The Focal Points for Advancing Party Building in Emerging Fields

With the development of the private economy, the establishment and improvement of the socialist market economy system, and the continuous progress of new technologies, the traditional economic and social spheres have differentiated and superimposed new economic spaces, new social spaces, and new cyberspaces, where the physical space and cyberspace intermingle, centered on new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups. At present, changes unseen in a century are accelerating globally. In the historical process of further deepening reform comprehensively and advancing Chinese-path modernization, these new spaces constitute both key platform carriers and important strategic spaces for promoting Chinese-path modernization, and they have become focal points for strengthening Party building in the New Era. Party building in emerging fields not only concerns the stability and sustainability of domestic economic and social development but also serves as an important indicator of the modernization level of a country's governance capacity.

随着民营经济的发展、社会主义市场经济体制的建 立和完善以及新技术的不断进步，在传统的经济与社会领域分化并叠加出现了以新经济组织、新社会组织、新就业群体等为核心的实体空间与网络空间相互交融的新经济空间、新社会空间以及新网络空间。当前，世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，在进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化建设的历史进程中，这些新空间既构成推进中国式现代化的关键平台载体和重要战略空间，又成为新时代加强党的建设的着力点。而新兴领域党的建设不仅关乎国内经济社会发展的稳定性与持续性，也成为衡量一个国家治理能力现代化水平的重要指标。

The Key to Ensuring the Private Economy Always Advances in the Correct Direction

民营经济始终沿着正确方向前进的关键所在

Since reform and opening up, China's private economy has experienced a period of rapid development and has become an important component of the socialist market economy. The Constitution of the People's Republic of China stipulates in its "General Principles": "The individual economy and the private economy within the limits prescribed by law are important components of the socialist market economy." In May 2012, the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC issued the "Opinions on Strengthening and Improving Party Building in Non-Public Enterprises (Trial)". This opinion, on the one hand, emphasizes that non-public enterprises are an important force in developing the socialist market economy; on the other hand, it clarifies the status and role of Party organizations in non-public enterprises, namely that Party organizations are the Party's battle fortresses within enterprises, playing a political core role among enterprise employees and the masses, and playing a political guiding role in enterprise development. At the same time, it puts forward the requirement to "strive to advance the coverage of Party organizations and Party work" for Party building in non-public enterprises, meaning that enterprises with conditions for establishing Party organizations should achieve full coverage of Party organizations; for enterprises that have not yet established Party organizations due to temporarily lacking conditions, effective coverage of Party work should be ensured.

改革开放以来，我国民营经济迎来高速发展期，成为社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分。《中华人民共和国宪法》在“总纲”中规定：“在法律规定范围内的个体经济、私营经济等非公有制经济，是社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分。”2012年5月，中共中央办公厅印发《关于加强和改进非公有制企业党的建设工作的意见（试行）》。该意见一方面强调非公有制企业是发展社会主义市场经济的重要力量，另一方面明确非公有制企业党组织的地位和作用，即党组织是党在企业中的战斗堡垒，在企业职工群众中发挥政治核心作用，在企业发展中发挥政治引领作用。同时，对非公有制企业党的建设提出“努力推进党的组织和工作覆盖”的要求，即具备建立党组织条件的企业应实现党的组织全面覆盖；对于因条件暂不具备而尚未建立党组织的企业，则应确保党的工作有效覆盖。

Subsequently, centering on the strategic theme of "advancing the coverage of Party organizations and Party work," the report to the 18th National Congress of the CPC stated: "We must implement the responsibility system for Party building, strengthen Party building in rural areas and urban communities, intensify efforts in Party building in non-public economic organizations and social organizations, comprehensively advance Party building at the grassroots level in all fields, expand the coverage of Party organizations and Party work, fully leverage the role of promoting development, serving the masses, uniting people's hearts, and fostering harmony, and use Party building at the grassroots level to drive the building of other types of grassroots organizations." The report to the 19th National Congress of the CPC stated the need to "innovate the setup and activity methods of Party organizations at the grassroots level, strengthen the building of the contingent of leaders of grassroots Party organizations, and expand the coverage of grassroots Party organizations." The report to the 20th National Congress of the CPC emphasized: "Strengthen Party building in new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups." The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, from the perspective of exploring effective ways to strengthen Party building in new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups, put forward more specific requirements for advancing the "two coverages" [1]1 The "two coverages" refer to the coverage of Party organizations and the coverage of Party work, as outlined in the text. of Party building in emerging fields in the New Era.

