Marxism Activates the Finest Elements of Traditional Chinese Culture: Objectives, Principles, and Pathways

Against the epochal backdrop of the deep interweaving and mutual influence of globalization and modernization, the importance of cultural transmission and innovation, culture being the soul of a nation and a state, is becoming increasingly prominent. Realizing the creative transformation and innovative development of the finest traditional Chinese culture has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved in order to comprehensively advance the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization. On the basis of a profound summation of the historical experience of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, the Communist Party of China has proposed the combination of the basic tenets of Marxism with the finest traditional Chinese culture (the “Second Integration”[n]), which carries extremely far-reaching epochal significance and strategic value for inheriting and developing the finest traditional Chinese culture and for promoting the deep integration of Marxism with indigenous culture. In June 2023, at the Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Development, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Marxism and the finest traditional Chinese culture have different origins, but there is a high degree of compatibility between them.”[1]1 The “Second Integration” refers to the combination of the basic tenets of Marxism with the finest traditional Chinese culture, as distinct from the “First Integration” of Marxism with the concrete realities of China. In October 2024, General Secretary Xi Jinping further pointed out: “Use Marxism to activate the finest factors within traditional Chinese culture and endow them with new contemporary connotations.”[2]2 The “Two Integrations” refers to the combination of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the finest traditional Chinese culture. The high degree of compatibility between Marxism and the finest traditional Chinese culture is the foundation for using Marxism to activate the internal factors of the finest traditional Chinese culture, making it both possible and necessary to use Marxism to activate the finest factors within traditional Chinese culture. The objective of activating the finest traditional Chinese culture is to promote its creative transformation and innovative development, so that the new culture formed through “combination” becomes the cultural form of Chinese-path modernization, thereby promoting the progress of Chinese civilization and the building of a socialist cultural power. Using Marxism to activate the finest traditional Chinese culture and realizing its creative transformation and innovative development in order to promote cultural prosperity and build a cultural power has become an important cultural mission of the New Era. Therefore, exploring the objectives, principles, and pathways of using Marxism to activate the finest traditional Chinese culture has important theoretical value for forming a regular understanding of the “Second Integration” and for building a socialist cultural power.

在全球化和现代化相互影响、深刻交织的时代背景下，文化作为国家和民族的灵魂，其传承与创新的重要性愈发凸显。实现中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化和创新性发展，成为以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴迫切需要解决的问题。中国共产党在深刻总结马克思主义中国化时代化的历史经验基础上提出马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化相结合（“第二个结合”），对传承和发展中华优秀传统文化、推动马克思主义与本土文化深度结合具有极为深远的时代意义和战略价值。2023年6月，习近平总书记在文化传承发展座谈会上指出：“马克思主义和中华优秀传统文化来源不同，但彼此存在高度的契合性。”[1]2024年10月，习近平总书记进一步指出：“用马克思主义激活中华传统文化中的优秀因子并赋予其新的时代内涵。”[2]马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化之间高度的契合性是用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化内在因子的基础，用马克思主义激活中华传统文化中的优秀因子成为可能且必要。激活中华优秀传统文化的目的在于推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化和创新性发展，让经由“结合”而形成的新文化成为中国式现代化的文化形态，从而推动中华文明发展进步和社会主义文化强国建设。用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化、实现中华优秀传统文化创造性转化和创新性发展以推动文化繁荣和建设文化强国成为新时代的重要文化使命。由此，探讨用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化的目标、原则和进路等问题，对形成“第二个结合”的规律性认识和建设社会主义文化强国具有重要的理论价值。

I. Literature Review and Problem Statement

一、文献综述与问题提出

In the critical period of promoting cultural prosperity, building a cultural power, and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the important proposition of using Marxism to activate the finest traditional Chinese culture has become a research hotspot attracting much attention in academic circles. Based on different disciplinary backgrounds and research perspectives, many scholars have carried out multi-dimensional and in-depth discussions around this proposition, ranging from theoretical tracing to practical application, from historical review to future outlook, with a wide scope of research and fruitful research results. Among these studies, innovative and enlightening academic viewpoints have emerged, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for promoting the deep integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with the finest traditional Chinese culture, and for promoting cultural prosperity, development, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

在推动文化繁荣、建设文化强国与实现中华民族伟大复兴的关键时期，用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化这一重要命题成为学界备受瞩目的研究热点。众多学者基于不同的学科背景和研究视角，围绕该命题展开了多维度、深层次的探讨，从理论溯源到实践应用、从历史梳理到未来展望，研究范围广泛，研究成果丰硕。在这些研究中涌现出具有创新性、启发性的学术观点，为推动马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化的深度结合、促进文化繁荣发展和中华民族伟大复兴提供了理论支撑与实践指导。

(I) The Feasibility of Marxism Activating the Finest Traditional Chinese Culture

（一）马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化的可行性

There is a high degree of compatibility between Marxism and the finest traditional Chinese culture, which provides an internal basis and connection point for using Marxism to activate the finest traditional Chinese culture. Only when the two are mutually compatible in their ideological cores can Marxism penetrate deeply into the fabric of the finest traditional Chinese culture. “Activation” is a deepening and development based on “compatibility.” Through the scientific theories and methods of Marxism, it injects new vitality into the finest traditional Chinese culture, enabling its creative transformation and innovative development in the context of the New Era. Scholars believe that history and practice show that “moving towards modernization has become the inevitable path for continuing Chinese civilization.”[3]3 The Second Integration (第二个结合) refers to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with the best of traditional Chinese culture, as distinct from the First Integration, which is the integration of Marxism with China’s concrete realities. The finest traditional Chinese culture is the spiritual lifeline of the Chinese nation, while Marxism injects modern vitality into it. The combination of the two can not only promote the modern development of Chinese civilization but is also an inevitable choice for inheriting and developing Chinese culture.[4]4 This phrase, “讲仁爱、重民本、守诚信、崇正义、尚和合、求大同,” is a standard formulation summarizing core traditional Chinese values, often cited in official discourse. Scholars focus on the internal connection between Marxism and the finest traditional Chinese culture. By analyzing their philosophical foundations, they argue that Marxist dialectical thinking and the idea of “harmony in diversity” (和而不同) in the finest traditional Chinese culture share similarities in viewing the relationships between things, both containing a profound understanding of the unity of opposites of contradictions.[5]5 Yan Lianfu and Yang Jinfu, “Marxism Activates the Best of Traditional Chinese Culture: Goals, Principles, and Pathways.” The original text has six paragraphs; the note numbering begins at [5] as instructed. At the same time, the people-centered concept of Marxism is highly compatible with the idea of “the people as the foundation of the state” (民为邦本) in the finest traditional Chinese culture, providing value support for their combination.[6]6 A classical allusion from the *Book of Rites* (《礼记》), specifically the “Great Learning” (《大学》) chapter, attributed to the Shang Dynasty founder Tang. It emphasizes continuous self-renewal and moral improvement. These studies argue that the high degree of compatibility between Marxism and the finest traditional Chinese culture lays a solid foundation for the former to activate the latter, thereby revealing the feasibility of their combination at the theoretical root and providing important theoretical support for subsequent research. However, there is still a need to strengthen the exploration of the specific mechanisms and practical pathways of their combination.

马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化之间存在高度的契合性，为用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化提供了内在依据和连接点。只有两者在思想内核上相互契合，马克思主义才能深入中华优秀传统文化的肌理。“激活”是在“契合”基础上的深化和发展，通过马克思主义的科学理论和方法，为中华优秀传统文化注入新的活力，使其在新时代语境下得以创造性转化和创新性发展。学者们认为，历史和实践表明“走向现代化已然成为赓续中华文明的必由之路”[3]。中华优秀传统文化是中华民族的精神命脉，马克思主义则为其注入现代活力，二者结合既能推动中华文明现代化发展，也是传承和发展中华文化的必然选择[4]。学者们聚焦马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化的内在联系，通过剖析二者的哲学基础，认为马克思主义的辩证思维与中华优秀传统文化中“和而不同”思想在看待事物关系上具有相通之处，都蕴含着对矛盾对立统一的深刻理解[5]。同时，马克思主义以人民为中心的理念与中华优秀传统文化的“民为邦本”思想高度契合，为两者结合提供了价值支撑[6]。这些研究认为马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化之间的高度契合性为前者激活后者奠定了坚实基础，从而在理论根源上揭示了两者结合的可行性，为后续研究提供了重要的理论支撑，但还需要加强二者结合的具体机制与实践路径的探讨。

(II) The Methods of Marxism Activating the Finest Traditional Chinese Culture

（二）马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化的方式

The progressive relationship from “compatibility” to “activation” reflects a deepening process from theoretical cognition to practical action and is the key logic for promoting the modernization of the finest traditional Chinese culture. Regarding how Marxism activates the finest traditional Chinese culture, scholars believe that the internal points of compatibility between Marxism and the finest traditional Chinese culture provide support for their combination. It is necessary to adhere to the “Two Integrations”[n], excavate the contemporary value of the finest traditional Chinese culture, and realize its creative transformation and innovative development.[7]7 A classical allusion from the *Book of Changes* (《周易》), the “Appended Remarks” (《系辞下》) section. It describes a dialectical process of change leading to smooth development and long-term sustainability. In terms of practical pathways, educational means can be employed to integrate Marxist theory and the finest traditional Chinese culture into the curriculum system, cultivating talents with both modern thought and traditional cultural heritage.[8]8 The term “activation” (激活) here refers to the process of using Marxism to revitalize and bring to life the valuable elements within traditional Chinese culture, as opposed to simply preserving or restoring them unchanged. The cultural industry is an important platform for their combination. The creative transformation and innovative development of the finest traditional Chinese culture can be promoted by developing cultural undertakings and cultural industries.[9]9 The phrase “changes unseen in a century” (百年未有之大变局) is a key concept in contemporary Chinese political discourse, referring to the profound and complex transformations in the international landscape. By leveraging the market mechanisms and innovative vitality of the cultural industry, Marxism and the finest traditional Chinese culture can be presented in more vivid and accessible forms to the public.[10]10 “Upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground” (守正创新) is a standard formulation in CPC discourse, meaning to maintain core principles while innovating in practice. These ideas grasp the key links of talent cultivation and cultural development, laying the foundation for cultural inheritance and development at the source. However, they all face many challenges in the actual implementation process. Furthermore, current practical research still needs to be deepened in terms of the systematic planning of the “Second Integration” and the long-term mechanisms to ensure the combination. Regarding the systematic nature of planning, existing studies mostly propose suggestions for specific practical pathways, lacking research that conducts systematic planning from a macro level. How to integrate the forces of education, cultural industry, social propaganda, and other aspects to form a synergistic effect and jointly promote the deep integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with the finest traditional Chinese culture has not yet yielded a complete plan. Regarding the long-term mechanisms to ensure the combination, current research mostly focuses on the methods and pathways of combination, but there is also a lack of in-depth discussion on how to establish long-term, stable, and effective guarantee mechanisms to ensure that the combination of the basic tenets of Marxism with the finest traditional Chinese culture can be continuously and deeply promoted.

从“契合”到“激活”这种递进关系体现了从理论认知到实践行动的深化过程，是推动中华优秀传统文化现代化的关键逻辑。马克思主义如何激活中华优秀传统文化，学者们认为，马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化的内在契合点为二者结合提供了支撑，需要坚持“两个结合”，挖掘中华优秀传统文化的时代价值，实现其创造性转化和创新性发展[7]。在实践路径上，可以借助教育手段，将马克思主义理论与中华优秀传统文化融入课程体系，培养兼具现代思想与传统文化底蕴的人才[8]。文化产业是二者结合的重要平台，可以通过发展文化事业和文化产业来推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化和创新性发展[9]。借助文化产业的市场机制和创新活力，能够将马克思主义和中华优秀传统文化以更生动、更贴近大众的形式呈现出来[10]。这些思路抓住人才培养与文化开发的关键环节，从源头上为文化传承与发展奠定基础，但在实际推行过程中都面临诸多挑战。此外，目前的实践研究在“第二个结合”规划的系统性以及保障结合的长效机制方面还有待深入。在规划的系统性上，现有研究大多针对具体的实践路径提出建议，缺乏从宏观层面进行系统规划的研究。如何整合教育、文化产业、社会宣传等多方面的力量形成协同效应，共同推动马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化的深度结合，尚未有完善的方案。在保障结合的长效机制方面，目前的研究多集中于结合的方式和途径，但对于如何建立长期稳定、有效的保障机制，确保马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化的结合能够持续深入推进，也缺乏深入探讨。

(III) The Great Significance of Marxism Activating the Finest Traditional Chinese Culture

（三）马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化的重大意义

From the macroscopic perspective of the development of the times, with the increasing frequency of global exchanges, different cultures spread and influence one another. Western culture, relying on its economic and technological advantages, occupies a significant position in the global cultural market, exerting a tremendous impact on the inheritance and development of Chinese civilization. At the same time, the accelerated process of modernization has brought profound changes to social structures and people’s ways of life, and the best of traditional Chinese culture faces the challenge of adapting to modern society. Under these dual challenges, using Marxism to activate the best of traditional Chinese culture and to explore the modern development pathways of the best of traditional Chinese culture is of great significance for the development of Chinese civilization and the building of a culturally strong country. Scholars believe that using Marxism to activate the best of traditional Chinese culture can both consolidate the cultural foundation for building a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the nation, enhance national cohesion and centripetal force, and provide spiritual support for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation [11]11 The phrase “making the past serve the present” (古为今用) is a Mao-era slogan that remains in use, advocating the selective use of traditional culture for contemporary purposes.; it can also respond to the challenges of globalization and modernization, preserving the uniqueness and subjectivity of Chinese culture [12]12 The “Second Integration” (第二个结合) refers to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s fine traditional culture, as distinct from the first integration of Marxism with China’s concrete realities.. At the level of cultural construction, activating the excellent factors of traditional Chinese culture helps enrich and develop Marxist cultural theory and promotes the flourishing and prosperity of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics [13]13 The “Two Integrations” (两个结合) refers to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the fine traditional Chinese culture.; at the level of enhancing cultural confidence, it helps elevate the sense of national cultural identity [14]14 Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization is a component of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, emphasizing the harmonious coexistence of man and nature.; at the level of social development, it helps promote social harmony and create a favorable cultural atmosphere [15]15 “See the mountains, see the water, and remember their nostalgia” is a phrase from Xi Jinping’s speeches on urbanization and ecological civilization, expressing the ideal of preserving natural scenery and cultural memory in development.; at the level of national governance, it helps provide intellectual support for national governance and promotes the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity [16]16 The three major global initiatives refer to the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative, proposed by Xi Jinping in 2021, 2022, and 2023 respectively.; at the level of building cultural soft power, it helps promote global cultural exchange and mutual learning, contribute Chinese wisdom and solutions to the common problems facing humanity, and enhance the international influence of Chinese culture [17]17 “The greatest concerns of the state” (国之大者) is a Party expression referring to the most fundamental and overarching interests and tasks of the nation, which all Party members and cadres must keep in mind.. This great significance highlights the strategic value of Marxism activating the best of traditional Chinese culture in the process of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. However, how to more systematically integrate the basic tenets of Marxism with the best of traditional Chinese culture at a deeper level still requires further research in terms of concrete practical operations and the expansion of theoretical depth. Therefore, based on the above research findings, this paper continues to explore theoretically the specific mechanisms for the deep-level integration of Marxism and the best of traditional Chinese culture, in order to study the goals, principles, and pathways of using Marxism to activate the best of traditional Chinese culture, and to provide new theoretical reflections and practical plans for advancing research on the Second Integration [3]3 The Second Integration (第二个结合) refers to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with the best of traditional Chinese culture, as distinct from the First Integration, which is the integration of Marxism with China’s concrete realities..

