The Cultural Self-Awareness in the Generation and Continuation of the Chinese Communist Party’s Spiritual Genealogy

In its more than one hundred years of great practice, the Chinese Communist Party has not only created material achievements that have attracted worldwide attention, but has also forged a series of brilliant spiritual accomplishments, forming a spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists that is rich in content, clear in its脉络[n], and distinct in its characteristics. This spiritual genealogy is a powerful spiritual driving force for the Party’s cause to advance from victory to victory, and a key cipher for understanding why the Chinese Communist Party “can”. On the new journey of the New Era, faced with the historic intersection of the strategic whole of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the changes unseen in a century in the world, how to deeply understand and consciously continue the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists, making it an important spiritual support for Chinese-path modernization, is a topic of the times with major theoretical value and practical significance.

中国共产党在百余年伟大实践中不仅创造了举世瞩目的物质成就，更锻造出了一系列璀璨夺目的精神成果，形成了内涵丰富、脉络清晰、特质鲜明的中国共产党人精神谱系。这一精神谱系是党的事业从胜利走向胜利的强大精神动力，是理解中国共产党为什么“能”的关键密码。新时代新征程，面对中华民族伟大复兴战略全局与世界百年未有之大变局的历史性交汇，如何深刻理解和自觉赓续中国共产党人精神谱系，使其成为中国式现代化发展的重要精神支撑，是一个具有重大理论价值和现实意义的时代课题。

Scholarly research on the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists has reached a certain scale. On the one hand, studies focus on individual cases for analysis, delving deeply into the formation background, core connotations, and contemporary value of particular spiritual forms, such as research on the great founding spirit of the Party, the Jinggangshan spirit, the Long March spirit, and the Yan’an spirit. On the other hand, studies emphasize holistic research, systematically sorting out the historical progressive significance, value cognition and value realization, and the ideological core of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists, highlighting its unity, layering, and systematicity as a whole. In recent years, some scholars have also adopted interdisciplinary perspectives, exploring the theoretical origins and value functions of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists from the angles of Marxist philosophy and ethics. A few other studies have approached it from a cultural function perspective, analyzing the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists as a cultural phenomenon statically, focusing mainly on explaining its cultural composition and the cultural pathways for its continuation, but without delving into why and how this spiritual genealogy was generated and developed. Overall, existing research concentrates on the generative logic, content representation, and practical orientation of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists. To a certain extent, it still remains at the level of functional countermeasures and Party value, lacking systematic, paradigmatic special studies on its internal cultural dynamic mechanism, namely the Party’s cultural subjectivity and cultural self-awareness.

学界对中国共产党人精神谱系的研究成果已形成一定规模。一方面，聚焦个案进行剖析，对个别精神样态的形成背景、核心内涵与当代价值进行深入挖掘，如关于伟大建党精神、井冈山精神、长征精神、延安精神等的研究；另一方面，注重整体性研究，系统梳理中国共产党人精神谱系的历史进步意义、价值认知与价值实现及其思想内核，强调其作为整体所具有的统一性、层次性和系统性。近年来，也有学者采取跨学科视角，从马克思主义哲学、伦理学等角度探讨了中国共产党人精神谱系的理论渊源和价值功能。还有个别研究从文化功能切入，将中国共产党人精神谱系作为一种文化现象进行静态分析，重点阐释了其文化构成和赓续的文化路径，但没有深入探讨这一精神谱系为何以及如何生成与发展。总体而言，现有研究聚焦中国共产党人精神谱系的生成逻辑、内容表征和实践向路，在一定程度上仍停留在功能对策以及政党价值层面，对于其内在文化动力机制即党的文化主体性和文化自觉尚缺乏系统性、范式性的专题研究。

This article aims to break through the singular narratives of history or political science, introducing the core theoretical perspective of “cultural self-awareness” proposed by Fei Xiaotong to systematically interpret the cultural dimension of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists. So-called cultural self-awareness “refers to people living in a certain culture having ‘self-knowledge’ of their culture, understanding its origins, its formation process, its specific characteristics, and its developmental trends.” In this article, cultural self-awareness specifically refers to the Chinese Communist Party having a clear sense of historical origin, a profound sense of value identification, and an active sense of practical direction regarding the spiritual culture it advocates and practices. The spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists is the result of the Chinese Communist Party, as a highly self-aware political subject, actively engaging in cultural creation and construction during its great historical struggles; it is a product of its cultural self-awareness. General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: “The Chinese Communist Party is a party with a high degree of cultural self-awareness; the Party’s century-long struggle condenses the history of our country’s cultural advancement.” Therefore, starting from the perspective of “cultural self-awareness”, constructing a three-dimensional analytical framework of generative self-awareness, value self-awareness, and practical self-awareness to systematically examine the generative logic, value core, and continuation pathways of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists can not only open up new theoretical horizons for understanding the spiritual quality of the Chinese Communist Party, but also provide profound theoretical support and practical inspiration for enhancing historical initiative, strengthening cultural confidence, and fulfilling new cultural missions in the New Era.

本文旨在突破单一的历史学或政治学叙事，引入费孝通先生提出的“文化自觉”这一核心理论视角，对中国共产党人精神谱系的文化向度进行系统阐释。所谓文化自觉，“是指生活在一定文化中的人对其文化有‘自知之明’，明白它的来历，形成过程，所具的特色和它发展的趋向”。在本文中，文化自觉特指中国共产党对其倡导和践行的精神文化具有清晰的历史来源感、深刻的价值认同感和主动的实践方向感。中国共产党人精神谱系，是中国共产党作为高度自觉的政治主体，在伟大历史斗争中主动进行文化创造与建构的成果，是其文化自觉的产物。习近平总书记指出：“中国共产党是具有高度文化自觉的党，党的百年奋斗凝结着我国文化奋进的历史。”因此，从“文化自觉”这一视角出发，构建生成自觉、价值自觉、实践自觉的三维分析框架，系统考察中国共产党人精神谱系的生成逻辑、价值内核与赓续路径，不仅能够为理解中国共产党的精神品质开辟新的理论境界，更能为在新时代增强历史主动、坚定文化自信、完成新的文化使命提供深刻的学理支撑和实践启示。

I. Generative Self-Awareness: The Logical Isomorphism of Spiritual Genealogy and Cultural Self-Awareness

一、生成自觉：精神谱系与文化自觉的逻辑同构

The spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists is the Party’s summary of its own cultural mission and practical experience, profoundly demonstrating the Party’s self-awareness in cultural subjectivity. Through the practical transcendence of real-world difficulties and the sublative transcendence of traditional concepts, the Chinese Communist Party consciously promoted the integration of the basic principles of Marxism with the excellent traditional culture of China, achieving a historic leap from cultural spontaneity to cultural self-awareness with an active and proactive posture. This process not only completed the forging of the Chinese Communist Party’s own subjectivity, but also crystallized into the systematic and concrete civilizational achievement that is the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists.

中国共产党人精神谱系是党对自身文化使命与实践经验的总结，深刻彰显了党在文化主体性上的自觉。中国共产党通过对现实困境的实践性超越和对传统观念的扬弃性超越，自觉推动马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化相结合，以积极主动的姿态实现从文化自发到文化自觉的历史性飞跃。这一过程不仅完成了中国共产党自身主体性的锻造，而且凝结出中国共产党人精神谱系这一系统化、具象化的文明成果。

1. Dual Transcendence and the Forging of Subjectivity Are the Starting Point of Cultural Self-Awareness

1.双重超越与主体性锻造是文化自觉的起点

The generation of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists is the Chinese Communist Party, as a highly self-aware historical subject, in its great struggles to cope with internal and external challenges, actively realizing the practical transcendence of real-world difficulties and the sublative transcendence of traditional concepts, marking the Party’s growth from a spontaneous explorer to a conscious creator.

