effect of information systems. The modernization of digital-intelligence-enabled party governance is the process by which the party system actively uses digital-intelligence technology to achieve governance efficiency and innovative development, and has profound scientific connotations.

复杂适应系统理论认为，系统是由具有适应能力的能动主体所构成的，适应性是复杂系统行为的核心。就此而言，技术赋能意味着系统能积极利用技术改变自身运作模式，从而提升系统适应能力并创造价值。相较于人们更为熟悉和广泛使用的“技术赋能”“数字赋能”等概念，“数智赋能”概念直到新近才大量涌现并被快速接受。学界普遍认为，“数智”融合了“数字化”和“智能化”的技术进路，体现了新一轮信息技术革命的主题关注和跨越式变迁。而数智赋能则是对新兴的数字化、智能化技术社会应用价值的确证，是信息系统赋能效应的最新进阶。数智赋能政党治理现代化是政党系统能动地利用数智技术实现治理增效和创新发展的过程，具有深刻的科学内涵。

From exogenous technological integration to generative governance enhancement. The most direct implication of digital-intelligence-empowered modernization of Party governance is that the Party governance system, in the process of adapting to environmental changes, integrates advanced digital-intelligence technologies from the outside. From computers, the World Wide Web, mobile communications, and social media to 5G, big data, cloud computing, blockchain, and artificial intelligence, the important support behind this rapid development and popularization process is the continuous progress, even iterative evolution, of digital-intelligence technologies. In the digital age, digital-intelligence technologies have significantly integrated into people’s daily lives and profoundly shaped and changed their ideas and concepts. Digital-intelligence technologies have been rapidly popularized in China; by the end of 2023, the scale of digital users in China reached 1.092 billion, ranking first in the world. It is against this backdrop that digital-intelligence empowerment has been proposed and has become active in increasingly broad social and political fields. The Communist Party of China, as a party committed to promoting modernization, naturally must conform to this development trend and actively embrace the development opportunities brought by digital transformation. However, on the path of digital-intelligence-empowered modernization of Party governance, digital-intelligence technology is the tool and driving force, while the enhancement of Party governance functions is the purpose and result; tools serve the purpose, and the driving force drives the result. This means that digital-intelligence-empowered Party governance needs to adhere to goal traction and a results-oriented approach. Furthermore, empowerment is not a one-time relationship of giving and receiving between subject and object; its essence contains evocation, activation, and more sustained growth, unfolding through the process of integration that drives the dynamic transformation and evolution of the system. In the context of complex adaptive systems theory, digital-intelligence technology and Party governance do not remain at the simple superposition of two elements—technology and organization—and the direct reactions this brings, but rather concern a systemic process in which Party governance continuously develops and produces positive chain effects. This also means that the basic presupposition of digital-intelligence-empowered modernization of Party governance is that the Party is not a passive static object, but an active organic life form capable of releasing enormous development potential. Therefore, digital-intelligence-empowered modernization of Party governance is also the Party’s active application of digital-intelligence technology under the guidance of modernization goals, internally driving the Party’s high-quality growth and continuously generating actual Party governance effectiveness.

从外源性的技术接入到生成性的治理增效。数智赋能政党治理现代化，最直接的意涵就是政党治理系统在适应环境变迁过程中从外部接入先进的数智技术。从计算机、万维网、移动通信、社交媒体到5G、大数据、云计算、区块链、人工智能，这一快速发展与普及化进程背后的重要支撑则是数智技术的持续进步，甚至是迭代发展。数字时代，数智技术已显著地融入人们的日常生活并深刻塑造和改变着人们的思想观念。数智技术更是在中国快速普及化，截至 2023年底，我国数字用户规模达到10.92亿人，位居全球第一。数智赋能正是在这一背景下被提出的，并活跃于越来越广泛的社会与政治领域。中国共产党作为致力于推动现代化的政党，自然要顺应这一发展趋势，积极拥抱数字化转型带来的发展机遇。但是，在数智赋能政党治理现代化理路上，数智技术是工具、动力，政党治理功能提升是目的、结果，工具服务于目的，动力驱成于结果，这就意味着数智赋能政党治理需要坚持目标牵引、结果导向。进言之，赋能在主客体间不是一次性的给予与获得的关系，其本质上蕴含着唤起、激活与更长足的成长，是在融合的过程中驱使着系统的动态转变和嬗变而展开的。在复杂适应系统理论的语境下，数智技术与政党治理不是停留在技术与组织两种元素简单叠合以及带来的直接反应上，而是关乎政党治理不断发展并产生积极连锁效应的系统过程。这也意味着数智赋能政党治理现代化的基本预设是，政党不是被动的静物，而是能动的、可以释放巨大发展潜力的有机生命体。因此，数智赋能政党治理现代化也是政党在现代化目标导向下能动地应用数智技术，内在地驱动着政党高质量成长以及持续不断地生成实际的政党治理效能。

From unidirectional transformation and reform to patterned innovative development. Modernization, as today’s most fervent epochal and global issue, is redefining all fields of human social development and governance. The concept of modernization of Party governance emerges precisely against the grand narrative backdrop of modernization; its basic implication is that the Party needs continuous self-improvement, self-adjustment, and innovative development to better adapt to the requirements of modernization. This concept indicates that “modernization gives rise to party politics, party politics leads modernization, and the symbiosis and interaction between party politics and modernization is the grand logic of the evolution of human civilization since modern times.” [6]6 This quotation is from a Chinese scholarly source on the relationship between modernization and party politics, reflecting a standard CPC theoretical framing. Modernization does not proceed along a single-factor, narrow trajectory; it is a complex process involving changes in various fields including technology and institutions, theory and practice. From the perspective of historical materialism, the development and application of science and technology are both important contents of modernization and key forces driving modernization. Currently, digital-intelligence technology represents the forefront of technological application and has been quickly integrated into extensive technological socialization practices, becoming a new driving factor and activating variable in the modernization process of various social fields. Party organizations need to embrace digital-intelligence technology, use it to integrate and organize the entire chain of Party governance, activate inefficient governance resources, reduce organizational information barriers, and improve traditional Party governance ills such as “suspended” work [7]7 “Suspended” work (工作“悬浮”) refers to a situation where Party governance activities are disconnected from grassroots realities, remaining superficial or formalistic rather than substantive. and delayed responses, transforming inefficient management into efficient governance, and continuously building a strong Party agile and intelligent governance system. Along with the deep integration of the digital-intelligence construction of the Party governance system and governance capacity, the Party governance model is also accelerating its modern transformation and advanced development from an experience-based judgment type to a data-analysis type, and from traditional to intelligent governance. Therefore, from the dimension of modernization, the application and popularization of digital-intelligence technology have changed the Party’s social background and organizational ecology, transformed the resource conditions, systemic connections, and operational modes of traditional Party governance, and thereby promoted and shaped a new model of modern Party governance supported by digital-intelligence empowerment.

从单向度的变革改造到模式化的创新发展。现代化作为当今最炙热的时代性、世界性课题，正在重新规定着人类社会发展和治理的各个领域。政党治理现代化概念正是在现代化宏大叙事背景下出场的，其所主张的基本意涵在于政党需要不断自我提升、自我调适、创新发展以更好适应现代化发展的要求。这一概念表明“现代化催生政党政治，政党政治主导现代化，政党政治与现代化的共生与互动，是近代以来人类文明演进的大逻辑”。现代化不是在单要素、狭向度的轨迹上行进的，而是一个涉及技术与制度、理论和实践领域各方面变化的复杂过程。从唯物史观看，科学技术的发展与应用既是现代化的重要内容，也是推动现代化的关键性力量。当前，数智技术代表了科技应用的前沿，很快便被接入广泛的技术社会化实践中，成为社会各领域实现现代化进程中新的驱动因素和激活变量。政党组织需要拥抱数智技术，运用数智技术对政党治理的全链条进行整合和组织，激活低效治理资源、消减组织信息壁垒、改进工作“悬浮”和回应迟滞等传统政党治理旧弊，变低效管理为高效治理，不断建强政党敏捷智治体系。伴随着政党治理体系和治理能力数智化建设的深度融合，政党治理模式也在加速从经验研判型向数据剖析型、从传统化向智慧化治理的现代化转型与进阶发展。因此，在现代化的维度下，数智技术的应用普及，改变了政党的社会背景与组织生态，改造着传统政党治理的资源条件、系统关联与运行方式，进而推动并形塑着以数智赋能为支撑的现代政党治理新模态。

(II) Systemic Openness: The Compositional Logic of Digital-Intelligence-Empowered Modernization of Party Governance

（二）系统开放性：数智赋能政党治理现代化的构成逻辑

Complex adaptive systems are considered “open systems,” in which subsystems continuously engage in complex interactions with external environmental elements in a mutually shaping manner. The Party governance system is a complex open system composed of subsystems such as Party governance methods, the Party governance system, and Party governance capacity. In terms of content composition, digital-intelligence-empowered modernization of Party governance manifests as the Party governance system achieving evolution and development in the process of adapting to the digital-intelligence technology environment, encompassing broad and progressively deepening comprehensive contents such as innovating governance methods, optimizing the governance system, and enhancing governance capacity, thereby constructing a logical composition model of digital-intelligence-empowered modernization of Party governance (see Figure 1).

