New Quality Productive Forces Empowering Chinese-Path Modernization: A Literature Review and Prospects

The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC [1]1 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the Seminar on Studying and Implementing the Spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,” October 29, 2024. made comprehensive and systematic arrangements for advancing Chinese-path modernization and promoting high-quality development, emphasizing the important role of shaping new drivers and new advantages for development. New quality productive forces have been nurtured and formed in China’s modernization practice, becoming a powerful driving force and important support for promoting Chinese-path modernization and high-quality development. New quality productive forces “are driven by revolutionary technological breakthroughs, innovative allocation of production factors, and deep industrial transformation and upgrading. Their basic connotation is the leap in laborers, means of labor, objects of labor, and their optimized combination, and their core hallmark is a substantial increase in total factor productivity. Their characteristic is innovation, their key is high quality, and their essence is advanced productive forces.” [2]2 The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in July 2024. The “Decision” adopted at this session outlines a comprehensive reform agenda for the period up to 2029. Developing new quality productive forces is the general direction for advancing and expanding high-quality development in Chinese-path modernization. Empowering Chinese-path modernization with new quality productive forces is the grand logic of achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization against the backdrop of changes in the principal contradiction in Chinese society, and it is also the grand trend of Chinese-path modernization surpassing Western modernization to create a new form of human civilization. Needless to say, the current and coming period is a critical period for advancing the construction of Chinese-path modernization by developing new quality productive forces. Adapting to the requirements of this situation, the theoretical community has continuously focused on the major topic of “new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization,” with relevant research results emerging continuously and research making significant progress.

党的二十届三中全会围绕推进中国式现代化、推动高质量发展进行了全面系统部署，强调塑造发展新动能新优势的重要作用。新质生产力在我国现代化实践中孕育并形成，成为推动中国式现代化和高质量发展的强劲动力和重要支撑。新质生产力“是由技术革命性突破、生产要素创新性配置、产业深度转型升级而催生，以劳动者、劳动资料、劳动对象及其优化组合的跃升为基本内涵，以全要素生产率大幅提升为核心标志，特点是创新，关键在质优，本质是先进生产力。”发展新质生产力是推进和拓展中国式现代化高质量发展的大方向，以新质生产力赋能中国式现代化，是适应我国社会主要矛盾变化背景下通过中国式现代化实现中华民族伟大复兴的大逻辑，也是中国式现代化超越西方现代化创造人类文明新形态的大趋势。毋庸讳言，当前和今后一个时期是以发展新质生产力推进中国式现代化建设进程的关键时期。适应这一形势要求，理论界对“新质生产力赋能中国式现代化”的重大课题持续关注，相关研究成果不断涌现，研究取得显著进展。

On the basis of a comprehensive review and summary of the latest research progress, this paper proposes innovative spaces and research approaches for the study of “new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization,” with the aim of contributing to the deepening of research on this topic.

在综合梳理和总结最新研究进展的基础上，拟提出“新质生产力赋能中国式现代化”研究的创新空间与研究进路，以期对这一主题深化研究有所助益。

I. An Analytical Framework for New Quality Productive Forces Empowering Chinese-Path Modernization

一、新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的分析框架

That new quality productive forces have become a new driving force for Chinese-path modernization is not accidental but has its inherent logical rationale. Fundamentally, the content of modernization is the stage in which modern productive forces (usually referring to industrial productive forces) guide humanity from traditional agricultural society to modern industrial society. With the emergence of several industrial revolutions and scientific-technological revolutions, modern productive forces have undergone revolutionary leaps, exhibiting stage-specific characteristics. But overall, social development driven by modern productive forces has still not changed the goal orientation of high-speed economic growth. Practice has proven that one-sided pursuit of high-speed economic growth cannot achieve comprehensive development of society and individuals; therefore, achieving high-quality development has become the strategic goal of China’s economy and modernization development. Thus, in studying the issue of new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization, it is first necessary to clarify that developing new quality productive forces is the inherent requirement and focal point for promoting high-quality development, the logical relationship between new quality productive forces and Chinese-path modernization, and to clarify the questions of “why empowerment,” “why empowerment is needed,” and “how empowerment is possible.”

新质生产力成为中国式现代化的新动能并非偶然，而是有其内在的逻辑理路。从根本上讲，现代化的内容是以现代生产力（通常指工业生产力）引导人类从传统农业社会向现代工业社会过渡的阶段。随着几次工业革命和科技革命的出现，现代生产力发生了革命性飞跃，呈现阶段性特征。但从整体上说，在现代生产力驱动下的社会发展依然没有改变经济高速增长的目标导向。实践证明，片面追求经济的高速增长并不能实现社会和人的全面发展，因此，实现高质量发展成为中国经济和现代化发展的战略目标。所以研究新质生产力赋能中国式现代化问题，首先需要厘清发展新质生产力是推动高质量发展的内在要求和着力点，新质生产力与中国式现代化的逻辑关系，明确“为何赋能”“为何需要赋能”以及“何以可能赋能”等问题。

(1) Based on Marx’s Thought on Modernization

（一）基于马克思的现代化思想

Marx’s works do not contain a specialized treatise on modernization, but his profound exposition of the laws of development of capitalist society is precisely based on the universal laws of development of modern society. Marx’s thought on modernization is, under the critique of the capitalist form of modernization, a thought about how to transcend the logic of capital and move toward a new form of modernization (i.e., communist society) characterized by the free and comprehensive development of the individual. The premise of Marx’s critique of capitalist modernization is the affirmation of its historical progressiveness, namely, the creation of enormous productive forces. Modernization is a major transformation of human society from traditional agricultural society to modern industrial society, and the driving force for this major transformation is, in the final analysis, caused by the qualitative change in productive forces. Accordingly, the academic community, based on Marx’s thought on modernization, has formed a research framework of “qualitative change in productive forces, change in relations of production driving modernization,” analyzing how new quality productive forces realize their driving role for Chinese-path modernization through their own qualitative change.

马克思的著作中并没有专门的著作论述现代化，但他对资本主义社会发展规律的深刻阐释正是基于现代社会的普遍发展规律。马克思的现代化思想是对现代化的资本主义形态批判下，关于如何超越资本逻辑通往人的自由而全面发展的现代化新形态（即共产主义社会）的思想。马克思对资本主义现代化批判的前提是肯定它的历史进步性即创造出巨大的生产力，现代化是人类社会由传统农业社会向现代工业社会的重大转变，促成这一重大转变，归根到底是由生产力质变所引起的。据此，学界基于马克思的现代化思想形成了“生产力质变生产方式变革推动现代化”的研究框架，分析新质生产力如何通过自身质变实现对中国式现代化的驱动作用。

Specifically, the qualitative change of new quality productive forces includes two dimensions: “new” and “quality.” According to the evolutionary laws of productive forces, each industrial revolution creates conditions for the formation of new productive forces. The new round of scientific-technological revolution and industrial revolution, with information technology, new energy, new materials, and biotechnology, as well as their deep integration, as evolutionary trends, has nurtured and given rise to strategic emerging industries and future industries, providing powerful momentum for new quality productive forces. From the perspective of the “new” of new quality productive forces, Quan Lihua and Wang Qianling point out that new quality productive forces incorporate new era characteristics into traditional productive force factors, effectively combining the use of production factors with high technology and information-based means, stimulating new momentum for social development. From the perspective of the “quality” of new quality productive forces, new quality productive forces accelerate the realization of Chinese-path modernization through the qualitative change of scientific-technological innovation and technological breakthroughs. Cheng Enfu and Chen Jian further point out that new quality productive forces promote the optimization and upgrading of traditional industries through new technologies, advancing the realization of a better life and the flourishing development of various industries. New quality productive forces mainly lay the foundation for high-quality development in Chinese-path modernization through their “quality.”