中国共产党人精神谱系的生成是中国共产党作为高度自觉的历史主体，在应对内外挑战的伟大斗争中，主动实现对现实困境的实践性超越和对传统观念的扬弃性超越，标志着党从自发探索者成长为自觉创造者。

Cultural self-awareness first originates from confronting and transcending extremely severe real-world difficulties. This transcendence is achieved through arduous and bitter struggle, permeated by a practical character of fearing no danger and daring to win. The spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists fully demonstrates the spiritual power behind the Party’s active transcendence of real-world difficulties in different historical periods. During the period of the New Democratic Revolution, the Chinese Communist Party deeply recognized the reality of China as a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, united and led the Chinese people to overthrow the “three big mountains”[n], establish the People’s Republic of China, and achieve national independence and the liberation of the people. The Long March spirit, forged as the Red Army conquered the limits of human survival, completed the seemingly impossible great journey, and created a world-shaking human miracle, provided powerful spiritual momentum for the victory of the Chinese revolution. During the period of socialist revolution and construction, the “two bombs, one satellite”[n] spirit, centered on “loving the motherland, selfless dedication, self-reliance, hard struggle, great cooperation, and courage to climb”, supported Chinese scientific and technological workers in actively shouldering historical responsibilities, transforming deep feelings for family and country into innovative creation that broke through encirclement. During the new period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization construction, facing the reality of a considerable gap between China and developed countries in areas such as economy and technology, Chinese Communists recognized the necessity of reform and opening up. The spirit of reform and opening up is the spiritual condensation of the Chinese Communist Party leading the Chinese people in the new period to advance reform, expand opening up, promote development, and realize modernization, embodying firm determination and innovative practice. Entering the New Era, facing the changes unseen in a century in the world, particularly real-world challenges in technology, geopolitics, public health, and other fields, the Chinese Communist Party proposed seizing opportunities, meeting challenges, and promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind to foster world peace and development. On February 25, 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the National Commendation Conference on Poverty Alleviation that China’s battle against poverty had achieved complete victory, “creating another human miracle that will shine through the annals of history.” The Party united and led the Chinese people in the great struggle against poverty, which involved facing challenges and overcoming difficulties, forging the spirit of poverty alleviation. It can be said that the major decisions of the Chinese Communist Party are all active choices made on the basis of historical self-awareness and practical courage.

文化自觉首先源于对极端严峻现实困境的直面与超越。这种超越是通过艰苦卓绝的斗争实现的，其中贯穿着不畏艰险、敢于胜利的实践性品格。中国共产党人精神谱系充分展现了党在不同历史时期主动超越现实困境的行动背后的精神力量。在新民主主义革命时期，中国共产党深刻认识到中国半殖民地半封建社会的现实，团结带领中国人民推翻“三座大山”，成立中华人民共和国，实现民族独立和人民解放。红军征服人类生存极限、完成看似不可能完成的伟大征程、创造气吞山河的人间奇迹而铸就的长征精神，为中国革命的胜利提供了强大精神动力。在社会主义革命和建设时期，以“热爱祖国、无私奉献，自力更生、艰苦奋斗，大力协同、勇于登攀”为核心的“两弹一星”精神，支撑中国科技工作者主动担当历史重任，将深厚的家国情怀转化为突破重围的创新创造。改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期，面对中国与发达国家在经济、科技等方面存在较大差距的现实，中国共产党人认识到改革开放的必要性。改革开放精神，就是中国共产党带领中国人民在新时期推进改革、扩大开放、促进发展、实现现代化的坚定决心与创新实践的精神凝聚。进入新时代，面对世界百年未有之大变局，特别是科技、地缘政治、公共卫生等领域的现实挑战，中国共产党提出要把握机遇、应对挑战，推动构建人类命运共同体，促进世界和平与发展。2021年2月25日，习近平总书记在全国脱贫攻坚总结表彰大会上指出，我国的脱贫攻坚战取得全面胜利，“创造了又一个彪炳史册的人间奇迹”。党团结带领中国人民不惧挑战、攻坚克难的脱贫攻坚伟大斗争，锻造形成了脱贫攻坚精神。可以说，中国共产党的重大决策都是基于历史自觉和实践勇气作出的主动选择。

At a higher level, cultural self-awareness manifests as the courage to turn inward for reflection, critically sublating entrenched notions, fixed modes of thinking, and rigid dogmas that exist within oneself or society. This is a form of self-revolution that combines depth with difficulty, permeated by the innovative character of emancipating the mind and daring to create. In the context of modern China, the early Communists' choice of Marxism and their determination to adapt it to the Chinese context was prominently expressed in their courage to question the authoritative ideas of the time. Facing the sacred aura of the Comintern's directives and Soviet experience, and facing the then-mainstream revolutionary paradigm of the "city-centered line," the Chinese Communists, with immense theoretical courage, proposed the strategy of "encircling the cities from the countryside," liberating revolutionary practice from the shackles of rigid models. During the period of socialist construction, the great debate on the criterion of truth was a profound movement of cultural self-awareness. It critiqued the attitude of "book worship" and "deference to superiors," established that "practice is the sole criterion for testing truth," restored the Party's ideological line of seeking truth from facts, and laid a crucial ideological and political foundation for the subsequent reform and opening up. Reform and opening up was a comprehensive transcendence of the traditional socialist model and closed-minded development concepts. It discarded rigid understandings of socialism, adjusted the singular model of the planned economy, and boldly drew on the achievements of human civilization, including beneficial capitalist management methods and market economy instruments. From the establishment of special economic zones to the establishment of the socialist market economy system, every step embodied a high degree of cultural self-awareness. The practice of reform and opening up forged a new subjectivity for the Chinese Communists characterized by keeping pace with the times, embracing all with an open mind, and daring to explore and experiment. The spirit of reform and opening up formed in this historical process is precisely the spiritual crystallization of the aforementioned practical breakthroughs and the forging of this subjectivity.

文化自觉的更高层次体现为勇于向内进行反思，对自身或社会中存在的固有观念、思维定式和僵化教条进行批判性的扬弃。这是一种兼具深度和难度的自我革命，其中贯穿着解放思想、勇于创新的革新性品格。在近代中国的背景下，早期共产党人选择马克思主义并决心将其中国化，突出表现为敢于质疑当时的权威理念。面对共产国际的指示与苏联经验的神圣光环，面对当时主流革命范式“城市中心论”，中国共产党人以巨大的理论勇气提出“农村包围城市”战略，将革命实践从僵化模式的束缚中解放出来。在社会主义建设时期，关于真理标准问题的大讨论是一次深刻的文化自觉运动，它批判了“本本主义”和“唯上”的态度，确立了“实践是检验真理的唯一标准”，恢复了党实事求是的思想路线，为之后的改革开放奠定了至关重要的思想和政治基础。改革开放则是对社会主义传统模式与封闭发展观念的全面超越，它摒弃了对社会主义的僵化理解，调整了计划经济的单一模式，大胆借鉴人类社会的文明成果，包括资本主义有益的管理方式和市场经济手段。从设立经济特区到确立社会主义市场经济体制，无不体现了高度的文化自觉。改革开放的实践，锻造了中国共产党与时俱进、海纳百川、敢闯敢试的崭新主体性。在这一历史进程中形成的改革开放精神，正是上述实践突破与主体锻造的精神结晶。

It is precisely through the conscious pursuit of dual transcendence that the Chinese Communists completed the forging of their own subjectivity. The practical transcendence of real-world difficulties forged the Party's tenacious character as a striving subject; the sublating transcendence of traditional notions forged the Party's innovative consciousness as a creative subject. Together, these constituted the starting point of the Chinese Communists' cultural self-awareness, provided the impetus for the generation of the Chinese Communists' spiritual pedigree, and shaped its distinctive spiritual ethos combining principledness with flexibility.

正是通过双重超越的自觉追求，中国共产党完成了自身主体性的锻造。对现实困境的实践性超越，锻造了党作为奋斗主体的坚韧品格；对传统观念的扬弃性超越，锻造了党作为创新主体的革新意识；二者共同构成了中国共产党文化自觉的起点，为中国共产党人精神谱系的生成提供了动力，并塑造了兼具原则性与灵活性的独特精神气韵。

2. The Fusion of Dual Sources and Creative Transformation as the Wellspring of Cultural Self-Awareness

2.双源融合与创造性转化是文化自觉的源泉

"The Second Integration endows the new culture with 'Chinese attributes' and 'modern attributes,' promoting the formation of a new cultural life-form." The development of the Chinese Communists' spiritual pedigree originates precisely from the Party's subjective leadership and dynamic creativity in this integration process, driven by a high degree of cultural self-awareness. It is the concentrated embodiment of this new cultural life-form in the spiritual dimension, and its distinctive external manifestation in terms of values, ideals, and willpower.

“‘第二个结合’赋予新文化以‘中国属性’和‘现代属性’，推动形成新的文化生命体。”中国共产党人精神谱系的发展，正源于党以高度的文化自觉对这一结合过程的主体性引领与能动性创造，是这一新的文化生命体在精神维度的集中体现，是其在价值理念与意志品格上的独特外显。

The Chinese Communists' cultural self-awareness first originates from the conscious choice of and faithful adherence to Marxism. General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: "In the history of human thought, no ideological theory has exerted such extensive and profound influence on humanity as Marxism." As a scientific, people-centered, practical, and constantly developing open ideology and theory, Marxism evolves continuously with the changes of the times and practice. The cultural self-awareness of the Chinese Communists lies precisely in placing the basic principles of Marxism in the concrete, historical soil of China, continuously advancing its adaptation to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. Under the scientific guidance of Marxism, the Chinese Communists gained a wholly new understanding of the Chinese spirit and Chinese civilization. While drawing on and absorbing all the outstanding achievements of human civilization, they formed the Chinese Communists' spiritual pedigree, endowing it with the most distinct truth foundation and the most solid ideal cornerstone. At the same time, as an important theoretical achievement of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, the Chinese Communists' spiritual pedigree continuously tests and enhances Marxism's trans-temporal influence.

