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Fundamental Principles of Marxism

501 articles

  1. The Concepts of "Labor" and "Value" in Marx's Labor Theory of Value

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    The concepts of "labor" and "value" in Marx's labor theory of value each have strict limits of applicability. In exploring the scientific content of the labor theory of value, one…

    Yan Mengwei

  2. The Natural-Scientific Foundation of Marx’s Concept of Labor

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Labor is the key to understanding Marx’s thought. In the *Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844*, Marx understood labor as the objectification of man’s essential powers, and…

    Li Jingxin

  3. The Concretization of Labor: The Pivot of the “Two Great Discoveries”

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    In his speech at Marx’s graveside, Engels regarded the materialist conception of history and the theory of surplus value as Marx’s “two great discoveries.” “These two great…

    Zhang Wu

  4. Common Interests in Community

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Community is a very important perspective through which Marx and Engels understood and grasped the laws of human social development and evolution. From this perspective, the…

    Dai Shengpeng

  5. The Philosophical Foundation of Marx’s Revolution in the Conception of the Modern State and Its Contemporary Value — A Study Centered on *The German Ideology*

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Constructing a systematic doctrine of the modern state is a thread that runs throughout Marx’s intellectual development. In the course of his theoretical research and practical…

    Li Yingrui北京大学习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究院、北京大学新时代党的创新理论研究中心

  6. Lenin’s Critique of the “Proletarian Cultural Faction” and Its Implications for China’s Cultural Construction

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly criticised cultural nihilist currents from the strategic height of cultural subjectivity…

    Yang Yinyin合肥工业大学马克思主义学院

  7. The Contemporary Situation and Clarification of Lenin’s Theory of Imperialism — From the Perspective of the Dialectical Relationship between Politics and Economics

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Lenin’s theory of imperialism is an important marker of Marxism’s leapfrog development in the era of monopoly capitalism. This theory not only reveals the economic essence and…

    Xiao Bin and Zheng YongliangSchool of Marxism, Xiamen University

  8. Rethinking the Consistency of Marx and Engels’ Philosophical Thought

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    For a long time, some have held that there are significant differences, even mutual opposition, between the philosophical thought of Marx and that of Engels. This view has…

    An QinianSchool of Philosophy, Renmin University of China

  9. The Temporal Determination in Marx’s Theory of Value

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    The mode of production organization in contemporary society is undergoing a profound transformation: intelligent algorithms extensively empower material and immaterial labor;…

    Pan YuwenSchool of Humanities, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics

  10. Marx and Engels’s Dual Critique of Capitalist Civilization

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    “Capitalist civilization is built on the foundation of the capitalist system of exploitation; it cannot overcome or eliminate the barbaric nature hidden beneath civilization.” Xi…

    Chen Gaohua, Zhou HangSchool of Humanities, Dalian University of Technology

  11. The Scientific Connotation, Constraining Factors and Realization Paths of Common Prosperity in Spiritual Life

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC clearly states: “Chinese-path modernization is the modernization of material and cultural-ethical progress. Material abundance…

    Li Suxia, Zhang XunSchool of Marxism, Hebei Normal University

  12. A Historical Materialist Interpretation of Spatial Ethics

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Time and space are the basic forms of human social existence. The explicit concept of time provides historical thinking for understanding the development of human society, while…

    Li JialiLi Jiali, lecturer at the School of Marxism, Chongqing University

  13. Three-Dimensional Innovation in the Worldview and Methodology of Contemporary Chinese Marxism

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC has put forward an urgent demand for upholding and applying the worldview and methodology of contemporary…

    Liu ZhuohongSchool of Marxism, Guangxi Normal University

  14. Why Is Position Primary?

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    “Position is the standpoint from which people observe, understand, and handle problems. This standpoint is fundamentally determined by people’s economic, political, and social…

    Zhao JiweiSchool of Marxism, Wuhan University of Science and Technology

  15. The Mode of Existence of Modern Humans and Its Transformation from the Perspective of the Critique of Political Economy

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Advancing Chinese-path modernization necessarily requires promoting the process of human modernization, because “the essence of modernization is the modernization of humans.” The…

    Huang ZhijunSchool of Philosophy, Renmin University of China

  16. The Triple Core Essence of Practice as the Cornerstone of Marx’s Philosophy

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    The revolutionary transformation achieved by Marx’s philosophy lies centrally in establishing the foundational status of the concept of practice, constructing a complete…

    Hu BoHu Bo, director and researcher at the Institute of Philosophy and Political Science, Chongqing Academy of Social Sciences