复杂适应系统被认为是“开放系统”，各子系统以相互塑造的方式不断与外在环境要素进行着复杂交互。政党治理系统是由政党治理方式、政党治理体系以及政党治理能力等子系统构成的复杂开放系统，数智赋能政党治理现代化在内容构成上表现为政党治理系统在适应数智技术环境的过程中实现进化、发展，蕴含着创新治理方式、优化治理体系、提升治理能力等宽广且递深的综合内容，从而可以构建数智赋能政党治理现代化的逻辑构成模型（见图1）。

1. Digital-Intelligence Empowerment of the Modernization of Party Governance Methods

1.数智赋能政党治理方式现代化

The most direct level of digital-intelligence-empowered modernization of Party governance is the improvement and innovation of Party governance methods. In the digital age, routine Party governance work can widely integrate diverse digital-intelligence application programs. For example, digital-intelligence technology helps break the temporal, spatial, and physical constraints of information transmission; the Party can use corresponding digital-intelligence application platforms to improve its propaganda work, promptly promoting the Party’s innovative theories and publishing the Party’s policies and propositions. Digital-intelligence technology helps create more flexible interactive scenarios; the Party can use corresponding digital-intelligence application carriers to improve its mass-line work, effectively enhancing the quality and convenience of the Party’s service to the masses. Digital-intelligence technology helps accurately grasp the work dynamics of internal departments and Party members; the Party can use corresponding digital-intelligence-assisted management tools to improve its discipline work, forging a technical defense line for the Party organization to resist corruption and for Party members to maintain integrity and self-discipline.

数智赋能政党治理现代化，最直接的层面就是对政党治理方式的改进和创新。数字时代，常态化的政党治理工作可以广泛接入丰富多样的数智化应用程序。比如，数智技术有助于打破信息传递的时空和物理桎梏，政党可以利用相应的数智化应用平台来改进党的宣传工作，及时推广党的创新理论、发布党的政策主张；数智技术有助于创设更灵活的互动场景，政党可以利用相应的数智化应用载体改进党的群众工作，切实提升党服务群众的质量和便捷性；数智技术有助于精准把握内设部门和党员的工作动态，政党可以运用相应的数智化辅助管理工具改进党的纪律工作，铸就党组织拒腐防变和党员廉洁自律的技术防线。

2. Digital-Intelligence Empowerment of the Modernization of the Party Governance System

2.数智赋能政党治理体系现代化

The widespread application of digital-intelligence technology by Party organizations can effectively promote the enhancement of their own governance functions, while continuous technological interaction and functional enhancement can in turn drive the transformation and development of the Party governance system. Comparatively, traditional Party organizations, constrained by time, space, hierarchical management, and cross-departmental coordination, operate with low efficiency and find it difficult to adapt to the complex and changeable internal and external environments and practical development requirements of the digital age. Technological progress can provide new opportunities for organizations to achieve transformative development. Against the backdrop of the great development of digital-intelligence technology, Party organizations can fully leverage new technologies to promote organizational structure and process optimization. The Party can use the connectivity advantages of digital-intelligence technology to break down traditional internal and external organizational boundaries, achieving cross-departmental integration and collaboration, cross-level communication and interconnection, and cross-regional coordinated development, promoting organic linkage and integrated aggregation of Party organizations. The Party can use the intelligent agility advantages of digital-intelligence technology to bridge the fragmentation of organizational business processes, achieving orderly connection and smooth integration of Party governance in the various links of planning, decision-making, execution, supervision, and coordination, enhancing the operational efficiency of Party organizations.

政党组织广泛应用数智技术，能够有效推动自身治理功能的提升，而持续性技术互动和功能提升反过来又能推动政党治理体系的变革与发展。比较而言，传统政党组织受时间、空间以及层级管理和跨部门协同的影响，运转效率不高，难以适应数字时代复杂多变的内外部环境和现实发展要求。技术进步能够为组织实现变革发展提供新的机会，在数智技术大发展的时代背景下，政党完全能够借助新技术推动组织架构和流程优化。政党可以利用数智技术的连接优势，打破传统组织内外界限，实现跨部门融合协作、跨层级沟通互联、跨区域协同发展，推动党组织有机衔接、联动集成；政党可以利用数智技术的智能敏捷优势，弥合组织业务流程的分割化，实现政党治理在计划、决策、执行、监督、协调诸环节的有序衔接、顺畅贯通，提升党组织运转效率。

3. Digital-Intelligence Empowerment of the Modernization of Party Governance Capacity

3.数智赋能政党治理能力现代化

Governance capacity is the practical support for solving governance problems, completing governance tasks, and achieving governance goals. The ultimate aim of digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of Party governance lies in the long-term enhancement of the Party’s governance capacity, which is also the basic criterion for measuring and testing the actual effects of digital-intelligence enablement. The Party’s governance capacity has a distinct practical manifestation, highlighting the Party’s historical initiative in its interaction with society. For contemporary China, the Communist Party of China is both the leadership core that commands the overall situation and coordinates all parties, and the governance hub that connects the upper and lower levels and ensures effective implementation. Therefore, the goal of digital-intelligence enablement must be directed toward the comprehensive enhancement of the Party’s governance capacity. At the macro level, digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of Party governance allows the Party to adapt to the demands of the times, more accurately grasp social issues and development trends, better fulfill its duties and implement the Party’s purpose, strengthen and improve the Party’s overall leadership, and enhance the systemic nature and effectiveness of Party governance. At the micro level, digital-intelligence technology can help improve the capabilities of grassroots Party organizations and individual Party members, enabling various governance measures and actions to respond more agilely and efficiently to actual needs, thereby increasing the targeted nature and precision of Party governance.

治理能力是解决治理问题、完成治理任务、实现治理目标的现实支撑，数智赋能政党治理现代化的落脚点在于政党治理能力的长效提升，这也是衡量和检验数智赋能实际效果的基本标准。政党治理能力具有鲜明的实践表征，彰显了政党在与社会互动中的历史主动性。对于当代中国而言，中国共产党既是总揽全局、协调各方的领导核心，又是上下贯通、执行有力的治理中枢。因此，数智赋能的目标需要指向政党治理能力的全面提升。在宏观层面，数智赋能政党治理现代化能够让政党适应时代要求，更准确地把握社会问题和发展动向，更好地履行职责、践行党的宗旨，强化和完善党的全面领导，提高政党治理的系统性和有效性。在微观层面，数智技术可以助力基层党组织和党员个体能力的提升，使各项治理举措和行动能够更敏捷高效地回应实际需求，提高政党治理的针对性和精准度。

(III) Systemic Emergence: The Value Logic of Digital-Intelligence-Enabled Modernization of Party Governance

（三）系统涌现性：数智赋能政党治理现代化的价值逻辑

In the process of continuous complex interaction, a complex adaptive system accumulates adaptive traits in structure and function, and transforms adaptive adjustments into its own advantages in order to survive and develop. This process is called “emergence.” Emergence occurs at the macro level, is the visible result of the adaptive behavior of the complex system, has identifiable patterns and characteristics, and can be repeatedly realized. Digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of Party governance is an action that follows the trend and is a logical move. The Party governance system achieves transformation and development through active adaptation to the technological environment, thereby giving rise to multiple modern governance values.