中国共产党的文化自觉首先源于对马克思主义的自觉选择和忠诚信守。习近平总书记指出：“在人类思想史上，没有一种思想理论像马克思主义那样对人类产生了如此广泛而深刻的影响。”马克思主义作为科学的、人民的、实践的、不断发展的开放的思想理论，会随着时代及实践的变化而不断发展。中国共产党的文化自觉正在于将马克思主义基本原理置于中国具体的、历史的现实土壤之中，不断推进其中国化时代化。在马克思主义的科学指导下，中国共产党对中国精神、中华文明有了全新的认识，在借鉴吸收人类一切优秀文明成果的同时，形成了中国共产党人精神谱系，使其具有最鲜明的真理底色与最坚实的理想基石。与此同时，中国共产党人精神谱系作为马克思主义中国化时代化的重要理论成果，也在不断检验并提升马克思主义跨时空的影响力。

The Chinese Communists' cultural self-awareness also originates from the faithful inheritance and steadfast promotion of China's outstanding traditional culture. General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: "Our Party is both a faithful inheritor and promoter of China's outstanding traditional culture, and an active advocate and developer of China's advanced culture." China's outstanding traditional culture is the bond connecting the past, present, and future, and is the cultural root from which the Chinese Communists' spiritual pedigree is generated. The Chinese Communists deeply recognize that core ideas in China's outstanding traditional culture—such as the world under heaven shared by all, the people as the foundation of the state, ceaseless self-improvement, and the virtue of carrying all things with great generosity—are highly compatible with the communist goal of struggle, the people's standpoint, the practical viewpoint, and dialectical thinking. Many of the value cores within the Chinese Communists' spiritual pedigree are deeply rooted in the fertile soil of Chinese civilization: the spirit of arduous struggle embodies the willpower of ceaseless self-improvement; the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly carries forward the political ideal of the people as the foundation of the state; and the vision of a community with a shared future for mankind shines with the wisdom of great harmony under heaven. This cultural self-awareness originates precisely from the Chinese Communists' profound understanding, active inheritance, modern interpretation, and flexible practice of China's outstanding traditional culture, manifesting the unique national temperament of the Chinese spirit and Chinese civilization.

中国共产党的文化自觉还源于对中华优秀传统文化的忠实传承和坚定弘扬。习近平总书记指出：“我们党既是中华优秀传统文化的忠实传承者和弘扬者，又是中国先进文化的积极倡导者和发展者。”中华优秀传统文化是连接过去、现在和未来的纽带，是中国共产党人精神谱系生成的文化根脉。中国共产党深刻认识到中华优秀传统文化中天下为公、民为邦本、自强不息、厚德载物等核心思想与共产主义的奋斗目标、人民立场、实践观点和辩证法思想存在高度契合性。中国共产党人精神谱系中的许多价值内核都深深植根于中华文明的沃土：艰苦奋斗精神蕴含着自强不息的意志品质，全心全意为人民服务的根本宗旨承续着民为邦本的政治理念，人类命运共同体理念则闪耀着天下大同的智慧光芒。这种文化自觉正源于中国共产党对中华优秀传统文化的深刻理解、主动传承、现代诠释和灵活实践，彰显中国精神与中华文明独特的民族气质。

Therefore, the Second Integration fundamentally answers the core questions of why the Chinese Communists' spiritual pedigree possesses a truth foundation and where it obtains its cultural nourishment. It makes the process of its generation a profound movement of cultural self-awareness, and ensures that when the Chinese Communists confront new issues of the times, they continuously generate new spiritual forms and solutions from the combination of scientific theory and traditional wisdom.

因此，“第二个结合”从根本上回答了中国共产党人精神谱系何以具有真理底色、何处获得文化滋养的核心问题，使其生成过程成为一场深刻的文化自觉运动，并确保中国共产党在应对新的时代课题时，不断从科学理论与传统智慧的结合中生成新的精神形态与解决方案。

3. The Internal Logic by Which Cultural Self-Awareness Drives the Spiritual Pedigree

3.文化自觉驱动精神谱系的内在逻辑

The generation of the Chinese Communists' spiritual pedigree is by no means a passive sedimentation of historical events or a simple collection of scattered spiritual phenomena, but rather an active construction process internally driven by cultural self-awareness and unfolding according to rigorous logic. The core of this generative mechanism lies in the Chinese Communists' promotion of a historic leap from cultural spontaneity to cultural self-awareness, ultimately crystallizing into systematic spiritual achievements.

中国共产党人精神谱系的生成，绝非历史事件的被动沉淀或零散精神现象的简单集合，而是一个由文化自觉内在驱动、依循严密逻辑展开的主动建构过程。这一生成机制的核心在于中国共产党推动文化自发性向文化自觉性的历史性飞跃，最终凝结为系统性精神成果。

The great spirit displayed by the Chinese people in their struggle for national salvation since modern times was initially mainly a cultural spontaneity based on national instinct and emotional outrage at reality, prominently expressed as a scattered, perceptual, and rationally unsublimated consciousness of resistance, lacking the guidance of scientific theory and a clear direction forward. The founding of the Chinese Communists was the turning point, marking a fundamental transformation in the cultural psychology of China's advanced elements, making the transition from spontaneity to self-awareness a historical necessity. "Facing the predicament of the loss of subjectivity in Chinese culture, the introduction of Marxism and the founding of the Chinese Communists brought new vitality to the development of China's outstanding traditional culture and the reconstruction of Chinese cultural subjectivity." This self-awareness is mainly manifested in three levels: first, theoretical self-awareness—Marxism has since become the truth cornerstone and ideal coordinate of spiritual construction; second, subjective self-awareness—the Chinese Communists became conscious of their historical mission and subjective responsibility, actively awakening, consolidating, and leading the spiritual world of the Chinese people; third, practical self-awareness—at every major historical juncture, the Chinese Communists have actively advocated, cultivated, and forged spiritual forces leading the trends of the times, such as actively advocating the Long March spirit during the period of the new-democratic revolution and promoting the spirit of Jiao Yulu during the period of socialist revolution and construction. The leap from spontaneity to self-awareness enabled the spiritual activities of the Chinese Communists to transcend the level of passive reaction and enter a new stage of active creation and systematic construction, providing the fundamental subjective impetus and directional guidance for the generation of the Chinese Communists' spiritual pedigree.

近代以来中国人民在救亡图存斗争中展现出的伟大精神，一开始主要是基于民族本能和现实激愤的文化自发性，突出表现为一种零散的、感性的、未经理性升华的抗争意识，缺乏科学理论的指引和明确的前进方向。中国共产党的诞生是其转折点，标志着中国先进分子在文化心理上的一次根本性转变，使自发走向自觉成为历史必然。“面对中华文化主体性迷失的困境，马克思主义的传入、中国共产党的成立给发展中华优秀传统文化、重建中华文化主体性带来新的生机。”这种自觉主要体现在三个层面：一是理论自觉，马克思主义自此成为精神建构的真理基石和理想坐标；二是主体自觉，中国共产党意识到自身肩负的历史使命与主体责任，主动去唤醒、凝聚和引领中国人民的精神世界；三是实践自觉，中国共产党在每一次重大历史关头都能主动倡导、培育和锻造引领时代潮流的精神力量，如在新民主主义革命时期主动倡导长征精神，在社会主义革命和建设时期弘扬焦裕禄精神等。从自发到自觉的飞跃，使得中国共产党人的精神活动超越了被动反应的层次，进入主动创造、系统建构的新阶段，为中国共产党人精神谱系的生成提供了根本的主体动力和方向指引。

Cultural self-awareness is not an abstract conceptual activity; it must be presented and confirmed through concrete, perceptible forms. The spiritual genealogy of Chinese communists is precisely such an institutional achievement and spiritual emblem of this high degree of cultural self-awareness. The institutionalization of spirit refers to the process by which the spiritual energy of cultural self-awareness, through the Party’s great practice, is externalized and objectified into heroic deeds, epics of struggle, and institutional creations, from which spiritual forms with specific names, connotations, and value orientations are refined and sublimated. For example, the Red Flag Canal spirit[6]6 The Red Flag Canal (红旗渠) is a large-scale irrigation canal built in Henan Province during the 1960s under extremely difficult conditions, often cited as a symbol of the spirit of self-reliance and hard struggle. crystallizes the Party’s conscious will to lead the people in transforming nature and reshaping the land; the spirit of reform and opening up embodies the Party’s conscious courage to engage in self-revolution and pioneer socialism with Chinese characteristics. Each specific spirit is a crystallization of cultural self-awareness in a particular historical practice, and linking these specific spiritual forms into an organic genealogy represents an even higher level of cultural self-awareness. This demonstrates that the Party not only forms various spirits in practice but also systematically reviews, sorts out, and integrates these spiritual resources from the perspectives of historical continuity, theoretical unity, and the unbroken transmission of values, constructing a logically rigorous, progressively advancing spiritual system. This work clearly shows how the Party’s guiding ideology, value pursuits, and spiritual temperament have remained consistent while advancing with the times over more than a century, thereby building a logically self-consistent, magnificent world of meaning and a kingdom of values. It thus becomes the most authoritative and systematic spiritual emblem of Chinese communists’ cultural self-awareness. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “We must uphold tradition while making innovations, promote the adaptation of fine traditional Chinese culture to socialist society, display the unique spiritual emblems of the Chinese nation, and better construct the Chinese spirit, Chinese values, and Chinese strength.” The spiritual genealogy of Chinese communists is a precious spiritual emblem and cultural essence of Chinese civilization. It convincingly proves that the Chinese Communist Party is a Marxist political party with a high degree of cultural self-awareness and historical initiative, and that the generation of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese communists is a cultural process of conscious creation, conscious summarization, and conscious transmission.