从时代发展的宏观视角来看，随着全球交流的日益频繁，不同文化相互传播、相互影响。西方文化凭借其经济和科技优势，在全球文化市场占据重要地位，对中华文明的传承与发展形成了巨大冲击。与此同时，现代化进程的加速推进，使得社会结构和人们的生活方式发生了深刻变化，中华优秀传统文化面临着与现代社会相适应的难题。在这样的双重挑战下，用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化、探寻中华优秀传统文化的现代发展路径，对中华文明发展和文化强国建设具有重要意义。学者们认为，用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化，既能筑牢强国建设、民族复兴的文化根基，增强民族凝聚力和向心力，为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供精神支撑[11]，又能应对全球化与现代化挑战，保持中华文化的独特性和主体性[12]。在文化建设层面，激活中华传统文化优秀因子有助于丰富和发展马克思主义文化理论，推动中国特色社会主义文化繁荣兴盛[13]；在增强文化自信层面，有助于提升民族文化认同感[14]；在社会发展层面，有助于促进社会和谐和营造良好的文化氛围[15]；在国家治理层面，有助于为国家治理提供智慧支持，推动国家治理体系和治理能力现代化[16]；在文化软实力建设层面，有助于促进全球文化交流互鉴，为解决人类面临的共同问题贡献中国智慧和方案，提升中华文化的国际影响力[17]。这种重大意义突显了马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化在中华民族伟大复兴进程中的战略价值，但如何更系统地将马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化更加深入地结合，在具体实践操作和理论深度拓展上还需进一步研究。因此，基于上述研究成果，本文在理论上继续探讨马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化深层次结合的具体机制，以此研究用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化的目标、原则与进路等问题，为推动“第二个结合”研究提供新的理论思考与实践方案。

II. The Goals of Marxism Activating the Best of Traditional Chinese Culture

二、马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化的目标

Marxism was born during the period of the Western Industrial Revolution. Its core content is the profound analysis of capitalist society and the scientific revelation of the laws of human social development, possessing strong scientificity and revolutionary character. The best of traditional Chinese culture is the crystallization of wisdom accumulated by the Chinese nation over thousands of years of historical development, encompassing rich philosophical thought, moral concepts, and humanistic spirit. Although the two have different origins, there is a high degree of compatibility between them. This compatibility is manifested at multiple levels, including worldview, values, and methodology. Practice has fully proven that “Marxism has provided a powerful ideological weapon for China’s revolution, construction, and reform, enabling this ancient Eastern country to create a miracle of development unprecedented in human history” [18]18 The three major global initiatives are the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative, proposed by Xi Jinping.14. Facing the requirements of the new cultural mission in the New Era, it is necessary to clarify the main goals of using Marxism to activate the best of traditional Chinese culture, so as to further implement the Second Integration in practice, thereby helping to continue promoting cultural prosperity and building a culturally strong country.

马克思主义诞生于西方工业革命时期，它以对资本主义社会的深刻剖析和对人类社会发展规律的科学揭示为核心内容，具有强大的科学性和革命性。中华优秀传统文化是中华民族在数千年历史发展过程中积累的智慧结晶，涵盖了丰富的哲学思想、道德观念、人文精神等。二者虽然来源不同，但存在高度的契合性。这种契合性体现在多个层面，包括世界观、价值观和方法论等。实践充分证明，“马克思主义为中国革命、建设、改革提供了强大思想武器，使中国这个古老的东方大国创造了人类历史上前所未有的发展奇迹”[18]14。面对新时代新的文化使命要求，需要明确用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化的主要目标，以便进一步将“第二个结合”落在实处，以助力继续推动文化繁荣和建设文化强国。

(A) Using the Advanced Nature of Marxism to Activate the Traditional Nature and Adaptability of the Best of Traditional Chinese Culture

（一）用马克思主义的先进性激活中华优秀传统文化的传统性与适应性

Marxism emerged in the era of the Industrial Revolution, representing the advanced achievements of modern civilization marked by industrialization; it is the great synthesis of advanced civilizations and the essence of human civilization. The advanced nature of Marxism is prominently manifested in its emphasis on the decisive role of advanced productive forces in promoting social progress and civilizational development. Marx and Engels placed great importance on the role of science and technology in promoting social productive forces, stressing that “to develop the natural sciences to their highest point; likewise to discover, create, and satisfy new needs arising from society itself” [19]19 The term “Chinese-path modernization” (中国式现代化) is the official translation of the CPC’s concept for a uniquely Chinese model of modernization, distinct from Western models, as articulated by Xi Jinping.90. When examining the condition of the English working class, Engels also believed that the development of science and technology “drove the Industrial Revolution” and “simultaneously drove the transformation of the entire civil society” [20]20 The phrase “the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation” (中华民族伟大复兴) is a central political slogan of the CPC, often referred to as the “Chinese Dream,” aiming to restore China’s historical status as a leading global power.388. They criticized the alienation problems arising from technological innovation under the capitalist system, pointing out that “only under communist relations can the truths already achieved in technology be realized in practice” [21]575, and that the modern transformation of human civilization can benefit all of humanity. The best of traditional Chinese culture, on the other hand, more represents traditional civilization centered on agricultural production. The best of traditional Chinese culture developed on the basis of a long-term agrarian civilization, evolving over the course of history the traditional value pursuits of “advocating benevolence, emphasizing the people, upholding good faith, esteeming justice, promoting harmony, and seeking common ground” [4]4 This phrase, “讲仁爱、重民本、守诚信、崇正义、尚和合、求大同,” is a standard formulation summarizing core traditional Chinese values, often cited in official discourse.. Although these traditional value pursuits arose in the era of agricultural civilization, they constitute the civilizational foundation of the Chinese nation. Accompanying the endless vitality of the Chinese nation, the best of traditional Chinese culture exhibits prominent characteristics of continuity, innovation, unity, inclusiveness, and peacefulness, providing spiritual support for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and injecting developmental strength into the flourishing of Chinese civilization. Using the advanced nature of Marxism to activate the traditional nature of the best of traditional Chinese culture means using modern civilization that emphasizes productive forces to activate traditional civilization that emphasizes values, or in other words, using the advanced nature of Marxism to activate the intrinsic values of the best of traditional Chinese culture [22]. This mechanism of cultural dialogue is embodied not only in the activation and empowerment of traditional value systems by modern civilization centered on the development of productive forces, but even more so in the creative transformation of traditional cultural genes using Marxist methodology, promoting a paradigm shift for the best of traditional Chinese culture from “historical existence” to “modern presence.”

马克思主义产生于工业革命时代，代表着以工业化为标志的现代文明的先进成果，是先进文明的集大成者与人类文明精华。马克思主义的先进性突出表现在重视先进生产力在推动社会进步与文明发展方面的决定性作用。马克思和恩格斯十分注重科技对社会生产力的促进作用，强调“要把自然科学发展到它的最高点；同样要发现、创造和满足由社会本身产生的新的需要”[19]90。恩格斯在考察英国工人阶级状况时也认为，科学技术的发展“推动了工业革命”，“同时又推动了整个市民社会的变革”[20]388。他们对资本主义制度下科技创新产生的异化问题进行了批判，指出“只有在共产主义关系下，工艺学上已经达到的真理方能在实践中实现”[21]575，人类文明的现代化转型才能造福全人类。中华优秀传统文化则更多地代表着以农业生产为主的传统文明。中华优秀传统文化是在长期的农耕文明基础上发展起来的，在历史的长河中发展出“讲仁爱、重民本、守诚信、崇正义、尚和合、求大同”的传统价值追求。这种传统价值追求虽然产生于农业文明时代，却是中华民族的文明底蕴，伴随中华民族的生生不息而使中华优秀传统文化显现出突出的连续性、创新性、统一性、包容性、和平性等特性，为中华民族伟大复兴提供了精神支撑，也为中华文明的繁荣注入了发展性力量。用马克思主义的先进性激活中华优秀传统文化的传统性，即用强调生产力的现代文明激活强调价值的传统文明，或者说用马克思主义的先进性激活中华优秀传统文化的内在价值[22]。这种文化对话机制既体现为以生产力发展为核心的现代文明对传统价值体系的激活赋能，更表现为用马克思主义方法论对传统文化基因的创造性转化，推动中华优秀传统文化实现从“历史存在”到“现代在场”的范式转变。

Under the guidance of Marxism, the creative transformation and innovative development of the best of traditional Chinese culture are realized, so that “the most basic cultural genes of the Chinese nation are made compatible with contemporary culture and coordinated with modern society” [23]83. The Communist Party of China deeply recognizes the importance of integrating the positions, viewpoints, and methods of Marxism with China’s history, national conditions, and culture, “making Marxism concrete in China, so that in every one of its manifestations it possesses the necessary Chinese characteristics” [24]534. One major characteristic of China is its possession of a long-standing and well-established best of traditional Chinese culture. The creative transformation and innovative development of the best of traditional Chinese culture lies in “further extending the vitality of civilization, so as to avoid the disconnection between tradition and history and modernization” [25]. Therefore, in the process of exploring and advancing modernization since the founding of New China, the Communist Party of China has attached importance to the modernization of science and technology to drive economic construction and socio-cultural development, emphasizing both material civilization and cultural-ethical progress, and building an advanced socialist culture while inheriting the best of traditional Chinese culture and promoting revolutionary culture. Since the New Era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has accelerated comprehensive innovation centered on scientific and technological innovation, further pointing out the need to take “a new path of Chinese-path modernization” and requiring “adherence to integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the best of traditional Chinese culture, using Marxism to observe the times, grasp the times, and lead the times” [26]10. In the new stage of development, it is necessary to keep pace with the times by using the advanced nature of Marxism to activate the value concepts and value pursuits of the best of traditional Chinese culture, to empower new models, new chains, and new forms of business for the inheritance and development of the best of traditional Chinese culture with science and technology, to forge new quality productive forces in the field of traditional culture supported by high technology, and to enable the best of traditional Chinese culture to play a contemporary role in cultural education, the construction of a harmonious society, the building of a shared spiritual home for the Chinese nation, and the promotion of Chinese-path modernization.

