Advancing the “Two Integrations” to Consolidate Cultural Subjectivity

In the process of advancing the great cause of building a strong country and realizing national rejuvenation, General Secretary Xi Jinping has placed the promotion of cultural prosperity and the building of a strong culture in a prominent position in governance. Centering on advancing the “Two Integrations” and consolidating cultural subjectivity, he has put forward a series of new ideas, new viewpoints, and new judgments, and has made a series of scientific plans and strategic deployments. General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important expositions profoundly reveal the dialectical and unified relationship between the “Two Integrations” and cultural subjectivity, pointing the way forward and providing practical guidance for us to do a good job of advancing the “Two Integrations” and fulfilling the responsibility of consolidating cultural subjectivity on the new journey of the New Era.

在推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业进程中，习近平总书记把推动文化繁荣、建设文化强国摆在治国理政突出位置，围绕推进“两个结合”、巩固文化主体性，提出一系列新思想新观点新论断，作出一系列科学规划和战略部署。习近平总书记的重要论述深刻揭示“两个结合”与文化主体性的辩证统一关系，为我们在新时代新征程上做好“两个结合”推进工作、履行文化主体性巩固职责，指明了前进方向、提供了实践遵循。

I. The “Two Integrations” Are the Fundamental Pathway for Establishing Cultural Subjectivity

一、“两个结合”是建立文化主体性的根本途径

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Why is our socialism different? Why can it be vigorous and full of vitality? The key lies in Chinese characteristics. The key to Chinese characteristics lies in the ‘Two Integrations.’” [1]1 Xi Jinping, “Speech at a Group Study Session of the Political Bureau of the 20th CPC Central Committee,” October 28, 2023. The “Two Integrations” are our greatest magic weapon for achieving success. Thanks to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the best of traditional Chinese culture, our Party, in its more than one hundred years of struggle, has adhered to the guidance of scientific theory, based itself on China’s national conditions and realities, inherited China’s history and culture, and bravely explored development paths. This has not only enabled the Chinese people to completely shake off the exploitation and oppression of imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucratic capitalism, but has also enabled the Chinese nation to usher in a great leap from standing up and growing rich to becoming strong on the socialist path. History and reality have repeatedly proven that, in opening up and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics on the deep foundation of more than five thousand years of Chinese civilization, integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the best of traditional Chinese culture is the only way.

习近平总书记指出：“我们的社会主义为什么不一样？为什么能够生机勃勃、充满活力？关键就在于中国特色。中国特色的关键就在于‘两个结合’。”“两个结合”是我们取得成功的最大法宝。得益于把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际、同中华优秀传统文化相结合，我们党在一百多年的奋斗历程中，坚持科学理论指导，立足中国国情实际，传承中华历史文化，勇于探索发展道路，既使中国人民彻底摆脱了帝国主义、封建主义、官僚资本主义的剥削压迫，更使中华民族在社会主义道路上迎来了从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃。历史和现实反复证明，在五千多年中华文明深厚基础上开辟和发展中国特色社会主义，把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际、同中华优秀传统文化相结合是必由之路。

Under new historical conditions, building a new culture and establishing cultural subjectivity is a major mission entrusted to the Communist Party of China by the Chinese nation. Cultural subjectivity is an important attribute of culture, a sufficient basis for a culture to play a leading role and guiding function. Chinese civilization is a civilization with outstanding continuity. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “Chinese civilization is the only great civilization in the world that has continued uninterrupted and developed in the form of a state to this day. This fully proves that Chinese civilization has the cultural subjectivity and vigorous vitality to develop itself, respond to challenges, and create new situations.” [2]2 Xi Jinping, “Speech at a Symposium on Cultural Heritage,” June 2, 2023. After entering modern society, China gradually became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The country endured humiliation, the people suffered, and civilization was tarnished. The Chinese nation suffered unprecedented calamities. However, the more it encountered difficulties and challenges, the more the Chinese nation and Chinese civilization became braver in the face of adversity, inspiring a vigorous developmental force. Guided by Marxist theory, in the process of integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the best of traditional Chinese culture, the Communist Party of China took on the national responsibility of saving the nation from subjugation and ensuring its survival. With the decisiveness and courage of propping up a building about to collapse, it embarked on a new journey of establishing a new society, opening a new path, building a new culture, and establishing cultural subjectivity.