具体地说，新质生产力的质变包括“新”与“质”两个维度，根据生产力的演变规律，每一次产业革命都为新的生产力形成创造条件。新一轮科技革命和产业革命以信息技术、新能源、新材料和生物技术以及它们之间的深度融合为演化趋势，孕育催生了战略性新兴产业和未来产业，为新质生产力提供强大动能。从新质生产力的“新”看，权丽华和王倩玲指出新质生产力使传统生产力要素纳入了新的时代特征，以高技术和信息化手段有效组合生产要素的使用，激发社会发展新动能。从新质生产力的“质”看，新质生产力以科技创新和技术突破的质变推动中国式现代化的加速实现。程恩富和陈建进一步指出新质生产力通过新科技新技术促进传统产业优化升级，推进实现美好生活与各行业的繁荣发展。新质生产力主要以其“质”奠定中国式现代化高质量发展的基础。

Thus, it can be seen that the academic community has answered the question of “why new quality productive forces empower” Chinese-path modernization from the perspective of historical materialism. The qualitative change in productive forces is the logical basis for new quality productive forces to be able to empower Chinese-path modernization. The breakthrough “qualitative state” contained in new quality productive forces necessarily includes the innovation of the mode of production and the subversion of the original relations of production, thereby requiring the shaping of new relations of production and spreading to the entire social production (including spiritual production) field to adapt to this change, forming an overall momentum for accelerating the process of Chinese-path modernization.

由此可见，学界从唯物史观视野回答了新质生产力“为何赋能”中国式现代化的问题。生产力的质变是新质生产力能够赋能中国式现代化的逻辑基点，新质生产力蕴含的突破性“质态”必然包括对生产方式的革新和对原有生产关系的颠覆，从而要求塑造新的生产关系，并扩散到整个社会生产（包括精神生产）领域以适应这种变化，形成加快推进中国式现代化进程的整体态势。

(2) Based on the Theory and Practice of Chinese-Path Modernization

（二）基于中国式现代化理论与实践

The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC [3]3 “Two unswervinglys” (两个毫不动摇) refers to the Party’s policy of unswervingly consolidating and developing the public sector of the economy and unswervingly encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of the non-public sector. “summarized and formed the Chinese characteristics, essential requirements, and major principles of Chinese-path modernization, and initially constructed the theoretical system of Chinese-path modernization” based on the understanding of its connotation and essence. [4]4 This is a paraphrase of the report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC. It was formed in the practice of socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China, conforming to China’s national conditions and reflecting the characteristics of the times. Based on the rich connotation and practical path of Chinese-path modernization, scholars have constructed analytical frameworks for the promoting role of new quality productive forces on Chinese-path modernization from different levels.

党的二十大报告对“中国式现代化的内涵和本质的认识，概括形成中国式现代化的中国特色、本质要求和重大原则，初步构建中国式现代化的理论体系”。它是在中国共产党领导的符合中国国情、体现时代特征的社会主义现代化实践中形成的。基于中国式现代化的丰富内涵与实践路径，学者们从不同层面构建新质生产力对中国式现代化促进作用的分析框架。

First, based on the five basic characteristics of Chinese-path modernization, a research framework of “how new quality productive forces embody” the content of Chinese-path modernization is established. Zhang Jiaoyu and Luo Hongyan believe that new quality productive forces support the connotation of Chinese-path modernization by constructing five carriers: technology, economy, civilization, ecology, and diplomacy. Ge Yang and Ding Hanhao, from the perspective of the basic elements, path, direction, and grasp of new quality productive forces for modernization construction, demonstrate their alignment with the five characteristics of Chinese-path modernization. Jiang Yongmu and other scholars, based on the characteristics of Chinese-path modernization, have built a basic framework of “one body, two wings, three qualities, multiple dimensions” for developing new quality productive forces, arguing that cultivating and developing new quality productive forces marks the entry of Chinese-path modernization into a new stage. Second, based on the fact that achieving high-quality development is the essential requirement for realizing Chinese-path modernization, an analytical approach of “developing new quality productive forces driving high-quality economic development to boost Chinese-path modernization” is constructed. For example, Jian Xinhua and Nie Changfei emphasize that the reason for forming and developing new quality productive forces lies in their important role in promoting high-quality development and thereby realizing Chinese-path modernization. Third, based on the practical process of Chinese-path modernization development, a historical narrative framework is constructed in which the continuous development of productive forces continuously pushes Chinese-path modernization forward. Zhang Lin advocates analyzing the isomorphic process of Chinese-path modernization and the modernization of productive forces from the centenary struggle of the Party, thereby concluding that forming and developing new quality productive forces is consistent with advancing and expanding Chinese-path modernization. Zhou Wen and He Yuqing, by reviewing the process from the founding of New China to entering the New Era, in which the Communist Party of China has always promoted Chinese-path modernization by developing productive forces, argue that developing new quality productive forces is an inevitable choice for further advancing Chinese-path modernization. In addition, some scholars have established a comprehensive analytical framework based on the important content, primary tasks, new development relations, and historical experience of Chinese-path modernization, systematically explaining the basic logic of accelerating the formation of new quality productive forces to advance Chinese-path modernization.

—是，立足中国式现代化的五个基本特征，建立新质生产力“何以体现”中国式现代化内容的研究框架。张娇玉和罗红艳认为，新质生产力通过构筑技术、经济、文明、生态和外交五个载体支撑中国式现代化内涵。葛杨和丁涵浩则从新质生产力对现代化建设的基础要素、路径、方向和抓手方面体现其契合中国式现代化的五个特征。蒋永穆等学者根据中国式现代化的特征搭建了发展新质生产力的“一体两翼三质多维”的基本框架，论证了培育和发展新质生产力标志中国式现代化进入新阶段。二是，立足于实现高质量发展是实现中国式现代化的本质要求，建构“发展新质生产力带动经济高质量发展助推中国式现代化”的分析思路。例如，简新华和聂长飞强调形成和发展新质生产力的原因就在于其在推进高质量发展进而实现中国式现代化的重要作用。三是，立足中国式现代化发展的实践进程，架构起生产力持续发展不断推动中国式现代化向前发展的历史叙事框架。张林主张从党的百年奋斗历程中分析中国式现代化与生产力现代化的同构过程，以此得出形成和发展新质生产力与推进和拓展中国式现代化具有一致性的结论。周文和何雨晴则通过回顾新中国成立到进入新时代，中国共产党始终以发展生产力推动中国式现代化的过程，论证了发展新质生产力是进一步推进中国式现代化的必然选择。此外，还有学者根据中国式现代化的重要内容、首要任务、新发展关系与历史经验建立了综合分析框架，系统阐释了加快形成新质生产力推进中国式现代化的基本逻辑。

From the above research, it can be found that Chinese-path modernization itself possesses rich content, profound historical accumulation, and a distinct future-oriented development direction, requiring the continuous empowerment of advanced productive forces. In particular, Chinese-path modernization is currently in a new stage of development; the issue of aggregate quantity has been largely resolved, and the focus lies in solving the practical difficulties encountered in the qualitative improvement. The "leading" global positioning of Chinese-path modernization demands new quality productive forces that stand at the forefront of the world; otherwise, it will be difficult to achieve the transition from "following" or "running alongside" to "leading." Therefore, developing new quality productive forces is the fundamental driving force and the necessary path for accelerating the advancement of Chinese-path modernization.