此后，围绕“推进党的组织和工作覆盖”这一战略主题，党的十八大报告提出：“要落实党建工作责任制，强化农村、城市社区党组织建设，加大非公有制经济组织、社会组织党建工作力度，全面推进各领域基层党建工作，扩大党组织和党的工作覆盖面，充分发挥推动发展、服务群众、凝聚人心、促进和谐的作用，以党的基层组织建设带动其他各类基层组织建设。”党的十九大报告提出，要“推进党的基层组织设置和活动方式创新，加强基层党组织带头人队伍建设，扩大基层党组织覆盖面”。党的二十大报告强调：“加强新经济组织、新社会组织、新就业群体党的建设。”党的二十届三中全会则从探索加强新经济组织、新社会组织、新就业群体党的建设有效途径的角度，对推进新时代新兴领域党的建设“两个覆盖”提出更具体的要求。

In February 2025, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized at a symposium on the private economy: "The basic principles and policies of the Party and the state regarding the development of the private economy have been incorporated into the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and will be consistently adhered to and implemented; they cannot and will not change. On the new journey of the New Era, the prospects for the development of the private economy are broad and promising, and it is precisely the right time for the vast number of private enterprises and private entrepreneurs to display their talents." On April 30, 2025, the 15th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress voted to pass the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Promotion of the Private Economy," further clarifying the status, role, and development principles of the private economy. On the new journey of the New Era, the private economy, as an important force in China's economic development, is flourishing at a new historical starting point. Strengthening Party building in emerging fields, especially in new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups, is the key to ensuring that the private economy always advances in the correct direction.

2025年2月，习近平总书记在民营企业座谈会上强调：“党和国家对民营经济发展的基本方针政策，已经纳入中国特色社会主义制度体系，将一以贯之坚持和落实，不能变，也不会变。新时代新征程民营经济发展前景广阔、大有可为，广大民营企业和民营企业家大显身手正当其时。”2025年4月30日，十四届全国人大常委会第十五次会议表决通过了《中华人民共和国民营经济促进法》，进一步明确了民营经济的地位、作用和发展方针。新时代新征程，民营经济作为我国经济发展的重要力量，正站在新的历史起点上蓬勃发展。而加强新兴领域，尤其是新经济组织、新社会组织、新就业群体党的建设，是确保民营经济始终沿着正确方向前进的关键所在。

Analysis of the Typical Characteristics of Emerging Fields

新兴领域的典型特征分析

During the era of the planned economy, due to the highly centralized and unified mode of resource allocation, the economic composition of the entire society had a single foundation, making it difficult to foster diversified economic and social organizational forms. After reform and opening up, market-oriented reforms, on the one hand, dismantled the foundations of the old planned economy system, prompting administrative power to relax its control over the economy and society, which directly promoted the rapid growth and vigorous development of the private economy; on the other hand, the diversification of market and social demands further drove the growth and expansion of market organizations and social organizations. The private economy has not only achieved remarkable results in industrial diversification, chain development, and conglomeration but has also undergone profound changes in employment structure, employment methods, and the composition of the employed workforce. The result has been a major transformation in the relationship between government, market, and society. The traditional phenomenon of "unit persons" [2]2 "Unit persons" (单位人) refers to individuals whose social identity, welfare, and life were almost entirely tied to their work unit (单位) under the planned economy system, a phenomenon that has gradually weakened since reform and opening up. constructed by the state-owned system and the work-unit system has gradually shifted to a phenomenon of "social persons" constructed by diverse economic components, giving rise to various new economic organizations and new social organizations.

