Opening Up New Horizons in the Political Economy of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

Since reform and opening up, and especially since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, our Party has upheld the integration of the basic principles of Marxist political economy with China's specific realities and with China's fine traditional culture, continuously liberating and developing the productive forces, driving historic achievements and historic changes in China's economic development, and creating a miracle of rapid economic growth. In the development of economic theory, it has also achieved pioneering accomplishments, founding and developing the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Xi Jinping's economic thought is the latest achievement of the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics, opening up new horizons for it, and making important original contributions to enriching and developing Marxist political economy. The first volume of *Selected Works of Xi Jinping on Economics*, recently published and distributed, contains 74 of the most important and fundamental works by General Secretary Xi Jinping on economic development from November 2012 to December 2024, providing an authoritative textbook for the entire Party and people of all ethnic groups across the country to deeply study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping's economic thought. To study and implement the first volume of *Selected Works of Xi Jinping on Economics*, we must deeply study General Secretary Xi Jinping's important discourses on upholding and developing the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and profoundly comprehend the truth power and practical force of Xi Jinping's economic thought in the integration of theory and practice.

改革开放以来特别是党的十八大以来，我们党坚持把马克思主义政治经济学基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合，不断解放和发展社会生产力，推动我国经济发展取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革，创造了经济快速发展奇迹；在经济理论发展方面也取得了开创性成就，创立并发展了中国特色社会主义政治经济学。习近平经济思想是中国特色社会主义政治经济学的最新成果，开拓了中国特色社会主义政治经济学新境界，为丰富发展马克思主义政治经济学作出了重要原创性贡献。前不久出版发行的《习近平经济文选》第一卷，收入习近平总书记2012年11月至2024年12月期间关于经济建设最重要、最基本的著作74篇，为全党全国各族人民深入学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想特别是习近平经济思想提供了权威教材。学习贯彻《习近平经济文选》第一卷，要深入学习习近平总书记关于坚持和发展中国特色社会主义政治经济学的重要论述，在理论和实践的结合中深刻领悟习近平经济思想的真理力量和实践伟力。

A New Leap in Adapting Marxist Political Economy to the Chinese Context and the Needs of the Times

马克思主义政治经济学中国化时代化的新飞跃

Xi Jinping's economic thought has achieved a new leap in adapting Marxist political economy to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. Marxist political economy is the "most profound, most comprehensive, and most detailed proof and application" of Marxist theory. Marx and Engels, employing the worldview and methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, critically inherited the intellectual achievements of earlier economics, especially British classical political economy, and through in-depth research on human economic activity, founded Marxist political economy, revealing the laws of economic movement of human society, especially capitalist society, revealing the historical inevitability of socialism replacing capitalism, and making scientific predictions about the economic features of future socialism and communism, providing scientific guidance for socialist revolution and construction.

习近平经济思想实现了马克思主义政治经济学中国化时代化的新飞跃。马克思主义政治经济学是马克思主义理论“最深刻、最全面、最详尽的证明和运用”。马克思、恩格斯运用辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的世界观和方法论，批判继承历史上经济学特别是英国古典政治经济学的思想成果，通过对人类经济活动的深入研究，创立了马克思主义政治经济学，揭示了人类社会特别是资本主义社会的经济运动规律，揭示了社会主义取代资本主义的历史必然性，并对未来社会主义和共产主义的经济特征进行了科学预测，为社会主义革命和建设提供了科学指南。

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in "Continuously Opening Up New Horizons in the Political Economy of Contemporary Chinese Marxism": "Marxist political economy is an important component of Marxism and a required course for us to uphold and develop Marxism." The Communist Party of China takes Marxism as the fundamental guiding ideology for founding the Party and the state, has always attached importance to the study, research, and application of Marxist political economy, insisted on using Marxist political economy to guide economic construction practice, and in practice continuously advanced the adaptation of Marxist political economy to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, winning one victory after another on the economic front.

习近平总书记在《不断开拓当代中国马克思主义政治经济学新境界》中指出：“马克思主义政治经济学是马克思主义的重要组成部分，也是我们坚持和发展马克思主义的必修课。”中国共产党以马克思主义为立党立国的根本指导思想，历来重视对马克思主义政治经济学的学习、研究、运用，坚持用马克思主义政治经济学指导经济建设实践，并在实践中不断推进马克思主义政治经济学的中国化时代化，在经济战线上夺取一个又一个胜利。

After the founding of New China, facing the difficult historical task of building a socialist economy in a large country like China, which accounted for nearly one-quarter of the world's population and was extremely backward economically and culturally, Comrade Mao Zedong called on Party cadres at all levels to seriously study and research socialist political economy, create new theories, write new works, and produce their own theorists, and in light of China's actual conditions put forward a series of original theoretical viewpoints on developing a socialist economy, striving to explore a path of socialist economic construction and a socialist political economy suited to China's national conditions.

新中国成立后，面对在中国这样一个占世界人口近1/4、经济文化十分落后的大国建设社会主义经济的艰难历史任务，毛泽东同志号召全党干部认真学习研究社会主义政治经济学，创造新的理论，写出新的著作，产生自己的理论家，并结合中国实际提出了发展社会主义经济的一系列独创性理论观点，努力探索符合中国国情的社会主义经济建设道路和社会主义政治经济学。

After reform and opening up, centering on the entirely new historical subject of developing the socialist economy with Chinese characteristics, Comrade Deng Xiaoping explicitly put forward the major theoretical proposition of developing a "political economy that integrates the basic principles of Marxism with the practice of Chinese socialism." Our Party strove to pioneer and create in the integration of theory and practice, successfully realizing the transformation from a highly centralized planned economy to a vibrant socialist market economy, insisted on developing the socialist economy with Chinese characteristics, opened up new horizons for economic development, formed many important theoretical achievements of contemporary Chinese Marxist political economy, and initially formed the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

改革开放后，围绕发展中国特色社会主义经济这一全新的历史课题，邓小平同志明确提出发展“马克思主义基本原理和中国社会主义实践相结合的政治经济学”的重大理论命题。我们党在理论和实践的结合上奋力开拓创造，成功实现了从高度集中的计划经济体制到充满活力的社会主义市场经济体制的转变，坚持发展中国特色社会主义经济，打开了经济发展的新天地，形成了当代中国马克思主义政治经济学的许多重要理论成果，初步形成了中国特色社会主义政治经济学。

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, in the practice of guiding and promoting China's economic development in the New Era, has formed and developed Xi Jinping's economic thought. Xi Jinping's economic thought is an important component of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, a systematic theoretical summary of the practical experience of economic development in the New Era, a precious intellectual crystallization formed by the Communist Party of China in its unremitting exploration of the path of socialist economic development, comprehensively, centrally, and profoundly reflecting our Party's new understanding of the laws of economic development, especially the laws of socialist economic development, providing a sharp ideological weapon for promoting high-quality development of China's economy, scientifically responding to major risks and challenges, and comprehensively building a modern socialist country, leading China's economic development to achieve historic achievements and historic changes, and realizing a new leap in adapting Marxist political economy to the Chinese context and the needs of the times.