文化自觉并非抽象的观念活动，它必须通过具体的、可感知的形态得以呈现和确证，中国共产党人精神谱系正是这种高度文化自觉的制度性成果与精神标识。精神制度化是指文化自觉的精神能量通过党的伟大实践，外化、客观化为英雄事迹、奋斗史诗、制度创造等，并从中提炼、升华出具有特定名称、内涵和价值导向的精神形态。如红旗渠精神凝聚了党领导人民改造自然、重塑山河的自觉意志；改革开放精神内蕴着党勇于自我革命、开创中国特色社会主义的自觉勇气。每一种具体精神都是文化自觉在特定历史实践中的结晶，而将具体精神形态串联为一个有机谱系则是更高层次文化自觉的体现。这表明，党不仅在实践中形成各种精神，更从历史连续性、理论统一性和价值一脉相承的角度，系统回顾、梳理、整合这些精神资源，构建出一个逻辑严密、层层递进的精神体系。这项工作清晰地展现了百余年来党的指导思想、价值追求和精神气质如何一以贯之而又与时俱进，从而构筑起一个逻辑自洽、蔚为大观的意义世界和价值王国，因而成为中国共产党人文化自觉最权威、最系统的精神标识。习近平总书记强调：“要坚持守正创新，推动中华优秀传统文化同社会主义社会相适应，展示中华民族的独特精神标识，更好构筑中国精神、中国价值、中国力量。”中国共产党人精神谱系是中华文明的珍贵精神标识和文化精髓，它雄辩地证明中国共产党是一个具有高度文化自觉和历史主动性的马克思主义政党，中国共产党人精神谱系的生成是一个自觉创造、自觉总结、自觉传承的文化进程。

II. Value Self-Awareness: The Cultural Core and Civilizational Contribution of the Spiritual Genealogy

二、价值自觉：精神谱系的文化内核与文明贡献

The self-awareness in generating the spiritual genealogy inherently points toward and condenses into a value self-awareness of its core connotations, which constitutes a more profound dimension of cultural self-awareness. The spiritual genealogy of Chinese communists, with its unique value structure and civilizational significance, fully demonstrates a dual value: internally, it consolidates the great force for rejuvenation; externally, it contributes a spiritual plan.

精神谱系的生成自觉内在地指向并凝结为对其核心内涵的价值自觉，后者构成了文化自觉更为深刻的维度。中国共产党人精神谱系以独特的价值结构与文明意义，全面展现了对内凝聚复兴伟力、对外贡献精神方案的双重价值。

1. The Value Structure and Cultural Character of the Spiritual Genealogy

1.精神谱系的价值结构与文化品格

The spiritual genealogy of Chinese communists is an organic value system rich in content and rigorous in structure. From the perspective of its cultural core, ideals and beliefs, value positions, and practical principles constitute its value structure, jointly forging its timeless cultural character and the spiritual power to lead the era.

中国共产党人精神谱系是一个内涵丰富、结构严谨的有机价值系统，从文化内核角度来看，理想信念、价值立场、实践原则构成了其价值结构，共同铸就了其超越时空的文化品格与引领时代的精神力量。

First, the truth power manifested in the persistent pursuit of communism is the deepest value core and highest spiritual guide of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese communists. It is a significant marker distinguishing it from other spiritual cultures and centrally embodies the scientificity and advanced nature bestowed upon it by Marxism. “Firm ideals and beliefs are the core of the Chinese Communist Party’s spiritual genealogy and the main thread running through it.” “These ideals and beliefs are the Marxist faith, the great ideal of communism, and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics.” This lofty ideal and scientific faith constitute the political soul and spiritual pillar of Chinese communists. From the Long March spirit, which held revolutionary ideals higher than heaven, to the Red Flag Canal spirit of self-reliance, hard work, unity, cooperation, and selfless dedication, to the lunar exploration spirit of chasing dreams, daring to explore, collaborative攻坚[7]7 The term 攻坚 (gōngjiān) literally means “storming fortifications” and is used figuratively to mean tackling difficult problems or overcoming hard obstacles., and win-win cooperation, all are vivid interpretations of this truth power. It endows individuals and teams with strategic composure and ideological power that transcend immediate interests and practical difficulties, providing the intrinsic driving force for the Party’s actions.

首先，对共产主义的执着追求所彰显的真理力量，是中国共产党人精神谱系最深层的价值内核与最高的精神指引，是区别于其他精神文化的显著标志，集中体现了马克思主义赋予其的科学性与先进性。“坚定的理想信念是中国共产党精神谱系的内核和贯穿于其中的主线。”“这个理想信念，就是马克思主义信仰、共产主义远大理想、中国特色社会主义共同理想。”这种崇高的理想和科学的信仰，构成了中国共产党人的政治灵魂和精神支柱。从革命理想高于天的长征精神，到自力更生、艰苦创业、团结协作、无私奉献的红旗渠精神，再到追逐梦想、勇于探索、协同攻坚、合作共赢的探月精神，无一不是这种真理力量的生动诠释。它赋予个体与团队以超越眼前利益和现实困境的战略定力与思想伟力，为党的行动提供内在原动力。

Second, adhering to the fundamental position of putting the people first is the most distinctive value position and deepest emotional undertone of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese communists. It profoundly embodies the high unity of the traditional Chinese concept that “the people are the foundation of the state” with the Marxist principle of serving the people. “Selflessness runs through the CPC’s moral pursuit over more than a century, and the spiritual genealogy of Chinese communists, originating from the great founding spirit of the Party, is a vivid portrayal of this selflessness.” The fundamental tenet of wholeheartedly serving the people and the heartfelt expression “I will be selfless, living up to the people” run through the entire spiritual genealogy. The spirit of poverty alleviation, with its “overcoming difficulties, living up to the people,” and the spirit of earthquake relief, with its “unity of will, concerted effort,” both vividly demonstrate this most genuine and profound sentiment for the people, thereby gaining the broadest recognition and generating powerful cohesive force.

其次，坚持人民至上根本立场，是中国共产党人精神谱系最鲜明的价值立场与最深沉的情感底色，深刻体现了中华优秀传统文化民为邦本理念与马克思主义人民性的高度统一。“无私性贯穿于中国共产党的百余年道德追求之中，以伟大建党精神为源头的中国共产党人的精神谱系是党的无私性的生动写照。”全心全意为人民服务的根本宗旨，“我将无我，不负人民”的深情表达贯穿整个精神谱系。脱贫攻坚精神中的“攻坚克难、不负人民”，抗震救灾精神中的“万众一心、众志成城”，都淋漓尽致地展现了这种至真至深的为民情怀，并由此获得了最广泛的认同，产生了强大的凝聚力量。

Finally, the action power interpreted by seeking truth from facts and hard struggle is the intermediary and methodology through which the spiritual genealogy transforms theory and value into practical achievements, and is its most practical characteristic. “Because only by seeking truth from facts can we accomplish the set tasks,” seeking truth from facts has always been the most fundamental methodological principle running through the spiritual genealogy of Chinese communists. The Yan’an Rectification Movement spirit[8]8 The Yan’an Rectification Movement (延安整风) refers to the Party-wide study and rectification campaign conducted in the Yan’an base area during the early 1940s to correct ideological and work-style deviations, emphasizing seeking truth from facts. established this principle, embodied and carried in operational norms such as investigation and research, thrift and economy, and streamlined administration; the spirit of reform and opening up carried it forward; the spirit of poverty alleviation transformed seeking truth from facts from a theoretical principle into concrete action guidelines. “Hard struggle always infuses the basic tone of the Chinese Communist Party’s spiritual genealogy.” At the same time, as a timeless spiritual quality and an inherent genetic trait of the Chinese nation, hard struggle continuously updates its forms of struggle and behavioral practices in the tide of the times, ultimately completing its vivid interpretation through concrete actions. The combination of seeking truth from facts and hard struggle forms the unique action philosophy of Chinese communists: respecting objective laws while exerting subjective initiative; cherishing lofty ideals while remaining down-to-earth. Relying on this powerful action force, the Chinese Communist Party has secured a solid guarantee for coping with risks and challenges.