计划经济时代，由于资源配置方式高度集中统一，整个社会的经济成分基础单一，难以催生多样化的经济与社会组织形态。改革开放后，以市场为导向的改革一方面瓦解了旧有计划经济体制的根基，推动行政权力放松对经济和社会的管控，这直接促进了民营经济的快速成长与蓬勃发展；另一方面市场和社会需求的多样化进一步推动了市场组织和社会组织的发展壮大。民营经济不仅在产业多元化、链条化与集团化等方面取得显著成就，而且在就业结构、就业方式以及就业人员构成等方 面发生深刻变化，其结果是引发政府—市场—社会关系的重大变革，传统由国有制和单位制构筑的“单位人”现象逐渐向多种经济成分构筑的“社会人”现象转变，各种新经济组织与新社会组织应运而生。

Entering the new century, especially since the second decade of the new century, new technologies represented by big data, blockchain, artificial intelligence, brain-computer interfaces, etc., have been continuously developed, applied, systemically integrated, and iteratively upgraded, promoting the generation, connection, and expansion of various new technology platform ecosystems. This combination of people, affairs, products, capital, data, resources, and ecological platforms, management, research and development, sales, and other elements through technology forms a new type of cyberspace and ecosystem that integrates production methods, sales methods, lifestyles, communication methods, organizational methods, and governance methods across industries, fields, levels, regions, and time. This has fundamentally changed traditional production methods and the ways interpersonal relationships are connected. The result is that, on the basis of new economic organizational forms and new social organizational forms, new employment methods and new employment groups have emerged.

进入新世纪尤其是新世纪第二个十年以来，以大数据、区块链、人工智能、脑机接口等为代表的新技术不断开发应用、系统集成与迭代升级，推动各种新技术平台生态系统的生成、链接与拓展。这种通过技术将人、事、产品、资本、数据、资源与生态平台、管理、研发、销售等要素组合在一起，形成集生产方式、销售方式、生活方式、传播方式、组织方式、治理方式于一体的跨产业、跨领域、跨层级、跨地区、跨时空的新型网络空间与生态体系，从根本上改变了传统的生产方式与人际关系连接方式。其结果是在新经济组织形态与新社会组织形态的基础上，衍生出新就业方式与新就业群体。

Currently, emerging fields exhibit the following four notable characteristics: First, the number of employees is growing rapidly, with high mobility and relatively weak job stability. With the continuous emergence of new economies, new technologies, new business forms, and new occupations, some new business forms rise quickly and disappear just as quickly, such as temporarily or short-term operated factories/stores. The number of related employees is not only growing rapidly but also highly mobile, with flexible employment methods, yet problems arise in the inability to synchronously implement social security services.

目前，新兴领域呈现出以下四个显著特点：其一，从业人员增长迅速，流动性强，工作稳定性较弱。随着新经济、新科技、新业态、新工种不断涌现，一些新业态兴起得快，消失得也快，如临时性或短期性运营的工厂/商店。相关从业人员不仅人数增长较快，而且流动性较强，就业方式灵活，但出现社会保障服务难以同步落实的问题。

Second, employees are highly dispersed, with a relatively high degree of individual atomization. Employees such as food delivery riders, ride-hailing drivers, and couriers have diverse backgrounds, significant age differences, and varied work experiences. Their workplaces are scattered, their working hours are irregular, and they lack close connections with each other, maintaining only network-based ties with the platform companies, agency companies, or outsourcing companies they work for. The relationships among multiple parties—employees, customers (including consumers and residents), manufacturers, agents, and regulatory authorities—constructed and solidified through the network are mainly maintained by platform service rules and contractual agreements, exhibiting clear dispersion and a sense of alienation.