党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央在指导推动新时代我国经济发展的实践中，形成和发展了习近平经济思想。习近平经济思想是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的重要组成部分，是对新时代经济发展实践经验的系统理论概括，是中国共产党不懈探索社会主义经济发展道路形成的宝贵思想结晶，全面、集中、深刻反映了我们党对经济发展规律特别是社会主义经济发展规律的新认识，为推动我国经济高质量发展、科学应对重大风险挑战、全面建设社会主义现代化国家提供了锐利思想武器，引领我国经济发展取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革，实现了马克思主义政治经济学中国化时代化的新飞跃。

Every new insight proposed by a science contains a "revolution in terminology" of that science. China's reform and opening up and economic development have achieved remarkable achievements that have attracted worldwide attention, and the development of Chinese economic theory reflecting these great achievements has also yielded rich results. Academia and theoretical circles have conducted sustained and in-depth discussions on what categories should be used to summarize the scientific attributes of these theoretical achievements, and whether these theories possess subjectivity and originality, and whether they can become an independent science, reaching many important consensuses, but also with some differing views. Can China establish an autonomous economics? Where should the development of Chinese economics go? These are major theoretical questions of great concern to people. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping, deeply grasping the requirements of the times for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, has clearly and unequivocally stated that whether our philosophy and social sciences have Chinese characteristics ultimately depends on whether they have subjectivity and originality; pointed out that accelerating the construction of a philosophy and social sciences system with Chinese characteristics ultimately lies in constructing China's autonomous system of knowledge; creatively proposed the new scientific category of the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics; emphasized that the contemporary socialist political economy of China should be vigorously promoted and discussed, that the major principles of the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics should be upheld, that the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics should be upheld and developed, that the theoretical system of the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics should be continuously improved, and that the construction of an economic discipline fully embodying Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese bearing should be advanced. These important discourses have set the direction for the development of the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics, greatly enhanced people's consciousness and confidence, confidence and backbone in developing the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics, made the subjectivity of the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics stand tall, and made people's understanding of the subjectivity of the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics suddenly clear. This is a "revolution in terminology" in economics, and also a revolution in economic theory, marking that our Party has reached a new height in advancing the adaptation of Marxist political economy to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, reached a new height in consciousness and confidence in economic theory, opened up broad paths for the innovative development of the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and has milestone significance in the history of the development of Marxist political economy.

一门科学提出的每一种新见解，都包含这门科学的“术语的革命”。我国改革开放和经济发展取得了举世瞩目的巨大成就，反映这一巨大成就的中国经济理论的发展，也取得了丰硕成果。学术界、理论界对于用什么样的范畴概括这些理论成果的科学属性，以及这些理论是否具有主体性、原创性，能否成为独立的科学等问题进行了持续深入探讨，取得许多重要共识，但也存在一些不同认识。中国能否建立起自主的经济学？中国经济学发展该向何处去？这是人们十分关注的重大理论问题。党的十八大以来，习近平总书记深刻把握坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的时代要求，旗帜鲜明地提出，我们的哲学社会科学有没有中国特色，归根到底要看有没有主体性、原创性；指出加快构建中国特色哲学社会科学，归根结底是建构中国自主的知识体系；创造性地提出了中国特色社会主义政治经济学这一新的科学范畴；强调当代中国社会主义政治经济学要大讲特讲，坚持中国特色社会主义政治经济学的重大原则，坚持和发展中国特色社会主义政治经济学，不断完善中国特色社会主义政治经济学理论体系，推进充分体现中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的经济学科建设。这些重要论述，为中国特色社会主义政治经济学的发展举旗定向，极大增强了人们对发展中国特色社会主义政治经济学的自觉和自信、底气和骨气，使中国特色社会主义政治经济学的主体性巍然屹立起来，使人们对中国特色社会主义政治经济学主体性的认识豁然开朗起来。这是经济学“术语的革命”，也是经济学理论的革命，标志着我们党在推进马克思主义政治经济学中国化时代化上达到了新的高度，在经济理论上的自觉自信达到了新的高度，为中国特色社会主义政治经济学创新发展开辟了广阔道路，在马克思主义政治经济学发展史上具有里程碑意义。

Continuously Opening Up New Horizons in the Political Economy of Contemporary Chinese Marxism

不断开拓当代中国马克思主义政治经济学新境界

General Secretary Xi Jinping attaches great importance to the innovative development of Marxist political economy and has explicitly set forth the task of the times to continuously open new horizons in the political economy of contemporary Chinese Marxism. In his work *Continuously Opening New Horizons in the Political Economy of Contemporary Chinese Marxism*, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: now, various economic theories abound, but the fundamental basis of our political economy can only be Marxist political economy, and not any other economic theory; although economics studies economic issues, it cannot be divorced from social politics, purely and simply; in the face of extremely complex domestic and international economic situations, and in the face of diverse and varied economic phenomena, studying the basic principles and methodology of Marxist political economy helps us master scientific methods of economic analysis, understand the process of economic movement, grasp the laws of social and economic development, improve our ability to manage the socialist market economy, and better answer the theoretical and practical questions of our country's economic development; studying Marxist political economy is for the purpose of better guiding the practice of our country's economic development, and we must not only uphold its basic principles and methodology, but also combine them with the reality of our country's economic development, continuously forming new theoretical achievements; for Marxist political economy to have vitality, it must advance with the times; and so on.