在新的历史条件下建设新文化、建立文化主体性，是中华民族赋予中国共产党的重大使命。文化主体性是文化的重要属性，是一种文化能够发挥主导作用和引领功能的充分根据。中华文明是具有突出连续性的文明。习近平总书记强调：“中华文明是世界上唯一绵延不断且以国家形态发展至今的伟大文明。这充分证明了中华文明具有自我发展、回应挑战、开创新局的文化主体性与旺盛生命力。”自进入近代社会之后，中国逐步成为半殖民地半封建社会，国家蒙辱、人民蒙难、文明蒙尘，中华民族遭受了前所未有的劫难。但是，越在遭遇困难挑战的时刻，中华民族和中华文明反而越挫越勇，更加激发出蓬勃的发展伟力。中国共产党以马克思主义理论为指导，在把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际、同中华优秀传统文化相结合过程中，担负起救亡图存的民族重任，以扶大厦之将倾的果敢与勇毅，踏上了建立新社会、开启新道路，建设新文化、建立文化主体性的新征程。

The Communist Party of China explored and advanced the “Two Integrations,” realizing the historical mission of establishing cultural subjectivity on a socialist basis. Establishing cultural subjectivity is synchronized with finding the correct path suitable for the nation’s development direction, and is integrated with building the new culture needed by the Chinese nation. Exploring the direction and path of social development, and establishing a new cultural form and its subjectivity, are precisely the goal pursuit and dynamic force of the “Two Integrations.” Establishing cultural subjectivity inevitably requires a completely new creation and thorough revolution of old ideas, concepts, and cultural forms, from content to form. Its thoroughness lies in the fact that it must not only enable the Chinese nation, which has suffered long-term hardships since modern times, to leap from feudal society and semi-colonial and semi-feudal society to a new socialist society, but also, on this basis, establish a “national, scientific, and mass” new culture that meets practical needs and the people’s requirements. [3]3 “National, scientific, and mass” is the formulation for the new-democratic culture proposed by Mao Zedong in *On New Democracy* (1940). Such a new culture must inevitably be one that, under the guidance of Marxism since modern times, in the practice of China’s revolution, construction, and reform, has been created and condensed through repeated tempering; it must be one that has grown up in the new socialist soil, been tested by practice, and fully proven; it must inevitably be an advanced socialist culture that meets practical needs, a socialist culture with Chinese characteristics based on new social practice. This process of creating a new culture and establishing cultural subjectivity is closely linked and intimately connected with the exploration and advancement of the “Two Integrations.” Our Party, in establishing the socialist system, building a socialist culture, and establishing cultural subjectivity, has achieved organic unity and joint enhancement in the process of exploring and advancing the “Two Integrations.”

中国共产党探索推进“两个结合”，在社会主义基础上实现了建立文化主体性的历史使命。建立文化主体性，与寻找适合民族发展方向的正确道路是同步的，与建设中华民族所需要的新文化是一体的。探索社会发展方向和道路，建立文化新形态及其主体性，恰是“两个结合”的目标追求和动能力量。建立文化主体性，必然要对旧有的思想观念和文化形态，进行一次从内容到形式的全新创造和彻底革命。其彻底性在于，不仅要使近代以来久经磨难的中华民族从封建社会、半殖民地半封建社会跃迁至新的社会主义社会，还要以此为基础建立起合乎现实需要与人民要求的“民族的科学的大众的”新文化。这样的新文化，必然是近代以来在马克思主义指导下、在中国革命建设改革实践中、历经千锤百炼而创造凝聚起来的，是在崭新的社会主义土壤中成长起来、经实践检验并被充分证明了的；必然是合乎现实需要的社会主义先进文化，是立足新的社会实践基础上的中国特色社会主义文化。这样一个创造新文化、建立文化主体性的过程，与“两个结合”的探索推进紧密相连、息息相关。我们党建立社会主义制度，建设社会主义文化，建立文化主体性，在探索推进“两个结合”进程中实现了有机统一与联袂提升。