其二，人员分散性较强，个体原子化程度较高。外卖骑手、网约车司机、快递员等从业人员成分较为复杂、年龄差异较大、工作经历各不相同，且工作地较为分散、工作时间不固定，相互之间缺乏紧密联系，仅与从业的平台公司或者代理公司、外包公司存在网络联系。经网络构建并固化的从业者、顾客（涵盖消费者与居民）、厂商、代理商、监管部门等多方主体之间的关系，主要依托于平台服务规则和合同契约来维系，呈现出明显的分散性与疏离感。

Third, labor intensity is relatively high, which can easily exacerbate tensions in labor-capital relations. New economic forms, such as the platform economy, are mainly supported by labor relations, labor-capital relations, and regulatory relations constructed through elements such as network platform systems, data, algorithms, service delivery time limits, marketing, and profit distribution methods. In this complex system jointly constructed by workers, consumers, capital owners, management, third parties (outsourcers), and regulators, workers are in a relatively weak position. For example, food delivery riders face work pressure and challenges brought by system algorithms. The likely result is not only sharp contradictions within economic organizations and between organizations and employees regarding rights protection but also tensions in relations with multiple parties such as third parties (outsourcing companies).

其三，劳动强度较大，容易加剧劳资关系紧张。平台经济等新型经济形态，主要依托网络平台系统、数据、算法、服务递送时限、营销、利润分配方式等要素所建构的劳动关系、劳资关系、监管关系等予以支撑。这种由劳动者、消费者、资方、管理方、第三方（外包方）、监管者等共同构筑的复杂系统中，劳动者处于相对弱势的地位，如外卖骑手面临系统算法带来的工作压力与挑战等。其容易导致的结果是，不仅经济组织内部之间以及组织与员工权利保障之间存在尖锐矛盾，而且与第三方（外包公司）等多方主体之间的关系处于紧张状态。

Fourth, the risk of social conflict is relatively prominent, with significant spillover effects. New economic forms such as the platform economy have the typical characteristic of being closely linked to the daily lives of the people, and this linkage is mainly reflected in the field of life services. The daily-life products and services they provide have business scenarios widely distributed across streets and alleys, community corridors, office spaces, and family residences. This relationship network, built on internet platforms and involving multiple subjects such as practitioners, consumers, management parties, third parties (outsourcers), regulators, and community residents, has broken through the simple tripartite relationship structure of traditional producers, sellers, and consumers, forming a complex system of multi-subject interactive relationships and producing significant service spillover effects. This intensifies pressures on maintaining community safety and order, managing street traffic order, and coordinating interpersonal relationship order, thereby bringing more complex challenges to the benign construction of government-market-society-resident (consumer) relations.

其四，社会冲突风险较为突出，外溢效应显著。平台经济等新型经济形态具有与民众日常生活紧密关联的典型特征，且其关联性更多体现在生活服务领域。其所提供的日常生活产品与服务，业务场景广泛分布于大街小巷、社区楼道、办公场所以及家庭住所等。这种依托网络平台构建的从业者、消费者、管理方、第三方（外包方）、监管者、社区居民等多方主体之间的关系网络，已突破传统生产商—销售商—消费者三者的简单关系架构，形成错综复杂的多方主体互动关系体系，并产生显著的服务外溢效应。这加剧小区安全秩序维护、街区交通秩序管理，以及人际关系秩序协调等方面的压力，进而为政府—市场—社会—居民（消费者）关系的良性建构带来更为复杂的挑战。

Main Focal Points for Party Building in Emerging Fields

新兴领域党的建设的主要着力点

Currently, new economies, new technologies, new techniques, and new business forms have given rise to new economic forms with unique operational logics and value creation models. The new employment methods and new employment groups that accompany them together constitute the core elements of emerging market fields, emerging social governance fields, and emerging network governance fields. This poses severe challenges to many aspects such as government governance, urban governance, social governance, community governance, and network governance. On the one hand, timely and effective governance means are needed to deal with the endless emergence of new phenomena and new problems, guarding against the appearance of “management vacuums” or “management blank spots.” On the other hand, there is an urgent need to construct new governance structures, governance platforms, and governance mechanisms, and to form a set of institutional systems and mechanisms that promote broad participation, consultation, cooperation, and shared prosperity among multiple subjects.