习近平总书记高度重视马克思主义政治经济学的创新发展，明确提出不断开拓当代中国马克思主义政治经济学新境界的时代任务。习近平总书记在《不断开拓当代中国马克思主义政治经济学新境界》中强调：现在，各种经济学理论五花八门，但我们政治经济学的根本只能是马克思主义政治经济学，而不能是别的什么经济理论；经济学虽然是研究经济问题，但不可能脱离社会政治，纯而又纯；面对极其复杂的国内外经济形势，面对纷繁多样的经济现象，学习马克思主义政治经济学基本原理和方法论，有利于我们掌握科学的经济分析方法，认识经济运动过程，把握社会经济发展规律，提高驾驭社会主义市场经济能力，更好回答我国经济发展的理论和实践问题；学习马克思主义政治经济学，是为了更好指导我国经济发展实践，既要坚持其基本原理和方法论，更要同我国经济发展实际相结合，不断形成新的理论成果；马克思主义政治经济学要有生命力，就必须与时俱进；等等。

As for how to open new horizons in the political economy of contemporary Chinese Marxism, General Secretary Xi Jinping has made systematic elaborations and set forth clear requirements in works such as *Deepening Understanding of Major Issues in Medium- and Long-Term Economic and Social Development*: first, guided by Marxist political economy, summarize and distill the great practical experience of our country's reform and opening up and socialist modernization, while also drawing on the beneficial components of Western economics; second, with regard to foreign, especially Western, economics, we must adhere to discarding the dross and retaining the essence, discarding the false and retaining the true, and adhere to taking ourselves as the mainstay and using them for our purposes, and we must not copy or mechanically transplant content that reflects the attributes of the capitalist system and its values, or content with Western ideological overtones; third, proceed from the national conditions, from Chinese practice and back to Chinese practice, write theses on the land of the motherland, and make theoretical and policy innovation conform to Chinese reality and possess Chinese characteristics; fourth, conduct in-depth research, observe the actual situation, put forward practical measures, fully reflect the actual circumstances, and make theoretical and policy innovation well-grounded and reasonable; fifth, grasp the laws, adhere to the Marxist stance, viewpoint, and method, see through appearances to the essence, explore long-term trends from short-term fluctuations, and make theoretical and policy innovation fully embody advanced nature and scientific nature; sixth, establish an international perspective, discuss the common issues facing humanity from the interaction between China and the world, and contribute Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to building a community with a shared future for mankind; seventh, focusing on the major issues facing the development of our country and the world, strive to put forward concepts, propositions, and solutions that can embody China's stance, China's wisdom, and China's values; eighth, take China as the reference point and the times as the reference point, base ourselves on China's reality, solve China's problems, continuously promote the creative transformation and innovative development of China's excellent traditional culture, and continuously advance knowledge innovation, theoretical innovation, and methodological innovation; and so on. These important expositions of General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly clarify the major principles for continuously enriching and developing Marxist political economy and the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New Era, and point out the correct direction and provide the fundamental guidance for constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics.

对于如何开拓当代中国马克思主义政治经济学新境界，习近平总书记在《深化对中长期经济社会发展重大问题的认识》等文中作出了系统阐述、提出了明确要求：一是以马克思主义政治经济学为指导，总结和提炼我国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的伟大实践经验，同时借鉴西方经济学的有益成分；二是对国外特别是西方经济学，我们要坚持去粗取精、去伪存真，坚持以我为主、为我所用，对其中反映资本主义制度属性、价值观念的内容，对其中具有西方意识形态色彩的内容，不能照抄照搬；三是从国情出发，从中国实践中来、到中国实践中去，把论文写在祖国大地上，使理论和政策创新符合中国实际、具有中国特色；四是深入调研，察实情、出实招，充分反映实际情况，使理论和政策创新有根有据、合情合理；五是把握规律，坚持马克思主义立场、观点、方法，透过现象看本质，从短期波动中探究长期趋势，使理论和政策创新充分体现先进性和科学性；六是树立国际视野，从中国和世界的联系互动中探讨人类面临的共同课题，为构建人类命运共同体贡献中国智慧、中国方案；七是围绕我国和世界发展面临的重大问题，着力提出能够体现中国立场、中国智慧、中国价值的理念、主张、方案；八是以中国为观照、以时代为观照，立足中国实际，解决中国问题，不断推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展，不断推进知识创新、理论创新、方法创新；等等。习近平总书记的这些重要论述，深刻阐明了新时代不断丰富和发展马克思主义政治经济学、中国特色社会主义政治经济学的重大原则，为构建中国经济学自主知识体系指明了正确方向、提供了根本遵循。

Making Important Original Contributions to Enriching and Developing Marxist Political Economy

为丰富和发展马克思主义政治经济学作出重要原创性贡献

At the 43rd collective study session of the Political Bureau of the 18th Central Committee, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Since the founding of New China, and especially since reform and opening up, China has undergone profound changes, and the Chinese people situated in this historic transformation are more qualified and more capable of revealing the historical experience and laws of development contained therein, and of making China's original contributions to the development of Marxism. We must have such theoretical consciousness, and even more so, such theoretical confidence." Xi Jinping's economic thought is a theoretical achievement with distinct subjectivity and originality created by our Party in leading the people in the great practice of developing the socialist economy with Chinese characteristics in the New Era, and it has made important original contributions to enriching and developing Marxist political economy.