最后，坚持实事求是与艰苦奋斗所诠释的行动力量，是中国共产党人精神谱系得以从理论和价值转化为现实成就的中介与方法论，是其最具实践品格的特质。“因为只有实事求是，才能完成确定的任务”，所以实事求是始终是贯穿中国共产党人精神谱系的最根本的方法论原则。延安整风精神树立了这一原则，体现并承载于调查研究、勤俭节约、精兵简政等可操作的作风规范之中；改革开放精神将其发扬光大；脱贫攻坚精神使实事求是从理论原则转化为具体的行动指南。“艰苦奋斗始终浸润着中国共产党精神谱系的基本色调。”同时，作为一种永不过时的精神品质与中华民族固有的基因特质，艰苦奋斗也在时代洪流中不断更新其奋斗形态与行为实践，并最终通过具体行动完成对自身的生动诠释。实事求是与艰苦奋斗的结合形成了中国共产党人特有的行动哲学：既尊重客观规律，又发挥主观能动性；既怀抱远大理想，又坚持脚踏实地。凭借这种强大的行动力量，中国共产党获得了应对风险挑战的坚实保障。

2. Consolidating the Spiritual Great Power for the Great Rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation

2.凝聚实现中华民族伟大复兴的精神伟力

The spiritual genealogy of Chinese communists is rooted in the profound national spirit accumulated over thousands of years by the Chinese nation. Its cultural self-awareness deeply affects the interior of the Chinese nation. By refining and displaying unique spiritual emblems and strengthening shared historical memory, the spiritual genealogy of Chinese communists consolidates the spiritual power for national rejuvenation. This process of internal consensus-building is the core manifestation of the consolidating and guiding functions of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese communists.

中国共产党人精神谱系根植于中华民族数千年积淀的深厚民族精神，其文化自觉深刻作用于中华民族内部。通过提炼展示独特的精神标识与强化共同的历史记忆，中国共产党人精神谱系凝聚起迈向民族复兴的精神力量。这一内聚共识的过程是中国共产党人精神谱系发挥凝聚、引领功能的核心体现。

A spiritual emblem is the unique spiritual characteristic and value system formed by a country, nation, or collective over a long period of development. It is an important manifestation of cultural identity and spiritual belonging, and it concerns whether a civilization can stand tall among the nations of the world. The spiritual genealogy of Chinese communists, driven by cultural self-awareness, actively shapes a series of spiritual emblems of the Chinese nation that run through ancient and modern times and integrate Chinese and Western elements. This is achieved through the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture and the innovative practice of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. These emblems highly condense and carry the value pursuits, willpower, and moral character of Chinese communists and the Chinese people at different historical stages, becoming landmarks in the spiritual homeland of the Chinese nation. For instance, the spirit of the War of Resistance and the spirit of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea embody the patriotic sentiment of Chinese sons and daughters bravely facing national calamity and uniting against aggression; the spirit of reform and opening up marks the Chinese nation’s courage for change in keeping with the times, emancipating the mind, and daring to innovate. The system of emblems constructed by the spiritual genealogy of Chinese communists serves internally as symbols for building consensus, consolidating the cultural subjectivity of the Chinese nation.

精神标识是一个国家、民族或集体在长期发展过程中形成的独特精神特征和价值观念，是文化认同和精神归属的重要体现，也关乎一种文明能否屹立于世界民族之林。中国共产党人精神谱系正是在文化自觉的驱动下，通过对中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化、创新性发展与马克思主义中国化时代化的创新性实践，主动塑造出一系列贯穿古今、融汇中西的中华民族精神标识，高度浓缩并承载着不同历史阶段中国共产党人与中国人民的价值追求、意志品质和道德境界，成为中华民族精神家园中的路标。如抗战精神、抗美援朝精神内蕴着中华儿女勇赴国难、团结御侮的家国情怀；改革开放精神标识了中华民族与时俱进、解放思想、锐意创新的变革勇气。由中国共产党人精神谱系所构筑的标识体系，对内成为凝聚共识的符号，巩固了中华民族的文化主体性。

National rejuvenation requires shared historical memory and universal value consensus. “Historical memory, as the process and result of shared past events among members of a community, can both shape the ‘self’ and enhance the consistency of community members, and distinguish the ‘other’ and enhance the solidarity of community members.” The Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy, with its rich historical content and clear value orientation, undertakes the dual mission of forging historical memory and shaping value consensus. The spiritual genealogy is embodied in a series of stirring historical events and heroic models; learning about and promoting each spirit is essentially an awakening and revisiting of the nation’s collective memory. It powerfully links together the historical chapters since modern times, constructing a continuous, upward, internally consistent national narrative that vividly explains the inevitability of the Party’s revolutionary cause moving toward victory. Therefore, this also serves as a powerful rebuttal to historical nihilism[n] and effectively prevents the fragmentation and rupture of collective memory, providing all Chinese people with a shared sense of historical belonging. The core value concepts embedded in the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy are both the value crystallization of the original aspiration and founding mission of the Chinese Communists, and, due to their high compatibility with fine traditional Chinese culture and their profound influence in practice, they have become widely recognized and respected universal values. This constitutes the spiritual core of the consciousness of the Chinese national community, ultimately converging into an invincible force for rejuvenation. Therefore, the process of cultural self-awareness of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy is also a process of continuously transforming the Party’s value propositions into a society-wide value consensus, a deep-level project for consolidating the great power of the national spirit.

民族复兴需要共同的历史记忆和普遍的价值共识。“历史记忆作为共同体成员共享往事的过程和结果，既能形塑‘我者’，增强共同体成员的一致性；又能区分‘他者’，增强共同体成员的团结性。”中国共产党人精神谱系以其丰富的历史内涵和鲜明的价值导向，承担了熔铸历史记忆与塑造价值共识的双重使命。精神谱系由一个个可歌可泣的历史事件和英雄楷模所承载，学习与弘扬每一种精神本质上都是对民族集体记忆的唤醒与重温，有力地将近代以来的历史篇章串联起来，构建了一个连续的、向上的具有内在一致性的民族叙事，生动诠释了党的革命事业走向胜利的必然性。因此，这也是对历史虚无主义的有力回击，并有效防止集体记忆的碎片化和断裂化，为全体中华儿女提供共同的历史归属感。中国共产党人精神谱系所蕴含的核心价值理念，既是中国共产党人初心使命的价值结晶，也因其与中华优秀传统文化的高度契合及其在实践中产生的深远影响，成为全社会广泛认同和尊崇的普遍价值，由此构成了中华民族共同体意识的精神内核，最终汇聚成不可战胜的复兴力量。因此，中国共产党人精神谱系的文化自觉过程也是不断将党的价值主张转化为全社会价值共识的过程，是凝聚民族精神伟力的深层次工程。

3. Contributing Chinese Wisdom to Resolving the Predicament of Modernity

3.贡献破解人类现代性困境的中国智慧

The Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy not only achieves internal cohesion and identification within the Chinese nation but also, with its unique value concepts and civilizational vision, transcends the boundaries of region and ideology, providing Chinese wisdom for addressing the global predicament of modernity.

中国共产党人精神谱系不仅实现了中华民族内部的凝聚与认同，更以独特的价值理念和文明视野超越了地域与意识形态的界限，为应对全球性的现代性困境提供了中国智慧。

First, the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy provides a spiritual reference for the development of human civilization.

第一，中国共产党人精神谱系为人类文明发展提供一种精神性参照。

In the process of modernization, the accelerated pursuit of productive forces and the worship of efficiency have driven the modernization of material things, but have not brought about a corresponding spiritual enrichment and tranquility for humanity. Instead, they have caused humanity to universally face predicaments of modernity such as value nihilism, loss of meaning, and ecological crisis. The shortcomings of the singular civilizational narrative derived from the Western model of modernization are becoming increasingly apparent. Human civilization urgently needs diverse spiritual references to open up new possibilities. Against this backdrop, the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy reveals its significance at the level of mutual learning among civilizations. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes: “We must use civilizational exchange and integration to resolve the ‘clash of civilizations’ theory.” The Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy, as an outstanding achievement of Chinese civilization, integrates human wisdom, embodies common value concepts, and has global influence. It provides a spiritual reference concerning development concepts, value priorities, and the direction of civilization. Its embedded practical reason transcends the overloaded technical reason of Western modernity, warning that development is not merely technological iteration and material accumulation, but a profound transformation of the relationship between humanity and society, and between humanity and nature. For instance, the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, originating from the cultural gene of universal harmony and the spirit of internationalism, provides a spiritual framework that transcends zero-sum games for resolving geopolitical conflicts and overcoming the deficit in global governance. Qualities such as self-reliance, hard work, and perseverance instill a powerful spiritual force for developing countries exploring independent paths of modernization. This reference indicates that modernization does not equal Westernization, and modern civilization does not equal Western civilization. Paths of modernization should be diverse. The modernization process of a country or nation lies precisely in its compatibility and mutual promotion with its own cultural traditions and national spirit, ultimately pointing toward the free and comprehensive development of the individual.