由以上研究发现，中国式现代化本身具有丰富的内容、深厚的历史积淀和鲜明的未来发展导向，需要先进生产力的持续性赋能。尤其是，中国式现代化目前处于新发展阶段，总量的问题基本解决，重点在于化解质的提升遇到的现实难题。中国式现代化的“引领性”世界定位要求有站在世界前沿的新质生产力，否则，难以实现从“跟跑”或“并跑”向“领跑”的转变。所以，发展新质生产力是加速推进中国式现代化的根本势能和必由之路。

(III) Based on the Theory of New Quality Productive Forces

（三）基于新质生产力理论

New quality productive forces are the sublimation of the "Chinese discourse" on productive forces in the New Era. They were proposed under the premise that, since the 18th National Congress of the CPC [5]5 The 18th National Congress of the CPC, held in 2012, marked the beginning of the New Era of socialism with Chinese characteristics under Xi Jinping's leadership., China's level of productive forces has achieved an overall leap and comprehensive improvement, gradually forming a new qualitative state of productive forces development. In other words, the practical process of nurturing and forming new quality productive forces is synchronized with the process of advancing Chinese-path modernization. Scholars have established an analytical framework for the interaction between new quality productive forces and Chinese-path modernization based on the content of the theory of new quality productive forces. Scholars such as Liu Li and Dong Jinming, following the evolutionary thread of "scientific connotation – generative logic – development path" of new quality productive forces, explain that in the process of Chinese-path modernization, new quality productive forces are a key force in enhancing the overall level of China's modernization, while also pointing out that promoting the development of new quality productive forces can manifest the distinctive features of Chinese-path modernization. Ma Feng, using the research paradigm of "new quality productive forces – new quality relations of production – social structure modernization transformation," analyzes that the new "intelligent" productive forces in the intelligent era are the decisive force driving the intelligent modernization transformation of China's social structure.

新质生产力是新时代生产力“中国话语”的升华，是在党的十八大以来我国生产力水平实现总体跃迁和整体改善，逐步形成生产力发展新质态的前提下提出的。换句话说，孕育并形成新质生产力的实践过程与中国式现代化的推进过程是同步的。学者们基于新质生产力理论的内容建立了新质生产力与中国式现代化互动的分析框架。刘莉、董金明等学者从“新质生产力的科学内涵生成逻辑发展路径”的演进脉络，说明在中国式现代化进程中，新质生产力是提升我国现代化整体水平的关键力量，同时指出推动新质生产力的发展能够彰显中国式现代化的鲜明特征。马峰则以“新质生产力新质生产关系社会结构现代化转型”的研究范式，分析了智能时代的新“智”生产力是推动我国社会结构智能现代化转型的决定力量。

Other scholars, based on the historical evolutionary thread of "productive forces – relations of production," place new quality productive forces within the coordinates of the entire historical evolution of human societal productive forces, explaining the function of new quality productive forces in advancing the development of Chinese-path modernization. Furthermore, scholars such as Liang Yucheng, using the analytical paradigm of the three elements of productive forces and "productive forces triggering changes in relations of production," focus on the secondary and tertiary industries, revealing that new quality productive forces are the fundamental force empowering social transformation to realize Chinese-path modernization. In summary, new quality productive forces have grown into a new driving force for the sustained development of Chinese-path modernization throughout its course. Synthesizing existing research results, regardless of the theoretical basis, discussions cannot be separated from China's specific development reality. To establish an analytical framework for the issue of "new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization," the factor of national institutions should be incorporated. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, state rationality has played a crucial role in China's economic development and the process of advancing modernization, presenting a dual synergistic path of "institutional advantages – developing productive forces – advancing modernization" and "development of productive forces – institutional reform – adjusting relations of production – promoting modernization." It can be said that this is not only the advantage of China's rapid advancement of modernization but also the reason for the current development of new quality productive forces to empower Chinese-path modernization.

还有学者根据“生产力生产关系”历史演进脉络，将新质生产力置于整个人类社会生产力历史演进的坐标中，阐释了新质生产力推进中国式现代化发展的功能。此外，梁玉成等学者则从生产力三要素和“生产力引发生产关系变革”的分析范式，聚焦第二产业和第三产业，揭示了新质生产力是赋能社会转型实现中国式现代化的根本力量。归纳起来，新质生产力在中国式现代化历程中成长为驱动其持续发展的新动力。综合已有研究成果，无论是基于何种理论都不能脱离中国具体发展实际进行探讨，建立“新质生产力赋能中国式现代化”问题的分析框架，应将国家制度因素纳入其中。中华人民共和国成立以来，我国在经济发展和推进现代化的进程中，国家理性发挥了至关重要的作用，呈现以“制度优势发展生产力推进现代化”与“生产力发展制度改革调整生产关系推动现代化”的双重协同路径，可以说，这既是我国快速推进现代化的优势所在，也是当前发展新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的原因所在。

II. The Operational Mechanism of New Quality Productive Forces Empowering Chinese-Path Modernization

二、新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的运行机制

New quality productive forces are a "qualitative change" that occurs when productive forces enter a higher stage of development, that is, a change in the nature of productive forces. This change is closely related to the stage-specific nature of contemporary China's modernization development, manifested as a dual "leap" in the level of development of productive forces and the level of China's modernization. Marx always emphasized that understanding the development of productive forces must be combined with the changes in social economy: "The sum of the productive forces accessible to men determines the condition of society; hence, the 'history of humanity' must always be studied and treated in relation to the history of industry and exchange." [6]6 This is a paraphrase of a passage from *The German Ideology* by Marx and Engels. Based on this, understanding and grasping the empowerment of Chinese-path modernization by new quality productive forces requires an in-depth exploration of how new quality productive forces exert their empowering function in conjunction with the current reality of China's modernization development.