  17. On the Wealth Attributes of Lucid Waters and Lush Mountains

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    The concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets is an important development philosophy, an inherent requirement for achieving sustainable development, and a…

    Liu YanInstitute of Marxism, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

  18. The Three Core Essential Meanings of Practice as the Cornerstone of Marx’s Philosophy

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    The revolutionary transformation achieved by Marx’s philosophy lies centrally in establishing the foundational status of the concept of practice, thereby constructing a complete…

    Hu BoHu Bo, director and researcher at the Institute of Philosophy and Political Science, Chongqing Academy of Social Sciences

  19. Engels’s Historical Materialist Interpretation of the “Ideological Battlefield”

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    The Eastern War (Crimean War) of 1853–1856 entered a critical phase, and this war sweeping the Black Sea coast drew intense attention to the two million troops that European states…

    Wei Qiang

  20. The Fetishism Dilemma in the Digital Age and Its Solution

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    We are in an era enveloped by the digital. Social media, e-commerce, algorithmic recommendations, smart devices… digital technology is penetrating every aspect of our lives with…

    Zhang Huaming

  21. From the Critique of Religion to the Critique of Fetishism

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Marx’s system of thought is often reduced to a critique of political economy, yet its underlying logic is actually rooted in a more fundamental philosophical method, namely…

    Zhu Linlin

  22. The Thought of Human Emancipation in *The German Ideology*

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    In *The German Ideology*, Marx and Engels not only thoroughly settled accounts with their “former philosophical faith,” but also, through a comprehensive critique of German…

    Yang Fan

  23. Free Time and Human Digital Existence

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Time, as a fundamental form of human existence, is not only embodied in the objective rhythm of material motion but also constructs the space for human development. In the digital…

    Hot Springs

  24. “Human–AI Collaboration” and the Transformation of Labour Forms

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    The State Council’s *Opinions on Deeply Implementing the “AI+” Action* proposes “accelerating the formation of a new form of intelligent economy and intelligent society…

    Zhu Hongwei

  25. Historical Laws and Historical Subjects from the Perspective of Historical Materialism

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    “The mode of production of material life conditions the general process of social, political and intellectual life.” This is Marxism’s profound revelation concerning historical…

    Wang Su, Wu Jinjin

  26. On the New Form of Twenty-First-Century Scientific Socialism

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    The development of human civilization has always been accompanied by the exploration of a more rational social form. Since its birth in the mid-nineteenth century, the theoretical…

    Wu Haijiang

  27. Marx and Engels’ Thought on the Party Spirit Cultivation of the Proletarian Party and Its Implications

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Party pointed out that “to govern the country, the Party must first be governed; only when the Party thrives can the…

    Zang Xiuling

  28. Lenin’s Thought on Strengthening the Party’s Political Building and Its Contemporary Value

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    The political building of the Party is the fundamental building of the Party; it determines the direction and effectiveness of Party building and bears on the overall advancement…

    Yue Kui

  29. Marx’s Theory of Artistic Production and Its Contemporary Value

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    In the “Introduction to a Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy” (hereinafter referred to as the “Introduction”), Marx first employed the concept of “artistic…

    Han Xiao

  30. The Three Horizons of Marx and Engels’ Concept of Productive Forces

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Productive forces are one of the core concepts running through Marxist political economy, historical materialism, and scientific socialism. Yet in the texts of Marx and Engels, “it…

    Zhang Lin, Fu Guowei

  31. The Principled Contribution of the Common Values of All Humanity to Marxist Value Theory

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Values are the core of any ideological and cultural system and an important component of social ideology. Different nations and cultural circles around the world each have their…

    Chen Shuguang

  32. The Historical Turn of Marx’s Moral View: From Value Critique to Practical Generation

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    In the 1970s, a debate themed “Marx and Justice” sparked a wave of research on Marxist ethics in Anglo-American academia, which later expanded from the dispute over justice to a…

    Gu Qingqing

  33. The Free-Time Dimension of Promoting Common Prosperity in Spiritual Life

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Common prosperity in spiritual life is an indispensable and important dimension of common prosperity. The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC clearly states:…

    Li Mengyun, Li Mengxi

  34. How Non-Productive Platforms Participate in the Distribution of Surplus Value

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Introduction

    Lin Guangbin and Xiong Youcheng

  35. How Is Marx’s Critique of Fetishism Possible?

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    In recent years, Marx’s theory of the critique of fetishism has been a hot topic in Chinese academic circles, especially in the field of Marxist philosophy. Scholars have engaged…