习近平总书记在十八届中央政治局第四十三次集体学习时指出：“新中国成立以来特别是改革开放以来，中国发生了深刻变革，置身这一历史巨变之中的中国人更有资格、更有能力揭示这其中所蕴含的历史经验和发展规律，为发展马克思主义作出中国的原创性贡献。要有这样的理论自觉，更要有这样的理论自信。”习近平经济思想就是我们党领导人民在发展新时代中国特色社会主义经济的伟大实践中创造的具有鲜明主体性原创性的理论成果，为丰富和发展马克思主义政治经济学作出了重要原创性贡献。

The issues of the times are the driving force behind theoretical innovation. Marx, Engels, Lenin, and others all advanced theoretical innovation by thinking about and answering the issues of the times. The originality of Xi Jinping's economic thought comes from its scientific answer to the new issue of the times in the construction of the socialist economy with Chinese characteristics, and this new issue of the times is: it is necessary to systematically answer, in the combination of theory and practice, how to uphold and develop the socialist economy with Chinese characteristics in the New Era, achieve higher-quality, more efficient, fairer, more sustainable, and safer development, provide a solid economic base for comprehensively building a great modern socialist country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and contribute China's strength to promoting the healthy development of economic globalization and building a community with a shared future for mankind. In scientifically answering this issue of the times, Xi Jinping's economic thought adheres to the basic principles and methods of Marxist political economy, while at the same time adapting to new situations, responding to new challenges, and solving new problems, putting forward a series of new concepts, new categories, new expressions, new judgments, and new principles, and forming a series of new understandings of laws, mainly including:

时代课题是理论创新的驱动力。马克思、恩格斯、列宁等都是通过思考和回答时代课题来推进理论创新的。习近平经济思想的原创性，来自对中国特色社会主义经济建设新的时代课题的科学解答，这个新的时代课题就是：必须在理论和实践的结合中系统回答新时代如何坚持和发展中国特色社会主义经济，实现更高质量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持续、更为安全的发展，为全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现中华民族伟大复兴提供坚实经济基础，为推动经济全球化健康发展、推动构建人类命运共同体贡献中国力量。在对这一时代课题的科学解答中，习近平经济思想坚持马克思主义政治经济学的基本原理和方法，同时又适应新形势、应对新挑战、解决新问题，提出了一系列新概念、新范畴、新表述、新论断、新原理，形成了一系列新的规律性认识，主要包括：

It was innovatively proposed that the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is the fundamental guarantee for doing economic work well, strengthening the Party's overall leadership over economic work, and giving play to the Party's role as the core of leadership in commanding the overall situation and coordinating all parties; it was innovatively proposed to adhere to the people-centered development philosophy, insisting on development for the people, development relying on the people, and development achievements shared by the people, better meeting the people's aspirations for a better life, promoting the all-round development of the individual and the overall progress of society, and striving to promote more obvious substantive progress in common prosperity for all the people; it was innovatively proposed to establish and adhere to the development concepts of innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing, and implementing the new development philosophy clarified the guiding principles for China's modernization drive, which is the only way for China to grow and strengthen in the New Era, and to implement the new development philosophy throughout the entire process and in all fields of economic and social development; it was innovatively proposed that China's economy has shifted from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development, adhering to the theme of promoting high-quality development, and promoting the effective improvement of quality and reasonable growth of quantity in the economy; it was innovatively proposed to develop new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions, developing productive forces characterized by high technology, high efficiency, and high quality; it was innovatively proposed that public ownership as the mainstay with diverse forms of ownership developing together, distribution according to work as the mainstay with multiple forms of distribution coexisting, and the socialist market economy system constitute the basic socialist economic system; it was innovatively proposed to let the market play a decisive role in resource allocation, better play the role of the government, build a high-level socialist market economy system, and promote a better combination of an effective market and a proactive government; it was innovatively proposed that under the socialist market economy system, capital is an important link driving the agglomeration and allocation of various factors of production, and an important force promoting the development of social productive forces, and it is necessary to give play to the positive role of capital in promoting the development of social productive forces, and regulate and guide the healthy development of China's capital in accordance with the law; it was innovatively proposed to adhere to the coordinated efforts of deepening supply-side structural reform and expanding effective demand, and build a new development pattern with the domestic great cycle as the mainstay and the domestic and international dual cycles promoting each other; it was innovatively proposed to accelerate the construction of a modern economic system, accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system, deeply grasp the basic laws of promoting new industrialization in the New Era and the new journey, actively adapt to and lead the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, run the requirements of high-quality development through the entire process of new industrialization, organically combine building a manufacturing power with developing the digital economy and industrial informatization, and promote the synchronous development of new industrialization, informatization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization; it was innovatively proposed to adhere to integrated urban-rural development, take the path of socialist rural revitalization with Chinese characteristics, strengthen the organic combination of comprehensive rural revitalization and new urbanization, and promote the formation of a new type of worker-farmer and urban-rural relationship featuring mutual promotion between industry and agriculture, mutual complementarity between urban and rural areas, coordinated development, and common prosperity; it was innovatively proposed to unswervingly take the path of financial development with Chinese characteristics, accelerate the construction of a modern financial system with Chinese characteristics, actively cultivate a financial culture with Chinese characteristics, and promote the high-quality development of China's finance; it was innovatively proposed to promote high-level opening up to the outside world, promote inclusive and beneficial economic globalization, jointly build the Belt and Road Initiative with high quality, practice the common values of all mankind, implement the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative, and jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind; it was innovatively proposed to coordinate development and security, promote high-level security with high-quality development, and safeguard high-quality development with high-level security; it was innovatively proposed to adhere to correct working strategies and methods, analyze the current economic situation with a comprehensive, dialectical, and long-term perspective, adhere to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, better grasp the relationship between stability and progress, and strive to cultivate new opportunities amid crises and open up new prospects amid changes; and so on.

创新性提出党中央集中统一领导是做好经济工作的根本保证，加强党对经济工作的全面领导，发挥党总揽全局、协调各方的领导核心作用；创新性提出坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，坚持发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享，更好满足人民对美好生活的向往，推动人的全面发展、社会全面进步，努力促进全体人民共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展；创新性提出树立和坚持创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，贯彻新发展理念明确了我国现代化建设的指导原则，是新时代我国发展壮大的必由之路，把新发展理念贯彻到经济社会发展全过程和各领域；创新性提出我国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段，坚持以推动高质量发展为主题，推动经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长；创新性提出因地制宜发展新质生产力，发展以高技术、高效能、高质量为特征的生产力；创新性提出公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展，按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存，社会主义市场经济体制等社会主义基本经济制度；创新性提出使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用，构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制，推动有效市场和有为政府更好结合；创新性提出在社会主义市场经济体制下，资本是带动各类生产要素集聚配置的重要纽带，是促进社会生产力发展的重要力量，要发挥资本促进社会生产力发展的积极作用，依法规范和引导我国资本健康发展；创新性提出坚持深化供给侧结构性改革和着力扩大有效需求协同发力，构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局；创新性提出加快建设现代化经济体系，加快建设现代化产业体系，深刻把握新时代新征程推进新型工业化的基本规律，积极主动适应和引领新一轮科技革命和产业变革，把高质量发展的要求贯穿新型工业化全过程，把建设制造强国同发展数字经济、产业信息化等有机结合，推动新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展；创新性提出坚持城乡融合发展，走中国特色社会主义乡村振兴道路，强化乡村全面振兴与新型城镇化有机结合，推动形成工农互促、城乡互补、协调发展、共同繁荣的新型工农城乡关系；创新性提出坚定不移走中国特色金融发展之路，加快构建中国特色现代金融体系，积极培育中国特色金融文化，推动我国金融高质量发展；创新性提出推进高水平对外开放，推动普惠包容的经济全球化，携手高质量共建“一带一路”，践行全人类共同价值，践行全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议，携手构建人类命运共同体；创新性提出统筹好发展和安全，以高质量发展促进高水平安全，以高水平安全保障高质量发展；创新性提出坚持正确工作策略和方法，坚持用全面、辩证、长远的眼光分析当前经济形势，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，更好把握稳和进的关系，努力在危机中育新机、于变局中开新局；等等。