复杂适应系统在持续的复杂交互过程中，不断积累着结构和功能上的适应性状，并将适应的调整转化为自身优势，以求存续与发展，这一过程被称之为“涌现”。涌现发生在宏观层面，是复杂系统适应行为的显在结果，具有标识性的模式和特征，且能够重复实现。数智赋能政党治理现代化是顺势而为、顺理之举，政党治理系统在积极适应技术环境中实现变革与发展，从而涌现出多重现代化治理价值。

1. Value Orientation: Scientifically Enhancing the Party’s Governing Capacity and Leadership Level in the Digital Era

1.价值指向：科学提升数字时代党的执政能力和领导水平

The historical facts of the relationship between technology and political party development show that every technological change directly or indirectly alters the political party ecology and social ecology, and the Party governance system also, to varying degrees, draws on the achievements of technological progress to improve its own behavioral methods and development paradigms. Currently, digital-intelligence transformation poses extremely severe challenges to political parties and places higher demands on them. Only by closely following, becoming familiar with, and being adept at mastering digital-intelligence technology can a political party keep pace with the times and have a better future. In the Chinese context, the most important issue of digital-intelligence-enabled Party governance is clearly the CPC’s self-construction, self-renovation, and self-development. It is about the CPC, as the ruling party, being able to grasp the laws of digital-intelligence transformation, use digital-intelligence technology to vigorously innovate the Party’s work forms, and effectively enhance the Party’s governing capacity and state governance capacity in the long term. Essentially, digital-intelligence enablement is a developmental efficiency-enhancing mechanism. Digital-intelligence-enabled Party governance aims to improve the efficiency of Party governance and better serve the Party’s purpose and responsibilities. In the process of digital-intelligence enablement, the Party is not a passive responder to technology, but a skilled user of technology, and moreover, a prudent intelligent decision-maker and intelligent governance leader, a force that plays a leading role in the process of digital-intelligence enablement. In this regard, the primary value criterion for measuring digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of Party governance is whether it can effectively strengthen the Party’s leadership capacity and consolidate the Party’s ruling position. Conversely, if a political party cannot adapt to the development trend of the era of technological change, cannot follow the trend to use digital-intelligence technology to enable Party governance and promote the modernization of Party governance, it means that the party has weak adaptability, finds it difficult to exert its due effectiveness in the changing digital context, and may even find it hard to survive in the highly volatile digital era. Historical experience shows that the leadership of the CPC is strong and powerful. Its strength comes not only from the Party’s profound historical heritage but also from its pioneering innovation in keeping with the development of the times. Adapting to the digital-intelligence era and turning the variable of digital-intelligence technology into an increment for strengthening the Party’s leadership—this is the fundamental purpose of digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of Party governance in the New Era.

技术与政党发展的历史事实表明，每一次技术变迁都会直接或间接地改变政党政治和社会生态，而政党治理系统也会不同程度地借助技术进步的成果去改进自身的行为方式和发展范式。当前，数智化转型给政党带来了极其严峻的挑战并提出了更高的要求，政党只有紧密关注、熟悉并善于驾驭数智技术，方能紧扣时代节拍、拥有更美好的未来。在中国场域中，数智赋能政党治理最重要的议题显然是中国共产党的自我建设、自我革新和自我发展，是作为执政党的中国共产党能够掌握数智化转型规律，利用数智技术大力创新党的工作形式，长效提升党的执政能力和治国理政能力。本质而言，数智赋能是一种发展性的增效机制。数智赋能政党治理是为了提高政党治理的效率，更好地服务于党的宗旨和职责。政党在数智赋能过程中不是技术的被动响应者，而是技术的娴熟应用者，更是谨慎的智慧决策者和智治引领者，是在数智赋能过程中发挥主导作用的力量。就此而言，衡量数智赋能政党治理现代化的首要价值标准，就在于其是否能够切实强化党的领导能力、巩固党的执政地位。反之，一个政党如果不能适应技术变革的时代发展趋势，不能顺势而为利用数智技术赋能政党治理、推进政党治理现代化，则意味着这个政党的适应性较弱，难以在变动的数字化情境中发挥应有之效能，甚至难以存续于高度变动的数字时代中。历史经验表明，中国共产党的领导是坚强有力的，其力量不仅来源于党的强大历史底蕴，也来自顺应时代发展的开拓创新。适应数智化时代，让数智技术的变量成为强化党的领导的增量，这是新时代数智赋能政党治理现代化的根本主旨。

2. Value Positioning: Using Technological Governance to Help Solve the Unique Challenges Facing a Large Party

2.价值定位：以技术之治助力大党独有难题的破解

The process of “emergence” implies the formation of new complex structures and functions. Emerging structural and functional elements can serve as feedback mechanisms to produce positive effects and, to a certain extent, reduce existing conflicts and chaos within the system. Any political party organization accumulates various “difficult points” and “pain points” in its operation and development. Especially as the scale and size of the party grow, the complexity of problems becomes higher, uncertainty becomes stronger, and the difficulty of governance naturally becomes greater. Thus, the unique challenges facing a large party become increasingly prominent. Modern politics is generally party politics. The Party governance system plays a broad and important role in modern political and social life. In the digital era, state governance and social development place more demands on Party governance, and people’s expectations for Party governance have also become higher. Traditional Party governance has gradually revealed problems such as loose and suspended organizational management models, and faces a series of challenges including weakened organizational capacity, inefficient communication capacity, imbalanced coordination capacity, and weakened guiding capacity. How to build and manage a huge party organizational system and enhance the party’s organizational capacity is a core proposition for solving the unique challenges facing a large party and promoting the modernization of Party governance. For the CPC, the unique challenges facing a large party are even more prominent and urgent to solve due to the particularity of its ultra-large scale and strong mission responsibility. As of the end of 2023, the total number of CPC members was 99.185 million, and the total number of grassroots Party organizations was 5.176 million. [8]8 These figures are from the Central Organization Department of the CPC, as of December 31, 2023. The huge number of Party members and the multi-level Party organizational structure are the practical challenges currently facing Party organizational construction and the enhancement of Party organizational governance capacity. From the perspective of the relationship between the political system and the changing environment, the survival and development of the Party system depend on its own ability to adapt to the environment. It needs to continuously respond to the input of external environmental demands and pressures, and institutionalize them through its own adjustment and development. The application of digital-intelligence technology provides new means, new carriers, and new platforms for the Party’s organizational management system. It can optimize the internal hierarchical management and operational mechanisms of Party organizations, and promote the development of Party governance in directions such as networking, flattening, and high efficiency. It can be seen that digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of Party governance is undoubtedly an inherent requirement for solving the unique challenges facing a large party in the digital era.

“涌现”的过程意味着新的复杂结构和功能的形成，新兴的结构和功能要素可以作为提供反馈的机制产生积极影响，并在一定程度上消减系统内部既有的冲突和混沌。任何政党组织在其运转和发展中，都会积聚各种各样的“难点”“痛点”，特别是随着政党规模和体量的变大，问题的复杂程度会变得更高、不确定性更强，治理难度自然也就更大，大党独有难题从而愈加凸显。现代政治普遍是政党政治，政党治理系统在现代政治和社会生活中具有广泛而重要的作用。数字时代，国家治理和社会发展对政党治理提出了更多要求，人们对政党治理的期待也变得更高，传统政党治理逐渐显露出组织管理模式松散化、悬浮化等问题，面临着组织力涣散、传播力低效、协调力失衡、引领力弱化等一系列挑战，如何建设好、管理好庞大的政党组织体系以及提升政党的组织力，是破解大党独有难题、推进政党治理现代化的核心命题。对于中国共产党而言，大党独有难题也因为超大规模和强烈使命责任要求的特殊性而变得更加突出、亟待破解。截至2023年底，中国共产党党员总数为9918.5万名，党的基层组织总数为517.6万个。庞大的党员数量以及多层级的党组织结构是当前党组织建设以及提升党组织治理能力面临的现实挑战。从政治系统与变动环境的关系机理看，政党系统的存续和发展取决于自身适应环境的情况，需要不断地回应外部环境要求和压力的输入，并通过自身调整和发展加以制度化。而数智技术的应用则为政党组织管理系统提供了新手段、新载体、新平台，能够优化党组织内部层级管理和运行机制，推动政党治理朝着网络化、扁平化、高效化等方向发展。可见，数智赋能政党治理现代化无疑是数字时代破解大党独有难题的应有之义。

3. Value Extension: Continuously Enhancing the Effectiveness of Party Governance in Leading the Modernization of State Governance