在马克思主义指导下实现中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化和创新性发展，使“使中华民族最基本的文化基因与当代文化相适应、与现代社会相协调”[23]83。中国共产党深刻认识到将马克思主义的立场、观点和方法与中国历史、国情和文化相结合的重要性，“使马克思主义在中国具体化，使之在其每一表现中带着必须有的中国的特性”[24]534。中国的一大特性是拥有源远流长的中华优秀传统文化，对中华优秀传统文化进行创造性转化和创新性发展，在于“进一步延续文明生机，以避免传统和历史与现代化相脱节”[25]。因此，在新中国成立以来的现代化探索和推进过程中，中国共产党重视科技的现代化推动经济建设与社会文化发展，既重视物质文明建设，也重视精神文明建设，在传承中华优秀传统文化和弘扬革命文化中建设社会主义先进文化。新时代以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央加快推进以科技创新为核心的全面创新，进一步指出要走“中国式现代化新道路”，并要求“坚持把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合，用马克思主义观察时代、把握时代、引领时代”[26]10。在新的发展阶段，要与时俱进运用马克思主义的先进性激活中华优秀传统文化的价值理念与价值追求，以科技赋能中华优秀传统文化传承发展的新模式、新链条和新业态，锻造出高科技支撑的传统文化领域新质生产力，使中华优秀传统文化在文化育人、和谐社会建设、建设中华民族共有精神家园和推动中国式现代化中发挥时代价值。

(B) Using the Worldliness of Marxism to Activate the National Character and Universal Value of the Best of Traditional Chinese Culture

（二)用马克思主义的世界性激活中华优秀传统文化的民族性与普遍价值

The world-historical character of Marxism derives from its scientific revelation of objective laws and its ultimate concern for human emancipation. This world-historical character is first embodied in the scientific nature of its theoretical system: it not only reveals the eternity and universality of natural laws but also, through grasping the law of the contradictory movement between productive forces and relations of production, elucidates the inevitable tendency of national histories to “become world history.”[20]20 The phrase “the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation” (中华民族伟大复兴) is a central political slogan of the CPC, often referred to as the “Chinese Dream,” aiming to restore China’s historical status as a leading global power.541 This theory of world history, grounded in historical materialism, provides both a methodology for understanding the fusion of civilizations in the era of globalization and a historical coordinate for dialogue among different civilizational forms. To build China into a great modern socialist country in all respects and to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is not only about the advancement and strength of material civilization; more importantly, it is about the revival of Chinese culture and the advancement of Chinese civilization.[27] From the dimension of the theory of human emancipation, Marxism is a world-historical civilization that takes as its goal the “emancipation of all humanity.” Marxism places “the free development of each” as a condition for “the free development of all”[28]422 in constructing a world-historical civilization that emancipates all humanity. This value pursuit, which transcends the boundaries of nation-states, resonates profoundly with the Chinese ideal of a “world commonwealth” (天下为公). The best of traditional Chinese culture represents a “Chinese civilization” that highlights national characteristics, profoundly displaying the character, features, and modes of thinking of the Chinese nation. Within the best of traditional Chinese culture, the social ideal of “everyone for the common good, a world of great harmony” (人人为公、天下大同) contains the governance thought of “the people are precious, the ruler is light; govern by virtue” (民贵君轻、为政以德), continues the pattern of great unity of “all regions under heaven connected, pluralistic yet integrated” (九州同贯、多元一体), is filled with the mode of thinking of “seeking truth from facts, unity of knowledge and action” (实事求是、知行合一), and encompasses the principle of interaction of “trustworthiness and harmony, good-neighborly friendship” (讲信修睦、睦邻友好). These traditional wisdoms together shape the national character of Chinese civilization. When the governance wisdom of “the people are precious, the ruler is light” is incorporated into the Marxist theory of the state, and when the intellectual tradition of “unity of knowledge and action” is integrated into the epistemology of dialectical materialism, Marxism acquires a vehicle in national culture while the best of traditional Chinese culture obtains an interpretation in terms of modern civilization.

马克思主义的世界性源于其对客观规律的科学揭示与人类解放的终极关怀。这种世界性首先体现在其理论体系的科学性上：它不仅揭示了自然规律的永恒性和普遍性，更通过对生产力与生产关系矛盾运动规律的把握阐明了民族的历史“向世界历史的转变”[20]541这一必然趋势。这种建立在唯物史观基础上的世界历史理论，既为理解全球化时代的文明交融提供了方法论，也为不同文明形态的对话确立了历史坐标。全面建成社会主义现代化强国和实现中华民族伟大复兴，不仅是物质文明的先进与强大，更重要的是中华文化的复兴和中华文明的先进[27]。从人类解放理论维度看，马克思主义是以“解放全人类”为目标的世界性文明。马克思主义将“每个人的自由发展”置于“一切人的自由发展”[28]422的条件之下建构解放全人类的世界性文明。这种超越民族国家界限的价值追求，与中华文明“天下为公”的大同理想形成深刻共鸣。中华优秀传统文化代表的是彰显民族特色的“中华文明”，深刻展现着中华民族的性格、特征和思维方式。中华优秀传统文化中“人人为公、天下大同”的社会理想，蕴藏着“民贵君轻、为政以德”的治理思想，赓续着“九州同贯、多元一体”的大一统格局，充盈着“实事求是、知行合一”的思维方法，涵盖着“讲信修睦、睦邻友好”的交往原则等。这些传统智慧共同塑造了中华文明的民族特性。当“民贵君轻”的治理智慧纳入马克思主义国家学说、把“知行合一”的思维传统融入辩证唯物主义认识论时，既使马克思主义获得民族文化载体，又让中华优秀传统文化获得现代文明的诠释。

Using the world-historical character of Marxism to activate the national character of the best of traditional Chinese culture is, in essence, to activate its universal value within the dialectical unity of universality and particularity, to activate the value inherent in the best of traditional Chinese culture that transcends time and space, and thereby to display the world value of Chinese civilization. This is because “the rich philosophical thought, humanistic spirit, educational ideas, and moral concepts of China’s excellent traditional culture can provide useful inspiration for people to understand and transform the world, and can provide useful insights for governance.”[29]218 Marx and Engels were the revolutionary mentors of the proletariat and working people worldwide; the core thread running through their vast and profound system of thought is the quest for human emancipation. The reason Marxism has an influence that transcends time and space and has taken root in China is that it reveals the people as the fundamental force driving historical progress, which resonates with ideas such as “people-centered” (以人为本) in the best of traditional Chinese culture. Under the guidance of Marxism, Chinese Communists have consistently adhered to serving the people in all areas, all links, and all stages of governance. From “the people’s aspiration for a better life is our goal”[30]4 to “unifying the interests of our own people with those of the people of all countries, and moving forward in the direction of building a community with a shared future for mankind,”[31]355 this fully embodies the dual pursuit of focusing on the Chinese people while also caring for the people of the world. “Marxist internationalism and the Chinese historical-cultural consciousness of ‘all under heaven’ (天下意识) mutually ‘resonate,’ enduringly present in the thought and historical development of the Chinese Communist Party.”[5]5 Yan Lianfu and Yang Jinfu, “Marxism Activates the Best of Traditional Chinese Culture: Goals, Principles, and Pathways.” The original text has six paragraphs; the note numbering begins at [5] as instructed. In the New Era, we must continue to excavate the world-historical implications of Marxism and the world value of the best of traditional Chinese culture, enabling the two to draw wisdom from each other. Thus, in the new temporal field, we should develop the governing philosophy of “the people are the foundation of the state” (民为邦本), integrate the traditional concepts of “peace, harmony, and concord” (和平、和睦、和谐) into concrete actions for building world peace, seeking common global development, and maintaining international order, uphold an open-minded attitude of inclusiveness to promote exchanges and mutual learning among world civilizations, actively promote the common values of all humanity, and join hands with the people of the world to enrich the garden of human civilizations.

用马克思主义的世界性激活中华优秀传统文化的民族性，本质上是在普遍性与独特性的辩证统一中激活其普遍价值，将中华优秀传统文化蕴含的那些跨越时空的价值激活，从而展现中华文明的世界价值。因为，“中国优秀传统文化的丰富哲学思想、人文精神、教化思想、道德理念等，可以为人们认识和改造世界提供有益启迪，可以为治国理政提供有益启示”[29]218。马克思和恩格斯是全世界无产阶级和劳动人民的革命导师，其博大精深的思想体系贯穿始终的核心主线便是为人类求解放。马克思主义之所以具有跨越时空的影响力并在中国大地落地生根，在于它揭示了人民是推动历史进步的根本力量，与中华优秀传统文化中“以人为本”等思想理念具有异曲同工之妙。在马克思主义的指导下，中国共产党人在治国理政的全领域、全环节和全阶段始终坚持为人民服务。从“人民对美好生活的向往，就是我们的奋斗目标”[30]4，到“把本国人民利益同世界各国人民利益统一起来，朝着构建人类命运共同体的方向前行”[31]355，充分体现了既聚焦中国人民又关心世界人民的双重追求。“马克思主义的国际主义与中国历史文化的天下意识相互‘感应’，经久不衰地存在于中国共产党的思想和历史发展之中。”[5]在新时代，要继续挖掘马克思主义的世界性意蕴与中华优秀传统文化的世界价值，并使二者相互汲取智慧，从而在新的时代场域中发展“民为邦本”的治世哲学，将“和平、和睦、和谐”的传统理念贯穿建设世界和平、共谋全球发展和维护国际秩序的具体行动中，秉持兼收并蓄的开放胸怀推动世界文明的交流互鉴，积极弘扬全人类共同价值，携手世界人民丰富人类文明百花园。

(3) Using the Critical and Innovative Spirit of Marxism to Reshape the Harmonious Core of the Best of Traditional Chinese Culture

（三）用马克思主义批判革新精神重塑中华优秀传统文化的和谐内核

The core character of the Marxist theoretical system is manifested in its thorough revolutionary nature. Marx and Engels pointed out that “dialectics, in its comprehension of existing things, also includes the comprehension of their negation,” emphasizing that “dialectics does not bow to anything; in its essence, it is critical and revolutionary.”[32]24 This indicates the scientific, revolutionary, and progressive nature inherent in Marxist theory itself, achieving a revolutionary breakthrough in philosophical methodology. This theoretical character not only highlights the theoretical quality of the unity of scientificity and revolutionaryity inherent in Marxism but also reveals its developmental essence of advancing with the times. As a revolutionary breakthrough in the history of human thought, the scientificity of Marxism is embodied in its profound revelation of the laws of social development, its revolutionaryity is contained in its critical transformation of the existing world, and its progressiveness is continuously demonstrated through the dynamic process of guiding practical innovation. These three together constitute the core essential attributes of the Marxist theoretical system, providing theoretical logical support for its innovative development in the contemporary era. The distinctive character of the best of traditional Chinese culture is harmony. In the splendid and colorful long river of Chinese civilization, it emphasizes harmonious development between heaven and humanity, expressed as the thought of “heaven and earth and I are born together, and the ten thousand things and I are one” (天地与我并生，万物与我为一) — the unity of heaven and humanity; it emphasizes harmonious development among states, manifested in the thought of “being able to make bright his great virtue, he brought harmony to the nine branches of his clan; when the nine branches were in harmony, he pacified the hundred surnames; when the hundred surnames were enlightened, he harmonized the myriad states” (克明俊德，以亲九族；九族既睦，平章百姓；百姓昭明，协和万邦) — the thought of working together with one heart; and it emphasizes harmonious development among people, revealed in the thought of “the gentleman harmonizes but does not seek sameness” (君子和而不同) — the thought of harmony and coexistence. Together, these integrate the harmonious core of Chinese civilization.

马克思主义理论体系的核心品格体现为彻底的革命性特质。马克思和恩格斯指出“辩证法在对现存事物的肯定的理解中同时包含对现存事物的否定的理解”，强调“辩证法不崇拜任何东西，按其本质来说，它是批判的和革命的”[32]24。这指明了马克思主义理论本身所具有的科学性、革命性和进步性，实现了哲学方法论的革命性突破。这种理论特质不仅彰显了马克思主义内在的科学性与革命性相统一的理论品格，更揭示了其与时俱进的发展性本质。作为人类思想史上的革命性突破，马克思主义的科学性体现在对社会发展规律的深刻揭示中，其革命性蕴含于对现存世界的批判性改造中，而进步性则通过指导实践创新的动态过程得以持续彰显。三者共同构成了马克思主义理论体系的核心本质属性，为其在当代的创新发展提供了理论逻辑支撑。中华优秀传统文化的鲜明特质是和谐性。在中华文明绚烂多彩的历史长河中，既强调天人之间的和谐发展，谓之为“天地与我并生，万物与我为一”的天人合一思想，又强调国家之间的和谐发展，表现为“克明俊德，以亲九族；九族既睦，平章百姓；百姓昭明，协和万邦”的和衷共济思想，更强调人与人之间的和谐发展，显露为“君子和而不同”的和合共生思想等，共同集成了中华文明的和谐内核。

Using the revolutionary nature of Marxism to activate the harmonious nature of the best of traditional Chinese culture lies in using the critical and innovative spirit of Marxist theory to interpret the value implications of harmony in the best of traditional Chinese culture, constructing a dual dynamic mechanism of cultural inheritance and theoretical development. While inheriting the best of traditional Chinese culture, this combines it with revolutionary culture and the basic principles of Marxism, providing the spiritual power of struggle and innovation from the depths of history and culture for building a great modern socialist country in the New Era. Marx and Engels pointed out that “the communist revolution is the most radical rupture with traditional property relations” and “the most radical rupture with traditional ideas.”[28]421 This endows Communists with the distinctive character of daring to engage in self-revolution. Under the guidance of Marxism, Chinese Communists have cultivated the self-revolutionary character of “it takes good iron to make good steel” (打铁还需自身硬) and have deeply integrated it with the traditional concepts of the best of traditional Chinese culture that emphasize harmony and inclusiveness, creating a good situation of unity and harmony in the Party’s political, ideological, organizational, work-style, and institutional aspects, injecting an advanced leading force into building a socialist harmonious society. Since the founding of the Chinese Communist Party, it has carried out inner-Party self-revolution based on the main tasks and principal contradictions of different historical stages, ensuring that the entire Party is always unified in thought, will, and action, and promoting continuous progress in the great cause of the Party and the people. In the New Era, we must implement the strategic policy of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, inject the harmonious genes and inclusive character of the best of traditional Chinese culture into the entire process of the Marxist party’s political building, theoretical building, organizational building, work-style building, discipline building, and institutional building, lead social revolution through self-revolution, and unite and lead the Chinese people to gradually build a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful.