新质生产力是生产力进入更高发展阶段发生的“质变”，即生产力性质的变化，这种变化与当代中国现代化发展的阶段性密切相关，表现为生产力发展水平与中国现代化发展水平的双重“跃升”。马克思始终强调理解生产力的发展要与社会经济的变迁相结合，“人们所达到的生产力的总和决定着社会状况，因而，始终必须把‘人类的历史’同工业和交换的历史联系起来研究和探讨”。基于此，理解和把握新质生产力赋能中国式现代化，需要结合当前中国的现代化发展实际深入探究新质生产力如何发挥赋能功能。

(I) Research Methods for the Empowerment Mechanism of New Quality Productive Forces

（一）新质生产力赋能机理的研究方法

In studying the current impact effects and mechanisms of new quality productive forces on Chinese-path modernization, existing research results primarily employ theoretical analysis and empirical analysis. Regarding theoretical analysis, scholars focus on the connotation and extension of new quality productive forces to study their specific operational mechanisms in empowering Chinese-path modernization. The above summary of the analytical frameworks used by the academic community to study the issue of new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization basically falls within the scope of the application of theoretical analysis. Regarding empirical analysis, the academic community focuses on the level of industrial chain modernization caused by industrial structure transformation, enhancing the resilience of the manufacturing industry supply chain and the resilience of urban industrial chains. By constructing various econometric models and establishing relevant indicator systems, they verify the empowerment mechanism of new quality productive forces on Chinese-path modernization.

研究当前新质生产力对中国式现代化的影响效应及作用机制问题，现有研究成果主要通过理论分析法和实证分析法进行探讨。就理论分析法而言，学者们聚焦新质生产力的内涵与外延研究其赋能中国式现代化的具体运行机理。上述对学界研究新质生产力赋能中国式现代化问题分析框架的归纳总结，基本都属于理论分析法应用的范围。就实证分析法而言，学界重点关注产业结构转型引起的产业链现代化水平、提升制造业产业链供应韧性与城市产业链韧性，通过构建多种计量模型，并建立相关指标体系验证新质生产力对中国式现代化的赋能机理。

(II) Research Content on the Empowerment Process of New Quality Productive Forces

（二）新质生产力赋能过程的研究内容

The first is the theory of industrial empowerment. Scholars holding this view, based on the goal of building a Chinese-path modernization industrial system, focus on studying the development logic of new quality productive forces empowering industrial modernization and agricultural modernization, explaining the practical path of new quality productive forces advancing Chinese-path modernization. On the one hand, industrialization is the core content of modernization; the process of advancing Chinese-path modernization is, in fact, the process of continuous upgrading of China's industrial modernization. Zhao Qiuyun and Yan Jiajia argue that by 2030, China's industrialization will enter the stage of data-driven technological innovation, and new quality productive forces represented by data are the core driving force for the development of modern industry. Among them, new-type industrialization is an important manifestation of the new development stage of Chinese-path modernization. Some scholars point out that the new quality productive forces formed under the background of the new round of industrial revolution have unity and commonality with new-type industrialization. The two jointly consolidate the material and technological foundation of Chinese-path modernization through multiple pathways such as technological innovation, institutional reform, industrial transformation, factor agglomeration, diversified integration, bottleneck breakthroughs, and facility support. Ren Baoping, analyzing the path of "science and technology – industry – productive forces," examines the two-way interactive relationship between forming new quality productive forces and advancing new-type industrialization, arguing that the two jointly construct the dynamic support for Chinese-path modernization. On the other hand, agricultural modernization is an important foundation of Chinese-path modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes that "without a strong agricultural country, there is no strong modern country as a whole; without agricultural and rural modernization, socialist modernization is incomplete." [7]7 This is a quotation from Xi Jinping's speech at the Central Rural Work Conference in December 2022. Currently, China's agricultural modernization has many weak links, urgently requiring new driving forces to lead high-quality agricultural development. New quality productive forces can enhance agricultural driving capacity by transforming factor systems, strengthen agricultural support carriers by optimizing technological systems, and innovate agricultural development methods by linking industrial systems, thereby promoting the process of Chinese-style agricultural and rural modernization. At the same time, the revitalization of rural industries is an important measure for agricultural modernization. Wu Heqing, based on the perspectives of factors, structure, and function, discusses the operational mechanism and effective strategies of new quality productive forces empowering the revitalization of rural industries. Furthermore, some scholars, from a holistic perspective, study the empowerment of the construction of a Chinese-path modernization industrial system by new quality productive forces, promoting the construction of a modern industrial system, and analyzing how new quality productive forces effectively enhance the resilience and security level of the manufacturing industry chain. Against the backdrop of the burgeoning new round of industrial revolution, new factors, new technologies, new driving forces, and new industries are emerging in a spurt. To seize the historical opportunity to advance Chinese-path modernization, it is necessary to inject the gathered and formed real productive forces into various industrial carriers. Through the transformation, upgrading, and integrated development of industry, agriculture, and the service sector, new growth engines can be created for building a modern economic system and forming a new development pattern.

一是产业赋能论。持此类观点的学者基于建设中国式现代化产业体系的目标，聚焦研究新质生产力赋能工业现代化与农业现代化的发展逻辑，阐释新质生产力推进中国式现代化的实践进路。一方面，工业化是现代化的核心内容，推进中国式现代化的过程，实际上就是中国工业现代化不断升级的过程。赵秋运和严佳佳认为，2030年中国的工业化即将步入数据科技创新阶段，以数据代表的新质生产力是现代工业发展的核心驱动力。其中，新型工业化是中国式现代化新发展阶段的重要体现，有学者指出新一轮产业革命背景下形成的新质生产力与新型工业化具有统一性和共通性，二者通过科技创新、制度变革、产业转型、要素集聚、多元融合、瓶颈突破、设施承载等多种路径，共同夯实中国式现代化的物质技术基础。任保平则从“科技产业生产力”的路径分析了形成新质生产力与推进新型工业化的双向互动关系，认为二者共同构建了中国式现代化的动力支撑。另一方面，农业现代化是中国式现代化的重要根基，习近平总书记强调“没有农业强国就没有整个现代化强国；没有农业农村现代化，社会主义现代化就是不全面的。”当前我国农业现代化存在很多薄弱环节，亟须新的动能引领农业高质量发展。新质生产力能够以变革要素系统提升农业驱动能力、以优化技术系统强化农业支撑载体、以联动产业系统革新农业发展方式，推动中国式农业农村现代化进程。同时，乡村产业振兴是农业现代化的重要举措，吴合庆基于要素、结构和功能视角论述了新质生产力赋能乡村产业振兴的运行机制和有效策略。此外，还有学者从整体性视角研究了新质生产力赋能中国式现代化产业体系建设、推动构建现代化产业体系，以及分析新质生产力如何有效提升制造业产业链韧性与安全水平。在新一轮产业革命方兴未艾背景下，新要素、新技术、新动能、新产业如井喷式涌现，如何抓住历史机遇推进中国式现代化，必须将汇聚形成的现实生产力注入到各大产业载体，通过工业、农业、服务业等转型升级和融合发展，为建成现代化经济体系、形成新发展格局打造新的增长引擎。