3.价值递延：持续增强政党治理引领国家治理现代化的效能

“Emergence” is manifested not only within the system but also in the mutual shaping that occurs during the interaction between the system and its environment. The impact of digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of Party governance is not limited to the Party itself; the value chain of its effects extends continuously through the Party’s role and functions in national governance. In the digital age, by applying digital-intelligence technologies, the Party can carry out more precise, convenient, and pragmatic governance work, achieving innovation and upgrading of Party governance. This not only provides more effective means and methods for solving the difficulties and “pain points” of its own construction and development but also further enhances its political capacity, steering the modernization of national governance steadily forward. For the Communist Party of China, against the current backdrop of comprehensively advancing Chinese-path modernization, it is especially necessary to conform to the demands of the times, be adept at utilizing various advanced means and methods to promote its own modernization development, achieve good governance, raise the level of scientific governance, and optimize national governance through Party governance, thereby better leading the modernization of national governance. Digital-intelligence technologies offer multifaceted solutions for Party governance, capable of effectively improving the efficiency of Party governance, enhancing intra-Party management levels, strengthening the capacity for governing the country, and helping to transform the institutional advantages of socialism with Chinese characteristics into more effective national governance outcomes. Currently, the value of digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of Party governance is gradually becoming evident in practice. For example, through big data analysis, it is possible to quickly identify hot issues in Party governance, more accurately predict and prevent risks in governance, provide more reliable foundations for Party decision-making, improve the Party’s governing capacity, and consolidate national governance capacity with strong Party capacity. Another example is the use of intelligent IoT sensors for data collection and analysis, which facilitates information sharing and exchange among departments, enhancing overall governance efficiency. In the era of party politics, political parties are important subjects of national political life and key drivers and implementers of the modernization of national governance. Moreover, the application of digital-intelligence technologies can further optimize data sharing, resource integration, and functional coordination in Party governance, providing organizational and technical guarantees for the modernization of national governance. In summary, from the perspective of systemic emergence, the application of digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of Party governance objectively injects strong momentum into advancing the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity in the New Era.

“涌现”不仅体现在系统内部，在系统内外交互的过程中也彼此塑造。数智赋能政党治理现代化的影响不限于政党本身，其作用的价值链条会随着政党在国家治理中的角色和功能而不断延展。数字时代，通过应用数智技术，政党可以开展更加精准、便捷、务实的治理工作，实现政党治理工作的创新和升级，不仅可以为解决自身建设和发展的难题、“痛点”提供更为有效的手段和方法，还可以进一步增强自身的政治能力、引领国家治理现代化行稳致远。对于中国共产党而言，在当前全面推进中国式现代化的时代背景下，尤其需要顺应时代要求，善于运用各种先进手段和方法，推动自身的现代化发展，实现善治，提高科学执政水平，以政党治理优化国家治理，从而更好地引领国家治理现代化。数智技术为政党治理提供了多方面解决方案，能够切实提高政党治理效率，提升党内管理水平，增强治国理政能力，并助力于将中国特色社会主义制度优势转化为更高效的国家治理成效。当前，数智赋能政党治理现代化的价值正在实践中逐步彰显，比如，通过大数据分析，能快速识别政党治理热点问题，更准确地预测和预防治理中的风险问题，为政党决策提供更可靠的依据，提高了党的执政能力，以强大的政党能力凝聚国家治理能力。再如，利用智能化的物联网传感器进行数据收集和分析应用，有助于各部门间信息的互通和共享，提升了整体治理效率。在政党政治时代，政党是国家政治生活的重要主体，也是国家治理现代化的重要推动者和实施者。而且，数智技术的应用还可以进一步优化政党治理数据共享、资源整合和功能协同，为国家治理现代化提供组织和技术保障。总之，从系统涌现性的视角看，数智赋能政党治理现代化的运用，客观上还能为推进新时代国家治理体系和治理能力现代化注入强大动力。

III. Nonlinear Generation: Practical Difficulties in Digital-Intelligence-Enabled Modernization of Party Governance

三、非线性生成：数智赋能政党治理现代化的实践之困

The enabling role of digital-intelligence technologies adds new complexity to the Party system. According to the nonlinear adaptation principle of complex systems, continuous adaptive behavior can easily cause complex systems to become “unbalanced,” adapting or developing over time in ways that are difficult to predict or even unknowable, potentially leading to unexpected nonlinear trends. Any purposeful change in a system carries a causal probability of generating unintended countereffects. Thus, digital-intelligence-enabled Party governance has a “double-edged sword” effect; digital-intelligence “enabling” may also become digital-intelligence “binding.” Currently, digital-intelligence-enabled Party governance work has received positive responses and been implemented at both central and local levels, achieving some results. However, from the perspective of specific practices, this new exploration still faces many real challenges that cannot be ignored, and we must also confront potential negative impacts.

数智技术的赋能作用为政党系统增添了新的复杂性。按照复杂系统非线性适应原理，持续的适应行为容易使复杂系统出现“失衡”，并以难以预测甚至不可知的方式随着时间的推移而适应或发展，可能导致意想不到的非线性走势。系统的任何有目的的改变都有生成非预期性逆效应的因果概率。因而，数智赋能政党治理存在着“双刃剑”效应，数智“赋能”也可能变成数智“缚能”。当前，数智赋能政党治理工作在中央与地方层面均已得到积极响应与实践，并取得了一些成效。但是，从具体实践情况看，这一新的探索还面临着许多不容忽视的现实挑战，我们也需要正视可能出现的负面影响。

(I) The Difficulty of Adaptability: The Rejection Effect in Digital-Intelligence-Enabled Modernization of Party Governance

（一）适应性之困：数智赋能政党治理现代化的排异效应

Although technological progress is closely related to Party development, this does not mean that the two naturally blend together and can naturally achieve benign adaptive development. In fact, political parties face a series of “rejection effects” when accepting and utilizing new technologies. The so-called “rejection effect” (Transplant Rejection) is a term derived from life sciences and widely applied in social sciences, referring to the negative rejection reactions triggered by the mismatch between an implanted foreign tissue and the organism. If digital-intelligence technologies and Party governance cannot achieve organic integration, various negative rejection reactions may occur. Currently, some local Party organizations, constrained by limitations in cognition, systems, and methods, frequently encounter rejection phenomena such as homogenization of digital-intelligence-enabled Party governance and difficulties in business coordination.

尽管技术进步与政党发展关系密切，但这并不意味着两者之间天然交融、能自然而然实现良性适应性发展。事实上，政党接受并利用新技术会面临一系列“排异效应”。所谓“排异效应”（Transplant Rejection），是源于生命科学并被社会科学所广泛应用的一个术语，指植入有机体的异体组织与有机体不匹配所引发的负面排斥反应。数智技术与政党治理如果不能实现有机融合，就可能发生各种负面排斥反应。当前，一些地方党组织囿于认知、制度和方式的局限，在现实中屡屡出现数智赋能政党治理同质化、业务协同难等排异现象。

First, there are issues of maladaptation and mismatch when political parties introduce and apply digital-intelligence technologies. In the process of social application of technology, users need to possess a certain level of technical literacy and knowledge reserves. Digital-intelligence technology products have high professionalism and technical complexity, placing higher demands on users. Although related products may have user-friendly designs, allowing users to perform basic operations with some learning, if users cannot deeply understand technical operations, grasp product functions, and assess application security risks, they cannot achieve standardized application well and find it difficult to fully realize the actual utility of digital-intelligence enabling. In reality, precisely due to constraints in their own knowledge and abilities, some Party organizations and Party members encounter varying degrees of technical maladaptation issues such as difficulty in access, operation, maintenance, and management when using new digital-intelligence technology products. Inability to use technology well makes it hard to realize its social utility. Currently, the volume and scale of digital talent remain limited, with China’s digital talent gap reaching 25 to 30 million. In the field of Party governance, digital talent is also extremely scarce, which undoubtedly restricts the smooth advancement of digital-intelligence in Party governance.