用马克思主义的革命性激活中华优秀传统文化的和谐性，在于用马克思主义理论的批判革新精神诠释中华优秀传统文化的和谐价值意蕴，构建起文化传承与理论发展的双重动力机制，在传承中华优秀传统文化的同时结合革命文化和马克思主义基本原理，为新时代社会主义现代化强国建设提供来自历史文化深处的奋斗精神与创新精神动力。马克思和恩格斯指出，“共产主义革命就是同传统的所有制关系实行最彻底的决裂”，“同传统的观念实行最彻底的决裂”[28]421。这赋予了共产党人勇于自我革命的鲜明品格。在马克思主义的指导下，中国共产党人练就了“打铁还需自身硬”的自我革命性，并与中华优秀传统文化注重和谐、强调包容的传统观念进行了深度融合，营造了党内政治、思想、组织、作风和制度等方面团结和谐的良好局面，为构建社会主义和谐社会注入了先进领导力量。中国共产党成立以来，立足不同历史阶段的主要任务和阶段矛盾开展了党内自我革命，保证了全党上下始终统一思想、统一意志、统一行动，推动了党和人民的伟大事业取得不断进步。在新时代，要落实全面从严治党的战略方针，将中华优秀传统文化的和谐基因、包容特性注入马克思主义政党的政治建设、思想建设、组织建设、作风建设、纪律建设、制度建设的全过程，以自我革命引领社会革命，团结带领中国人民逐步建成富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国。

(4) Using the Developmental and Innovative Thinking of Marxism to Promote the Inheritance and Innovation of the Best of Traditional Chinese Culture

（四）用马克思主义发展创新思维推动中华优秀传统文化的传承与创新

Marxism is a scientific theoretical system that emphasizes development. Marx and Engels systematically founded historical materialism, revealing the universal laws of development of nature, human society, and human thought, and constructing an ideological system for the people to achieve their own emancipation. Engels pointed out, “Marx’s whole way of thinking is not a doctrine, but a method. It provides no ready-made dogmas, but points of departure for further investigation and the method for this investigation.”[33]406 This developmental implication of Marxism, which shifts at any time and in any place according to the historical conditions and objective realities of the moment, provided a scientific worldview and methodological basis for guiding the international proletarian movement. On the basis of adhering to the fundamental positions of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, Marx, Engels, and their theoretical successors have always responded to the issues of the times with an open and developmental theoretical character. The developmental nature of Marxism is manifested both in the theoretical sublimation of new experiences in social practice and in the critical absorption of the intellectual essence of the process of human civilization. “The finest traditional Chinese culture endows Chinese-path modernization with a profound historical connotation.”[34] It possesses a prominent adaptability, reflected in the fact that the development of Chinese civilization is continuous, not fractured; it is about discarding the old and establishing the new, not stagnant and rigid; it is a historical process of progress supported by adaptability. As the most prosperous and powerful civilization for a very long historical period, it has both surged with the innovative and enterprising spirit of “If you can one day become new, become new every day, and again become new,”[6]6 A classical allusion from the *Book of Rites* (《礼记》), specifically the “Great Learning” (《大学》) chapter, attributed to the Shang Dynasty founder Tang. It emphasizes continuous self-renewal and moral improvement. and has been permeated by the law of development of things that “When conditions become exhausted, change is needed; with change, things become unblocked; with unblocking, things endure,”[7]7 A classical allusion from the *Book of Changes* (《周易》), the “Appended Remarks” (《系辞下》) section. It describes a dialectical process of change leading to smooth development and long-term sustainability. continuously innovating and creating its own material, cultural-ethical, and political civilization, while also infusing the Chinese nation with a fearless character that is unafraid of new challenges and courageous in accepting new things.

马克思主义是强调发展的科学理论体系。马克思和恩格斯系统创立了唯物史观，揭示了自然界、人类社会和人类思维发展的普遍规律，建构了人民实现自身解放的思想体系。恩格斯指出，“马克思的整个世界观不是教义，而是方法。它提供的不是现成的教条，而是进一步研究的出发点和供这种研究使用的方法”[33]406。马克思主义这种随时随地以当时历史条件和客观现实为转移的发展性意蕴，为指导国际无产阶级运动提供了科学的世界观和方法论依据。马克思、恩格斯及其理论继承者们在坚持辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义基本立场的基础上，始终以开放发展的理论品格回应时代课题。马克思主义的发展性既表现为对社会实践新经验的理论升华，也体现为对人类文明进程中思想精华的批判性吸收。“中华优秀传统文化为中国式现代化赋予厚重的历史内涵”[34]，它具有突出的变通性，体现在中华文明的发展是连续的、不是断裂的，是革故鼎新的、不是停滞僵化的，是以变通为支撑的历史进步过程。作为很长历史时期内最繁荣强大的文明体，既涌现着“苟日新，日日新，又日新”的革新进取精神，也贯穿着“穷则变，变则通，通则久”的事物发展之法，不断创新创造自己的物质文明、精神文明和政治文明，同时为中华民族注入了不惧新挑战和勇于接受新事物的无畏品格。

Using the developmental nature of Marxism to activate the adaptability of the finest traditional Chinese culture means continuously innovating the finest traditional Chinese culture on the basis of upholding fundamental principles, so that it better adapts to modern society. Marx and Engels’ ideas on adhering to the people’s standpoint, on productive forces and relations of production, on developing people’s democracy, and on the construction of a Marxist political party still have a profound impact on the world today. “From the publication of the *Communist Manifesto* to today, 170 years have passed, and human society has undergone earth-shaking changes, but the general principles expounded by Marxism remain entirely correct as a whole.”[35]75 The developmental character running through the theory itself endows Marxism with vigorous vitality. In the process of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, Chinese Communists have established Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, and Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and formed the important thought of the “Three Represents” and the Scientific Outlook on Development. The theoretical innovation achievements of Chinese Communists not only inherit the theoretical essence of Marxism but also integrate the genes of the finest traditional Chinese culture, forming a scientific theoretical system with Chinese characteristics and the features of the times, providing the fundamental guidance for comprehensively building a modern socialist country. This not only reflects the creative integration of the basic principles of Marxism with the finest traditional Chinese culture, but also, through constructing a cultural inheritance and innovation mechanism of “two-way empowerment,” realizes the activation of the contemporary value of traditional cultural resources and the innovative reconstruction of the theoretical system. The deep integration of the two follows both the laws of social development and the logic of cultural innovation, jointly constituting a dual dynamic system for cultural development in the New Era. In this process, the developmental nature of Marxism and the adaptability of the finest traditional Chinese culture have been deeply combined. Therefore, advancing the adaptation of Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times on the profound foundation of over five thousand years of Chinese civilization requires adhering to the Two Integrations, so that the new culture formed through “integration” becomes the cultural form of Chinese-path modernization, thereby promoting the building of a socialist cultural power.

用马克思主义的发展性激活中华优秀传统文化的变通性，即在守正的基础上不断创新中华优秀传统文化，使之更好与现代社会相适应。马克思和恩格斯关于坚守人民立场的思想、生产力和生产关系的思想、发展人民民主的思想、马克思主义政党建设的思想等直到今天依旧对这个世界产生着深远的影响。“从《共产党宣言》发表到今天，170年过去了，人类社会发生了翻天覆地的变化，但马克思主义所阐述的一般原理整个来说仍然是完全正确的。”[35]75贯穿理论本身的发展特性赋予了马克思主义旺盛的生命力。在马克思主义中国化时代化的过程中，中国共产党人创立了毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，形成了“三个代表”重要思想和科学发展观。中国共产党人的理论创新成果不仅继承了马克思主义理论精髓，更融入了中华优秀传统文化基因，形成了具有中国特色、时代特征的科学理论体系，为全面建设社会主义现代化国家提供了根本遵循。这不仅体现了马克思主义基本原理与中华优秀传统文化的创造性结合，更是通过构建“双向赋能”的文化传承创新机制，实现了传统文化资源的时代价值激活与理论体系的创新性重构。二者的深度融合既遵循社会发展规律，又契合文化创新逻辑，共同构成了新时代文化发展的双重动力系统。在这个过程中，马克思主义的发展性与中华优秀传统文化的变通性进行了深度结合。因而，在五千多年中华文明深厚基础上推进马克思主义中国化时代化需要坚持“两个结合”，让经由“结合”而形成的新文化成为中国式现代化的文化形态，从而推动社会主义文化强国建设。

III. Principles for Marxism to Activate the Finest Traditional Chinese Culture

三、马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化的原则

To open up new horizons for adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times in the New Era, it is necessary to deeply grasp the intrinsic connection between the theoretical essence of Marxism and the essence of the finest traditional Chinese culture. “The major proposition of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times itself determines that we must never discard the soul of Marxism, nor must we discard the root of the finest traditional Chinese culture.”[36] It is necessary to firmly adhere to the soul of Marxism and the root of the finest traditional Chinese culture, and by constructing a theoretical innovation mechanism of “soul-root” mutual nourishment, systematically integrate the spiritual characteristics of the Chinese nation and the traditional wisdom system into the process of Marxist theoretical innovation. This integration must not only achieve the organic interpenetration of the theoretical essence of Marxism and the essence of the finest traditional Chinese culture, but also, through the two-way interaction of cultural gene decoding and theoretical paradigm reconstruction, form an ideological and cultural theoretical innovation system with Chinese characteristics.

新时代开辟马克思主义中国化时代化新境界，需要深度把握马克思主义理论精髓与中华优秀传统文化精华的内在关联。“马克思主义中国化时代化这个重大命题本身就决定，我们决不能抛弃马克思主义这个魂脉，决不能抛弃中华优秀传统文化这个根脉。”[36]须牢牢坚守马克思主义魂脉与中华优秀传统文化根脉，通过构建“魂脉—根脉”双向滋养的理论创新机制，将中华民族精神特质与传统智慧体系系统性融入马克思主义理论创新进程。这种融合既要实现马克思主义理论精髓与中华优秀传统文化精华的有机贯通，更要通过文化基因解码与理论范式重构的双向互动，形成具有中国特色的思想文化理论创新体系。

(I) Uphold the Principle of Guidance, Ensuring that “Activation” Always Adheres to Marxism as the Guide

（一）秉持指导论，确保“激活”始终坚持以马克思主义为指引

General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: “We must unswervingly uphold Marxism as the foundation of our Party and our country, the foundation for rejuvenating the Party and the country, and we must unswervingly continue to develop Marxism by rooting it in the historical and cultural soil of our own nation and our own country.”[37] From its inception, the Communist Party of China established Marxism as its fundamental guiding ideology, combined the basic principles of Marxism with China’s specific realities, continuously advanced the Sinicization of Marxism, creatively solved a series of major issues in China’s revolution, construction, and reform, and achieved remarkable accomplishments that have attracted worldwide attention. The Communist Party of China “is both an active leader and practitioner of China’s advanced culture and a faithful inheritor and promoter of the finest traditional Chinese culture.”[35]35 Under the new historical orientation, upholding the guiding position of Marxism without wavering, and “using the Marxist worldview and methodology to guide practice and promote cultural innovation and development” constitute the fundamental prerequisite for promoting the creative transformation and innovative development of the finest traditional Chinese culture.[38] As a system of scientific truth, through deep interaction with the genes of Chinese civilization, Marxism not only provides advanced methodological tools for the modern transformation of the finest traditional Chinese culture, but also, with the power of truth, activates the elements of contemporary value within the finest traditional Chinese culture. This theoretical guidance not only promotes the structural transformation of Chinese civilization from its traditional form to a modern form, but also, through the innovative recombination of cultural genes, realizes the renewal of life and developmental progress of Chinese civilization in contemporary social practice. Only by adhering to the scientific methodological system of Marxism and strengthening its dominance in the ideological field can we fully tap into and effectively activate the excellent factors in traditional Chinese culture, better realize the creative transformation and innovative development of the finest traditional Chinese culture, and enable it to gain new contemporary connotations in full integration with the specific practices of the New Era.

习近平总书记指出：“我们必须坚持马克思主义这个立党立国、兴党兴国之本不动摇，坚持植根本国、本民族历史文化沃土发展马克思主义不停步。”[37]中国共产党从成立之初就把马克思主义确立为根本指导思想，将马克思主义基本原理同我国的具体实际相结合，不断推进马克思主义中国化，创造性地解决了中国革命、建设和改革的一系列重大问题，取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就。中国共产党“既是中国先进文化的积极引领者和践行者，又是中华优秀传统文化的忠实传承者和弘扬者”[35]35。在新的历史方位下，坚持马克思主义的指导地位不动摇，“用马克思主义的世界观和方法论来指导实践，推动文化创新和发展”构成了推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化和创新性发展的根本前提[38]。马克思主义作为科学真理体系，通过与中华文明基因的深度互动，既为中华优秀传统文化的现代转型提供了先进的方法论工具，更以真理力量激活了中华优秀传统文化中的时代价值要素。这种理论引领不仅推动中华文明完成从传统形态向现代形态的结构性转变，更通过文化基因的创新性重组，实现了中华文明在当代社会实践中的生命更新与发展进步。唯有坚守马克思主义科学方法论体系，强化其在意识形态领域的主导权，才能充分挖掘并有效激活中华传统文化中的优秀因子，更好地实现中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化和创新性发展，使之在充分融合新时代的具体实践中获得新的时代内涵。

(II) Practice the Principle of Excavation, Deeply Exploring the Treasure Trove of the Finest Traditional Chinese Culture in the Process of “Activation”

（二）践行挖掘论，在“激活”中深度探寻中华优秀传统文化宝藏

Having undergone a development process of over five thousand years, the finest traditional Chinese culture “is not only a precious resource but also a powerful force.”[39]

中华优秀传统文化历经五千多年发展历程，“既是一种宝贵资源，更是一种强大力量”[39]。

In “activation,” it is the excellent factors within traditional Chinese culture, rather than all its content and forms, that are the object of activation; or rather, what is activated is the excellent traditional Chinese culture, especially its vital and excellent factors. “The inheritance and development of excellent traditional Chinese culture is essentially the rationalization and maturation of the Chinese nation’s self-awareness.”[40] But inheritance and development do not mean simply reviving excellent traditional Chinese culture; rather, it means using Marxism to activate its inherent excellent factors and their spiritual connotations. Thus, strengthening historical confidence and cultural confidence, following the principle of making the past serve the present and using the past to illuminate the present, deeply elucidating the spiritual connotations of excellent traditional Chinese culture, and comprehensively excavating the treasure trove of China’s five-thousand-year civilization constitute a basic prerequisite for using Marxism to activate the genes of excellent traditional Chinese culture. General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: “We must clearly explain the historical origins, developmental脉络, and basic trends of excellent traditional Chinese culture, and clearly explain the unique creations, value concepts, and distinctive features of Chinese culture.”[30]164 Therefore, using Marxism to activate the excellent factors within traditional Chinese culture requires, on the one hand, deeply excavating and elucidating the historical context of excellent traditional Chinese culture. Excellent traditional Chinese culture was formed in the historical practice of the Chinese nation over five thousand years, possessing profound historical and cultural foundations. It is necessary to trace its roots, clarify the historical origins, developmental脉络, and basic trends of excellent traditional Chinese culture, so as to clarify the sources and branches, the mainstream and tributaries of Chinese culture within the vertical thread of historical continuity, and thus clearly grasp the developmental laws and basic clues of Chinese culture as a whole. On the other hand, it is necessary to deeply excavate and elucidate the theoretical characteristics of excellent traditional Chinese culture, deeply grasp its connotations and spiritual essence as a whole, and, on the basis of analyzing the overall situation of Chinese culture, deeply dissect and refine the ideological characteristics and discursive forms of Chinese culture.