现代化进程中，对生产力的加速追求与效率崇拜推动了物的现代化，却并未带来人类精神上的同步充盈与安宁，反而使人类普遍面临价值虚无、意义失落、生态危机等现代性困境。源于西方现代化模式的单一性文明叙事弊端渐显，人类文明急需多元的精神参照以开辟新的可能性。在此背景下，中国共产党人精神谱系展现出其文明互鉴层面的启示意义。习近平总书记强调：“我们要用文明交流交融破解‘文明冲突论’。”中国共产党人精神谱系作为中华文明的优秀成果，融汇人类智慧，体现共同价值理念，具有世界影响力。它提供了一种关乎发展理念、价值排序和文明走向的精神性参照，其蕴含的实践理性超越了西方现代性中过载的技术理性，警示发展不仅是技术的迭代和物质的积累，更是人与社会、人与自然关系的深刻变革。如源于天下大同文化基因与国际主义精神的人类命运共同体理念，为化解地缘冲突、克服全球治理赤字提供了超越零和博弈的精神框架；自力更生、艰苦奋斗等品格，为后发国家探索独立自主的现代化路径注入了强大的精神力量；等等。这种参照表明，现代化不等于西方化，现代文明也不等于西方文明，现代化道路应是多样的，一个国家或民族的现代化进程，恰恰在于与自身文化传统、民族精神的兼容互促，并最终指向人的自由全面发展。

Second, the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy transcends the spiritual value and civilizational significance of the logic of capital.

第二，中国共产党人精神谱系超越资本逻辑的精神价值与文明意义。

The crux of the predicament of modernity lies in the unlimited expansion of the logic of capital and its “colonization” of the lifeworld. The profundity and transcendence of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy are precisely manifested in its vigilance against and rejection of the logic of capital, advocating a new form of civilization centered on the logic of humanity. On the one hand, the people-first stance running through the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy is a fundamental transcendence of capital-first. “This is fundamentally different from the capitalist civilizational form aimed at capital accumulation, and fundamentally different from the modernization achieved through the capital operations of a minority, thus transcending the capitalist modernity that serves the interests of the bourgeoisie.” From the spirit of earthquake relief to the spirit of poverty alleviation, these all vividly embody a civilizational choice that places human life, human value, and human dignity in an absolutely prioritized position. On the other hand, the values advocated by the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy—such as unity and cooperation, selfless dedication, and harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature—are a direct response to the extreme individualism, consumer alienation, and ecological crisis under the logic of capital. It demonstrates that the organizational forms of human society can be built on a broader foundation of solidarity and cooperation, that economic growth can be coordinated with environmental protection, and that material civilization can be unified with cultural-ethical progress. Therefore, the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy embodies a sentiment and responsibility for the common progress of all human civilization, envisioning for humanity a future civilizational landscape that transcends the singular rule of capital, one that is fairer, more inclusive, and more sustainable.

现代性困境的症结在于资本逻辑的无限扩张及其对生活世界的“殖民”。中国共产党人精神谱系的深刻性与超越性恰恰体现在它对资本逻辑的警惕与扬弃，倡导一种以人的逻辑为核心的文明新形态。一方面，中国共产党人精神谱系中贯穿的人民至上立场，是对资本至上的根本性超越。“这与以资本增殖为目标的资本主义文明形态有着本质的区别，与少数人的资本运作实现的现代化有着本质区别，实现了对资本主义现代性维护资产阶级利益的超越。”从抗震救灾精神到脱贫攻坚精神，都鲜明体现了将人的生命、人的价值、人的尊严置于绝对优先地位的文明选择。另一方面，中国共产党人精神谱系所倡导的团结协作、无私奉献，人与自然和谐共生等价值，是对资本逻辑下极端个人主义、消费异化、生态危机的直接回应。它昭示了人类社会组织方式可以建立在更广泛的团结与合作基础之上，经济增长可以与环境保护相协调，物质文明可以与精神文明相统一。因此，中国共产党人精神谱系蕴含着对全人类文明共同进步的情怀与担当，为人类构想了一幅超越资本单一性统治的，更加公平、更具包容性、更可持续的未来文明图景。

III. Practical Self-Awareness: Pathways for Continuing the Chinese Communists’ Spiritual Genealogy in the New Era

三、实践自觉：新时代赓续中国共产党人精神谱系的路径

The ultimate destination of cultural self-awareness lies in practice. Marx pointed out: “All social life is essentially practical. All mysteries which lead theory into mysticism find their rational solution in human practice and in the understanding of this practice.” The Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy can only be continued and revitalized through conscious practice in the New Era.

文化自觉的最终归宿在于实践。马克思指出：“全部社会生活在本质上是实践的。凡是把理论引向神秘主义的神秘东西，都能在人的实践中以及对这种实践的理解中得到合理的解决。”中国共产党人精神谱系只有在新时代的自觉实践中才能赓续传承、焕发生机。

1. Upholding the Party’s Cultural Leadership and Subjectivity as the Fundamental Prerequisite for Continuation

1.以坚持党的文化领导权与主体性为赓续的根本前提

The prerequisite for practical self-awareness is clarifying the fundamental question of who continues the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy. The Chinese Communist Party is both the creative subject of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy and the fundamental guarantee for its continuation.

实践自觉的前提是明确谁来赓续中国共产党人精神谱系这一根本性问题。中国共产党既是中国共产党人精神谱系的创造主体，也是其赓续传承的根本保证。

The Party is the highest subject and core driving force of cultural self-awareness. Continuing the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy in the New Era requires unwaveringly upholding the Party’s comprehensive leadership over ideological work and firmly grasping cultural leadership. “Throughout history, any political party seeking to seize and hold political power, and any regime seeking long-term stability, must do a good job of public opinion work.” This requires the Party to be both the active interpreter of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy and to bear the responsibility of being a model practitioner. By formulating major policies, coordinating cultural resources, and guiding social trends, the Party ensures that the continuation always proceeds along the correct political and cultural direction. Party organizations at all levels and Party members and cadres must lead by example, integrating the great spirit into the entire process of Party building, and through their own exemplary actions, make the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy observable, tangible, and learnable, thereby effectively preventing its misinterpretation, dilution, or trivialization during dissemination.

党是文化自觉的最高主体与核心推动力量，新时代赓续中国共产党人精神谱系必须毫不动摇地坚持党对意识形态工作的全面领导，牢牢掌握文化领导权。“古今中外，任何政党要夺取和掌握政权，任何政权要实现长治久安，都必须抓好舆论工作。”这就要求党既要成为中国共产党人精神谱系的主动诠释者，又要承担模范践行者的责任，通过制定大政方针、统筹文化资源、引领社会思潮等方式，确保赓续始终沿着正确的政治方向和文化方向前进。各级党组织和党员干部必须以身作则，将伟大精神融入党的建设全过程，并通过自身的模范行动，使中国共产党人精神谱系可观、可感、可学，从而有效防止其在传播过程中被误读、淡化或庸俗化。

The Party’s cultural leadership is not achieved once and for all; the Party must promote its spirit of self-revolution to ensure that the continuation of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy always maintains its advanced nature. On the one hand, the Party must constantly examine itself with a critical and reflective eye, daring to confront issues such as formalism and dogmatism that may arise in the process of transmission, and resolutely struggle against all erroneous words and deeds that weaken, distort, or negate the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy. On the other hand, the Party must continuously inject new contemporary connotations into the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy through ongoing theoretical innovation and practical exploration, ensuring it never becomes rigid or stagnant. Only with the courage to turn the blade inward and continuously achieve self-purification, self-improvement, self-innovation, and self-enhancement can the Party maintain its vitality and dynamism as the highest subject of cultural self-awareness, ensuring the directionality and guiding role of the continuation of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy.