第一，政党在引入和应用数智技术过程中存在不适应、不契合问题。在技术的社会应用过程中，使用者需要具备一定的技术素养和知识储备。数智技术产品具有较高的专业性和技术复杂性，对使用者的要求会更高。尽管相关产品可能在应用上进行了人性化设计，使用者稍加学习就可以进行一些基本操作，但如果使用者不能深入了解技术运维、把握产品功能及应用安全风险，则不能很好地做到规范化应用，难以充分发挥数智赋能的实际效用。现实中，正是受自身知识和能力的制约，一些党组织和党员在使用新的数智技术产品时会不同程度地出现接入难、操作难、维护难、管理难等技术不适应问题，不能很好地使用技术就很难发挥技术的社会效用。当前，数字人才的体量和规模仍然有限，我国数字人才缺口达到 2500 万至 3000 万。在政党治理领域，数字人才同样极其匮乏，这无疑制约着政党治理数智化的顺利推进。

Second, there are issues of asynchrony and incoordination between new technological applications and existing Party business work. In reality, due to constraints from subjective and objective conditions such as technical demands and technical supply, coupled with the difficulty of coordinating large-scale and extensive digital-intelligence construction, the digital-intelligence processes of different Party organizations and different modules within a Party organization often cannot be coordinated and synchronized. Some organizational management and business processes have a high degree of digital-intelligence, some have low levels of digital-intelligence technology application, and some even have issues with digital-intelligence accessibility. This leads to differences in the timing and functions of digital-intelligence-enabled Party governance. Those Party affairs departments that achieve digital-intelligence first often face difficulties in connecting business flows and information flows with those that lag behind, leading to widespread phenomena such as “information islands” in Party organization management and “data silos” in Party governance business coordination at all levels, thereby affecting the actual efficiency and quality of Party governance.

第二，新的技术应用与既有政党业务工作存在不同步、不协调问题。在现实中，由于受技术需求、技术供给等主客观条件的限制，再加上大范围、大规模的数智化建设统筹难问题，不同党组织以及党组织内部不同模块的数智化进程往往不能协调一致、同步提升，有的组织管理和业务流程数智化程度高，有的数智技术应用水平低，有的甚至存在数智的接入性问题。这导致数智赋能政党治理在时序、功能等方面存在差异，那些率先实现数智化的党务部门通常与后进数智化党务部门在业务流、信息流等方面存在对接难问题，导致政党组织管理中的“信息孤岛”、政党治理业务协同中的“数据烟囱”等现象在各层级广泛存在，进而影响了政党治理的实际效率和质量。

Third, when digital-intelligence technologies upgrade and transform some traditional Party governance work scenarios and processes, they may encounter issues of one-sidedness and stereotyping. This one-sidedness and stereotyping are mainly manifested as follows: many Party organizations adopt technologies, platforms, and applications that are highly similar in the digital-intelligence process, failing to integrate technological applications based on their own actual work, resulting in simplistic “bandwagon” innovation and low-level repetitive construction. This makes the practice of digital-intelligence-enabled Party governance singular, stereotyped, and mechanized, not only failing to realize the expected advantages of digital-intelligence technology enabling, such as application diversity, operational convenience, and personalized services, but also weakening the adaptability and flexibility of Party organizations in different activity areas and task contexts.

第三，数智技术在对部分传统政党治理工作场景、流程进行升级改造时可能会出现片面化、定式化的问题。这种片面化、定式化主要表现为：许多党组织在数智化过程中所采用的技术、平台、应用程序等呈现出高度相似的特征，未能结合自身工作实际吸纳技术应用，出现简单化的“跟风式”创新、低水平的重复化建设等问题。这使数智赋能政党治理的实践变得单一化、定式化以及机械化，不仅没有发挥出数智技术赋能预期应有的应用多样化、操作便捷化、服务个性化等优势，反而削弱了政党组织在不同活动领域、不同任务背景下的治理适应性和灵活性。

In summary, digital-intelligence-enabled Party governance work, introduced from both technical and value dimensions, brings new blood and new momentum to the Party governance work system, but this introduction also produces rejection effects, causing digital-intelligence technologies to fail to play a positive enabling role in Party governance practice.

总之，数智赋能政党治理工作从技术及价值双向导入，既给政党治理工作体系带来了新血液、新动能，也因这种导入产生了排异效应，造成数智技术在政党治理实践中不能很好地发挥正向赋能作用。

(II) The Difficulty of Openness: Security Risks in Digital-Intelligence-Enabled Modernization of Party Governance

（二）开放性之困：数智赋能政党治理现代化的安全风险

The party governance system achieves evolution and development in the process of opening up and adapting to the digital-intelligence technology environment. However, as the practical process of digital-intelligence-enabled party governance deepens, digital-intelligence technology is increasingly widely integrated into the various subsystems of party governance, objectively expanding its own network attack surface, and the risks inherent in it become more systemic. According to statistics, with the development and widespread application of digital-intelligence technology, global APT (Advanced Persistent Threat) attacks have entered a new wave of activity in recent years. In 2023, there were over 1,200 APT attacks targeting China, of which government agencies and scientific research and education institutions were the primary targets, suffering the highest number of attacks throughout the year, accounting for 38.8%. Furthermore, constrained by limitations in talent, technology, and financial resources, and because some party governance digital platforms have incomplete security protection systems, systemic security risks easily arise. In fact, development and security coexist and promote each other, yet also constrain each other; while digital-intelligence empowerment brings convenience and efficient development, it also brings numerous risks.

政党治理系统在开放适应数智技术环境的过程中实现进化、发展。但是，随着数智赋能政党治理实践进程的不断深化，数智技术愈加广泛地被接入到政党治理的各子系统，客观上也扩大了自身的网络攻击面，其内蕴的风险也就更具系统性。据统计，随着数智技术的发展与广泛应用，全球APT（Advanced Persistent Threat，高级持续性威胁）攻击近年来也进入了新一波活跃期，2023年针对我国的APT攻击达1200多起，其中，政府机构、科研教育是被攻击的重点对象，全年受攻击次数最多，占比 38.8%。此外，受人才、技术、资金等资源的限制，以及部分政党治理数字平台安全保护系统不够完备，极易出现系统性的安全风险问题。事实上，发展与安全相生相伴但又相促相桚，数智赋能在带来便捷、高效发展的同时，也会带来诸多风险。

Risks first manifest on party governance digital platforms, such as through malicious code, software attacks, and physical damage. Once malicious code infiltrates a party governance digital platform, it may lead to data leaks, system crashes, or information tampering, severely harming the platform's security and stability. Software attacks primarily exploit vulnerabilities in the operating software of Party and government departments or pre-implant backdoors for attacks; malicious actors gain unauthorized access by exploiting software vulnerabilities. Software attacks not only cause data leaks and system crashes but can also turn party governance digital platforms into springboards for cyberattacks, threatening the security of related systems and causing cascading damage. Digital-intelligence-enabled party governance is highly dependent on related digital equipment. Without effective maintenance and protection of this equipment, physical damage will inevitably directly affect the normal operation of party governance digital platforms, potentially leading to data loss, service interruption, or information leaks, posing serious threats to platform security and governance reliability.

风险首先表现在政党治理数字平台上，如恶意代码、软件攻击、物理损害等。一旦恶意代码侵入政党治理数字平台，可能会导致数据泄露、系统崩溃或者信息篡改，严重危害平台的安全性和稳定性。软件攻击则主要是利用党政部门操作软件漏洞或预植后门进行攻击，恶意行为者通过利用软件中的漏洞获取未授权的访问权限。软件攻击不仅会导致数据泄露和系统崩溃，还 能使政党治理数字平台成为网络攻击的跳板，威胁到关联系统的安全，造成连锁性破坏。数智赋能政党治理高度依赖于相关数字设备，如果缺乏对设备的有效维护和保障，物理损害必然会直接影响政党治理数字平台的正常运行，并可能导致数据丢失、服务中断或者信息泄露，给平台的安全性和治理的可靠性带来严重威胁。

Along with the diffusion and deepening of digital-intelligence empowerment, an increasing number of party governance activities rely on various digital-intelligence devices and applications. The volume of data generated, stored, and transmitted in the process of digital party governance continues to expand, making security risks such as data leaks increasingly prominent. This is especially true for larger political parties; due to the large number of Party members, the data security risks faced during their digitalization process become even more severe. In recent years, cases of data leaks caused by improper use of digital office software or weak security awareness among staff in some local Party and government institutions have emerged one after another. Additionally, Party member data and data generated from Party affairs work are typically stored centrally on computer servers or even in the digital cloud. This means that a single successful digital attack could allow an unauthorized user to steal a large amount of important data, undoubtedly posing a serious threat to the information security of Party organizations.