These important original theoretical achievements, proceeding from the new changes in the domestic and international situation and the new requirements of practice in the New Era, profoundly answered the new questions of the times that the classic Marxist writers did not address, that our predecessors never encountered, and that Western economic theory cannot possibly solve, fully embodying the Marxist theoretical character of Xi Jinping's economic thought in upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, greatly enriching the theoretical treasury of Marxist political economy, endowing Marxist political economy with new connotations of the times, and making important original contributions to enriching and developing Marxist political economy.

这些重要原创性理论成果，从新时代国内外形势新变化和实践新要求出发，深刻回答了马克思主义经典作家没有讲过、我们的前人从未遇到过、西方经济理论不可能解决的时代新课题，充分体现了习近平经济思想守正创新的马克思主义理论品格，极大充实了马克思主义政治经济学的理论宝库，赋予马克思主义政治经济学以新的时代内涵，为丰富和发展马克思主义政治经济学作出了重要原创性贡献。

Continuously Improving the Theoretical System of Socialist Political Economy with Chinese Characteristics

不断完善中国特色社会主义政治经济学理论体系

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping has explicitly put forward the major topics of "refining and summarizing the regular achievements of China's economic development practice, and elevating practical experience into a systematized economic theory" and "continuously improving the theoretical system of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics," reflecting the objective situation and urgent requirements of the increasingly mature theory and practice of socialist economic development with Chinese characteristics.

党的十八大以来，习近平总书记明确提出“提炼和总结我国经济发展实践的规律性成果，把实践经验上升为系统化的经济学说”和“不断完善中国特色社会主义政治经济学理论体系”的重大课题，反映了中国特色社会主义经济发展在理论和实践上日益成熟的客观形势与迫切要求。

The *Political Economy Textbook* published in the Soviet Union in the 1950s established the basic framework of the traditional socialist political economy theoretical system. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, Comrade Mao Zedong systematically studied the Soviet *Political Economy Textbook* and expressed opinions on the issue of constructing the system of political economy. After reform and opening up, the academic community conducted more in-depth discussions on how to construct the theoretical system of socialist political economy, including issues such as the object and method, logical starting point, core categories, theme and main line, and theoretical structure, and the understanding that the theoretical system of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics differs from the traditional socialist political economy theoretical system gradually became clearer. Entering the New Era, the economic theory, economic system, and economic practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics have become increasingly rich and mature, and we therefore have a greater necessity and possibility to construct a "systematized economic theory" and demonstrate the scientific nature of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics with a more complete system. Xi Jinping's economic thought is the systematized economic theory and more complete theoretical system of China's economic development in the New Era.

20世纪50年代苏联出版的《政治经济学教科书》，确立了传统社会主义政治经济学理论体系的基本框架。20世纪50年代末60年代初，毛泽东同志系统研读了苏联《政治经济学教科书》，并就政治经济学的体系构建问题发表了意见。改革开放后，学术界对如何构建社会主义政治经济学理论体系，包括对象方法、逻辑起点、核心范畴、主题主线和理论结构等问题，进行了更为深入的探讨，对中国特色社会主义政治经济学理论体系不同于传统社会主义政治经济学理论体系的认识逐步清晰。进入新时代，中国特色社会主义经济理论、经济制度、经济实践日益丰富、日趋成熟，我们因此有了更大的必要和可能构建“系统化的经济学说”，用更加完备的体系论证中国特色社会主义政治经济学的科学性。习近平经济思想就是新时代我国经济发展系统化的经济学说和更加完备的理论体系。

This theoretical system has rigorous internal logic. Strengthening the Party's overall leadership over economic work is the fundamental guarantee for China's economic development; adhering to the people-centered development philosophy is the fundamental position of China's economic development; entering the new stage of development is the historical orientation of China's economic development; adhering to the new development philosophy is the guiding principle of China's economic development; building a new development pattern is the path choice for China's economic development; promoting high-quality development is the distinct theme of China's economic development; building a modern economic system is the strategic goal of China's economic development; adhering to and improving the basic socialist economic system is the institutional foundation of China's economic development; deploying and implementing major national development strategies is the strategic measure of China's economic development; adhering to innovation-driven development is the primary driving force of China's economic development; vigorously developing manufacturing and the real economy is the main focus of China's economic development; unswervingly expanding opening up in an all-round way is an important magic weapon for China's economic development; coordinating development and security is an important guarantee for China's economic development; adhering to correct working strategies and methods is the methodology for doing economic work well; and so on.