党的文化领导权并非一劳永逸，必须发扬党的自我革命精神，确保中国共产党人精神谱系的赓续始终具有先进性。一方面，党要时刻以批判性、反思性的眼光审视自身，勇于直面在传承过程中可能出现的形式主义、教条主义等问题，坚决同一切削弱、歪曲、否定中国共产党人精神谱系的错误言行作斗争。另一方面，党要通过持续的理论创新和实践探索，不断为中国共产党人精神谱系注入新的时代内涵，使其永不僵化、永不停滞。唯有以刀刃向内的勇气不断实现自我净化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高，党才能始终保持作为文化自觉最高主体的生机与活力，确保中国共产党人精神谱系赓续的方向性与引领性。

2. Deepening the Innovative Inheritance of the “Two Integrations”[n] as the Core Mechanism for Continuation

2.以深化“两个结合”的创新性传承为赓续的核心机制

On June 2, 2023, in his speech at the Conference on Cultural Heritage and Development, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “The positive and negative lessons of history show that the ‘Two Integrations’ are the greatest magic weapon for our success.” Continuation is by no means simple replication, but innovative transmission. The vitality of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy derives from its close integration with the times and with practice; the “Two Integrations” are the fundamental path of its generation and must also be the core mechanism of its continuation.

2023年6月2日，习近平总书记在文化传承发展座谈会上的讲话中指出：“历史正反两方面的经验表明，‘两个结合’是我们取得成功的最大法宝。”赓续绝非简单复刻，而是创新的传承。中国共产党人精神谱系的生命力源于其与时代和实践的紧密结合，“两个结合”是其生成的根本之道，也必然是其赓续的核心机制。

Adhering to the “First Integration” ensures that the continuation of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy is deeply rooted in the magnificent soil of contemporary Chinese practice. The Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy is not a set of immutable dogmas; its own epochal character determines that the basic principles of Marxism must be integrated with the conditions of the world, the nation, the Party, and the people in the New Era, so as to achieve a creative transformation of its content. For example, the promotion of the spirit of arduous struggle, in the New Era, is more concretely embodied in the exhaustive efforts of scientific and technological攻关[n], the tenacious struggle in market competition, and the hard, solid work in rural revitalization. We must, according to the demands of the times, transform the value concepts of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy into a philosophy of action and a working method for solving practical problems in the new stage of development, enabling it to display new appeal in responding to real-world challenges, thereby achieving genuine innovative transmission.

坚持“第一个结合”，确保中国共产党人精神谱系的赓续深深植根于当代中国波澜壮阔的实践土壤。中国共产党人精神谱系不是一成不变的教条，其本身的时代性决定着应将马克思主义基本原理与新时代的世情、国情、党情、民情相结合，实现其内涵的创造性转化。如对艰苦奋斗精神的弘扬，在新时代就更体现为科技攻关中的殚精竭虑、市场竞争中的顽强拼搏、乡村振兴中的苦干实干。我们必须根据时代要求，将中国共产党人精神谱系的价值理念转化为解决新发展阶段中实际问题的一种行动哲学和工作方法，使其在回应现实挑战中展现新的感召力，从而实现真正的创新性传承。

Adhering to the “Second Integration” ensures that the continuation of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy possesses a broader cultural space and greater future possibilities. “The continuation of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy should be placed within the 5,000-year history of Chinese civilization, drawing deeply from the rich soil of fine traditional Chinese culture to excavate the historical essence that nourishes the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy, thereby enhancing the historical self-awareness of its continuation.” Guided by this historical self-awareness, we promote the deep integration of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy with the Chinese nation’s worldview, view of the world order, social outlook, and moral outlook. For example, the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind can be linked with the traditional idea of “great harmony under heaven”; comprehensive and strict governance of the Party can be linked with the tradition of “cultivating the self, regulating the family, governing the state, and bringing peace to the world”; and common prosperity can be linked with the social ideals of moderate prosperity and great harmony, through creative connections and epochal interpretations. This integration will enable the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy to acquire deeper national roots and stronger civilizational carrying capacity, better fulfilling the value functions of building internal consensus and facilitating inter-civilizational dialogue, thereby opening up infinite possibilities for development.

坚持“第二个结合”，确保中国共产党人精神谱系的赓续具有更为广阔的文化空间和未来可能性。“赓续中国共产党精神谱系，应该放置于中华5000多年的文明史，从中华优秀传统文化的厚重土壤中，深挖滋育中国共产党精神谱系的历史精华，增进赓续中国共产党精神谱系的历史自觉。”在此历史自觉的引导下，推动中国共产党人精神谱系与中华民族的宇宙观、天下观、社会观、道德观深度融通。如将人类命运共同体理念与天下大同思想，全面从严治党与“修身齐家治国平天下”传统，共同富裕与小康、大同社会理想进行创造性链接和时代化阐释。这种结合将使中国共产党人精神谱系获得更为深厚的民族根性和更为强大的文明承载力，能够更好发挥内聚共识与文明互鉴的价值功能，从而开启发展的无限可能。

3. Taking Integration into the Entire Process of Chinese-Path Modernization as the Practical Carrier of Continuation

3.以融入中国式现代化全过程为赓续的实践载体

The continuation of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy cannot remain at the theoretical level; it must be implemented through concrete, everyday practical carriers, integrating it into the great currents of national development and people’s lives. The great practice of Chinese-path modernization is precisely its broadest and most vivid carrier.

中国共产党人精神谱系的赓续不能停留在理论层面，必须落实到具象化的、日常化的实践载体，使其融入国家发展与人民生活的洪流之中，中国式现代化的伟大实践正是其最广阔、最生动的载体。

By integrating into high-quality development, the primary task of modernization construction, we can revitalize the vitality of the continuation of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy. “For a given ideology to become the spiritual self-awareness that guides people in creating material forces, it must rely on ‘people who use practical forces.’” For example, promoting specific spirits such as entrepreneurship and craftsmanship can directly act upon the key subjects of high-quality development: promoting the entrepreneurial spirit encourages entrepreneurs, while creating economic value, to take on the responsibilities of being the main force of innovation and providers of employment, embedding the sentiment of serving the country through industry and revitalizing the nation through enterprise into corporate strategy; advocating the spirit of craftsmanship means embedding it in every link from basic manufacturing to high-tech R&D, injecting the most solid spiritual impetus into building a strong manufacturing nation and a nation of quality. Through the deep integration of the spiritual genealogy with economic activities, a socialist market economy model with Chinese characteristics, rich in spirit, can be shaped.

以融入高质量发展这一现代化建设的首要任务，焕发中国共产党人精神谱系赓续的生命力。“一定的意识形态要想成为指引人们进行物质力量创造的精神自觉，必须依靠‘使用实践力量的人’。”例如，弘扬企业家精神、工匠精神等具体精神，能够直接作用于关乎高质量发展的关键主体：弘扬企业家精神，鼓励企业家在创造经济价值的同时，担当起创新主力军和就业提供者的责任，将产业报国、实业兴邦的情怀融入企业战略；推崇工匠精神，将其贯穿于从基础制造到高科技研发的每一个环节，为建设制造强国、质量强国注入最坚实的精神动力。通过精神谱系与经济活动的深度融合，塑造具有中国特色的、精神充盈的社会主义市场经济模式。

By nourishing common prosperity, an important goal of modernization construction, we can stimulate the cohesive power of the continuation of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes: “Our goal is not the prosperity of a minority, but common prosperity for all the people.” The Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy is a powerful adhesive for building social consensus and advancing fairness and justice. Continuously practicing the spirit of poverty alleviation—“unity of purpose from top to bottom, deploying all elite forces, being precise and pragmatic, pioneering and innovative, overcoming difficulties, and living up to the people”—and transforming it into a powerful force for promoting rural revitalization, narrowing the urban-rural and regional development gaps, and constructing a coordinated system of basic institutional arrangements for primary, secondary, and tertiary distribution. We should widely advocate the spirit of struggle and dedication throughout society, encouraging those who have become prosperous first to help those who come later, guiding social members to care for disadvantaged groups while pursuing individual happiness, actively participating in public welfare and charity, and fostering an atmosphere of solidarity, mutual assistance, harmony, and friendship at the societal level, making common prosperity not only an economic goal but also a tangible social spirit and cultural form.

以滋养共同富裕这一现代化建设的重要目标，激发中国共产党人精神谱系赓续的凝聚力。习近平总书记强调：“我们的目标不是少数人的富裕，而是全体人民共同富裕。”中国共产党人精神谱系是凝聚社会共识、推进公平正义的强大黏合剂。持续践行“上下同心、尽锐出战、精准务实、开拓创新、攻坚克难、不负人民”的脱贫攻坚精神，使其转化为推进乡村振兴、缩小城乡区域发展差距，构建初次分配、再分配、三次分配协调配套基础性制度安排的强大动力。在全社会广泛倡导奋斗奉献精神，鼓励先富带后富，引导社会成员在追求个体幸福的同时关爱社会弱势群体，积极参与公益慈善，在社会层面营造团结互助、和谐友爱的氛围，让共同富裕不仅是一个经济目标，更成为一种可感可触的社会精神和文化形态。

By realizing the modernization of the people, the ultimate goal of modernization construction, we can consolidate the practical foundation for the continuation of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy. General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly pointed out: “The essence of modernization is the modernization of people.” The people’s aspiration for a better life is the most fundamental value pursuit of Chinese-path modernization. With the goal of realizing the modernization of people, the key is to deeply integrate the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy into school education, cadre education, and social education, thereby consolidating the practical foundation for its continued development. First, through the reform of ideological and political education courses, integrating ideological and political education across the curriculum, and social practice, we guide the vast number of young people to display a spiritual outlook of self-confidence and self-reliance, upholding integrity and innovation, and being sharp and enterprising, enabling them to both cherish their dreams and stay grounded, becoming steadfast inheritors, conscious practitioners, and active promoters of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy, thereby ensuring the great cause has successors and is passed down from generation to generation. Second, through education and training for Party members and cadres, theoretical study, and field research, we strive to cultivate in Party members and cadres of the New Era a deep understanding, conscious internalization, and active practice of the ideals and beliefs, people-centered stance, and practical character embodied in the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy. Finally, through literary and artistic works, ritual education, and volunteer service, we guide the public to strengthen collective memory, Party identity, and cultural confidence, meeting the spiritual and cultural needs of the people while building a spiritual home for the modernization of people.