The cultural subjectivity of the Chinese nation was established on Chinese soil by the Communist Party of China leading the Chinese people; it was established on the basis of creatively transforming and innovatively developing the best of traditional Chinese culture, inheriting revolutionary culture, developing advanced socialist culture, and drawing on and absorbing all outstanding achievements of human civilization; it was established through integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the best of traditional Chinese culture. The new culture and cultural subjectivity established through the “Two Integrations” do not sever historical and cultural traditions, nor do they exclude foreign cultural achievements; on the contrary, they fully absorb the excellent elements of traditional culture, striving to achieve a historic leap from tradition to modernity; they fully draw on the strengths of all foreign cultures and the outstanding achievements of human civilization, striving to achieve a localization transformation from the external to the internal. The great practice of constructing cultural subjectivity through the “Two Integrations” signifies the tremendous historical changes that have taken place in Chinese society, signifies the leap of the Chinese nation into a brand-new socialist society, and signifies the earth-shaking change in the destiny of the Chinese people.

中华民族的文化主体性是中国共产党带领中国人民在中国大地上建立起来的；是在创造性转化、创新性发展中华优秀传统文化，继承革命文化，发展社会主义先进文化的基础上，借鉴吸收人类一切优秀文明成果的基础上建立起来的；是通过把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际、同中华优秀传统文化相结合建立起来的。在“两个结合”中建立起的新文化和文化主体性，不是割断历史文化传统，不是排斥外来文化成果；相反，是充分汲取传统文化中的优秀成分，着力实现从传统到现代的历史性跨越；是充分借鉴一切外来文化优长和人类文明优秀成果，着力实现由外在向内在的本土化转变。以“两个结合”构建文化主体性的伟大实践，表征着中国社会发生的巨大历史变迁，表征着中华民族跃至崭新的社会主义社会，表征着中国人民实现了翻天覆地的命运改变。

II. Advancing the “Two Integrations” Is a Reliable Guarantee for Consolidating Cultural Subjectivity

二、推进“两个结合”是巩固文化主体性的可靠保障

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “For any culture to stand firm and go far, to have leading power, cohesive power, shaping power, and radiating power, it must have its own subjectivity.” [4]4 Xi Jinping, “Speech at a Symposium on Cultural Heritage,” June 2, 2023. A culture that has acquired the attribute of “subjectivity” is powerful, but maintaining and consolidating its subjective status requires uninterrupted cultivation and maintenance. The establishment of cultural subjectivity is not achieved overnight; the consolidation of cultural subjectivity likewise requires sustained and unremitting effort. Consolidating cultural subjectivity is a basic task of cultural construction, and advancing the “Two Integrations” is a reliable guarantee for consolidating cultural subjectivity. Our Party relied on the “Two Integrations” to establish cultural subjectivity; it likewise relies on the “Two Integrations” to further consolidate cultural subjectivity.

习近平总书记指出：“任何文化要立得住、行得远，要有引领力、凝聚力、塑造力、辐射力，就必须有自己的主体性。”获得“主体性”属性的文化是有力量的，但其主体性地位的保持和巩固，却需要进行不间断的培育与养护。文化主体性的确立，不是一朝一夕之功；文化主体性的巩固，同样需要持久不息的努力。巩固文化主体性是文化建设的基本任务，推进“两个结合”是巩固文化主体性的可靠保障。我们党建立文化主体性，依靠“两个结合”；进一步巩固文化主体性，同样依靠“两个结合”。