在“激活”中，中华传统文化中的优秀因子而非全部内容和形式是激活的对象，或者说激活的是中华优秀传统文化尤其是其中富有生命力的优秀因子。“对中华优秀传统文化的传承发展实质上就是中华民族自我意识的理性化和成熟化。”[40]但传承发展并不是简单复活中华优秀传统文化，而是用马克思主义激活其内在优秀因子及其精神内涵。由此，坚定历史自信、文化自信，遵循古为今用、以古鉴今原则，深入阐发中华优秀传统文化的精神内涵，对中华五千多年文明宝库进行全面挖掘，构成了用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化基因的一个基本前提。习近平总书记指出：“要讲清楚中华优秀传统文化的历史渊源、发展脉络、基本走向，讲清楚中华文化的独特创造、价值理念、鲜明特色。”[30]164因此，用马克思主义激活中华传统文化中的优秀因子，一方面要深入挖掘阐发中华优秀传统文化的历史脉络。中华优秀传统文化形成于中华民族上下五千年的历史实践中，具有深厚的历史文化底蕴，需要追根溯源，理清中华优秀传统文化的历史渊源、发展脉络和基本走向，才能于纵向的历史接续关系中理清中华文化的源头与分流、主流与支流，才能从整体上清楚把握中华文化的发展规律与基本线索。另一方面，要深入挖掘阐发中华优秀传统文化的理论特质，从整体上深入把握中华优秀传统文化的内涵与精神实质，在分析中华文化全局的基础上深剖提炼中华文化的思想特质和话语形态。

(3) Implementing the Theory of Endowing with New Meaning: Endowing Excellent Traditional Chinese Culture with New Contemporary Connotations in “Activation”

（三）落实赋新论，在“激活”中赋予中华优秀传统文化新的时代内涵

“Chinese civilization has continued for thousands of years without interruption, and has endured repeated hardships without decline; this is a miracle of human civilization and the foundation of our confidence.”[1]1 The “Second Integration” refers to the combination of the basic tenets of Marxism with the finest traditional Chinese culture, as distinct from the “First Integration” of Marxism with the concrete realities of China. At present, the changes unseen in a century are accelerating, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered a critical period, and strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexist. Using Marxism to activate the vital and excellent factors within excellent traditional Chinese culture and endowing them with new contemporary connotations is an important lever for responding to the new situations, new tasks, and new requirements facing the inheritance and development of excellent traditional Chinese culture. In “activation,” the value concepts contained in excellent traditional Chinese culture provide rich cultural resources for the Sinicization of Marxism and inject new vitality into the vitality of Marxism, while the basic principles of Marxism provide ideological guidance and methodological direction for vigorously excavating the value of excellent traditional Chinese culture and its inheritance and development[41]. This requires making every effort to create new forms of expression for excellent traditional Chinese culture, making it more modern, more down-to-earth, and more able to unite people’s hearts, so that the inheritance and development of excellent traditional Chinese culture can always stand firm and maintain its position. Endowing excellent traditional Chinese culture with new contemporary connotations requires adhering to upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, treating excellent traditional Chinese culture with an attitude of respect and cherishing, taking the basic principles of Marxism as the guide for action, comprehensively excavating, systematically sorting, and scientifically analyzing the ideological essence within the treasure trove of China’s five-thousand-year civilization, profoundly elucidating the profound historical foundations of Chinese civilization, and deeply excavating the contemporary value and spiritual power contained in excellent traditional Chinese culture. By revealing the historical evolutionary logic of Chinese civilization, deeply excavating the contemporary value and spiritual characteristics it contains, constructing an adaptation mechanism between traditional cultural genes and modern society, continuously activating the vitality of excellent traditional Chinese culture, combining the characteristics and requirements of the New Era to endow excellent traditional Chinese culture with brand-new contemporary connotations and modern forms of expression, so that the traditional cultural genes of the Chinese nation adapt to contemporary culture and coordinate with modern society, radiating new contemporary brilliance.

“中华文明历经数千年而绵延不绝、迭遭忧患而经久不衰，这是人类文明的奇迹，也是我们自信的底气。”[1]当前，世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，中华民族伟大复兴进入关键时期，战略机遇和风险挑战并存。用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化中富有生命力的优秀因子，并赋予其新的时代内涵，是回应传承发展中华优秀传统文化面临新形势、新任务、新要求的重要抓手。在“激活”中，中华优秀传统文化蕴含的价值理念为马克思主义的中国化提供了丰富的文化资源，为马克思主义的生命力注入了新的活力，而马克思主义基本原理为大力挖掘中华优秀传统文化的价值及其传承发展提供了思想指引和方法论指导[41]。这就需要着力打造中华优秀传统文化新的表达形式，使之更具现代感、更接地气、更聚民心，使中华优秀传统文化的传承发展始终能够站稳脚跟、坚守立场。赋予中华优秀传统文化新的时代内涵需要坚持守正创新，以礼敬珍视的姿态对待中华优秀传统文化，以马克思主义基本原理为行动指南，对中华五千多年文明宝库中的思想精华进行全面挖掘、系统整理和科学分析，深刻阐明中华文明的深厚历史底蕴，深入挖掘中华优秀传统文化所蕴含的时代价值和精神力量。通过揭示中华文明的历史演进逻辑，深度挖掘其蕴含的时代价值与精神特质，构建传统文化基因与现代社会的适配机制，不断激活中华优秀传统文化生命力，结合新时代的特点和要求赋予中华优秀传统文化崭新的时代内涵和现代表达形式，使中华民族传统的文化基因与当代文化相适应、与现代社会相协调，绽放出新的时代光彩。

(4) Strengthening the Theory of Injection: Making Marxism and Excellent Traditional Chinese Culture Achieve Mutual Success in “Activation”

（四）强化注入论，在“激活”中使马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化互相成就

“Use Marxism to activate the vital and excellent factors within excellent traditional Chinese culture and endow them with new contemporary connotations, inject the great spirit and rich wisdom of the Chinese nation into Marxism at a deeper level, and effectively integrate the ideological essence of Marxism with the essence of excellent traditional Chinese culture.”[36] The high degree of compatibility between Marxism and excellent traditional Chinese culture is the prerequisite for injecting the great spirit and rich wisdom of the Chinese nation into Marxism at a deeper level. “Injection at a deeper level” essentially lies in realizing the systematic empowerment of Marxist theoretical innovation by the spiritual characteristics and traditional wisdom system of the Chinese nation. This theoretical interaction is embodied not only in the innovative interpretation of the theoretical essence of Marxism but also, more importantly, in transforming the wisdom resources of traditional culture into the practical momentum for adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. This constitutes the logical foundation for deeply integrating the spiritual characteristics and traditional wisdom system of the Chinese nation into Marxist theoretical innovation. This integration is not a simple superimposition but is rooted in the unity of the two at the level of spiritual essence: excellent traditional Chinese culture, like Marxism, possesses the theoretical qualities of openness, inclusiveness, and creativity. “Only by taking root in the historical and cultural soil of one’s own country and nation can the tree of Marxist truth grow deep and lush.”[42]18 Deeply integrating the spiritual characteristics and traditional wisdom system of the Chinese nation into the innovative achievements of Marxist theory, achieving a deep decoding and innovative interpretation of Marxism through the most essential and concentrated ideological essence of excellent traditional Chinese culture, revealing the global, developmental, and scientific nature of Marxist theory, continuously endowing it with a distinctive Chinese theoretical form, and promoting the rooting and sprouting of Marxism on Chinese soil, so that excellent traditional Chinese culture and Marxism achieve mutual success—that is, Marxism becomes Chinese, and excellent traditional Chinese culture becomes modern.

“用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化中富有生命力的优秀因子并赋予新的时代内涵，将中华民族的伟大精神和丰富智慧更深层次地注入马克思主义，有效把马克思主义思想精髓同中华优秀传统文化精华贯通起来。”[36]马克思主义和中华优秀传统文化的高度契合，是将中华民族的伟大精神和丰富智慧更深层次地注入马克思主义的前提。“更深层次地注入”本质上在于实现中华民族精神特质与传统智慧体系对马克思主义理论创新的系统性赋能，这种理论互动既体现为对马克思主义理论精髓的创新性阐释，更表现为将传统文化智慧资源转化为马克思主义中国化时代化的实践动能。这构成了将中华民族精神特质与传统智慧体系深度融入马克思主义理论创新的逻辑基础。这种融入并非简单叠加，而是根源于二者在精神本质层面的统一性：中华优秀传统文化与马克思主义一样具有开放性、包容性、创造性的理论品格。“只有植根本国、本民族历史文化沃土，马克思主义真理之树才能根深叶茂。”[42]18将中华民族精神特质与传统智慧体系深度融入马克思主义理论创新成果，通过中华优秀传统文化最本质、最集中的思想精华实现对马克思主义的深度解码与创新性阐释，揭示马克思主义理论的世界性、发展性与科学性，持续赋予其鲜明的中国特色理论形态，推动马克思主义在中国大地生根发芽，从而使中华优秀传统文化与马克思主义互相成就，即马克思主义成为中国的、中华优秀传统文化成为现代的。

(5) Advancing the Theory of Integration: Realizing the Combination of the Essence of Marxism and Excellent Traditional Chinese Culture in “Activation”

（五）推进贯通论，在“激活”中实现马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化的精髓结合

Marxism takes the free and comprehensive development of the individual as its ultimate goal, and there exists an essential spiritual resonance with the core value concepts advocated by excellent traditional Chinese culture, such as benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trustworthiness, as well as the practical path of rectifying the mind and making the will sincere, cultivating the self, regulating the family, governing the state, and bringing peace to the world. This compatibility is embodied not only in the common pursuit of social fairness and justice but is even more manifested in the profound cognitive understanding of the dialectical relationship between individual cultivation and social governance. Promoting the organic integration of the ideological essence of Marxism and the essence of excellent traditional Chinese culture thus becomes an inevitability in the progress and development of Chinese civilization. This organic integration “is not a ‘patchwork,’ not a simple ‘physical reaction,’ but a profound ‘chemical reaction’”[1]1 The “Second Integration” refers to the combination of the basic tenets of Marxism with the finest traditional Chinese culture, as distinct from the “First Integration” of Marxism with the concrete realities of China.. On the one hand, it uses the basic principles of Marxism to excavate the views on the cosmos, the world, society, and morality contained in excellent traditional Chinese culture, enabling them to exert contemporary value, so that Marxism achieves excellent traditional Chinese culture. On the other hand, it reveals the high degree of compatibility between excellent traditional Chinese culture and the worldview and ideal pursuits of Marxism, firmly rooting Marxism in the deep soil of excellent traditional Chinese culture, so that excellent traditional Chinese culture achieves Marxism[43]. Therefore, using Marxism to activate the excellent factors within traditional Chinese culture requires systematically exploring the logic of integration between the ideological essence of Marxism and the essence of excellent traditional Chinese culture. On the basis of precisely grasping the theoretical core of Marxism and continuously tapping the wisdom resources of excellent traditional Chinese culture, it is necessary to explore the practical requirements and methodological paths for their organic integration. By constructing an organic connection of content systems, a deep compatibility at the methodological level, and a creative convergence at the value dimension, it promotes the combination of the basic principles of Marxism with excellent traditional Chinese culture to achieve a new breakthrough in the paradigm of theoretical innovation.