伴随着数智赋能的扩散与深化，越来越多的政党治理活动依赖于各类数智设备和应用程序。在政党数字治理过程中生成、存储和传递的数据量级不断扩增，所带来的数据泄露等安全风险也会愈发凸显。特别是对于规模较大的政党而言，由于党员数量众多，其数字化进程中所面临的数据安全风险就愈加严峻。近年来，我国一些地方党政机构在实际工作中，因工作人员在使用数字化办公软件时操作不当或安全意识薄弱所导致的数据泄露案例层出不穷。此外，党员数据以及党务工作所生成的数据通常集中存储于计算机服务器甚至数字云端，这意味着一次成功的数字攻击，非法用户就能够窃取大量重要数据，这无疑会给政党组织的信息安全带来严重威胁。

In summary, advanced digital-intelligence technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence are profoundly transforming party governance. Due to the massive aggregation of party governance data, the increasing number of distributed systems, and the ever-wider coverage of digital business, the security risks triggered are becoming more complex and prominent. This objectively requires Party organizations at all levels, while applying digital-intelligence technology, to strengthen risk prevention, coordinate security and development, and promote the steady and sustained progress of digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of party governance.

总之，大数据、云计算、人工智能等先进数智技术正深刻变革着政党治理，由于政党治理的数据呈海量集聚，分布式系统不断增加，数字化业务覆盖范围越来越广，其所引发的安全风险也愈发复杂和突出。这在客观上要求各级党组织在应用数智技术的同时，要加强风险防范，统筹安全与发展，推进数智赋能政党治理现代化行稳致远。

(III) The Dilemma of Emergence: Formalism in Digital-Intelligence-Enabled Modernization of Party Governance

（三）涌现性之困：数智赋能政党治理现代化的形式主义

From a results perspective, the nonlinear adaptive evolution process of the system means that input does not necessarily correspond proportionally to expected output; the substantive value emergence of system adaptation is often constrained by numerous mutually restrictive uncertainties. Particularly, digital-intelligence empowerment typically tends toward a high pursuit of instrumental technological rationality. Without complete constraint conditions, digital-intelligence empowerment easily gives rise to digital formalism, where the actual effects of party governance deviate from intended goals.

从结果上看，系统的非线性适应进化过程意味着输入并不必然与预期输出成正比，系统适应的实质价值涌现往往会受到诸多相互约束的不确定性的限制；特别是数智赋能通常导向于一种对工具化技术理性的高度追求，在没有完备的约束条件的情况下，数智赋能极易催生政党治理的实际效果背离预期目标的数字形式主义。

First, the problem of formalism in digital-intelligence-enabled party governance is prominently manifested in prioritizing the form of digital-intelligence over the substance of party governance, and emphasizing tool application over goal achievement, leading to a situation where the digital-intelligence reform of party governance work appears lively on the surface but has limited actual effect. Due to the high cost of applying digital-intelligence technology and the high demands on equipment and personnel, some local governments blindly launch projects and expand operations even when their own conditions are insufficient. This formalism not only fails to achieve the expected reform effects but also increases the burden at the grassroots level, interferes with normal Party affairs work, and harms the Party's image.

第一，数智赋能政党治理的形式主义问题突出表现在重数智化之形而轻政党治理之实、重工具应用而轻目标达成等方面，导致现实中政党治理工作的数智化改革表面上热热闹闹而实际效果有限。由于数智技术应用成本不菲且对设备、人员要求较高，一些地方政府在自身条件不足时仍盲目上项目、铺摊子，这种形式主义不仅无法达到预期改革效果，反而加重了基层负担、干扰了正常的党务工作、影响了党的形象。

Second, in the process of digital-intelligence-enabled party governance, relevant departments tend to use a large number of digital indicators to measure and evaluate the effectiveness of party governance work. However, these indicators often require extremely high precision and possess strong rigidity. Quantitative indicators with excessively high precision requirements easily lead to a lack of in-depth qualitative consideration of changes and complexity in actual situations, making it impossible to flexibly respond to the complex and ever-changing practical needs of party governance. Overly rigid indicators easily cause mechanization problems in organizational execution, potentially constraining Party organizations in practical operations and preventing the expected utility of digital-intelligence-enabled party governance from being fully realized. Some local Party organizations require digital "traces" [12]12 "Digital traces" (数字留痕) refers to the practice of requiring digital records or evidence for every step of Party work, often used as a rigid performance metric. in all Party affairs work and treat this as a hard indicator for business performance assessment, pursuing short-term visible results while neglecting long-term value.

第二，在数智赋能政党治理的过程中，相关部门倾向于大量运用数字指标衡量、评估政党治理工作的成效。然而，这些指标往往要求极高的精度、具有极强的刚度。而过高精度要求的量化指标容易导致对实际情况的变化和复杂性缺乏深入的质性考量，无法灵活应对复杂多变的政党治理实践需求；过强的刚性指标容易引起组织执行的机械化问题，导致党组织在实践操作中可能会受到束缚，使数智赋能政党治理的预期效用难以充分发挥。一些地方党组织会在党务工作中处处要求数字“留痕”，并将其作为一个硬性指标来进行业务工作考核，追求短期内的显性成果而忽视长远价值。

Third, from the perspective of the objects of empowerment, influenced by the inertia of traditional bureaucratic management, some Party organizations pursue rigid performance assessment and the reinforcing effect of digital-intelligence technology in their goals, exacerbating existing organizational formalism. For example, in recent years, some local Party organizations have heavily promoted point rankings on the "Xuexi Qiangguo" [13]13 "Xuexi Qiangguo" (学习强国, "Study the Strong Nation") is a mobile app and online platform launched by the CPC in 2019 to promote theoretical study and political education among Party members and the public. platform. The original purpose of using the Xuexi Qiangguo platform to promote online theoretical learning for Party members was to serve Party members' learning and growth, tempering Party spirit and improving quality. However, after introducing the "Xuexi Qiangguo" platform, some local Party organizations only looked at rankings without inquiring about learning outcomes, leading some Party members to study merely for points, which undoubtedly puts the cart before the horse.

第三，从赋能对象看，受传统科层化管理惯性的影响，一些党组织在目标上追求考核绩效刚性以及数智技术的强化作用，使既有的组织形式主义问题愈发突出。如，近些年，一些地方党组织在“学习强国”中大搞积分排名。运用学习强国平台推动党员在线理论学习，其原初目的是服务于党员学习与成长，锻炼党性、提升素养。但在引入“学习强国”平台后，一些地方党组织只看排名不问学习效果，导致一些党员为了积分而学习，无疑本末倒置。

In summary, under the influence of the expansion of instrumental rationality in digital-intelligence technology and the pursuit of rigid performance assessment by bureaucratic Party organizations, the problem of digital formalism is common in the practical process of digital-intelligence-enabled party governance, becoming a new obstacle restricting the effective advancement of party governance modernization.

总之，数智技术工具理性的扩张、科层化党组织在目标上追求考核绩效刚性影响下，在数智赋能政党治理实践进程中，数字形式主义问题屡见不鲜，成为制约政党治理现代化有效推进的新障碍。

IV. The Systematic Advancement Path of Digital-Intelligence-Enabled Modernization of Party Governance

四、数智赋能政党治理现代化的系统推进路

Complex adaptive systems theory breaks away from the single perspective of technological determinism and integrates the complex interactive relationship between technology and social systems. It not only provides a new systemic analytical framework for understanding digital-intelligence-enabled party governance but also offers a path reference for promoting the practice of "technology empowerment" from passive to active, and further advancing the modernization of party governance. In the digital era, to better utilize digital-intelligence technology to empower the realization of party governance modernization goals, comprehensive planning, systematic advancement, and efficient implementation are needed in practice.