当前，新经济、新科技、新技术、新业态等催生出具有独特运行逻辑与价值创造模式的新型经济形态。与之相伴而生的新就业方式与新就业群体，共同构成新兴市场领域、新兴社会治理领域以及新兴网络治理领域的核心要素。这对政府治理、城市治理、社会治理、社区治理、网络治理等诸多方面，均提出严峻挑战。一方面，需要具备及时有效的治理手段来应对层出不穷的新现象、新问题，谨防出现“管理真空”或者“管理空白点”；另一方面，亟待构建新的治理架构、治理平台与治理机制，并形成一套促使多方主体广泛参与、协商、合作、共荣的体制机制与制度体系。

In view of this, various localities have, by advancing the coverage of Party organizations and Party work, deeply embedded Party organizational construction into new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups, creating new forms such as community-level Party building, regionalized Party building, and networked Party building. At the same time, through the responsibility system for Party building work, they have constructed a new pattern of Party-building-led grassroots governance work that is compatible with the development scale of new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups, matches the development situation of the Party member contingent, aligns with the fulfillment of social responsibilities by various market entities, social entities, and cyberspace entities, and is coordinated with the implementation of the Party’s line, principles, and policies. Through the method of full Party organization coverage “reaching vertically to the bottom and horizontally to the edges,” they have achieved significant accomplishments in Party building in emerging fields. The results of the Ninth National Survey on the Situation of the National Workforce show that the total number of workers nationwide is approximately 402 million, of whom 84 million are workers in new forms of employment, accounting for 21% of the total workforce. Article 2 of the “Guidelines on the Protection of Rest and Labor Remuneration Rights and Interests for Workers in New Forms of Employment” issued by the General Office of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security defines: “The workers in new forms of employment referred to in these Guidelines mainly refer to workers who receive work tasks such as delivery, travel, transportation, and domestic services released by internet platforms online, provide platform-based online appointment services according to platform requirements, and obtain labor remuneration through labor. The enterprises referred to in these Guidelines refer to platform enterprises and platform labor cooperation enterprises.” Workers in new forms of employment who rely on internet platforms to carry out online-offline integrated services are a concentrated manifestation of new technologies driving economic and social transformation and cyberspace development. This change has fundamentally reshaped the Party building landscape in traditional economic and social fields. Thus, effectively advancing Party building in emerging fields in the New Era has become an important issue that urgently needs to be addressed. In the current period and for some time to come, the following work should be emphasized.

有鉴于此，各地纷纷通过推进党的组织和工作覆盖，将党的组织建设深度嵌入新经济组织、新社会组织、新就业群体之中，创造诸如社区党建、区域化党建、网络化党建等新形式。同时，借助党建工作责任制，构建起与新经济组织、新社会组织、新就业群体发展规模相适应，与党员队伍发展状况相匹配，与各类市场主体、社会主体、网络空间主体履行社会责任情况相契合，以及与党的路线方针政策落实情况相配套的党建引领基层治理工作新格局，并通过“纵向到底、横向到边”的党组织全覆盖方式，取得了新兴领域党建工作的显著成就。第九次全国职工队伍状况调查结果显示，全国职工总数4.02亿人左右，其中新就业形态劳动者达8400万人，占职工总数的21%。人力资源社会保障部办公厅印发的《新就业形态劳动者休息和劳动报酬权益保障指引》第二条界定，“本指引所称新就业形态劳动者，主要指线上接受互联网平台发布的配送、出行、运输、家政服务等工作任务，按照平台要求提供平台网约服务，通过劳动获取劳动报酬的劳动者。本指引所称企业是指平台企业和平台用工合作企业”。依托互联网平台，开展线上线下融合服务的新就业形态劳动者，是新技术推动经济社会转型与网络空间发展的集中体现，这一变化从根本上重塑了传统经济与社会领域的党建格局。由此，新时代有效推进新兴领域党的建设，成为亟待解决的重要课题。当前和今后一个时期，应着重做好以下工作。

Adhere to the fundamental principle of Party building leading governance in emerging fields, keenly grasp the development trends of new economies, new technologies, new techniques, and new business forms, and especially recognize that the new economic forms shaped by their mutual integration and systemic synthesis have become new spaces and new driving forces for economic and social development. Based on this, incorporate new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups as a whole into the scope of Party building in emerging fields, and organically integrate the community-level Party building model, regionalized Party building model, and grid-based Party building model that have been in operation for many years in practice. Keep pace with the times by expanding the Party building work for “two new” organizations [3]3 “Two new” organizations (两新组织) refers to new economic organizations and new social organizations, a standard abbreviation in Chinese Party-building discourse. into strengthening Party building work for new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups in the New Era, ensuring that they can always feel the care and guidance of the Party organization.