这一理论体系具有严密的内在逻辑。加强党对经济工作的全面领导，是我国经济发展的根本保证；坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，是我国经济发展的根本立场；进入新发展阶段，是我国经济发展的历史方位；坚持新发展理念，是我国经济发展的指导原则；构建新发展格局，是我国经济发展的路径选择；推动高质量发展，是我国经济发展的鲜明主题；建设现代化经济体系，是我国经济发展的战略目标；坚持和完善社会主义基本经济制度，是我国经济发展的制度基础；部署实施国家重大发展战略，是我国经济发展的战略举措；坚持创新驱动发展，是我国经济发展的第一动力；大力发展制造业和实体经济，是我国经济发展的主要着力点；坚定不移全面扩大开放，是我国经济发展的重要法宝；统筹发展和安全，是我国经济发展的重要保障；坚持正确工作策略和方法，是做好经济工作的方法论；等等。

This theoretical system has a clear theoretical theme, namely promoting high-quality development. It emphasizes that the fundamental task of socialism is to liberate and develop social productive forces, and that development is the Party's primary priority in governing and rejuvenating the country, and the foundation and key to solving all problems in China; it emphasizes that socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a New Era, and China's economic development has also entered a New Era, the basic feature of which is that China's economy has shifted from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development; it emphasizes that high-quality development is the primary task of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, the hard truth of the New Era, and the theme of China's economic and social development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period and even longer, concerning the overall situation of China's socialist modernization drive; it emphasizes that promoting high-quality development is the fundamental requirement for determining development ideas, formulating economic policies, and implementing macroeconomic regulation in the current and future period; it emphasizes that developing new quality productive forces is the inherent requirement and important focus for promoting high-quality development; and so on. Taking the promotion of high-quality development as the theme fully reflects the prominent characteristics of the times of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics in the New Era.

这一理论体系具有明确的理论主题，即推动高质量发展。强调社会主义的根本任务是解放和发展社会生产力，发展是党执政兴国的第一要务，是解决我国一切问题的基础和关键；强调中国特色社会主义进入了新时代，我国经济发展也进入了新时代，基本特征就是我国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段；强调高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务，是新时代的硬道理，是“十四五”乃至更长时期我国经济社会发展的主题，关系我国社会主义现代化建设全局；强调推动高质量发展是我们当前和今后一个时期确定发展思路、制定经济政策、实施宏观调控的根本要求；强调发展新质生产力是推动高质量发展的内在要求和重要着力点；等等。以推动高质量发展为主题，充分反映了新时代中国特色社会主义政治经济学突出的时代特征。

This theoretical system has a clear theoretical mainline, namely, adhering to the people-centered development philosophy. It emphasizes taking the enhancement of people's well-being, the promotion of people's all-round development, and steady progress toward common prosperity as the starting point and foothold of economic development; it emphasizes that the change in the principal contradiction facing Chinese society is a historic change affecting the overall situation, and that on the basis of continuing to promote development, efforts must be focused on resolving problems of unbalanced and inadequate development and better meeting the people's growing needs for a better life; it emphasizes that common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism and an important feature of Chinese-path modernization, placing the gradual realization of common prosperity for all the people in a more prominent position; it emphasizes adhering to the people-first and life-first principles, and upholding the people's life safety and physical health as the top priority; it emphasizes ensuring and improving people's livelihood through development, making continuous new progress in ensuring children's education, learning opportunities, employment, medical care, elderly care, housing, and assistance for the vulnerable; and so on. These important viewpoints profoundly reveal the value-guiding position of the people-centered development philosophy in socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics, elevating the systematization of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics to a new level.

这一理论体系具有清晰的理论主线，即坚持以人民为中心的发展思想。强调把增进人民福祉、促进人的全面发展、朝着共同富裕方向稳步前进作为经济发展的出发点和落脚点；强调我国社会主要矛盾的变化是关系全局的历史性变化，要在继续推动发展的基础上，着力解决好发展不平衡不充分问题，更好满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要；强调共同富裕是社会主义的本质要求，是中国式现代化的重要特征，把逐步实现全体人民共同富裕摆在更加重要的位置上；强调坚持人民至上、生命至上，坚持把人民生命安全和身体健康放在第一位；强调坚持在发展中保障和改善民生，在幼有所育、学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居、弱有所扶上不断取得新进展；等等。这些重要观点，深刻揭示了以人民为中心的发展思想在中国特色社会主义政治经济学中的价值引领地位，将中国特色社会主义政治经济学的体系化提高到一个新的水平。

This theoretical system adheres to the basic theories and methodology of Marxist political economy. Based on the reality of China's economic development in the New Era, it runs through the contradictory movement of productive forces and relations of production, and of the economic base and the superstructure, covering the main links of production, distribution, exchange, and consumption, as well as the main aspects of the basic economic system, economic institutions, economic operation, economic development, opening up to the outside world, macroeconomic governance, and working methods. It reveals through systematic doctrine the inherent laws of economic development, especially the development of the socialist economy, forming a complete and systematic theoretical system of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics for the New Era.

这一理论体系坚持马克思主义政治经济学的基本理论和方法论。立足新时代我国经济发展现实，贯穿生产力和生产关系、经济基础和上层建筑的矛盾运动，涵盖了生产、分配、交换、消费等主要环节和基本经济制度、经济体制、经济运行、经济发展、对外开放、宏观经济治理、工作方法等主要方面，用系统化的学说揭示了经济发展特别是社会主义经济发展的内在规律，形成了系统完整的新时代中国特色社会主义政治经济学理论体系。

The latest theoretical achievement of Marxist political economy in contemporary China and in the world of the 21st century

马克思主义政治经济学在当代中国、21世纪世界的最新理论成果

Xi Jinping's economic thought is the Marxist political economy of contemporary China, with distinct Chinese characteristics, and is also the Marxist political economy of the world in the 21st century, with major global significance; it is a scientific theory based on national conditions and guiding practice, and also a scientific theory that looks to the world and leads the times. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in "Long-Term Adherence to and Continuous Enrichment and Development of the Economic Thought of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for the New Era" that this thought is "the theoretical crystallization of the practice of promoting China's economic development, a rational generalization of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics using the basic principles of Marxism, and a very valuable spiritual wealth of the Party and the state, which must be adhered to for the long term and continuously enriched and developed."