马克思主义以人的自由全面发展为终极目标，与中华优秀传统文化倡导的仁、义、礼、智、信等核心价值理念，以及正心诚意、修身齐家治国平天下的实践路径，存在本质上的精神共鸣。这种契合性既体现在对社会公平正义的共同追求中，更彰显于对个体修养与社会治理辩证关系的深刻认知层面。推动马克思主义思想精髓和中华优秀传统文化精华的有机贯通也就成为中华文明发展进步的必然。这种有机贯通“不是‘拼盘’，不是简单的‘物理反应’，而是深刻的‘化学反应’”[1]，一方面运用马克思主义基本原理去挖掘中华优秀传统文化中所蕴含的宇宙观、天下观、社会观、道德观，使其发挥当代价值，使马克思主义成就中华优秀传统文化；另一方面又揭示中华优秀传统文化同马克思主义的世界观和理想追求的高度契合性，使马克思主义牢牢扎根于中华优秀传统文化深厚的土壤，使中华优秀传统文化成就马克思主义[43]。因此，用马克思主义激活中华传统文化中的优秀因子，需要系统探究马克思主义思想精髓与中华优秀传统文化精华的贯通逻辑，在精准把握马克思主义理论内核与持续开掘中华优秀传统文化智慧资源的基础上，探寻二者有机贯通的实践要求与方法路径。通过构建内容体系的有机衔接、方法论层面的深度契合、价值维度的创造性会通，推动马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化的结合实现理论创新范式的新突破。

(6) Achieving the Theory of Fusion: Catalyzing the New Cultural Life Form and Theoretical Advantages of Chinese-Path Modernization in “Activation”

（六）达成聚变论，在“激活”中催生中国式现代化的新文化生命体和理论优势

The fundamental reason why the Communist Party of China has made historic achievements in different stages of historical development and united and led the Chinese people to accomplish historical tasks that other political forces could hardly accomplish lies in its consistent adherence to the guidance of Marxist scientific theory and its ability to keep its guiding ideology abreast of the times through the deep integration of theoretical innovation and practical development. “When Marxism entered China, it not only triggered a profound transformation of Chinese civilization but also underwent a process of gradual Sinicization.”[23]74 This historical process is also one in which the Marxist standpoint, viewpoint, and method are used to study and excavate the fine genes of traditional Chinese culture and to promote the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture; it is a process in which, in practice, the basic tenets of Marxism are integrated with fine traditional Chinese culture, and the two even achieve each other, thereby forging in their integration a new cultural life-form of organic unity. “Constantly writing new chapters in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times is the solemn historical responsibility of contemporary Chinese Communists.”[42]18 Building the Party ideologically and strengthening the Party theoretically are the distinctive features and glorious traditions of the CPC in providing ideological guidance, theoretical appeal, and penetrating truth; they are also the unique advantages and fundamental guarantees for the Party to achieve unity of thought, unity of will, and unity of action. To shoulder this solemn historical responsibility well requires firm faith in Marxism, adherence to the integration of the soul of Marxism with the roots of fine traditional Chinese culture, and, in the “Second Integration,”[12]12 The “Second Integration” (第二个结合) refers to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s fine traditional culture, as distinct from the first integration of Marxism with China’s concrete realities. the fusion of new theoretical advantages, constantly opening up new horizons in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, so that contemporary Chinese Marxism and Marxism in the twenty-first century demonstrate an even more powerful and persuasive force of truth.

中国共产党在不同历史发展阶段创造历史性成就，团结带领中国人民完成其他政治力量难以完成的历史任务，根本原因在于始终坚持马克思主义科学理论指导，并通过理论创新与实践发展的深度融合实现指导思想的与时俱进。“马克思主义进入中国，既引发了中华文明深刻变革，也走过了一个逐步中国化的过程。”[23]74这一历史过程也是运用马克思主义立场观点方法研究和挖掘中华传统文化优秀基因并推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展的过程，是在实践中实现马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化相结合乃至互相成就的过程，从而在结合中造就有机统一的新的文化生命体。“不断谱写马克思主义中国化时代化新篇章，是当代中国共产党人的庄严历史责任。”[42]18思想建党、理论强党是中国共产党进行思想引领、理论感召、真理穿透的鲜明特色和光荣传统，也是党实现统一思想、统一意志、统一行动的独特优势和根本保证。承担好这一庄严历史责任，要求坚定对马克思主义的信仰，坚持将马克思主义魂脉同中华优秀传统文化根脉相结合，并在“第二个结合”中聚变出新的理论优势，不断开辟马克思主义中国化时代化新境界，让当代中国马克思主义、二十一世纪马克思主义展现出更为强大、更有说服力的真理力量。

(7) Promote the theory of scaling new heights, and in “activation” drive Chinese-path modernization to create a new form of human civilization.

（七）弘扬攀登论，在“激活”中推动中国式现代化创造人类文明新形态

Openness, inclusiveness, and keeping pace with the times are the distinctive theoretical character of Marxism. Since the CPC established Marxism as its guiding ideology, it has formed a conscious awareness of theoretical innovation and practical innovation. “The times are constantly advancing, and the cause is constantly developing; theoretical innovation and practical innovation cannot stop for a moment.”[44]15 The history of the CPC is a history of continuously advancing theoretical innovation and carrying out theoretical creation. Every step forward in the Party’s cause is inseparable from theoretical innovation, and every achievement attained is the result of theoretical innovation. Under the guidance of Marxism, through the creative transformation of fine traditional Chinese culture and the innovative development of revolutionary culture, the construction of advanced socialist culture is promoted, and a theoretical system and practical system for cultural innovation with Chinese characteristics are constructed, thereby providing value support and spiritual impetus for building a culturally strong country in the New Era. The “Two Integrations”[13]13 The “Two Integrations” (两个结合) refers to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the fine traditional Chinese culture. not only promote adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times but also activate the root function of fine traditional Chinese culture, enabling the inheritance and development of revolutionary culture and the construction of advanced socialist culture to gain deeper and more profound support from historical and cultural forces. This both follows the laws of the development of Chinese culture and conforms to the cultural mission of creating the cultural form of Chinese-path modernization. “The essence of modernization is the creation of civilization and the transformation of civilization.”[45] To use Marxism to activate fine traditional Chinese culture, there must be the determination, confidence, and patience to scale new heights; ultimately, it must be committed to forging a new cultural life-form, creating the cultural form of Chinese-path modernization, and inaugurating a new form of human civilization. In “activation,” it is also necessary to broaden the theoretical horizon, learn from and draw on all outstanding achievements of human civilization with an open mind as broad as the sea that admits a hundred rivers, and absorb excellent ideological and cultural resources from the “sum total of human knowledge” to innovate and develop advanced socialist culture, forming a grand theoretical pattern and atmosphere that is inclusive and draws on strengths from all sides, constantly scaling new theoretical heights, thereby driving Chinese-path modernization to create a new form of human civilization.

开放包容、与时俱进是马克思主义鲜明的理论品格。中国共产党自将马克思主义确立为指导思想之日起就形成了理论创新的思想自觉与实践自觉。“时代在不断前进、事业在不断发展，理论创新和实践创新一刻也不能停止。”[44]15中国共产党的历史就是一部不断推进理论创新、进行理论创造的历史。党的事业每前进一步都离不开理论创新，取得的每一个成就都是理论创新的结果。在马克思主义指导下，通过中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化与革命文化的创新性发展，推动社会主义先进文化的建设，构建起中国特色社会主义文化创新的理论体系与实践体系，从而为新时代文化强国建设提供价值支撑与精神动力。“两个结合”既推动马克思主义中国化时代化，又激活中华优秀传统文化的根脉作用，使革命文化的继承发扬和社会主义先进文化建设获得更深沉浑厚的历史文化力量支持。这既遵循中华文化发展规律，又契合创造中国式现代化的文化形态的文化使命。“现代化的本质是文明创造和文明转型”[45]，用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化，必须有奋勇攀登的决心、信心和耐心，最终要致力于造就新的文化生命体，创造中国式现代化的文化形态，开创人类文明新形态。在“激活”中也要拓宽理论视野，以海纳百川的开放胸襟学习和借鉴人类社会一切优秀文明成果，在“人类知识的总和”中汲取优秀思想文化资源来创新和发展社会主义先进文化，形成兼容并蓄、博采众长的理论大格局大气象，不断攀登理论高峰，从而推动中国式现代化创造人类文明新形态。

IV. Pathway Choices for Marxism to Activate Fine Traditional Chinese Culture

四、马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化的路径选择

Fine traditional Chinese culture, as the crystallization of the wisdom of Chinese civilization, contains many excellent factors that are compatible and consonant with the advanced ideological theories of Marxism; these need to be better continued and developed under the guidance and activation of Marxism. At the important juncture of anchoring the strategic goal of building a culturally strong country, how to effectively activate fine traditional Chinese culture has become a key issue in the field of cultural development. This concerns not only the inheritance and promotion of fine traditional Chinese culture but also affects the process of building a culturally strong country and the realization of the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Identifying the focal points for Marxism to activate fine traditional Chinese culture and answering the question of “how to activate” are particularly crucial. Only by deeply exploring the pathway for integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with fine traditional Chinese culture and precisely grasping the focal points for activating fine traditional Chinese culture can the maximum effectiveness of the “Second Integration” be brought into play, providing solid cultural support and powerful spiritual impetus for building a culturally strong country, so as to promote Chinese culture towards new prosperity in the context of the New Era and demonstrate the charm and value of Chinese culture in the forest of world cultures.

中华优秀传统文化作为中华文明的智慧结晶，其中蕴含着诸多与马克思主义先进思想理论相通、相合的优秀因子，需要在马克思主义的指导和激活下得到更好的赓续和发扬。在锚定建成文化强国战略目标的重要节点上，如何有效激活中华优秀传统文化，成为文化发展领域的关键课题。这不仅关系中华优秀传统文化的传承与弘扬，更影响着文化强国建设的进程以及中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的实现。找准马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化的着力点、回答好“如何激活”的问题尤为关键。深入探索马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化的结合路径，精准把握激活中华优秀传统文化的着力点，才能充分发挥“第二个结合”的最大效能，为文化强国建设提供坚实的文化支撑和强大的精神动力，以便在新时代背景下推动中华文化走向新的繁荣，在世界文化之林中彰显中华文化的魅力与价值。

(1) Use the Marxist ecological outlook to activate the concept of “harmony between man and nature” and jointly build the harmonious coexistence of man and nature.

（一）用马克思主义生态观激活“天人合一”理念，共筑人与自然和谐共生

Through more than five thousand years of inheritance and development, Chinese civilization has accumulated rich ecological wisdom. The philosophical ideas of “harmony between man and nature” and “the Dao follows nature” “still provide profound warnings and inspiration to people today.”[46]232 Fine traditional Chinese culture contains a cosmology of “harmony between man and nature,” which is the ancient ancestors’ understanding and recognition of the development and change in the relationship among heaven, earth, and man. Among them, “the Dao follows nature,” “distinguishing categories and valuing nurturing,” and “participating in and assisting in transformation and cultivation” provide important guidance for developing the Chinese-path modernization of “harmonious coexistence between man and nature.” Standing at a new historical starting point, on the one hand, it is necessary to correctly grasp the high degree of compatibility between the cosmology of fine traditional Chinese culture and the Marxist ecological civilization outlook, comprehensively and thoroughly sort out the core connotations and contemporary value of ideas such as “harmony between man and nature” and “the Dao follows nature,” and do a good job of “excavating and elucidating” work. In particular, it is necessary to give full play to the important role of experts and scholars, using their professional intellectual level and innovative technology to provide scientific ideas and intellectual support for theoretical sorting. On the other hand, in practice, it is necessary to combine the Marxist ecological civilization outlook with the ecological governance wisdom contained in the cosmology of fine traditional Chinese culture, constantly demonstrating the unique charm of fine traditional Chinese culture in the practice of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization,[14]14 Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization is a component of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, emphasizing the harmonious coexistence of man and nature. further doing a good job of publicity, education, and guidance, promoting the rational use of ecological resources, so that residents can “see the mountains, see the water, and remember their nostalgia,”[15]15 “See the mountains, see the water, and remember their nostalgia” is a phrase from Xi Jinping’s speeches on urbanization and ecological civilization, expressing the ideal of preserving natural scenery and cultural memory in development. and continuously meeting the people’s growing needs for a beautiful ecological environment.

历经五千多年的传承发展，中华文明积淀了丰富的生态智慧。“天人合一”“道法自然”的哲理思想“至今仍给人以深刻警示和启迪”[46]232。中华优秀传统文化蕴含“天人合一”的宇宙观，是古代先民对天、地、人三者关系发展变化的理解和认识，其中“道法自然”“辨类重养”“参赞化育”等为发展“人与自然和谐共生”的中国式现代化提供了重要指引。站在新的历史起点上，一方面，要正确把握中华优秀传统文化宇宙观与马克思主义生态文明观的高度契合性，全面深入梳理“天人合一”“道法自然”等思想的核心内涵与当代价值，做好“挖掘和阐发”的工作，特别是要发挥好专家学者的重要作用，以其专业的智识水平和创新技术为理论梳理提供科学思路和智力支撑；另一方面，要在实践中将马克思主义生态文明观与中华优秀传统文化宇宙观所蕴含的生态治理智慧结合起来，在践行习近平生态文明思想中不断彰显中华优秀传统文化的独特魅力，进一步做好宣传教育引导工作，推动生态资源合理利用，让居民“望得见山、看得见水、记得住乡愁”，不断满足人民日益增长的优美生态环境需求。

(2) Use the Marxist thought on world history to activate “harmonizing all nations” and assist in building a community with a shared future for mankind.

（二）用马克思主义世界历史思想激活“协和万邦”，助力构建人类命运共同体

General Secretary Xi Jinping points out, “Being benevolent to neighbors and living in harmony with all nations has always been the consistent way of Chinese civilization” [35]471, and “peace, concord, and harmony are concepts that the Chinese nation has pursued and passed on for more than 5,000 years” [26]11. The worldview of “living in harmony with all nations” (协和万邦) embodies the rich wisdom of the best of traditional Chinese culture; it is the cultural gene for the formation and development of the concept of “a community with a shared future for mankind,” and it also aligns with Marxist thought on world history, pointing the correct direction for where humanity should go at a historical juncture when changes unseen in a century are accelerating. Standing at a new historical starting point, on the one hand, we must implement a more proactive opening-up strategy, further implement the three major global initiatives [16]16 The three major global initiatives refer to the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative, proposed by Xi Jinping in 2021, 2022, and 2023 respectively., and deepen the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative as a practical platform. By hosting the China International Import Expo, operating the China-Europe Railway Express, and carrying out foreign aid projects, we provide new opportunities for world development, activating the thought of “living in harmony with all nations” from the best of traditional Chinese culture in the vivid practice of promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. On the other hand, we must strengthen cultural exchanges and dissemination with foreign countries, promoting Chinese culture to go global. We should refine the spiritual symbols and cultural essences that can showcase Chinese civilization, construct China’s own narrative system and discourse system in foreign exchanges, and tell the stories of “the world is for all” (天下为公) and “living in harmony with all nations” by finding the connecting points between Chinese culture and world cultures, activating and disseminating the excellent factors of traditional Chinese culture with new concepts and expressions that integrate Chinese and foreign perspectives, so that the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind takes deeper root in people’s hearts.