Advancing the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities lays a path foundation and opens up a forward path for consolidating cultural subjectivity. The integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities is the integration of theory and practice, allowing scientific theory to enter the process of practice, enabling scientific theory to play a guiding role and be tested in practice. The goal pursuit of realizing this integration is to solve the problem of the development path for China’s revolution, construction, and reform, to broaden the direction and approach of career development on the correct path, and on this basis to further advance the adaptation of Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. If the “First Integration” is handled well, China’s socialist cause will have a fundamental guarantee, which can not only ensure the healthy development of the economy and society but also provide scientific guidance for the superstructure, including culture. The foundation of culture and cultural subjectivity is deeply rooted in the socio-economic base and the path of social development, and their own consolidation is regulated and influenced by the path of social development. To consolidate cultural subjectivity, we must first lay a solid path foundation. Only on the premise of laying a solid path foundation can the role of subjectivity be fully exerted, and can a broad forward path be further opened up. The essential stipulation and function of the “First Integration” are directly related to the existence, continuation, and functional realization of cultural subjectivity, and have a foundational significance and supporting role for consolidating cultural subjectivity.

推进马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合，为巩固文化主体性筑牢道路根基、开拓前进路径。马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合，是理论与实践的结合，是让科学理论走进实践进程之中，使科学理论发挥指导作用并在实践中得到检验。实现这一结合的目标追求，是解决中国革命、建设、改革的发展道路问题，是在正确道路上拓宽事业发展的方向和途径，在此基础上进一步推进马克思主义中国化时代化。“第一个结合”解决好了，我国社会主义事业就有了根本保障，既能确保经济社会健康发展，又能为包括文化在内的上层建筑提供科学引领。文化与文化主体性的根基，深植于社会经济基础和社会发展道路之中，自身的巩固深受社会发展道路的规制与影响。巩固文化主体性，必须首先筑牢道路根基，在筑牢道路根基的前提下才能充分发挥主体性作用，才能进一步开拓出宽阔的前进路径。“第一个结合”的本质规定和职能所在，直接关系到文化主体性的有无、存续及其功能实现，对于巩固文化主体性具有奠基性意义和支撑性作用。

Advancing the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with fine traditional Chinese culture cultivates fertile soil and opens up space for innovation in consolidating cultural subjectivity. The integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with fine traditional Chinese culture is a combination of scientific theory and cultural forms, a fusion and convergence of two great spiritual achievements that meet on Chinese soil. Marxism is the guiding ideology for the Party and the country to establish the Party, rejuvenate the country, and revitalize the country; it is the soul on which we rely to advance theoretical innovation, practical innovation, institutional innovation, and cultural innovation; and it is the soul-lineage that must be upheld to consolidate cultural subjectivity. Fine traditional Chinese culture is the crystallization and essence of the wisdom of Chinese civilization, the cultural gene and spiritual home of the Chinese nation, and the root-lineage that must be upheld to consolidate cultural subjectivity. The Second Integration concerns the ideological foundation and cultural roots; it is the spiritual guide for building a strong country and rejuvenating the nation, and the core force for consolidating cultural subjectivity. Through the Second Integration, Marxism becomes Chinese, fine traditional Chinese culture becomes modern, and the new culture formed through the Integration becomes the cultural form of Chinese-path modernization, cultivating fertile soil for consolidating cultural subjectivity. Through the Second Integration, the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics gains a broader and deeper historical depth, further expanding the cultural foundation of the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and opening up space for innovation in consolidating cultural subjectivity.