Second, the factor empowerment thesis. The “new” and “quality” of new quality productive forces are unified in the productive forces themselves. Based on the political-economic theory of the composition of the factors of productive forces, scholars focus on the constituent elements of new quality productive forces to analyze their empowering mechanism for Chinese-path modernization. For example, Tong Yaxin and Jiang Yongqiang propose that developing new quality productive forces by cultivating high-quality, intelligent laborers, innovating digitalized and technological means of labor, and effectively controlling capital can inject new momentum into Chinese-path modernization. Wu Zheng, focusing on the core element of new quality productive forces—scientific and technological innovation—comprehensively analyzes how new quality productive forces empower Chinese-path modernization through technological innovation effects, organizational innovation effects, and institutional innovation effects. Thus, new quality productive forces drive economic growth through factor innovation, thereby promoting the realization of economic modernization. Additionally, Zhang Xiao and He Yufang emphasize that new quality productive forces jointly exert force in the supply and application capacity of technological innovation, the efficient utilization and rational allocation of production factors, the improvement of mechanisms for talent cultivation and mobility, and the construction of global science and technology platforms and sharing platforms, thereby empowering the unique advantages of Chinese-path modernization. The leap in the constituent elements of new quality productive forces and their modes of combination provides strong support for raising the level of development of Chinese-path modernization. However, developing new quality productive forces requires forming new relations of production; while focusing on factor empowerment, the relationships among people must also be properly handled to avoid falling into the theory of isolated empowerment by new quality productive forces.

二是要素赋能论。新质生产力的“新”与“质”统一于生产力本身，基于政治经济学关于生产力要素构成论，学者们着眼于新质生产力的组成要素分析其对中国式现代化的赋能机理。如：童亚新和蒋永强提出通过培养高素质、智能化劳动者、创新数字化和科技化生产工具以及对资本的有效控制等方面发展新质生产力，能够为中国式现代化注入了新动力。武峥则着眼于新质生产力的核心要素：科技创新，全面分析了新质生产力以技术创新效应、组织创新效应和制度创新效应赋能中国式现代化。因此，新质生产力借助于要素创新带动经济增长，进而促进经济现代化的实现。另外，张晓和何玉芳强调新质生产力在技术创新供给和应用能力方面、生产要素高效利用与合理配置方面、健全人才培养与流动机制方面以及搭建全球科技平台与共享平台方面共同发力，为中国式现代化独特优势赋能。新质生产力的构成要素及其组合方式的跃升为提升中国式现代化发展水平提供强力支持，而发展新质生产力需要形成新型生产关系，关注要素赋能的同时，还应妥善处理好人与人之间的关系，防止陷入新质生产力孤立赋能论。

Third, the civilization empowerment thesis. The level of development of productive forces is an important marker of humanity’s entry into civilized society. In the process of advancing modernization, China has continuously explored and promoted the development of productive forces, laying a solid material foundation for Chinese-path modernization to lead a new form of human civilization. Under new historical conditions, the proposal of new quality productive forces provides new momentum for realizing Chinese-path modernization and creating a new form of human civilization. Cao Yongxin points out that the two dimensions of “material culture” and “spiritual culture” contained in China’s “new quality productive forces” jointly advance the construction of a new form of human civilization and help Chinese-path modernization proceed steadily and far. New quality productive forces are an advanced state of productive forces that conforms to the new development philosophy; their formation and development embody a logic that transcends the single civilization (e.g., material civilization) of Western modernization. The five-civilization logic of Chinese-path modernization gives rise to the five aspects of civilization empowerment by new quality productive forces. Therefore, new quality productive forces also include a promoting effect on the development of political civilization, social civilization, and ecological civilization.

三是文明赋能论。生产力的发展水平是人类进入文明社会的重要标志，中国在推进现代化进程中持续探索并推进生产力发展，为中国式现代化引领人类文明新形态奠定了扎实的物质基础。在新的历史条件下，新质生产力的提出为实现中国式现代化、创造人类文明新形态提供了新动能。曹泳鑫指出中国“新质生产力”所包含的“物质文化”和“精神文化”两个层面，共同推进构建人类文明新形态，助推中国式现代化行稳致远。新质生产力是符合新发展理念的先进生产力质态，它的形成与发展蕴含了超越西方现代化的单一文明（如物质文明）逻辑。而中国式现代化的五大文明逻辑孕育了新质生产力的五方面文明赋能，因此，新质生产力还包括对发展政治文明、社会文明与生态文明的促进作用。

The above research on new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization from three dimensions has its own emphases and clear levels. These research perspectives have certain practical value for guiding Chinese-path modernization. However, there is still a lack of research on specific empowerment mechanisms, especially a tendency to neglect discussing the empowerment mechanism of new quality productive forces in conjunction with relations of production. Taking the driverless car industry as an example: driverless technology represents a future development trend and provides technical conditions for liberating part of human labor. But how to resolve the substitution of “manned driving” by driverless driving—that is, the substitution of humans by artificial intelligence—and how to achieve the synchronous development of technology and people? This is not only a problem of machines squeezing out workers’ jobs but also involves the subversion and innovation of relations of production, requiring in-depth study of the operational mechanisms involved. If new quality productive forces are only approached from the broad logics of empowering industry, empowering factors, and empowering civilization, they clearly remain at the theoretical level; specific research on empowerment to solve practical problems still needs to be deepened.

以上关于新质生产力从三个维度赋能中国式现代化的研究，各有侧重、层次分明。这些研究视角对于指导中国式现代化具有一定的现实价值，但是，仍然缺乏研究具体化的赋能机制，特别是存在忽视结合生产关系谈论新质生产力赋能机制的倾向。以无人驾驶汽车行业为例，无人驾驶技术代表着未来发展的趋势，也为解放人类部分劳动提供技术条件，但如何解决无人驾驶对“有人驾驶”的替代，即人工智能对人的某种替代，如何实现技术与人的同步发展，这不仅是机器挤占劳动者工作岗位的问题，更是涉及生产关系的颠覆与创新，需要深入研究其中的运行机理。新质生产力如果单从赋能产业、赋能要素和赋能文明等大逻辑出发，显然只停留在理论上，对于赋能解决现实问题的具体研究还有待深化。

III. Paths for New Quality Productive Forces to Empower Chinese-Path Modernization

三、新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的路径

In-depth research on the specific realization paths for new quality productive forces to empower Chinese-path modernization is not only a practical requirement for developing new quality productive forces in the New Era but also an inherent meaning of realizing Chinese-path modernization. A survey of the research results on “empowerment paths” in academia can be summarized in terms of principles and methods, institutional guarantees, and practical approaches.

深入研究新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的具体实现路径，不仅是新时代发展新质生产力的现实要求，也是实现中国式现代化的题中之义。概览学界提出“赋能路径”的研究成果，可以归纳为原则方法、制度保障、实践进路等方面。

(I) Principles and Methods for New Quality Productive Forces to Empower Chinese-Path Modernization

（一）新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的原则方法

After more than forty years of reform and opening up, during which China’s economy has accumulated quantitative growth through rapid development, maintaining the sustained and healthy development of China’s economy must shift to qualitative improvement. High-quality development is the theme of China’s economic and social development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period and beyond, and it concerns the overall situation of China’s socialist modernization. High-quality development requires new theories of productive forces to guide it. General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important discourse on new quality productive forces systematically answers the major epochal questions of “why to develop new quality productive forces, what kind of new quality productive forces to develop, and how to develop new quality productive forces,” forming a theory of new quality productive forces with rich connotations. This is a major innovation in the Marxist thought on productive forces and the latest achievement of Xi Jinping’s economic thought. This theory provides a fundamental theoretical guideline for promoting the development of Chinese-path modernization and thereby achieving the goal of building a great modern socialist country.