坚持党建引领新兴领域治理的根本原则，敏锐把握新经济、新科技、新技术、新业态的发展趋势，尤其要认识到它们相互融合、系统集成所型构的新型经济形态，已成为经济社会发展的新空间与新动力。基于此，将新经济组织、新社会组织、新就业群体整体纳入新兴领域党的建设范畴，并对实践中业已运行多年的社区党建模式、区域化党建模式与网格化党建模式进行有机整合，与时俱进地将“两新”组织党建工作拓展为新时代加强新经济组织、新社会组织、新就业群体党建工作，确保其始终能感受到党组织的关怀与引领。

Precisely grasp the new characteristics of the construction of the Party’s organizational system in the digital age, closely combine the typical traits of Party building in emerging fields, deepen the understanding and practice of the concept of Party building leadership, and then innovatively target the work model for Party building in emerging fields. In this process, efforts must be made both to strengthen the construction of offline physical Party organizational systems and consolidate the organizational foundation, and to attach great importance to the construction of online Party organizational systems, conforming to the development trends of the times. Through unified planning and coordinated advancement, achieve the organic integration of online and offline Party organizational system construction, building an overall pattern of Party organizational system construction where online and offline are deeply interwoven and physical entities and networks are tightly nested.

精准把握数字化时代党的组织体系建设的新特点，紧密结合新兴领域党的建设的典型特质，深化对党建引领理念的认知与实践，进而有针对性地创新新兴领域党建工作模式。在此过程中，既要着力强化线下实体党的组织体系建设，夯实组织基础；又要高度重视线上党的组织体系建设，顺应时代发展趋势。通过统筹谋划、协同推进，实现线上线下党的组织体系建设的有机融合，构建起线上线下深度交融、实体与网络紧密嵌套的党的组织体系建设整体格局。

Organization is the “intermediary form between theory and practice,” and modern political party organizations have become “the main actors in the activities of the modern economic system and political system,” mainly reflected in three aspects: First, the Party’s organizational system is the carrier and intermediary of the Party’s leadership system and work system. The organic combination of the institutional system, organizational system, and work system is the fundamental guarantee for upholding the Party’s leadership. Second, the Party’s organizational system is the carrier and bridge integrating the Party’s line, principles, and policies with the construction of the cadre contingent and the broad masses of the people. It is a powerful weapon for organically combining the Party’s line, principles, and policies with organizations and people. Third, the Party’s organizational system is the carrier and bond organically combining construction forces, resources, and other elements from various aspects. It is a concrete path for organically combining the Party’s political ideals with national and social development goals and the people’s pursuit of a better life. In the digital age, technology empowers the construction of scenes on various network platform spaces, changing the operational form of existing physical organizations, expanding their modes of existence, and forming an operational state where physical organizations and network organizations coexist and intermingle. This enormous change has brought unprecedented impacts on the operational forms and methods of traditional government organizations, political party organizations, market organizations, and social organizations, as well as on people’s ways of survival, life, and work. The goals and tasks upheld by these organizations and groups will inevitably require adaptive transformation. At the same time, the resource allocation models, human resource deployment mechanisms, transaction processing procedures, organizational governance systems, and value pursuit orientations constructed around organizational goals and tasks will also undergo strategic restructuring and functional reshaping. These major changes, reflected in the construction of the Party’s organizational system in emerging fields, require, on the one hand, continuously strengthening the construction of the Party’s organizational system and extending Party organizations and Party work to cover emerging fields. For example, constructing various types of online Party building platforms, online deliberation and consultation platforms, and extending them to new employment groups, such as various online mini-programs and online service terminals. On the other hand, targeting the new characteristics and new demands of emerging fields, comprehensively utilize various means such as building network platforms, conducting online communication, and implementing online services to construct a new form of grid-based governance with Party building leadership as the core, implementing all-round service provision, whole-process management coverage, and round-the-clock response guarantees. For example, creating 24-hour online convenience service platforms for handling affairs that meet the needs of new employment groups, opening midnight service hotlines, and other specific measures. Through the above methods, form a complete pattern of Party organizational system construction where online and offline are deeply interwoven and physical organizations and network organizations are tightly nested.