习近平总书记指出，“亲仁善邻、协和万邦是中华文明一贯的处世之道”[35]471，“和平、和睦、和谐是中华民族5000多年来一直追求和传承的理念”[26]11。“协和万邦”的天下观蕴含着中华优秀传统文化的丰富智慧，是“人类命运共同体”理念形成和发展的文化基因，也与马克思主义世界历史思想相契合，为人类在世界百年变局加速演进的历史关头向“何处去”指明了正确方向。站在新的历史起点上，一方面，要实行更加积极主动的开放战略，进一步落实“三大全球倡议”，深化“一带一路”实践平台建设。通过举办中国国际进口博览会、开行中欧班列、实施对外援建项目等为世界发展提供新机遇，在推动构建人类命运共同体的生动实践中激活中华优秀传统文化中“协和万邦”的思想；另一方面，要加强文化对外交流传播，推动中华文化走向世界。要把能展示中华文明的精神标识和文化精髓提炼出来，在对外交往中构建中国自身的叙事体系和话语体系，在找准中华文化和世界文化的联结点中讲好“天下为公”“协和万邦”的故事，以融通中外的新概念和新表达方式激活并传播中华传统文化中的优秀因子，使人类命运共同体理念更加深入人心。

(3) Activating “the people are the foundation of the state” (民为邦本) with the Marxist people’s standpoint, promoting people-centered improvement of people’s wellbeing

（三）用马克思主义人民立场激活“民为邦本”，推动以人民为中心的民生建设

General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: “The governance thought that ‘the people are the foundation of the state’ and ‘governing with virtue’ merges with the political concept of putting the people first” [1]1 The “Second Integration” refers to the combination of the basic tenets of Marxism with the finest traditional Chinese culture, as distinct from the “First Integration” of Marxism with the concrete realities of China.. The concept that “governing a state has constant principles, but benefiting the people is fundamental” has occupied a very important position in the governance of traditional China. The people-oriented (民本) thought of the best of traditional Chinese culture, such as “valuing and loving the people,” “enriching and reassuring the people,” and “trusting and educating the people,” has laid a solid historical foundation for the Chinese Communist Party in the New Era to adhere to the governance thought of “putting the people first” and “people’s wellbeing is paramount,” providing valuable experience and inspiration. Standing at a new historical starting point, on the one hand, we must adhere to the guidance of Marxist theory, activate the traditional Chinese social outlook with its inherent people-oriented nature, use the basic Marxist standpoints, viewpoints, and methods to promote its creative transformation and innovative development, endow the people-oriented thought of the best of traditional Chinese culture with new contemporary connotations, and provide ideological guidance for strengthening social construction and improving people’s wellbeing in the New Era. On the other hand, we must integrate the development thought of “people-centered” into the entire process of modernizing national governance, persist in ensuring and improving people’s wellbeing through development, and by constructing a people’s wellbeing security system that ensures good care for the young, quality education, fair remuneration for labor, good medical care for the sick, dignified care for the elderly, livable housing, and support for the vulnerable, continuously deepen systemic reforms in the field of people’s wellbeing, act as the people’s confidants, close companions, and guides, promptly understand the people’s worries and troubles, and wholeheartedly and with genuine effort solve the people’s urgent, difficult, and anxious problems, promoting comprehensive improvement in people’s lives so that the people have a greater sense of happiness.

习近平总书记指出：“民为邦本、为政以德的治理思想与人民至上的政治观念相融。”[1]“治国有常，而利民为本”的观念在传统中国的治国理政中占有很重要的地位。中华优秀传统文化“重民爱民”“富民安民”“信民教民”等民本思想为新时代中国共产党坚持“人民至上”“民生为大”的治国理政思想打下了坚实的历史根基，提供了宝贵的经验和启示。站在新的历史起点上，一方面，要坚持马克思主义理论的指导，以其蕴含的人民性激活中国传统社会观，运用马克思主义基本立场观点方法促使其实现创造性转化和创新性发展，赋予中华优秀传统文化民本思想新的时代内涵，为新时代加强社会建设、增进民生福祉提供思想指引；另一方面，要把“以人民为中心”的发展思想融入国家治理现代化全过程，坚持在发展中保障和改善民生，通过构建幼有善育、学有优教、劳有应得、病有良医、老有颐养、住有宜居、弱有众扶的民生保障体系，持续深化民生领域系统性改革，当好人民群众的知心人、贴心人、领路人，及时了解群众的操心事、烦心事，用心用情用力解决好群众急难愁盼问题，推动人民生活全方位改善，让人民有更多的幸福感。

(4) Activating “the benevolent person loves others” (仁者爱人) with the Marxist view of morality, strengthening social moral construction in the New Era

（四）用马克思主义道德观激活“仁者爱人”，加强新时代社会道德建设

General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: “Many ideological concepts and moral norms in the best of traditional Chinese culture, whether in the past or the present, have their never-fading value” [47]. Social moral construction in the New Era can draw nourishment and wisdom from the best of traditional Chinese culture, among which traditional moral norms such as esteeming benevolence, upholding integrity, and emphasizing righteousness provide a source of living water for the cultivation of a good social atmosphere and the construction of civic morality in the New Era. The formation of the modern character of the Chinese people has a unique advantage, namely the nourishment of the profound and deep best of traditional Chinese culture [48]. Standing at a new historical starting point, on the one hand, under the guidance of the Marxist view of morality and the socialist view of morality, through critical inheritance and innovative reconstruction, we activate traditional moral genes such as “the benevolent person loves others,” systematically promoting the modern transformation of traditional Chinese virtues. On the basis of discarding the false and retaining the true, and dialectically sublating, we construct a moral education guidance mechanism, promote the formation of a social trend of speaking of morality, respecting morality, and observing morality, and ultimately build a social moral ecology that esteems virtue and goodness, forming upward and benevolent forces. On the other hand, we must draw on and absorb the traditional way of self-cultivation and moral establishment, strengthen civic moral construction, and promote the formation of moral practice. Widely carry out actions that promote new trends of the times, such as civilized travel, civilized transportation, civilized tourism, and civilized spectating, deepen mass-oriented creative activities such as civilized cities, civilized villages and towns, and civilized families, deeply promote the transformation of outdated customs, cultivate civilized rural customs, resolutely break bad customs such as extravagance and waste and comparison of social favors, and activate the thought of “the benevolent person loves others” in the practice of promoting a good social atmosphere, continuously improving the moral quality of the entire people and the level of social civilization.

习近平总书记指出：“中华优秀传统文化中很多思想理念和道德规范，不论过去还是现在，都有其永不褪色的价值。”[47]新时代社会道德建设可以从中华优秀传统文化中汲取营养和智慧，其中崇仁爱、守诚信、讲道义等传统美德规范为新时代良好社会风气的养成和公民道德建设提供了源头活水。中国人的现代品格生成有着独特优势，即有着厚重深沉的中华优秀传统文化的滋养[48]。站在新的历史起点上，一方面，在马克思主义道德观与社会主义道德观指导下，通过批判性继承与创新性重构激活“仁者爱人”等传统道德基因，系统推进中华传统美德的现代性转化。在去伪存真、辩证扬弃的基础上，构建道德教育引导机制，推动形成讲道德、尊道德、守道德的社会风尚，最终构建崇德向善的社会道德生态，形成向上的力量、向善的力量。另一方面，要借鉴和汲取传统修身立德之道，加强公民道德建设，推动道德实践养成。广泛开展文明出行、文明交通、文明旅游、文明观赛等弘扬时代新风的行动，深化文明城市、文明村镇、文明家庭等群众性创建活动，深入推进移风易俗，涵养文明乡风，坚决破除铺张浪费、人情攀比等不良习俗，在弘扬良好社会风尚的实践中激活“仁者爱人”的思想，不断提高全民道德素质和社会文明程度。

(5) Activating “discarding the old and establishing the new” (革故鼎新) with the Marxist development concept, driving high-quality development in the New Era

（五）用马克思主义发展理念激活“革故鼎新”，驱动新时代高质量发展

General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: “Discarding the old and establishing the new, and advancing with the times are the eternal spiritual qualities of Chinese civilization” [35]471. Promoting the development of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New Era requires “bravely promoting theoretical innovation, practical innovation, institutional innovation, cultural innovation, and innovation in all aspects, continuously opening up the future through discarding the old and establishing the new” [35]534. The thoughts of “discarding the old and establishing the new” and “making new plans, abolishing old policies” contained in the best of traditional Chinese culture reflect the spiritual characteristics of the ancients in abolishing the old and establishing the new, and adhering to constancy while seeking change. They align with the distinctive character of Marxism in advancing with the times, becoming the ideological and spiritual source for promoting high-quality development in the various undertakings of the Party and the state in the New Era. Standing at a new historical starting point, on the one hand, we must adhere to the Marxist development concept of advancing with the times, continuously promote theoretical innovation on the basis of practice, and provide theoretical guidance and methodological direction for promoting high-quality development. Continue to deepen the understanding of the laws of governance by the Communist Party, the laws of socialist construction, and the laws of human social development, form new concepts, new thoughts, and new strategies for governing the country, further enrich and develop the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and provide theoretical thinking support for formulating various policies and promoting various tasks. On the other hand, we must adhere to the concept that “innovation is the primary driving force.” Facing new situations and new problems in social development, we must enhance innovation awareness, improve innovation capabilities, and carry out innovative actions and practices. We must accurately recognize changes, scientifically respond to changes, and proactively seek changes, vigorously promote reform and innovation, focus on strengthening original and leading scientific and technological research, resolutely win the battle for key core technologies, accelerate the achievement of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening, continuously shape new momentum and new advantages for promoting high-quality development, and stimulate the innovation and creativity of the entire society.

习近平总书记指出：“革故鼎新、与时俱进是中华文明永恒的精神气质。”[35]471新时代推动中国特色社会主义事业发展需要“勇于推进理论创新、实践创新、制度创新、文化创新以及各方面创新，通过革故鼎新不断开辟未来”[35]534。中华优秀传统文化蕴含的“革故鼎新”“布新猷，除旧政”的思想体现了古人除旧布新、守常求变的精神特质，与马克思主义与时俱进的鲜明品格相契合，成为新时代推进党和国家各项事业高质量发展的思想精神源泉。站在新的历史起点上，一方面，要坚持与时俱进的马克思主义发展观，不断推进实践基础上的理论创新，为推动高质量发展提供理论指导和方法指引。继续深化对共产党执政规律、社会主义建设规律和人类社会发展规律的认识，形成治国理政的新理念、新思想、新战略，进一步丰富和发展中国特色社会主义理论体系，为制定各项方针政策、推进各项工作提供理论思维支撑。另一方面，要坚持“创新是第一动力”的理念，面对社会发展中的新情况新问题，要增强创新意识、提升创新能力、开展创新的行动和实践。要准确识变、科学应变、主动求变，大力推进改革创新，重点加强原创性引领性科技攻关，坚决打赢关键核心技术攻坚战，加快实现高水平科技自立自强，不断塑造推动高质量发展的新动能新优势，激发全社会创新创造活力。

(6) Activating “the unity of knowledge and action” (知行合一) with the Marxist epistemology, promoting the unity of theory and practice

（六）用马克思主义认识论激活“知行合一”，促进理论与实践相统一

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out: “The Way cannot be discussed while sitting idly, and virtue cannot be discussed emptily. We must exert ourselves in concrete practice and work hard to integrate knowledge and action.”[30]173 This meets the requirement of “unifying the transformation of the subjective world with the transformation of the objective world.”[49] The thought of integrating knowledge and action contained in the best of traditional Chinese culture essentially embodies the concept of the unity of understanding and practice, and also manifests the ideological essence of Marxist epistemology. It provides methodological inspiration for the masses of the people in the New Era to engage in practical work, to devote themselves to the great practice of building a strong country and rejuvenating the Chinese nation. Standing at a new historical starting point, on the one hand, we must strengthen theoretical study, using the Party’s innovative theories to arm the mind, guide practice, and propel work forward. We must earnestly study Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and its core essence, practical requirements, and original contributions, adhering to studying the original texts thoroughly, linking study with practice, and keeping up with developments in a timely manner. We must further grasp the Marxist standpoints, viewpoints, and methods that run through it, and effectively transform the results of study into the internal initiative to transform the subjective and objective worlds. On the other hand, we must promote work through study, forging true skills and solid abilities in practice. The essence of study lies in practice. Further deepening reform comprehensively requires that all Party members and cadres must take the initiative and act proactively, widely applying the new knowledge, new theories, and new methods they have mastered to specific work, tempering their ability to solve problems in practice, and continuously advancing the cause by integrating study, thought, and application, and unifying knowledge, faith, and action.