中国经过改革开放四十多年经济高速发展量的积累，继续保持中国经济持续健康发展必须转向质的提升。高质量发展是“十四五”乃至更长时期我国经济社会发展的主题，关系我国社会主义现代化建设全局。高质量发展需要新的生产力理论来指导，习近平总书记关于新质生产力的重要论述，系统回答了“为何发展新质生产力发展什么样的新质生产力如何发展新质生产力”的重大时代课题，形成了内涵丰富的新质生产力理论，是对马克思主义生产力思想的重大创新，也是习近平经济思想的最新成果。这一理论对于促进中国式现代化的发展，进而实现社会主义现代化强国目标提供了根本理论遵循。

At present, “a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is reshaping the global innovation landscape and restructuring the global economic structure.” [8]8 This quotation is from a Chinese official document or speech, likely referring to the current global technological and economic transformation. The emergence of new business forms represented by the digital economy and the new energy economy brings a series of new opportunities and new challenges to China’s high-quality economic development. Some scholars point out that in the process of new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization, it is necessary to take Xi Jinping’s economic thought as a guide, grasp the dialectical movement between relations of production and productive forces, properly handle the relationship between the real economy and finance, and ensure the development of new quality productive forces under the socialist system. At the same time, new quality productive forces, through major breakthroughs in science and technology, trigger major adjustments in relations of production and the superstructure. In advancing Chinese-path modernization, it is necessary to properly handle the relationship between new quality productive forces and high-quality development, the relationship between top-level government design and market exploration, the relationship between traditional industries and strategic industries and future industries, the relationship between technological innovation and institutional innovation, and the relationship between self-reliance and opening up to the outside world.

当前，“新一轮科技革命和产业变革正在重构全球创新版图、重塑全球经济结构”，以数字经济、新能源经济为代表的新业态的出现，给我国经济高质量发展带来一系列新机遇和新挑战。有学者指出在新质生产力赋能中国式现代化实现过程中，要以习近平经济思想为指导，把握生产关系与生产力的辩证运动，处理好实体经济和金融的关系，在社会主义制度下保障新质生产力发展。同时，新质生产力以科学技术重大突破引发生产关系和上层建筑的重大调整，在推进中国式现代过程中，应把握好新质生产力与高质量发展的关系、政府顶层设计和市场探索的关系、传统产业和战略性产业未来产业的关系、科技创新与体制创新的关系、自立自强与对外开放等关系。

On the whole, these principles and methods align with the actual conditions of China’s economic development and provide important methodological and epistemological guidance for accurately understanding and grasping new quality productive forces and their mechanism for empowering Chinese-path modernization. In addition, it is necessary to continue exploring how to concretely apply and embody these principles and methods in the practice of developing new quality productive forces.

从整体上看，这些原则方法契合中国经济发展实际，为我们准确理解和把握新质生产力及其赋能中国式现代化的机制，提供了重要的方法论和认识论指引，此外，还需继续探究发展新质生产力的实践中如何具体运用和体现这些原则方法问题。

(II) Institutional Guarantees for New Quality Productive Forces to Empower Chinese-Path Modernization

（二）新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的制度保障

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out: “The fundamental way to turn the blueprint of Chinese-path modernization into reality lies in further deepening reform comprehensively, continuously improving various systems and mechanisms, and providing institutional guarantees for advancing Chinese-path modernization.” [1]1 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the Seminar on Studying and Implementing the Spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,” October 29, 2024. Only by deepening reform comprehensively, creatively breaking through institutional and mechanistic barriers, and continuously constructing and perfecting new relations of production that are compatible with new quality productive forces can we provide new momentum for the sustained development of Chinese-path modernization. At the macro level, it is necessary to accelerate relevant top-level design and formulate policies in key areas to raise the level of institutional construction. The “Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively to Advance Chinese-Path Modernization” (hereinafter referred to as the “Decision”) adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, [2]2 The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in July 2024. The “Decision” adopted at this session outlines a comprehensive reform agenda for the period up to 2029. taking economic system reform as the lead, comprehensively deploys reform measures in fourteen aspects of systems and mechanisms to promote high-quality development. The next step requires all relevant departments to implement the various reform tasks in the “Decision.” To this end, some scholars have pointed out that new quality productive forces should guide local governments’ strategic execution and governance capacity, providing a fundamental guarantee for modern China’s development. At the meso level, it is necessary to advance the forward-looking layout of future industries, construct a Chinese-path modernization industrial system with the real economy as the main body and innovation-driven as the core, and ensure that new quality productive forces act on the real economy. At the micro level, enterprises are the main drivers of technological progress and also the main entities for developing new quality productive forces. New quality productive forces arise from major breakthroughs in key and disruptive technologies. To transform them into actual productive forces, it is necessary to fully leverage the positive roles of the government, the market, and diverse social entities. It is essential to adhere to and implement the “two unswervinglys,” [3]3 “Two unswervinglys” (两个毫不动摇) refers to the Party’s policy of unswervingly consolidating and developing the public sector of the economy and unswervingly encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of the non-public sector. releasing the significant advantages of the socialist market economy system, in order to create new momentum for high-quality economic development. Therefore, entering the new stage of development, using the development of new quality productive forces as the foundation and driving force for advancing Chinese-path modernization is inseparable from institutional reform and innovation. In essence, it means relying on institutions to adjust the relations of production that constrain the development of new quality productive forces, providing institutional guarantees and a favorable environment for the practice of new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization.

习近平总书记指出：“把中国式现代化蓝图变为现实，根本在于进一步全面深化改革，不断完善各方面体制机制，为推进中国式现代化提供制度保障。”通过进一步全面深化改革，创造性突破体制机制藩篱，不断构建和完善与新质生产力相适应的新型生产关系，才能为中国式现代化持续发展提供新势能。从宏观层面看，必须加快相关顶层设计和制定重点领域政策，提升制度建设水平。党的二十届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革推进中国式现代化的决定》（以下简称“决定”)以经济体制改革为牵引，从十四个方面全面部署了体制机制改革的举措来推动高质量发展。下一步，需要各相关部门落实好“决定”中的各项改革任务。为此，有学者指出要以新质生产力引领地方政府战略执行和治理能力，为现代中国发展提供根本保障。从中观层面看，要推进未来产业前瞻布局，构建以实体经济为主体、创新驱动为核心的中国式现代化产业体系，保障新质生产力作用于实体经济上。从微观层面看，企业是技术进步的主要推动者，也是发展新质生产力的主体。新质生产力是以实现关键性技术与颠覆性技术的重大突破而产生，将其转化为现实生产力，需要充分发挥政府、市场、社会多元主体的积极作用，必须坚持和落实“两个毫不动摇”，释放社会主义市场经济体制的显著优势，才能为经济高质量发展塑造新动能。因此，进入新发展阶段，以发展新质生产力作为推进中国式现代化的基础和动力，离不开制度的改革创新，从本质上说，就是要依托制度调整束缚新质生产力发展的生产关系，为新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的实践提供制度保障和良好环境。