组织是“理论与实践之间的中介形式”，现代政党组织已成为“现代经济体系与政治体系活动中的主要角色”，主要体现在三个方面：其一，党的组织体系是党的领导制度体系与工作体系的载体与中介，制度体系、组织体系与工作体系的有机结合，是坚持党的领导的根本保障。其二，党的组织体系是统合党的路线方针政策与干部队伍建设、广大人民群众的载体与桥梁，是将党的路线方针政策与组织、人有机结合的有力武器。其三，党的组织体系是将各方面建设力量、资源等有机结合的载体与纽带，是将党的政治理想与国家、社会发展目标以及人民对美好生活的追求有机结合的具体路径。在数字化时代，技术赋能各类网络平台空间的场景构建，改变了既有实体组织的运行形态，拓展了其存在形式，形成了实体组织与网络组织交融并行的运作状态。这一巨大变化对传统政府组织、政党组织、市场组织、社会组织等的运作形态与方式，乃至人的生存、生活与工作方式都带来前所未有的冲击。这些组织与群体所秉持的目标及承担的任务，必然需要作出适应性转型。与此同时，围绕组织目标与任务所构建的资源配置模式、人力调配机制、事务处置流程、组织治理体系以及价值追求导向等，亦将发生战略性重组与功能性重塑。这些重大变化反映在新兴领域党的组织体系建设上，一方面要持续强化党的组织体系建设，将党的组织和工作覆盖到新兴领域。例如，构建各类网络党建平台、网络议事协商平台，并延伸至新就业群体，如各种网络小程序、网络服务终端等。另一方面要针对新兴领域的新特点与新需求，综合运用搭建网络平台、开展网络沟通、实施网络服务等多种手段，构建以党建引领为核心的网格化治理新形态，实行全方位服务供给、全过程管理覆盖以及全天候回应保障。例如，打造契合新就业群体需求的24小时网络便民办事服务平台、开通午夜服务热线等具体举措。通过上述方式，形成线上线下深度交融、实体组织与网络组织紧密嵌套的党的组织体系建设完整格局。

By implementing a responsibility system for Party building work, building online platforms for participation and consultation, and advancing emotional governance, we can innovate long-term mechanisms for effective coverage of Party organizations in emerging fields, forming a complete set of practical, effective, and heartwarming measures and means. Specifically, first, starting from strengthening the political and organizational functions of Party organizations, incorporate Party building work in emerging fields into the annual central work scope of Party committees at all levels and relevant departments, forming an institutionalized research and advancement mechanism to ensure the effective operation of the Party building work responsibility system. At the beginning of each year, emerging-field Party building work can be placed on the major agenda of Party committees and relevant departments, to study and judge development trends in emerging fields and the actual needs of new employment groups, providing practical and feasible solutions and advancement measures; at the end of each year, the effectiveness of emerging-field Party building work can be assessed, analyzing existing problems and their causes, adjusting and laying out the focus and direction of Party building work for the next year, eliminating phenomena such as “important when spoken of, secondary when acted upon, and ignored when busy.” [4]4 “Important when spoken of, secondary when acted upon, and ignored when busy” (说起来重要，做起来次要，忙起来不要) is a colloquial Chinese expression criticizing the tendency to give lip service to a task while neglecting it in practice.