推进马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化相结合，为巩固文化主体性培植丰厚土壤、打开创新空间。马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化相结合，是科学理论与文化形态的结合，是在中华大地上相遇的两大精神成就的契合融会。马克思主义是我们立党立国、兴党兴国的指导思想，是我们推进理论创新、实践创新、制度创新、文化创新的灵魂依赖，是巩固文化主体性必须坚守的魂脉。中华优秀传统文化是中华文明的智慧结晶和精华所在，是中华民族的文化基因和精神家园，是巩固文化主体性必须坚守的根脉。“第二个结合”事关思想基础和文化根基，是强国建设、民族复兴的精神引领，是巩固文化主体性的核心力量。通过“第二个结合”，让马克思主义成为中国的、中华优秀传统文化成为现代的，让经由“结合”而形成的新文化成为中国式现代化的文化形态，为巩固文化主体性培植丰厚土壤。通过“第二个结合”，让中国特色社会主义道路有了更加宏阔深远的历史纵深，进一步拓展中国特色社会主义道路的文化根基，为巩固文化主体性开启创新空间。

III. Upholding the Cultural Subjectivity of the Chinese Nation in Deepening and Advancing the Two Integrations

三、在深化推进“两个结合”中高扬中华民族文化主体性

The great practice of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture in the New Era has promoted the formation of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture and continues to develop under its guidance. Throughout Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, a clear main line runs through it: that is, to do a good job of the Two Integrations in the process of strengthening cultural confidence and consolidating cultural subjectivity. In a series of important speeches, General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized the need to adhere to the Two Integrations, take root in the Chinese land, continue the Chinese cultural lineage, and thicken the academic foundation; to uphold the soul-lineage of Marxism and the root-lineage of fine traditional Chinese culture, using Marxism to activate the vital excellent factors in fine traditional Chinese culture and endow them with new contemporary connotations; to continue the Chinese cultural lineage through creative transformation and innovative development, uphold the cultural subjectivity of the Chinese nation, and develop Xi Jinping Thought on Culture in the New Era; to promote high-quality development of cultural-ethical progress, providing strong spiritual strength for building a strong country and rejuvenating the nation, and so on. Based on the present and facing the future, we must deepen and advance the Two Integrations, and uphold the cultural subjectivity of the Chinese nation through continuous consolidation.

习近平新时代中国特色社会主义文化建设的伟大实践，推动了习近平文化思想的形成，也在习近平文化思想的指引下不断发展。在习近平文化思想中，始终贯穿着一条清晰的主线，那就是在坚定文化自信、巩固文化主体性的过程中做好“两个结合”。习近平总书记在一系列重要讲话中强调，要坚持“两个结合”，扎根中国大地、赓续中华文脉、厚植学术根基；坚守马克思主义魂脉和中华优秀传统文化根脉，用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化中富有生命力的优秀因子并赋予新的时代内涵；在创造性转化和创新性发展中赓续中华文脉，高扬中华民族的文化主体性，发展习近平新时代中国特色社会主义文化；推动精神文明建设高质量发展，为强国建设、民族复兴提供强大精神力量，等等。立足当前，面向未来，我们必须深化推进“两个结合”，在持续巩固中高扬中华民族文化主体性。

Consolidating cultural subjectivity in strengthening cultural confidence. Cultural confidence is a more fundamental, broader, and deeper confidence, and it is the most basic, deepest, and most enduring force in the development of a country or a nation. Only a nation with cultural confidence can stand firm, stand steady, and go far. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "cultural confidence comes from our cultural subjectivity," and "with cultural subjectivity, there is a firm self in the cultural sense, and cultural confidence has a fundamental support." Cultural subjectivity is the internal basis of cultural confidence, and cultural confidence is the external manifestation of cultural subjectivity; the two are closely linked and internally unified. The cultural confidence of the Chinese nation is built on the foundation of more than five thousand years of civilizational inheritance. The prominent continuity, innovativeness, unity, inclusiveness, and peacefulness of Chinese civilization are integrated with the spirit of the Chinese nation, becoming important spiritual symbols of the Chinese nation and providing important spiritual impetus for strengthening cultural confidence. Strengthening cultural confidence is an inevitable requirement for strengthening confidence in the path, theory, and system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Strengthening confidence in the path, theory, and system of socialism with Chinese characteristics ultimately comes down to strengthening cultural confidence. Strengthening cultural confidence concerns the rise and fall of the nation's fortunes, concerns cultural security, and concerns the independence of the national spirit; it is a practical need for consolidating cultural subjectivity. With firm cultural confidence, we have sufficient confidence and courage to implement the advancement of the Two Integrations and the consolidation of cultural subjectivity, yielding concrete results.