(III) Practical Pathways for New Quality Productive Forces Empowering Chinese-Path Modernization

（三）新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的实践进路

The specific pathways for new quality productive forces to empower Chinese-path modernization currently discussed in academia can be roughly divided into two categories. The first is the strategic pathway dimension. The strategic layout for new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization should focus on the goals of Chinese-path modernization and on solving the problems encountered in its advancement. From the perspective of the realization goals of Chinese-path modernization, its characteristics—a huge population, common prosperity for all, coordination between material civilization and cultural-ethical progress, harmony between humanity and nature, and a path of peaceful development—define the development pathways and direction of new quality productive forces. Therefore, the deployment of the three major tasks of new quality productive forces—namely, technological innovation, future industries, and high-quality development—must highlight the essential features of Chinese-path modernization. Some scholars have proposed strategic pathways such as adhering to the comprehensive development of people, cultivating innovative talents and building talent echelons, promoting ecological integration, and implementing high-level opening up. From the perspective of solving problems, the current Chinese economy faces challenges such as shocks from external uncertain factors, diminishing demographic dividend competitiveness, the urgent need for industrial chain transformation and upgrading, and contradictions between efficiency and fairness. Establishing a modern economic system empowered by new quality productive forces, new momentum for modernization, and a high-quality supply system can effectively address these risks and challenges. The second category is the practical pathway dimension. New quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization is a dynamic process. Using new quality productive forces to comprehensively advance the realization of Chinese-path modernization requires both following the laws of productive forces development and conforming to the laws of Chinese-path modernization construction. First, the development strategy of scientific and technological innovation drives the cultivation and development of new-quality talent, new-quality industries, and key core technologies. Second, common prosperity, sustainable development, and open development define the development direction of new quality productive forces. In summary, the “empowerment pathway” of new quality productive forces depends on the realization conditions and practical problems of Chinese-path modernization. The vast majority of existing literature explores this along these lines. It can be said that the new path of Chinese-path modernization is precisely a path of developing new quality productive forces.

学界目前关于新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的具体路径大致分为两类。第一类是战略路径维度。新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的战略布局要以中国式现代化的目标以及破解中国式现代化前行中的问题为着力点。从中国式现代化的实现目标看，中国式现代化的人口规模巨大、全体人民共同富裕、物质文明与精神文明相协调、人与自然和谐共生、走和平发展道路的特征规定了新质生产力发展路径与方向。因此，围绕新质生产力的三大重点任务即科技创新、未来产业、高质量发展的部署要凸显中国式现代化的本质特征。有学者提出坚持人的全面发展、培养创新型人才和建设人才梯队、促进生态融合、实施高水平对外开放等战略路径。从破解问题看，当前中国经济面临外部不确定因素的冲击、人口红利竞争力减弱、产业链亟待转型升级、效率公平矛盾等挑战，建立新质生产力赋能的现代经济体系、现代化新动能、高质量供给体系，能够有效应对这些风险和挑战。第二类是现实路径维度。新质生产力赋能中国式现代化是个动态过程，以新质生产力全面推进中国式现代化的实现，既要遵循生产力发展规律也要符合中国式现代化建设规律。一则以科技创新发展战略驱动新质人才、新质产业、关键核心技术的培育与发展；二则以共同富裕、可持续发展和开放发展规定新质生产力的发展路向。概括起来，新质生产力的“赋能路径”依赖于中国式现代化的实现条件与现实问题，现有文献绝大多数按照这一思路进行探讨，可以说，中国式现代化新道路就是一条发展新质生产力的道路。

The aforementioned research comprehensively proposes ideas, methods, and practical pathways for new quality productive forces to empower the realization of Chinese-path modernization. Ultimately, the mutual integration and promotion between the two lies in the key role of “people.” The goals of developing new quality productive forces and advancing Chinese-path modernization are both to achieve the true liberation of people, and people are the dynamic force for realizing this ultimate goal. Therefore, the issue of education must be emphasized. Education concerns not only the improvement of labor force quality but also the reproduction of the labor force, as well as its relationship with production and consumption. It requires long-term, sustained investment. China’s high-quality development must necessarily connect with high-quality education reform. Talent cultivation is not achieved overnight; it requires early and comprehensive implementation. Hence, it is also necessary to consider the issue of new quality productive forces empowering the realization of Chinese-path modernization from the perspective of education.

上述研究较为全面的提出新质生产力赋能中国式现代化实现的思路方法与实践路径，归根到底，二者存在互融互促的作用，在于“人”的关键性作用。发展新质生产力、推动中国式现代化的目标都是为了实现人的真正解放，而人又是实现这一终极目标的能动力量，因此，必须重视教育的问题。教育既关系劳动力素养提升的问题，又关系劳动力再生产的问题，还涉及与生产、消费之间的关系，它需要长期持续的投入。我国的高质量发展，势必要联通教育高质量改革，人才培养并非朝夕之功，需尽早落实全面落地。为此，还需从教育的角度思考新质生产力赋能中国式现代化实现的问题。

IV. Research Review and Prospects

四、研究述评与展望

(I) Characteristics of Academic Research on New Quality Productive Forces Empowering Chinese-Path Modernization

（一）学界关于新质生产力赋能中国式现代化研究的特点

Academic research on new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization exhibits the following characteristics:

学界关于新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的研究，呈现以下特点：

First, academia has preliminarily constructed a research paradigm for China’s independent economic knowledge system. Scholars treat new quality productive forces as an “endogenous” driving force of Chinese-path modernization, theoretically breaking the discourse logic that only Western modernization generates advanced productive forces. Based on China’s self-created signature concepts such as “new quality productive forces” and “Chinese-path modernization,” they deeply study how, in the process of modernization that introduces Western advanced productive forces and adapts them to the socialist system, China can gradually achieve the independent gestation of advanced productive forces by a socialist country, thereby transcending the practical logic of Western modernization. Guided by the problem orientation of developing new quality productive forces and advancing Chinese-path modernization, academia integrates theory, methods, and institutions for comprehensive and comparative research and interpretation, presenting an academic orientation toward constructing China’s independent economic knowledge system and serving socialist modernization construction.

第一，学界初步构建起中国自主经济学知识体系的研究范式。学者们将新质生产力作为中国式现代化的“内生化”动力，从理论上打破唯有西方现代化衍生先进生产力的话语逻辑。基于中国自主创造的“新质生产力”“中国式现代化”等标识性概念，深入研究中国在引进西方先进生产力与社会主义制度相适应的现代化建设中，如何逐步实现社会主义国家自主孕育先进生产力，以超越西方现代化的实践理路。学界以发展新质生产力与推进中国式现代化的问题导向，融合理论、方法、制度进行综合、对比研究阐释，呈现建构中国自主经济学知识体系，服务社会主义现代化建设的学术取向。

Second, academia has basically formed an analytical framework for studying new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization. Looking at the research approaches in existing achievements on new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization, there are both frameworks built using Marxist and its Sinicized theories and frameworks constructed by integrating theory and practice comprehensively. In applying these analytical frameworks, the integration of Marx’s theory of productive forces, the economics of productive forces, Marx’s theory of social development, and Western economic growth theory is a persistent concern in academia. From historical tracing to practical pathways, from practical problems to future development, academia has basically formed an analytical framework for new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization.