复杂适应系统理论跳出了技术决定论的单一视角，整合了技术与社会系统的复杂交互关系，不仅为把握数智赋能政党治理提供了新的系统分析框架，也为推动“技术赋能”实践由被动走向能动、进一步推进政党治理现代化提供了路径参考。数字时代，为了更好利用数智技术赋能政党治理现代化目标的实现，在实践中需要综合谋划、系统推进、高效落实。

(I) Taking Modernization as the Guide, Advancing with the "Data" [14]14 "Advancing with the 'Data'" (与"数"俱进) is a pun on the common Chinese phrase "advancing with the times" (与时俱进), replacing "times" (时) with "data" (数) to emphasize adaptation to digitalization. to Promote the Adaptive Development of the Party Governance System

（一）以现代化为导向，与“数”俱进推动政党治理系统的适应性发展

Modernization is both the anticipated goal of a party governance system’s planning and development against a social material backdrop and the actual result of its complex adaptive evolutionary process; digital-intelligence empowerment serves as an important bridge for unifying the anticipated goal and the actual result. Modernization is a trend process that unifies the subjective and objective and involves multiple forms moving forward together. Similarly, digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of party governance includes not only the modernization of party organizations and their facilities at the material-instrumental level, but also the modernization of the party governance system at the institutional level, and, more importantly, the modernization of party governance concepts at the cultural level. On the cultural scale, advancing digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of party governance means that the party must achieve a “technology/culture” adjustment in its ideological concepts, thereby truly reaching the ideal expectation of digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of party governance. In the process of advancing digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of party governance, the party must realize a transformation in its ideological concepts, change its waiting-style, passive conservative thinking, and use internet thinking to advance the modernization of party governance in step with the “data” era. Internet thinking originates from the physical characteristics of digital-intelligence technology. If openness, interconnection, speed, and development are the physical characteristics of digital-intelligence technology, then the corresponding internet thinking means that the party can view and accept new digital-intelligence things with a more open and inclusive (rather than closed and conservative) mindset, actively connect to digital media, use interconnected (rather than unidirectional) thinking to closely digitize party-mass relations, adhere to the concept of rapid response (rather than passive reaction) to actively respond to the demands and challenges of digital society, and uphold the thinking of iterative development (rather than resting on its laurels) to continuously advance party self-building. Keeping pace with the times is a distinctive political quality and fine work style of the Communist Party of China. Specifically regarding digital-intelligence-enabled party governance, the party must closely monitor trends in technological development, embrace the social application of new technologies with an open and pragmatic attitude, drive its own transformation through technological innovation, and use digital-intelligence governance to assist good party governance. It can be foreseen that cutting-edge digital-intelligence technologies will continue to be updated and iterated, and correspondingly, the forms of digital-intelligence-enabled party governance will also continuously innovate and develop.

现代化既是政党治理系统在社会物质背景下规划发展的预期目标，也是其复杂适应性进化过程的实际结果，数智赋能则是实现预期目标与实际结果相统一的重要桥梁。现代化是一个主客观相统一、多态共赴的趋势过程。同样，数智赋能政党治理现代化既包括器物层面的政党组织及其设施的现代化，也包括制度层面的政党治理体系的现代化，更包括文化层面的政党治理理念的现代化。在文化尺度上，推进数智赋能政党治理现代化就意味着政党要在思想观念上实现“技术/文化”的调适，从而真正达致数智赋能政党治理现代化的理想预期。在推进数智赋能政党治理现代化进程中，政党要实现思想观念的转变，改变等待式、被动式的保守思维，运用互联网思维与“数”俱进地推进政党治理现代化。互联网思维源自数智技术的物理特征，如果说开放、互联、快捷、发展是数智技术的物理特征，那么，与其相对应的互联网思维就是政党能够以更开放包容（而不是封闭保守）的心态看待和接受数智新事物，积极接入数字媒介，以互联互通（而不是单向度）的思维密切数字化党群联系，能够坚持以快捷回应（而不是被动反应）的理念积极应对数字社会的要求与挑战，能够秉持迭代发展（而不是故步自封）的思维不断推进政党自身建设。与时俱进是中国共产党的鲜明政治品质和优良作风，具体到数智赋能政党治理方面，党要密切关注技术发展动向，以开放而务实的姿态迎接新技术的社会应用，以技术创新带动自身变革、以数智之治助力政党善治。可以预见，前沿的数智技术仍将不断更新迭代，与之相对应，数智赋能政党治理样态也会不断创新发展。

(II) Centered on Party-Mass Relations, Forge an Open and Interactive “Digital-Intelligence Bond” for the Party Governance System

（二）以党群关系为核心，打造政党治理系统开放交互的“数智纽带”

The modernization process of party governance as a complex adaptive system is driven not only by external material-technological environmental factors but also by the combined force of interactive pushes from social relational environmental factors. This means that while external technological empowerment conditions are important, at a deeper level they must serve the social goals of party governance. Among these, party-mass relations run through all aspects and the entire process of party governance and are the lifeblood of the party. Any change or development in party governance can only possess historical comprehensiveness if it is grounded in the value and subjectivity of being “people-centered.” The key to using digital-intelligence technology to empower the realization of party governance modernization lies in being adept at using advanced technology to achieve the goal of closely connecting party-mass relations to the greatest extent. This also means that while making good use of digital-intelligence technology, one must not blindly rely on technological tools; instead, the mass line must be implemented throughout the entire process of digital-intelligence technology application, so that advanced digital-intelligence technology truly becomes a “bond” capable of closely connecting party-mass relations. In practice, party organizations at all levels and of all types are encouraged to use various digital-intelligence media to extensively collect the opinions of the masses on party-building-led social governance, party affairs, and the daily management of party members, to seek advice from the people and ask about their needs, and to promptly transform the demands of the masses into more agile party service actions. At the same time, enrich the methods of digital-intelligence communication between the party and the masses. The diverse and continuously iterating and upgrading interactive application digital platforms provide not only diversified channels for the party’s propaganda work and mass work but also build new platforms for closely connecting party-mass relations. In the digital era, the party has increasingly convenient channels and resources for listening to public opinion, but having the ability to listen does not necessarily mean that opinions will be absorbed and put into practice. In fact, digital-intelligence-enabled party governance must fully value the growing number of online netizens and elevate the absorption of online public opinion to the height of innovating party-mass work. Traditionally, the party’s technique of treating the masses as a “homogeneous populace” through broad-brush irrigation will give way to more differentiated and personalized methods in the digital era; the party needs to actively connect to digital-intelligence party-mass communication channels. In practice, party members and cadres should clarify their own responsibilities, focus their work on solving practical problems and improving people’s livelihoods, rather than excessively pursuing digital-intelligence indicators. The party should use digital-intelligence technology to extensively conduct public opinion surveys, listen to opinions and suggestions from all sides, and form governance routes and policies that better align with the interests and actual needs of the people, thereby truly turning the work of digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of party governance into a “people’s heart project” recognized by party members, cadres, and the masses.

作为复杂适应系统的政党治理现代化进程，不仅受外部物质技术环境要素的驱动，还受社会关系环境要素交互推动的合力影响。这意味着，外部的技术赋能条件固然重要，但在深层次必须服务于政党治理的社会目标。其中，党群关系贯穿于政党治理的全过程各方面，是党的生命。政党治理的任何变革与发展，只有落脚于“以人民为中心”的价值性和主体性，才能具备历史的全面性。利用数智技术赋能以实现政党治理现代化，其关键在于要善于利用先进技术达到最大程度密切党群关系的目标。这也意味着在善用数智技术的同时，不能盲目依赖于技术工具，而是要将群众路线贯穿于数智技术应用的全过程，让先进的数智技术真正成为能够密切党群关系的“纽带”。在实践中，鼓励各级各类党组织通过应用各种数智化媒介，广泛收集人民群众对党建引领社会治理、党建事务、党员日常管理等方面的意见，问计于民、问需于民，及时将群众的诉求转化为更加敏捷的政党服务行动。同时，丰富党群数智化沟通方式。多种多样且不断迭代升级的互动应用数字平台，既为政党的宣传工作、群众工作提供了多元化渠道，也为密切党群关系搭建了新的平台。数字时代，政党拥有了越来越便捷的民意听取渠道资源，但有听的能力并不意味着意见一定会被吸收并付诸实践。事实上，数智赋能政党治理必须要充分重视日益庞大的网络民众，把吸纳网络民意置于创新党群工作的高度来推进。传统上政党将民众视为“同质化群众”的漫灌式技巧将让位于数字时代更加差异化和个性化的方法，政党需要积极接入数智化党群沟通渠道。在实践中，党员和干部应明确自身职责，将工作的重心放在解决实际问题、改善民生上，而不是过分追求数智化指标。政党应该利用数智技术，广泛开展民意调查，听取各方面的意见和建议，形成更加符合人民利益和实际需求的施政路线和政策，从而真正把数智赋能政党治理现代化工作打造成党员干部以及群众所认同的“民心工程”。

(III) With System Construction as a Guarantee, Establish and Improve the Institutional Ecology of Digital-Intelligence-Enabled Party Governance