以实现人的现代化这一现代化建设的最终目的，筑牢中国共产党人精神谱系赓续的实践根基。习近平总书记明确指出，“现代化的本质是人的现代化”。人民对美好生活的向往，是中国式现代化最根本的价值追求。以实现人的现代化为目标，关键是将中国共产党人精神谱系深度融入学校教育、干部教育与社会教育，以此夯实其赓续发展的实践基础。首先，通过思政课改革、课程思政、社会实践等方式，引导广大青少年展现自信自强、守正创新、锐意进取的精神风貌，使他们既怀抱梦想又脚踏实地，成为中国共产党人精神谱系的坚定传承者、自觉践行者和积极弘扬者，从而确保伟大事业后继有人、薪火相传。其次，通过党员干部教育培训、理论学习、实地调研等方式，着力培育新时代党员干部深刻领悟、自觉内化、积极践行中国共产党人精神谱系中的理想信念、人民立场和实干品格等。最后，通过文艺作品、仪式教育、志愿服务等方式，引导公众强化集体记忆、政党认同、文化自信，在满足人民群众的精神文化需求的同时，为人的现代化筑牢精神家园。

4. Taking the Construction of a Narrative System and the Innovation of Discourse Expression as the Communication Strategy for Continuation

4.以构建叙事体系与创新话语表达为赓续的传播策略

“The cohesive and guiding power of socialist ideology depends not only on its persuasive and compelling content but also on its widespread and effective dissemination.” In the information age, the effective dissemination of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy is a necessary condition for its continuation. Its communication strategy must grasp the new laws of communication, build a matching narrative system and mode of discourse, and enhance the attractiveness,感染力[n], and influence of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy in the New Era.

“社会主义意识形态的凝聚力和引领力，既取决于富有说服力、感召力的内容，也取决于广泛有效的传播。”信息时代，中国共产党人精神谱系的有效传播是赓续的必要途径，其传播策略需把握新的传播规律，构建与之相匹配的叙事体系和话语方式，增强中国共产党人精神谱系在新时代的吸引力、感染力、影响力。

The dissemination of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual genealogy must break away from formulaic, routinized propaganda discourse, be adept at using storytelling methods, and create new concepts, new categories, and new expressions that can bridge China and the world, constructing a Chinese discourse and Chinese narrative system. First, the narrative system must follow the principle of unifying historical logic and theoretical logic, being able to both explain the historical origins and clarify the theoretical content. Second, the narrative system must be able to achieve the mutual transformation of political discourse, academic discourse, and popular discourse, lowering the cognitive threshold, enhancing emotional resonance, and ensuring that profound theories can be understood, accepted, and liked by the public. Finally, the narrative system must be able to achieve the integration of national discourse and world discourse, using ways that the international community can hear and understand to tell the story behind the Chinese spirit and explain the universal values of all humanity embodied within it. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “I hope everyone will continue to promote Chinese culture, not only drawing spiritual strength from it themselves but also actively promoting exchanges and mutual learning between Chinese and foreign civilizations.” For example, the Silk Road spirit, centered on peaceful cooperation, openness and tolerance, mutual learning, and mutual benefit, can be combined with the global governance concept of joint consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits, demonstrating its important value for promoting world peace and development.

中国共产党人精神谱系的传播要打破程式化、套路化的宣传话语，善于运用讲故事的方式，打造融通中外的新概念、新范畴、新表述，构建中国话语和中国叙事体系。首先，叙事体系要遵循历史逻辑与理论逻辑相统一的原则，既能讲清历史由来，也能阐明理论内涵；其次，叙事体系要能够实现政治话语、学术话语与大众话语相互转化，降低认知门槛，增强情感共鸣，确保高深的理论能够被社会公众认知、接受并喜爱；最后，叙事体系要能够实现民族话语与世界话语相融通，要用国际社会能听懂、能理解的方式，讲述中国精神背后的故事，阐释其中体现的全人类共同价值。习近平总书记指出，“希望大家继续弘扬中华文化，不仅自己要从中汲取精神力量，而且要积极推动中外文明交流互鉴”。如将以和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢为核心的丝路精神与共商共建共享的全球治理观相结合，展现其对于促进世界和平发展的重要价值。

The dissemination of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists must make full use of digital technology, innovating digitalized and era-appropriate models of communication and education, breaking through the constraints of time and space, and expanding the scope of influence. First, utilize big data, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, augmented reality and other technologies to create immersive, interactive digital experience halls, cloud exhibitions, and online classrooms, allowing users to deeply feel the ritual sense and shocking power of history through immersive experiences. Second, make good use of short videos, animation, games, rap, livestreaming and other new media forms popular among the younger generation, combining traditional spirit with contemporary issues to create classic products, achieving precise and segmented communication. Finally, promote the deep integration of communication and education, transforming digital products into online-offline hybrid teaching resources, constructing a spiritual education classroom that spans time and space and never ends, ensuring that the work of continuation truly embodies the spirit of the times, grasps the laws, and is rich in creativity.

中国共产党人精神谱系的传播要充分运用数字技术，创新数字化、时代化的传播与教育模式，突破时空限制，扩大影响范围。首先，利用大数据、人工智能、虚拟现实、增强现实等技术，打造沉浸式、互动式的数字体验馆、云展览、网络课堂，让用户在沉浸式体验中深刻感受历史的仪式感和震撼力量。其次，善用短视频、动漫、游戏、说唱、直播等青年一代喜闻乐见的新媒体形态，将传统精神与当代议题相结合，打造经典产品，实现精准化、分众化传播。最后，推动传播与教育的深度融合，将数字产品转化为线上线下混合式教学资源，构建起跨越时空、永不下课的精神教育课堂，使赓续工作真正做到体现时代性、把握规律性、富于创造性。

Conclusion

结语

"Spirit is the soul on which a nation depends for long-term survival; only when the spirit reaches a certain height can the nation stand firm and forge ahead in the torrent of history." Chinese Communists deeply understand the importance of spirit, striving to consciously engage in spiritual production practice while transforming the material world. The generation and continuation of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists is a vivid interpretation of this cultural self-awareness. Cultural self-awareness not only constitutes the internal driving mechanism for the formation and development of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists, but also highlights the historical initiative and cultural creativity of the Chinese Communist Party. In the process from the self-awareness of generation to the self-awareness of value and then to the self-awareness of practice, profound cultural self-awareness runs through the entire process. By introducing the core concept of "cultural self-awareness," promoting research in this field to transition from historical narrative or connotation interpretation to mechanism analysis not only helps deepen the understanding of the essential characteristics and spiritual advantages of the Chinese Communist Party, providing some theoretical support for constructing China's independent knowledge system, but also helps systematically explain the continuation path of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists, offering practical inspiration for consolidating cultural subjectivity in the New Era, advancing cultural-ethical progress, and strengthening the spiritual power for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

“精神是一个民族赖以长久生存的灵魂，唯有精神上达到一定的高度，这个民族才能在历史的洪流中屹立不倒、奋勇向前。”中国共产党人深知精神的重要性，力求在改造物质世界的同时自觉进行精神生产实践，中国共产党人精神谱系的生成与赓续就是这一文化自觉的生动诠释。文化自觉不仅构成了中国共产党人精神谱系形成与发展的内在动力机制，更凸显了中国共产党的历史主动性与文化创造性。在从生成自觉到价值自觉再到实践自觉的过程中，深刻的文化自觉贯穿始终。通过引入“文化自觉”这一核心概念，推动该领域的研究从历史叙事或内涵阐释向机理分析转型，不仅有助于深化人们对中国共产党本质特征和精神优势的理解，为建构中国自主知识体系提供一定学理支持，而且有助于系统阐释中国共产党人精神谱系的赓续路径，为新时代巩固文化主体性、推进精神文明建设、增强实现中华民族伟大复兴的精神力量提供实践启示。