习近平总书记指出：“道不可坐论，德不能空谈。于实处用力，从知行合一上下功夫”[30]173，达到“改造主观世界与改造客观世界相统一”[49]的要求。中华优秀传统文化蕴含的知行合一思想，从本质上体现了认识和实践相统一的理念，也彰显着马克思主义认识论的思想精髓，为新时代广大人民群众干事创业、投身强国建设与民族复兴的伟大实践提供了方法论启示。站在新的历史起点上，一方面，要加强理论学习，用党的创新理论武装头脑、指导实践、推动工作。要认真学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想及其核心要义、实践要求和原创性贡献，坚持原原本本学、联系实际学、及时跟进学，进一步把握贯穿其中的马克思主义立场、观点和方法，切实把学习成效转化为改造主观世界和客观世界的内在主动。另一方面，要以学促干，在实践中练就真本领硬功夫。学习的本质在于实践，进一步全面深化改革要求广大党员干部必须主动担当、积极作为，将掌握的新知识、新理论、新方法广泛运用于具体工作中，在实践中锤炼解决问题的本领，在学思用贯通、知信行统一中推动事业不断向前。

(7) Activating “ceaseless self-improvement” with the Marxist thought on the all-round development of the human person, inspiring individuals and the nation to strive forward together

（七）用马克思主义人的全面发展思想激活“自强不息”，激励个人与国家共同奋进

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out: “The fundamental reason a nation is great lies in the fact that, in the face of any difficulty or risk, it never gives up, never retreats, never stops, and unyieldingly struggles for its own future and destiny.”[26]107 The thought of “ceaseless self-improvement” contained in the best of traditional Chinese culture is the source of strength for the Chinese nation’s unending vitality and its proud standing among the nations of the world. It is the spiritual foundation for correctly establishing the “outlook on struggle in the New Era,” and it helps promote the realization of “the free and all-round development of the human person.” Standing at a new historical starting point, on the one hand, we must firmly establish the “outlook on happiness through struggle,” firmly believing that “happiness is achieved through struggle,” and realize the transformation from “I must struggle” to “I want to struggle.” We must study the struggles of heroic figures, advanced models, and role models around us, truly internalizing the spirit of hard work and solid effort, stimulating the endogenous drive for conscious struggle, and becoming young people with ideals, the courage to take responsibility, the ability to endure hardship, and the willingness to struggle, climbing vigorously toward a happy life with the spirit of ceaseless self-improvement. On the other hand, we must keep in mind the “greatest concerns of the state,”[17]17 “The greatest concerns of the state” (国之大者) is a Party expression referring to the most fundamental and overarching interests and tasks of the nation, which all Party members and cadres must keep in mind. integrating individual struggle into national development, and promoting social progress through a brilliant life. We must draw wisdom and increase our abilities in the heat of practice, temper our will and strengthen our convictions through arduous struggle, merge our unremitting personal struggles into the torrent of the times, always advance together with the motherland and keep pace with the times, and become strivers and fighters in the New Era, contributing to the construction of the motherland.

习近平总书记指出：“一个民族之所以伟大，根本就在于在任何困难和风险面前都从来不放弃、不退缩、不止步，百折不挠为自己的前途命运而奋斗。”[26]107中华优秀传统文化蕴含的“自强不息”思想是中华民族生生不息、傲然挺立于世界民族之林的力量之源，是正确树立“新时代奋斗观”的精神之基，有助于推动实现“人的自由而全面发展”。站在新的历史起点上，一方面，要牢固树立“奋斗幸福观”，坚信“幸福都是奋斗出来的”，实现“要我奋斗”到“我要奋斗”的转变。要学习英雄人物、先进模范、身边榜样的奋斗事迹，将苦干实干精神真正内化于心，激发自觉奋斗的内生动力，做有理想、敢担当、能吃苦、肯奋斗的年轻人，以自强不息的精神向着幸福生活奋力攀登。另一方面，要心怀“国之大者”，将个人奋斗融入国家发展，以出彩人生推动社会进步。要在火热实践中汲取智慧、增长才干，在艰苦奋斗中磨炼意志、坚定信念，把个人的不懈奋斗汇入时代洪流，始终与祖国共进、与时代同行，做新时代的奋进者、搏击者，为祖国建设添砖加瓦。

V. Conclusion

五、结语

Using Marxism to activate the best of traditional Chinese culture is by no means a simple task, but a great undertaking that bears a historical mission and concerns the future of the nation. Its significance is profound and its influence is extensive. From the perspective of the goals of activation, Marxism and the best of traditional Chinese culture each contain unique value systems, and their integration has a clear and highly meaningful direction. Using the advanced nature of Marxism to activate the traditional nature and adaptability of the best of traditional Chinese culture enables a traditional civilization that emphasizes values to adapt to modern society and achieve creative transformation and innovative development. Using the world-historical nature of Marxism to activate its national character prompts us to examine the best of traditional Chinese culture from a global perspective and actively promote its exchange and mutual learning with world cultures. The revolutionary nature of Marxism activates the harmonious nature of the best of traditional Chinese culture, injecting powerful and deep-seated historical and cultural momentum into social development. The developmental nature of Marxism activates the flexibility of the best of traditional Chinese culture, enabling us to keep pace with the times and continuously innovate while inheriting traditional culture. Whether it is the development of the theoretical system of Chinese-path modernization or the exploration of practical models, both reflect the powerful vitality brought about by this integration, providing a solid theoretical and practical foundation for building a socialist cultural power.

用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化绝非一项简单的任务，而是一项承载着历史使命、关乎民族未来的伟大事业，其意义深远且影响广泛。从激活的目标来看，马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化各自蕴含着独特的价值体系，二者的结合有着明确且极具意义的方向。用马克思主义的先进性激活中华优秀传统文化的传统性与适应性，使得强调价值的传统文明与现代社会相适应，并获得创造性转化和创新性发展。而用马克思主义的世界性激活其民族性，促使我们在全球视野下审视中华优秀传统文化，积极推动其与世界文化的交流互鉴。马克思主义的革命性激活中华优秀传统文化的和谐性，为社会发展注入强大的深层次的历史文化动力。马克思主义的发展性激活中华优秀传统文化的变通性，使我们在传承传统文化的同时能够紧跟时代步伐而不断创新。无论是中国式现代化理论体系的发展，还是实践模式的探索，都体现了这种结合所带来的强大生命力，为社会主义文化强国建设提供了坚实的理论和实践基础。

In the process of activation, following a series of basic principles is key to achieving deep integration. The guiding principle ensures the guiding position of Marxism in the activation process, so that “activation” always proceeds in the correct direction, avoiding losing oneself amidst the impact of diverse cultural trends. The excavating principle requires an in-depth exploration of the historical origins and spiritual essence of the best of traditional Chinese culture, precisely selecting excellent elements, and providing rich material for the work of “activation.” The endowing-with-new-meaning principle emphasizes that, on the basis of inheriting the best of traditional Chinese culture, and combining the characteristics and needs of the New Era, we must endow it with brand-new contemporary connotations and modern forms of expression, allowing the best of traditional Chinese culture to radiate new charm in the New Era. The infusing principle focuses on integrating the great spirit and rich wisdom of the Chinese nation into the essence of Marxist theory, enabling Marxism to take root in China and possess a deeper national cultural foundation. The integrating principle is dedicated to achieving the organic combination of the essence of Marxist thought and the essence of the best of traditional Chinese culture, promoting deep convergence in content, method, and value. The fusion principle promotes the mutual achievement of Marxism and the best of traditional Chinese culture in practice, forming a new cultural life form, and providing powerful momentum for theoretical innovation and cultural development. The scaling-new-heights principle encourages cultural construction to continuously pursue innovation in theory and practice, to learn from and draw upon all outstanding achievements of human civilization with an open and inclusive attitude, and to bravely scale the heights of cultural development.

在激活过程中，遵循一系列基本原则是实现深度结合的关键。指导论确保了马克思主义在激活过程中的指导地位，使“激活”始终沿着正确的方向前行，避免在多元文化思潮的冲击下迷失自我。挖掘论要求深入探寻中华优秀传统文化的历史渊源和精神实质，精准筛选出优秀因子，为“激活”工作提供丰富的素材。赋新论强调在继承中华优秀传统文化的基础上，结合新时代的特点和需求，赋予其崭新的时代内涵和现代表达形式，让中华优秀传统文化在新时代焕发出新的魅力。注入论注重将中华民族的伟大精神和丰富智慧融入马克思主义理论精髓，使马克思主义在中国落地生根，具有更深厚的民族文化底蕴。贯通论致力于实现马克思主义思想精髓与中华优秀传统文化精华的有机结合，促进二者在内容、方法和价值上的深度会通。聚变论推动马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化在实践中相互成就，形成新的文化生命体，为理论创新和文化发展提供强大动力。攀登论激励文化建设不断追求理论和实践的创新，以开放包容的心态学习借鉴人类社会一切优秀文明成果，勇攀文化发展的高峰。

The exploration of the pathways for using Marxism to activate the best of traditional Chinese culture provides specific practical directions for the work of “activation.” At the level of worldview, activating the thought of “unity of heaven and humanity” combines traditional ecological wisdom with the Marxist view of ecology, promoting the development of the concept of harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature, and providing theoretical and practical guidance for ecological civilization construction. At the level of view on the world, the activation of the thought of “harmony among all nations” assists China in actively implementing the three major global initiatives,[18]18 The three major global initiatives are the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative, proposed by Xi Jinping. deepening the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative, strengthening cultural exchange and dissemination with foreign countries, and contributing Chinese wisdom and strength to promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. At the level of view on society, the inheritance and development of the thought that “the people are the foundation of the state” prompts the Party and government to always adhere to the people-centered development philosophy, to ensure and improve people’s livelihoods in the course of development, and to continuously enhance the people’s sense of happiness and fulfillment. At the level of view on morality, activating the thought of “the benevolent person loves others,” by strengthening civic moral construction and promoting the new trends of the times, fosters a good social moral climate. At the level of view on development, the promotion of the thought of “discarding the old and establishing the new” inspires continuous innovation in science and technology, promotes high-quality development, achieves breakthroughs in key and core technological fields, and shapes new drivers and new advantages for economic development. At the level of view on practice, the implementation of the thought of “integrating knowledge and action” emphasizes the combination of theory and practice, improving people’s practical ability and work efficiency, and promoting the continuous progress of various undertakings. At the level of view on the individual, the inheritance of the thought of “ceaseless self-improvement” encourages people to establish an outlook on happiness through struggle, to integrate individual struggle into national development, and to realize the unity of personal value and social value.

用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化的推进路径的探索为“激活”工作提供了具体的实践方向。在宇宙观层面，激活“天人合一”的思想，将传统的生态智慧与马克思主义生态观相结合，推动人与自然和谐共生理念的发展，为生态文明建设提供理论和实践指导。在天下观层面，“协和万邦”思想的激活，助力中国积极践行“三大全球倡议”，深化“一带一路”建设，加强文化对外交流传播，为推动构建人类命运共同体贡献中国智慧和力量。在社会观层面，“民为邦本”思想的传承与发展，促使党和政府始终坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，在发展中保障和改善民生，不断提升人民的幸福感和获得感。在道德观层面，激活“仁者爱人”的思想，通过加强公民道德建设，弘扬时代新风，营造良好的社会道德风尚。在发展观层面，“革故鼎新”思想的弘扬，激励科学技术不断创新，推动高质量发展，在关键核心技术领域取得突破，塑造经济发展的新动能新优势。在实践观层面，“知行合一”思想的贯彻，强调理论与实践相结合，提高人们的实践能力和工作效率，推动各项事业不断向前发展。在个体观层面，“自强不息”思想的传承，鼓励人们树立奋斗幸福观，将个人奋斗融入国家发展，实现个人价值与社会价值的统一。

“The current and coming period is a critical juncture for comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization.”[50] We face numerous challenges and opportunities. With the deepening of globalization and the rapid progress of information technology, exchanges and collisions between different cultures are becoming increasingly frequent. This provides a broader platform and richer resources for the integrated development of the basic tenets of Marxism with the finest parts of traditional Chinese culture, but it also brings the impact and challenge of cultural pluralism. Against this backdrop, we need to continuously explore and innovate, and steadily advance this great undertaking. On the theoretical research front, we must further deepen the study of the integration mechanism between the basic tenets of Marxism and the finest parts of traditional Chinese culture, so as to provide more solid theoretical support for its practice. On the practical level, we should actively expand the fields and methods of their integration, and promote their deep application in various areas such as the economy, politics, society, culture, and ecological civilization. We must strengthen cultural innovation, create cultural products and cultural brands with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese manner, and enhance the international influence and competitiveness of Chinese culture. At the same time, we should focus on talent cultivation, fostering a group of professionals who are both proficient in Marxist theory and familiar with the finest parts of traditional Chinese culture, thereby providing a talent guarantee for the sustained advancement of this great undertaking. Using Marxism to activate the finest factors within traditional Chinese culture is an inevitable requirement for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We must strengthen our confidence, be bold in innovation, and continuously explore, so that Chinese culture can shine with even more brilliant splendor in the forest of world cultures, and contribute more Chinese wisdom and Chinese strength to the progress of human civilization.

“当前和今后一个时期是以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的关键时期”[50]，我们面临着诸多挑战与机遇。随着全球化的深入发展和信息技术的飞速进步，不同文化之间的交流与碰撞日益频繁。这为马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化的结合发展提供了更广阔的平台和更丰富的资源，但也带来了文化多元化的冲击和挑战。在这样的背景下，我们需要不断探索创新，持续推进这一伟大事业。在理论研究方面，进一步深化对马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化结合机制的研究，为其实践提供更坚实的理论支撑。在实践层面，积极拓展二者结合的领域和方式，推动其在经济、政治、社会、文化、生态文明等各个领域的深度应用。加强文化创新，打造具有中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的文化产品和文化品牌，提高中华文化在国际上的影响力和竞争力。同时，注重人才培养，培育一批既精通马克思主义理论，又熟悉中华优秀传统文化的专业人才，为这一伟大事业的持续推进提供人才保障。用马克思主义激活中华传统文化中的优秀因子，是实现中华民族伟大复兴的必然要求。我们要坚定信心，勇于创新，不断探索，让中华文化在世界文化之林中绽放更加绚丽的光彩，为推动人类文明进步贡献更多的中国智慧和中国力量。

(About the authors: Yan Lianfu, male, Ph.D., Dean, Professor, and Doctoral Supervisor of the School of Marxism, Xi’an Jiaotong University; Yang Jinfu, male, doctoral student at the School of Marxism, Xi’an Jiaotong University)

（作者简介：燕连福，男，博士，西安交通大学马克思主义学院院长，教授，博士生导师；杨进福，男，西安交通大学马克思主义学院博士生）

Online editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心