    Liu Zhaofeng

  36. The Internal Logic of Intelligent Society, a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind, and the New Form of Human Civilization

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    “The mode of production of material life conditions the general process of social, political and intellectual life.” From the perspective of historical materialism, the mode of…

    Wang Shuixing

  37. A Historical Materialist Examination of the Development of Artificial Intelligence

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    On April 25, 2025, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized during the 20th collective study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee: “Artificial intelligence,…

    Lan Yang

  38. Artificial Intelligence and the Realization of General Intellect

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    General Secretary Xi Jinping, during the 20th collective study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, emphasized the need to adhere to self-reliance and…

    Chen Junkun

  39. The War of Resistance Against Japan and the Theoretical Foundation of the First Historic Leap in Adapting Marxism to the Chinese Context

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    From the September 18th Incident in 1931 to Japan’s unconditional surrender in 1945, the 14-year War of Resistance Against Japan was an important component of the New Democratic…

    Tian Keqin

  40. A Historical Examination of Mao Zedong’s Initiation of the Party’s Cultural Leadership and Its Contemporary Implications

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Culture is the soul of a country and a nation; culture as a form of ideology is an important spiritual force for the survival and development of a nation. In periods of intense…

    Shu Jin

  41. Marx and Engels on the Scientific Nature of Marxism – Commemorating the 130th Anniversary of Engels’s Death

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    On 5 August 1895, Engels died. In the autumn of that same year, Lenin wrote the article “Friedrich Engels” to commemorate him. The article opens with a quotation from the famous…

    Liu Zhenying and Ma YongjunLiu Zhenying, School of Marxism, Party School of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of ChinaMa Yongjun, School of Marxism, Fudan University

  42. Marx’s Social Republic: Radical Republicanism and Socialist Political Institutions

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Marx praised the heaven-storming act of the Paris Commune and was convinced that “a new point of departure of world-historical importance had been gained.” However, Marx was not so…

    Bruno Leipold et al.Bruno Leipold, Department of Government, London School of Economics and Political ScienceMao Xinggui, Department of Philosophy and Center for Logic and Intelligence, Southwest UniversityWang Chao, Department of Philosophy, Southwest University

  43. Marx and Engels’ Thought on Proletarian International Unity and Its Contemporary Value

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Proletarian international unity is an important issue running through the history of the international communist movement. At present, changes unseen in a century are accelerating,…

    Shu Xin, Yang ZhouyuSchool of Politics and International Relations, Central China Normal University

  44. A Study of Lenin’s Thought on the Construction of the Proletarian Party’s Grassroots Organizations

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Whether the Party’s grassroots organizations can be built into strong fighting fortresses is a major issue concerning the life and death of the proletarian party, an issue that has…

    Fang Guangshun and Wu GaojieSchool of Marxism, Liaoning University

  45. Reflections on Modernization Based on Marx’s Terminological Revolution of “Metabolism”

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Historically, over the past two hundred years and more, modernization “driven by industrialization” has developed rapidly amid the global expansion of capital. This…

    Ye HaitaoSchool of Marxism, Shanghai University

  46. A Study of Debt and the Mode of Human Existence from the Perspective of the Critique of Political Economy

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    What is debt? When a creditor transfers his own property (including funds, bonds, etc.) to another person, debt arises. Debt and credit are closely linked. In the relationship…

    Huang ZhijunSchool of Philosophy, Renmin University of China

  47. Marx’s Critique of the “Universal Affluence” of National Economics and Its Implications — Based on the Logical Connection of Labor, Wealth, and Capital

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Achieving “universal affluence for all social classes” (hereinafter “universal affluence”) is an important goal of national economics. (Cf. Smith, 1972, p. 13) On the basis of…

    Yan Jinggao

  48. How to Understand the Vulgarity of Vulgar Economics? — An Analysis Based on *Capital* and Its Manuscripts

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    I. Introduction

    Wang Fengming, Qin Yifan

  49. The Overall Confirmation of the Realization of Spiritual Enrichment in Chinese-Path Modernization from the Perspective of Historical Materialism

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    The reason why humans can transcend ordinary beings lies precisely in their ability to break free from the shackles of material desires and achieve spiritual independence and…

    Han Sheng, Zhao Jing

  50. An Analysis of the Implications of Cultural Subjectivity from the Perspective of Historical Materialism

    · Fundamental Principles of Marxism

    Culture is the soul of a nation and a country; cultural self-reliance and self-strengthening are directly related to the self-reliance and self-strengthening of the country and the…

    Guo Chao

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