通过实行党建工作责任制、搭建参与协商网络平台和推进情感治理等方式，创新新兴领域党组织有效覆盖的长效机制，形成一整套实用、管用且温暖人心的措施和手段。具体而言，其一，从增强党组织政治功能和组织功能出发，将新兴领域党的建设工作纳入各级党委和相关部门的年度中心工作范畴，形成制度化研究与推进机制，确保党建工作责任制有效运转。每年年初，可以将新兴领域党建工作列入党委和相关部门的重大议事日程，研判新兴领域发展趋势及新就业群体实际需求，提供切实可行的解决方案与推进措施；每年年末，可以对新兴领域党建工作的成效进行评估，分析存在的问题及成因，调整和布局下一年度党建工作的重点和方向，杜绝“说起来重要，做起来次要，忙起来不要”等现象。

Second, starting from strengthening the practical effectiveness of Party building work in emerging fields, shift the focus of Party building work from the past emphasis on comprehensive coverage of Party organizations in emerging fields to an emphasis on effective coverage of Party organizations in emerging fields. In particular, according to the work characteristics of various economic organization entities, social organization entities, cyberspace entities, and employment groups in emerging fields, build multi-level, multi-type online consultation and deliberation platforms, enabling multiple entities to participate nearby, at any time, and at random, organically unifying the actual needs of multiple entities with the development needs of online platform space entities, as well as the leadership and care of the Party and government for emerging fields, promoting the transformation of Party building work in emerging fields into a powerful force that leads all entities to move in the same direction and work with one heart and one mind.

其二，从强化新兴领域党建工作实效出发，将党建工作重点从过去的重视新兴领域党组织的全面覆盖，向重视新兴领域党组织的有效覆盖转变，尤其要根据新兴领域各经济组织主体、各社会组织主体、各网络空间主体以及各就业群体的工作特点，搭建多层次、多类型的网络议事协商平台，让多方主体能够就近、随时、随机参与，将多方主体的实际需求与网络平台空间主体的发展需求，以及党和政府对新兴领域的引领和关心有机统一，推动新兴领域党的建设工作转化成引领各主体相向而行、同心协力的强大力量。

Third, starting from creating a harmonious cultural atmosphere of stability and unity, organically combine “doing the work of the organization” with “doing the work of people,” focusing on unifying the form, content, emotion, and performance of Party building in emerging fields, with particular attention to the living needs, cultural needs, and spiritual needs of new employment groups. For example, pay attention to the material needs of new employment groups such as normal receipt of wages, social security, and medical services, as well as living and cultural needs such as renting housing and making friends; pay attention to the financing needs, career development needs, and business exchange needs of new economic organizations and new social organizations. Integrate the sense of career achievement, material satisfaction, life security, emotional fulfillment, and psychological gain throughout the entire process of Party building in emerging fields. At the same time, use online platforms for emotional connection and communication, focusing not only on the interaction of needs from offline to online but also on the emotional connection of returning from online to real offline life, organically unifying the ideological leadership, care, and love of the Party and government for various organizational entities and employment groups in emerging fields with the development and growth of various organizations in emerging fields and the peaceful and contented lives of various groups, accelerating the formation of a joint development pattern of “moving in the same direction and working with one heart and one mind” for Party building in emerging fields.

其三，从缔造安定团结的和谐文化氛围出发，将“做组织的工作”与“做人的工作”有机结合，注重将新兴领域党的建设的形式、内容、情感与绩效四者统一，尤其关注新就业群体的生活需求、文化需求与精神需求。例如，关注新就业群体的工资正常领取、社保与医疗服务等物质需求，以及租房、交友等生活与文化需求；关注新经济组织与新社会组织的融资需求、事业发展需求、业务交流需求等。把事业成就感、物质满足感、生活安全感、情感充实感与心理获得感等，贯穿于新兴领域党的建设全过程。同时，利用网络平台进行情感连接与沟通，既注重线下到线上的需求互动，又注重线上回归线下真实生活的情感连接，将党和政府对新兴领域各组织主体与就业群体的思想引领、关心爱护，同新兴领域各组织的发展壮大、各群体的安居乐业有机统一，加快形成新兴领域党的建设“相向而行、同心协力”的合力发展格局。

(The author is a professor and doctoral supervisor at the School of International Relations and Public Affairs, Fudan University, and a member of the Academic Committee of the Research Center for Urbanization with Chinese Characteristics, Soochow University)

（作者系复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院教授、博导，苏州大学中国特色城镇化研究中心学术委员会委员）

Online editor: Ma Jingren

网络编辑：马京仁