习近平经济思想是当代中国的马克思主义政治经济学，具有鲜明的中国特色，也是21世纪世界的马克思主义政治经济学，具有重大的世界意义；是立足国情、指导实践的科学理论，也是放眼世界、引领时代的科学理论。习近平总书记在《长期坚持、不断丰富发展新时代中国特色社会主义经济思想》中指出，这一思想是“推动我国经济发展实践的理论结晶，是运用马克思主义基本原理对中国特色社会主义政治经济学的理性概括，是党和国家十分宝贵的精神财富，必须长期坚持、不断丰富发展”。

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The more national, the more international. By solving national problems well, one gains a stronger ability to solve world problems; by summarizing China's practice well, one gains a stronger ability to provide ideas and methods for solving world problems. This is the law of development from the particular to the universal." Xi Jinping's economic thought is a Chinese theory proposed on the basis of China's economic development practice and in solving China's economic development problems, and it is also a scientific theory summarized and generalized from China's economic development practice with universal significance. What it faces and is committed to answering and resolving includes not only particular problems concerning China's own development today, but also universal problems concerning the future of human social development. For example, in the economic system, how to handle the relationships between public and private ownership, government and market, and efficiency and fairness; in economic construction, how to handle the relationships between urban and rural areas, between regions, and between humanity and nature; in opening up, how to handle the relationships between domestic and international, autonomy and openness, and development and security; in economic development, whether to take the socialist road or the capitalist road, whether to adhere to a people-centered approach or a capital-centered approach, whether to serve the interests of the majority or the interests of the minority; and so on. Therefore, the economic laws revealed by this important thought include not only special laws applicable to the construction of a socialist economy with Chinese characteristics, but also universal laws applicable to the development of the socialist economy and the world economy today; its important influence occurs not only in contemporary China, but also in the contemporary world. In particular, this important thought was produced and developed in China, the world's largest developing country with a large population, a long history, and a profound cultural tradition, and it was produced and developed in China's economic form, which has created a miracle of rapid economic development and has become a powerful driving force for the prosperity and development of the world economy, possessing incomparable richness, originality, and historical significance, and it is bound to attract increasingly widespread attention worldwide. It is precisely for this reason that this important theory has not only particularity but also universality, not only major national significance but also major world significance, and it contains many principled theoretical achievements that deserve serious study, require in-depth explanation, and must be adhered to for the long term, fully embodying the essence of Marxist political economy, possessing universal truth, and having important guiding significance for practical development.

习近平总书记指出：“越是民族的越是世界的。解决好民族性问题，就有更强能力去解决世界性问题；把中国实践总结好，就有更强能力为解决世界性问题提供思路和办法。这是由特殊性到普遍性的发展规律。”习近平经济思想是在立足中国经济发展实践、解决中国经济发展问题中提出的中国理论，又是从中国经济发展实践中概括总结出来、具有普遍意义的科学理论。其所面对并致力于回答和解决的，不仅有关系当今中国自身发展的特殊性问题，也有关系当今人类社会发展前途的普遍性问题。比如，在经济体制中如何处理公有与私有、政府与市场、效率与公平的关系，在经济建设中如何处理城乡之间的关系、区域之间的关系、人与自然的关系，在对外开放中如何处理国内与国际、自主与开放、发展与安全的关系，在经济发展上走社会主义道路还是资本主义道路、坚持以人民为中心还是以资本为中心、为了多数人的利益还是为了少数人的利益，等等。因此，这一重要思想所揭示的经济规律，不仅有适用于中国特色社会主义经济建设的特殊规律，也有适用于当今社会主义经济和世界经济发展的普遍规律；其所产生的重要影响，不仅发生于当代中国，而且发生于当代世界。特别是，这一重要思想是在中国这个人口众多、历史悠久、文化传统深厚的世界最大发展中国家产生和发展起来的，是在中国这个创造了经济快速发展奇迹、已成为世界经济繁荣发展强大动力的经济形态中产生和发展起来的，具有无可比拟的丰富性、独创性和历史意义，必然在世界范围引起日益广泛的重视。也正因如此，这一重要理论不仅具有特殊性而且具有普遍性，不仅具有重大民族意义而且具有重大世界意义，其中包含着许多值得认真研究、需要深入阐释、必须长期坚持的，充分体现马克思主义政治经济学本质、具有普遍真理性、对于实践发展具有重要指导意义的原理性理论成果。

For example, adhering to the people-centered development philosophy scientifically reveals the essence of the socialist economic system and the core content of the basic economic laws of socialism, profoundly elucidates the internal connections between the purpose of socialist production and the driving force of development, between social production and social needs, between the development of productive forces and human development, and between the means of production and the purpose of production, points the correct direction for continuously liberating and developing social productive forces and realizing the free and all-round development of humanity, and is an important principled theoretical achievement of contemporary Marxist political economy.

比如，坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，科学揭示了社会主义经济制度的本质和社会主义基本经济规律的核心内容，深刻阐明了社会主义的生产目的和发展动力、社会生产和社会需要、生产力发展和人的发展、生产的手段和生产的目的之间的内在联系，为不断解放和发展社会生产力、实现人的自由全面发展指明了正确方向，是当代马克思主义政治经济学的重要原理性理论成果。

Another example is the theory of Chinese-path modernization, which scientifically reveals the essential characteristics of socialist modernization and the specific paths for realizing socialist modernization, profoundly elucidates that Chinese-path modernization is socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China, which has both the common features of modernization in all countries and distinctive features based on its own national conditions. It is modernization of a huge population, modernization of common prosperity for all the people, modernization of coordination between material civilization and cultural-ethical progress, modernization of harmony between humanity and nature, and modernization on the path of peaceful development, deepening and developing the understanding of the laws of modernization, and is an important principled theoretical achievement of contemporary Marxist political economy.

又如，中国式现代化理论，深刻揭示了社会主义现代化的本质特征和实现社会主义现代化的具体途径，深刻阐明了中国式现代化是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化，既有各国现代化的共同特征，更有基于自己国情的鲜明特色，是人口规模巨大的现代化、全体人民共同富裕的现代化、物质文明和精神文明相协调的现代化、人与自然和谐共生的现代化、走和平发展道路的现代化，深化和发展了对现代化规律的认识，是当代马克思主义政治经济学的重要原理性理论成果。

Yet another example is the theory of promoting the healthy development of economic globalization and building a community with a shared future for mankind, which scientifically reveals the objective historical trend and inherent laws of the development and evolution of economic globalization, profoundly elucidates that economic globalization is an inevitable path for the development of human society, that the contradictions and ills of capitalist economic globalization, including class antagonism, polarization between rich and poor, and economic crises, must be overcome, that economic globalization must be actively guided in the correct direction, and that an open, inclusive, balanced, and win-win economic globalization that benefits all must be promoted. This is an important principled theoretical achievement of contemporary Marxist political economy.