在坚定文化自信中巩固文化主体性。文化自信是更基础、更广泛、更深厚的自信，是一个国家、一个民族发展中最基本、最深沉、最持久的力量。有文化自信的民族，才能立得住、站得稳、行得远。习近平总书记指出，“文化自信就来自我们的文化主体性”，“有了文化主体性，就有了文化意义上坚定的自我，文化自信就有了根本依托”。文化主体性是文化自信的内在根据，文化自信是文化主体性的外在呈现，两者紧密联结、内在统一。中华民族的文化自信是建立在五千多年文明传承基础上的文化自信，中华文明突出的连续性、创新性、统一性、包容性、和平性与中华民族精神融为一体，成为中华民族的重要精神标识，为坚定文化自信提供了重要精神动力。坚定文化自信是坚定中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信的必然要求。坚定中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信，归根到底就是要坚定文化自信。坚定文化自信，事关国运兴衰，事关文化安全，事关民族精神独立，是巩固文化主体性的现实需要。有坚定的文化自信，我们就有充足的信心与勇气，就能够把推进“两个结合”、巩固文化主体性落到实处、结出硕果。

Consolidating cultural subjectivity in upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, a brilliant model of the Two Integrations, is the most powerful embodiment of cultural subjectivity. To deeply study and understand Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, and to show new atmosphere and new achievements in the struggle to build a socialist cultural power and shoulder the new cultural mission of the New Era, we must, with the integrity and sharpness of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, continue the historical cultural lineage and write a contemporary chapter. For cultural construction, upholding fundamental principles prevents losing oneself and losing direction, while breaking new ground enables grasping the times and leading the times. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Upholding fundamental principles means upholding the fundamental system of Marxism's guiding position in the ideological sphere, upholding the fundamental requirements of the Two Integrations, and upholding the cultural leadership of the Communist Party of China and the cultural subjectivity of the Chinese nation. Breaking new ground means creating new ideas, new discourses, new mechanisms, and new forms, and under the guidance of Marxism, truly making the past serve the present, making foreign things serve China, making a dialectical selection, and discarding the old and creating the new, achieving an organic connection between tradition and modernity." Upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground complement each other, requiring us to accurately grasp and correctly handle the interrelationships between change and constancy, inheritance and development, and principle and creativity. Adhering to upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground is both a requirement for deepening and advancing the Two Integrations and a practical need for continuously consolidating cultural subjectivity. We should treat science with a scientific attitude and pursue truth with the spirit of truth, adhere unwaveringly to the basic tenets of Marxism, adhere unwaveringly to the comprehensive leadership of the Party, and adhere unwaveringly to socialism with Chinese characteristics. At the same time, we must keep pace with the times, conform to practical development, take Chinese-path modernization as the direction, follow the Two Integrations, continuously promote the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture, guide it to actively adapt to the practical needs of Chinese-path modernization, and manifest cultural subjectivity through its Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese manner.