（三）以体系建设为保障，建立健全数智赋能政党治理制度生态

According to complex adaptive systems theory, a social system’s use of external advanced technology to achieve its own structural transformation is conditional. Besides the practical basis and foundation of the technology itself, a supportive environment plays a crucial role. Institutional construction is the basic logic and necessary path for advancing the modernization of party governance. Therefore, establishing and improving a suitable institutional mechanism becomes the fundamental guarantee for better advancing digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of party governance. On the one hand, optimize the data integration and application mechanism for party governance. In practice, it is necessary to pay attention to the complexity and regionality of the party governance environment at different levels, adhere to the combination of initiative and standardization, clarify the work logic based on the differences in party governance situations, forms, and processes at each level, grasp the main aspect of the principal contradiction, and achieve the connection of platform systems at different levels and the integration of corresponding database resources, thereby enhancing the systematic nature of party governance data resources. At the same time, focus on the transformation and upgrading of organizational concepts. Party organizations at all levels should cultivate digital-intelligence thinking, establish the concept of agile governance, establish data-sharing mechanisms and resource integration mechanisms for party organizations at all levels, transmit pressure through institutions, strengthen the interconnection and intercommunication of major database resources, increase the construction intensity of party governance data storage systems and digital-intelligence decision-making and action support systems, promote resource sharing and effective utilization across regional functional divisions through institutional design, and solve the problems of data silos and governance inefficiency, thereby effectively improving the effectiveness and systematic nature of party governance work. On the other hand, establish and improve the data security guarantee mechanism for party governance. In the process of digital-intelligence-enabled party governance, problems such as inadequate data privacy protection and leakage of database resources occur from time to time. The fundamental reason is that the security mechanism for protecting party governance data resources is not in place. Therefore, first, strengthen the classified, graded, and zoned management of party governance data, conduct dynamic measurement and assessment of security risks, and adopt differentiated security control measures for different levels of data assets and security risks. Second, construct unified data security standards, including data standards, business standards, service standards, management standards, and security standards, to build an all-round, full-process security defense line. Finally, optimize the digital-intelligence party security governance mechanism, advance the overall planning for maintaining party governance digital resources, standardize the collection of big data resources by party and government organizations at all levels, shape the organizational structure of the data security system, supervise the operational process of the data security system, and effectively guard the security bottom line and defense line of digital-intelligence-enabled party governance.

根据复杂适应系统理论，社会系统利用外在先进技术实现自身结构性变革是有条件的，除了技术本身的现实依据和基础，支持性的环境在其中发挥着至关重要的作用。制度建设是推进政党治理现代化的基本逻辑和必由之路，由此，建立健全适配的体制机制就成为更好推进数智赋能政党治理现代化的根本性保障。一方面，优化政党治理数据整合应用机制。在实践中，需要重视不同层级政党治理环境的复杂性以及区域性，坚持能动性与标准化相结合，根据各层级政党治理情况、治理形式以及治理过程的差异，厘清工作逻辑，抓住主要矛盾的主要方面，实现不同层级平台系统的对接以及对应的数据库资源的融合，从而提升政党治理数据资源的系统性。同时，关注组织理念的转型升级。各层级党组织要培育数智化思维，树立敏捷治理理念，建立各层级党组织数据共享机制以及资源融合机制，基于制度传导压力，强化各大数据库资源的互通互融，提高政党治理数据储存系统、数智化决策和行动支持系统的建设力度，以制度设计推动区域条块间的资源共享和有效利用，破解数据壁垒、治理低效的难题，切实提高政党治理工作的实效性与系统性。另一方面，建立健全政党治理数据安全保障机制。在数智赋能政党治理过程中，数据隐私保护不到位、数据库资源泄露等问题时有发生，究其原因，主要是保护政党治理数据资源的安全机制不到位。因此，首先，要强化政党治理数据分类分级分域管理，对安全风险进行动态度量和评估，针对不同级别的数据资产和安全风险采取差异化的安全管控措施。其次，要建构统一的数据安全标准，包括数据标准、业务标准、服务标准、管理标准和安全标准等，构筑全方位、全路程的安全防线。最后，要优化数智化政党安全治理机制，推进维护政党治理数字资源的总体规划，规范各级党政组织大数据资源的采集，形塑数据安全系统的组织架构，监管数据安全系统的运行流程，切实守住数智赋能政党治理的安全底线与防线。

(IV) With Digital Literacy as Support, Strengthen the Cultivation of Smart Talents for Party Governance

（四）以数字素养为支撑，加强政党治理的智慧型人才培育

From a micro perspective, the dynamic adaptability of the Party governance system is aggregated from the capabilities of specific elemental systems. Capability is the manifestation of the application of subject literacy in practice; behind the process of digital-intelligence-enabled Party governance lies the cultivation and enhancement of the Party's own literacy. At the current stage, attention should be paid to building a team of digital-intelligent Party governance talents, with digital literacy as the support, solidly promoting the interconnection and integration of digital-intelligent technology and Party governance, and constructing a cultivation mechanism for a team of intelligent Party governance talents. Based on digital-intelligence-enabled modernization of Party governance, the prerequisite is to enhance the awareness of the key minority [18]18 The "key minority" (关键少数) refers to leading cadres at various levels, who are considered the crucial group for driving Party governance and policy implementation. of Party members and cadres regarding the importance of digital-intelligence enablement. Taking the strengthening of the digital-intelligent concept of Party governance as the foundation, on this basis, consolidate the foundation, establish the framework, and erect the beams, focusing on solving the "capability panic" [19]19 "Capability panic" (本领恐慌) is a term popularized by Mao Zedong, referring to a sense of anxiety or inadequacy about one's skills and knowledge in the face of new tasks or challenges. in Party governance. With the goal of strengthening the digital-intelligent application of Party governance subjects, conduct systematic education and training starting from the system structure, operational logic, and security protection of cutting-edge digital-intelligent technologies, effectively improving the "digital quotient" [20]20 "Digital quotient" (数商) is a neologism modeled on "IQ" or "EQ," referring to an individual's ability to understand, apply, and critically engage with digital technologies and data. and digital-intelligent technology application capabilities of Party members and cadres. Party members are the "cells" of the Party; the capability of a political party is the aggregate of the capabilities of all its members. Digital-intelligent technological conditions should also be embedded in the long-term and systematic project of Party member development, including using digital-intelligent technology to integrate Party member development resources, expand and optimize development means, etc., so that individual Party members can improve themselves and play an active role in the application of digital-intelligence. In addition, digital-intelligent technology helps break down time, space, and social barriers, more flexibly enhancing the participation of Party members in online services and governance, which is also a foundational task for leveraging the functions of Party members and even Party organizations. In an open and interconnected digital-intelligent cloud environment, the role of Party members should not be limited to their "local jurisdiction" role; with proficient mastery of digital-intelligent media applications, individual Party members will possess a more powerful set of networked functions. The expansion of functions at the individual level will undoubtedly accumulate and enhance the governance capability of the Party at the overall level.

从微观上看，政党治理系统的能动适应性是由具体的要素系统能力汇总而成。能力是主体素养在实践中的运用表现，数智赋能政党治理过程的背后就是政党本身的素养养成和提升过程。现阶段应当重视数智化政党治理人才队伍建设，以数字素养为支撑，扎实推进数智技术与政党治理互通互融，构造智慧型政党治理人才队伍培育机制。基于数智赋能政党治理现代化，其前提是提高党员干部这一关键少数对数智赋能重要性的认知。以强化政党治理数智化理念为地基，在此基础上夯基固本、立柱架梁，着力解决政党治理中的“本领恐慌”。以强化政党治理主体数智化应用为目标，从数智化前沿技术的体系结构、运行逻辑、安全防护等方面入手进行系统的教育培训，切实提升党员干部的“数商”与数智技术运用能力。党员是政党的“细胞”，一个政党的能力是其全体党员的能力集合。数智技术条件也要嵌入党员发展这项长期而系统的工程之中，包括利用数智技术整合党员发展资源、拓展和优化发展手段等，使党员个体能够在数智化适用中提升自我、发挥自己的积极作用。此外，数智技术有助于打破时间、空间及社会壁垒，更灵活地提升党员线上服务和治理的参与度，这也是发挥党员乃至政党组织功能的基础性工作。在开放互联的数智云环境下，党员的作用不应仅局限于“属地”的作用，在熟练掌握数智媒介应用的情况下，党员个体将拥有更强大的网络化功能集合，个体层面的功能拓展无疑将在整体意义上积累并提升政党的治理能力。

(The author is Vice Dean, Professor, and Master's Supervisor of the School of Marxism at Nantong University, and a researcher at the Nantong University Base of the Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.)

（作者系南通大学马克思主义学院副院长、教授、硕士生导师，江苏省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心南通大学基地研究员)

Online Editor: Ma Jingren

网络编辑：马京仁