再如，促进经济全球化健康发展和构建人类命运共同体的理论，科学揭示了经济全球化发展演变的客观历史趋势和内在规律，深刻阐明了经济全球化是人类社会发展必经之路，必须克服资本主义经济全球化包含的阶级对立、贫富分化、经济危机等矛盾和弊病，积极引导经济全球化朝着正确方向发展，推动建设一个开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢的经济全球化，是当代马克思主义政治经济学的重要原理性理论成果。

In a great era in which the overall strategy of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and changes unseen in a century are interwoven and surging with shifting winds and clouds, the development of Marxist political economy faces unprecedented opportunities and challenges and bears a major responsibility of the times. Entering the New Era, socialism with Chinese characteristics is becoming the banner of the development of scientific socialism in the 21st century and the mainstay of the revitalization of world socialism. Chinese-path modernization has broken the myth that "modernization equals Westernization," presented another picture of modernization, and expanded the path choices for developing countries to achieve modernization. China's economy has continued to develop rapidly, its scientific and technological strength and innovation capacity have kept rising, making it a source of power and a stabilizer for world economic growth, and it continues to make greater contributions to human development. We adhere to the basic state policy of opening up, guide economic globalization in the correct direction, and promote the joint building of a community with a shared future for mankind. On the new journey of comprehensively advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization, we must closely combine with China's actual conditions, scientifically answer the questions of China, the questions of the world, the questions of the people, and the questions of the times, thereby enriching and developing Marxist political economy, and continuously writing a new chapter in adapting Marxist political economy to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. This is the solemn historical responsibility of contemporary Chinese Communists.

在中华民族伟大复兴战略全局和世界百年未有之大变局相互激荡、风云变幻的大时代，马克思主义政治经济学的发展面临着前所未有的机遇和挑战，肩负着重大时代责任。进入新时代，中国特色社会主义正成为21世纪科学社会主义发展的旗帜，成为振兴世界社会主义的中流砥柱。中国式现代化打破了“现代化=西方化”的迷思，展现了现代化的另一幅图景，拓展了发展中国家走向现代化的路径选择。中国经济持续快速发展，科技实力和创新能力不断跃升，成为世界经济增长的动力源稳定器，不断为人类发展作出更大贡献。我们坚持对外开放的基本国策，引导经济全球化朝着正确方向发展，推动共同构建人类命运共同体。在以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的新征程上，我们要紧密结合中国实际，科学回答中国之问、世界之问、人民之问、时代之问，以此丰富和发展马克思主义政治经济学，不断谱写马克思主义政治经济学中国化时代化新篇章，这是当代中国共产党人的庄严历史责任。

In his work "Continuously Opening New Horizons in the Political Economy of Marxism in Contemporary China," General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "China's economic development process is magnificent and its achievements have attracted worldwide attention, containing tremendous momentum, vitality, and potential for theoretical creation. At present, both the world economy and China's economy face many new major issues that require scientific theoretical answers. We must base ourselves on our national conditions and our development practice, deeply study the new situations and new problems facing the world economy and China's economy, reveal new characteristics and new laws, refine and summarize the regular achievements of China's economic development practice, elevate practical experience into a systematic economic theory, continuously open new horizons in the political economy of Marxism in contemporary China, and contribute Chinese wisdom to the innovative development of Marxist political economy." At present, the "two overall situations" [9]9 The "two overall situations" refers to the overall strategic situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the overall situation of changes unseen in a century in the world, a formulation used by the Party to frame domestic and international strategic analysis. are accelerating their evolution and interacting deeply; changes in the world, changes in the times, and changes in history are unfolding in unprecedented ways, producing a large number of profound and complex practical problems. This requires us to boldly explore in practice, continuously break through in theory, make new answers that conform to China's actual conditions and the requirements of the times, arrive at new understandings that conform to objective laws, continuously deepen our understanding of the basic principles of Marxist political economy, use the continuously enriched and developed Marxist political economy to guide new practice in economic development, and continuously promote the adaptation of Marxist political economy to the Chinese context and the needs of the times.

习近平总书记在《不断开拓当代中国马克思主义政治经济学新境界》中强调：“我国经济发展进程波澜壮阔、成就举世瞩目，蕴藏着理论创造的巨大动力、活力、潜力。当前，世界经济和我国经济都面临许多新的重大课题，需要作出科学的理论回答。我们要立足我国国情和我们的发展实践，深入研究世界经济和我国经济面临的新情况新问题，揭示新特点新规律，提炼和总结我国经济发展实践的规律性成果，把实践经验上升为系统化的经济学说，不断开拓当代中国马克思主义政治经济学新境界，为马克思主义政治经济学创新发展贡献中国智慧。”当前，“两个大局”加速演进并深度互动，世界之变、时代之变、历史之变正以前所未有的方式展开，产生了大量深刻复杂的现实问题，这就需要我们在实践上大胆探索、在理论上不断突破，作出符合中国实际和时代要求的新的回答，得出符合客观规律的新的认识，不断深化对马克思主义政治经济学基本原理的认识，用不断丰富和发展的马克思主义政治经济学指导经济发展新的实践，不断推动马克思主义政治经济学中国化时代化。

The creation and development of Xi Jinping's economic thought fully proves and will continue to prove that Chinese Communists situated in great historical changes and great practical creation are qualified, capable, confident, and responsible for revealing the historical experience and universal laws contained therein, creating new principled theoretical achievements of Marxist political economy that have both Chinese characteristics and world significance, that are both based on Chinese practice and lead the development of the times, and contributing Chinese wisdom to the innovative development of Marxist political economy.

习近平经济思想的创立和发展充分证明并将不断证明，置身于伟大历史变革和伟大实践创造的中国共产党人，有资格、有能力、有信心、有责任揭示其中蕴含的历史经验和普遍规律，创造出既有中国特色、又有世界意义，既立足中国实践、又引领时代发展的马克思主义政治经济学新的原理性理论成果，为马克思主义政治经济学的创新发展贡献中国智慧。

(The author is a professor at the School of Economics, Renmin University of China)

（作者为中国人民大学经济学院教授）

Online editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心