第二，学界基本形成研究新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的分析框架。纵观新质生产力赋能中国式现代化现有成果的研究思路，既有运用马克思主义及其中国化相关理论搭建研究框架，又有结合理论与实践综合建构的研究框架。在运用这些分析框架过程中，对马克思生产力理论、生产力经济学、马克思的社会发展理论与西方经济增长理论的融合是学界持续关注的问题。发展新质生产力推进中国式现代化，从历史溯源到实践路径，从现实问题到未来发展，学界基本形成了新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的分析框架。

Third, academia attaches importance to scientifically evaluating the empowering role of new quality productive forces and has constructed relevant evaluation indicator systems. Based on researching and explaining the mechanism of new quality productive forces’ role in Chinese-path modernization, existing research shows a trend shifting from theoretical analysis to empirical testing. On the basis of exploring the logical relationship between new quality productive forces and Chinese-path modernization, preliminary indicator systems and measurement systems for scientifically evaluating and calculating the level and effects of new quality productive forces have been constructed, providing a realistic basis from a statistical dimension for new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization.

第三，学界重视科学评价新质生产力的赋能作用并构建了相关评价指标体系。在研究阐释新质生产力对中国式现代化的作用机制基础上，已有研究呈现由理论分析转向实证检验的趋势。在探讨新质生产力与中国式现代化的逻辑关系基础上，初步构建了科学评价和测算新质生产力水平与效应的指标体系、测度体系，从统计学维度上为新质生产力赋能中国式现代化提供现实依据。

(II) Prospects for Research on New Quality Productive Forces Empowering Chinese-Path Modernization

（二）研究新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的展望

Since new quality productive forces are being formed and developed in practice, and the theoretical system of Chinese-path modernization is still being continuously perfected, there remains significant room for expansion and deepening in research on new quality productive forces empowering Chinese-path modernization. On the one hand, it is necessary to improve the research perspective and argumentation perspective, grasping the global positioning and future direction of Chinese-path modernization and new quality productive forces from the development logic of world modernization. On the other hand, research on the unique mechanisms through which Chinese-path modernization promotes the development of new quality productive forces should be strengthened.

由于新质生产力正在实践中形成并发展，而中国式现代化理论体系仍在不断完善中，所以，新质生产力赋能中国式现代化的研究尚有巨大拓展和深化的空间。一方面，要完善研究视野和论证视野，从世界现代化的发展逻辑中把握中国式现代化与新质生产力的世界定位和未来走向，另一方面，加强中国式现代化对发展新质生产力的独特机制研究。

First, research on the world positioning and future direction of Chinese-path modernization and new quality productive forces. Chinese-path modernization is essentially a social transformation of China’s entry into the modern world; therefore, scientifically positioning Chinese-path modernization and new quality productive forces within the global picture of modernization has its necessity and rationality. To explain the world significance of Chinese-path modernization from the perspective of new quality productive forces, it is necessary to horizontally compare the productive forces that drive modernization, identifying the similarities and differences between Chinese-path modernization and Western modernization. New quality productive forces are, after all, productive forces. To define their unique advantages, one must return to Marx’s analysis of the mechanisms by which capitalist modernization and modern productive forces emerge, scientifically grasping the relationship between productive forces, modes of production, relations of production, and modern economic-social formations, as well as their direction of evolution.

第一，中国式现代化与新质生产力的世界定位和未来走向研究。中国式现代化实质上是中国走向现代世界的社会变革，因此，在现代化世界图景中科学定位中国式现代化与新质生产力有其必要性和合理性。从新质生产力视角阐释中国式现代化的世界意义，需要横向比较同样作为驱动现代化的生产力，对于中国式现代化与西方现代化异同所在。新质生产力终究是生产力，如何界定其独特优势，还需回到马克思对资本主义现代化与现代生产力产生机制的分析上，科学把握生产力、生产方式、生产关系与现代经济社会形态的关系及其演进方向。

Second, strengthen research on the unique mechanisms by which Chinese-path modernization develops new quality productive forces. To study new quality productive forces from the perspective of Chinese-path modernization development, it is important to explore the special mechanisms that can accommodate the growth of new factors and institutional change. To this end, future academic research on this issue can be deepened in the following areas: First, studying the roots of the superiority of Chinese-path modernization under the driving logic of new quality productive forces should also focus on the path by which socialist states shape advanced productive forces; second, studying that new quality productive forces are endogenous to the practice of Chinese-path modernization requires not only analyzing the generation of new quality productive forces from the perspective of technological innovation or the history of scientific and technological revolutions, but also drawing lessons from the specific mechanisms by which different countries’ modernization development models generate productive forces, so as to enrich research on the conditions for the formation of new quality productive forces; third, placing new quality productive forces within the history of dividing human society by the standard of productive forces (the age of fishing and hunting, the age of agriculture, the age of industry), new quality productive forces still belong to a stage of development within industrial productive forces; therefore, it is also necessary to study new quality productive forces in conjunction with the sub-stages of China’s industrial development.

第二，加强中国式现代化对发展新质生产力的独特机制研究。从中国式现代化发展的角度研究新质生产力，重要的是探究能容纳新因素成长和制度变革的特殊机制。为此，关于这一问题的研究，今后学界可以从以下几方面进行深化：一是，在新质生产力驱动逻辑下研究中国式现代化优越性的根源，还应侧重社会主义国家塑造先进生产力的路径研究；二是，研究新质生产力内生于中国式现代化的实践，不仅要从科技创新或科技革命史的视角分析新质生产力的生成，还要镜鉴不同国家现代化发展模式衍生生产力的具体机制，以丰富新质生产力形成条件的研究；三是，将新质生产力置入以生产力标准划分人类社会的历史中（渔猎时代、农业时代、工业时代），新质生产力仍属于工业生产力的阶段性发展，因此还需结合中国工业发展的细分阶段研究新质生产力。

(Fund project: National Social Science Fund University Ideological and Political Theory Course Research Special Project, “Research on the Construction of a Three-Dimensional Teaching System for ‘Introduction to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era’ Based on Student Acquisition” (22VSZ63))

（基金项目：" 国家社会科学基金高校思政课研究专项“基于学生获得感的‘习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想概论‘立体化教学体系构建研究（22VSZ63））

(Author biographies: Kang Jinxia, doctoral candidate and associate professor, School of Marxism, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; Zhang Xu, director, professor, and doctoral supervisor, Political Economy Research Office, Institute of Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

（作者简介：康晋霞， 中国社会科学院大学马克思主义学院博士研究生，副教授；张旭，中国社会科学院经济研究所政治经济学研究室主任、教授、博士生导师）

Online editor: Paul

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