在坚持守正创新中巩固文化主体性。作为“两个结合”光辉典范的习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，是文化主体性的最有力体现。深入学习领会习近平文化思想，在建设社会主义文化强国、担负起新时代新的文化使命的奋斗中展现新气象新作为，必须以守正创新的正气和锐气，赓续历史文脉、谱写当代华章。对文化建设来说，守正才能不迷失自我、不迷失方向，创新才能把握时代、引领时代。习近平总书记指出：“守正，守的是马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位的根本制度，守的是‘两个结合’的根本要求，守的是中国共产党的文化领导权和中华民族的文化主体性。创新，创的是新思路、新话语、新机制、新形式，要在马克思主义指导下真正做到古为今用、洋为中用、辩证取舍、推陈出新，实现传统与现代的有机衔接。”守正和创新相辅相成，需要我们准确把握和正确处理变与不变、继承与发展、原则性与创造性的相互联系。坚持守正创新，既是深化推进“两个结合”的要求，也是持续巩固文化主体性的现实需要。我们应以科学的态度对待科学、以真理的精神追求真理，坚持马克思主义基本原理不动摇，坚持党的全面领导不动摇，坚持中国特色社会主义不动摇，同时又必须紧跟时代步伐，顺应实践发展，以中国式现代化为指向，以“两个结合”为遵循，不断推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化和创新性发展，引导其积极主动适应中国式现代化的实践需要，以其中国特色、中国风格和中国气派彰显文化主体性。

Consolidating cultural subjectivity in upholding openness and inclusiveness. Openness and inclusiveness are the source of vitality for civilizational development and a notable hallmark of cultural confidence. The broad and grand atmosphere of Chinese civilization benefits from the open posture and inclusive mind of Chinese culture since ancient times. Consolidating cultural subjectivity requires, internally, enhancing the cohesion and appeal of advanced culture, and externally, increasing the dissemination and influence of Chinese civilization; both are inseparable from integrating China and foreign countries and connecting the past and the present. Upholding an open and inclusive attitude and spirit requires us, while adhering to and consolidating cultural subjectivity, to learn from and draw on all outstanding achievements of human civilization with a more proactive posture. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "After long-term efforts, we are more capable than any previous era of resolving the 'ancient-modern, Chinese-Western debate,' and we are also more urgently in need than any previous era of a batch of cultural achievements that fuse the ancient and the modern and integrate China and the West." To this end, we must adhere to adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, inherit and develop fine traditional Chinese culture, promote the localization of foreign cultures, continuously cultivate and create Xi Jinping Thought on Culture in the New Era, and create more cultural achievements that fuse the ancient and the modern and integrate China and the West; we must broaden theoretical horizons, learn from and draw on all outstanding achievements of human civilization with an open mind that embraces all rivers, draw on excellent ideological and cultural resources from the "sum total of human knowledge," further enrich and develop the Party's innovative theory, further enrich and develop the cultural achievements of the New Era, form a grand theoretical pattern and atmosphere that is inclusive and draws on diverse strengths, and strive to create a new culture belonging to our era.

在秉持开放包容中巩固文化主体性。开放包容是文明发展的活力来源，也是文化自信的显著标志。中华文明的博大气象，就得益于中华文化自古以来开放的姿态、包容的胸怀。巩固文化主体性，对内要提升先进文化的凝聚力感召力，对外要增强中华文明传播力影响力，这些都离不开融通中外、贯通古今。秉持开放包容的态度和精神，要求我们在坚守和巩固文化主体性的同时，以更加积极主动的姿态学习借鉴人类创造的一切优秀文明成果。习近平总书记指出：“经过长期努力，我们比以往任何一个时代都更有条件破解‘古今中西之争’，也比以往任何一个时代都更迫切需要一批熔铸古今、汇通中西的文化成果。”为此，必须坚持马克思主义中国化时代化，传承发展中华优秀传统文化，促进外来文化本土化，不断培育和创造习近平新时代中国特色社会主义文化，创造更多熔铸古今、汇通中西的文化成果；必须拓宽理论视野，以海纳百川的开放胸襟学习和借鉴人类社会一切优秀文明成果，在“人类知识的总和”中汲取优秀思想文化资源，进一步丰富发展党的创新理论，进一步丰富发展新时代文化成就，形成兼容并蓄、博采众长的理论大格局大气象，努力创造属于我们这个时代的新文化。

(The author is a professor at Shandong Normal University and Dean of the Research Institute of Contemporary Chinese Marxism at Shandong Universities)

（作者系山东师范大学教授、山东省高校当代中国马克思主义研究院院长）

Online Editor: Ma Jingren

网络编辑：马京仁