Research on the Innovation Path of Building New Era Civilisation Practice Centres

Civilisation is the soul of national development; civilisation is the hallmark of social progress. In the New Era, facing the strategic overall situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the changes unseen in a century in the world, the Chinese nation, in order to build a culturally strong country and display the civilisation of a great power under new circumstances and a new environment, must undertake the mission of holding high the banner, gathering the people’s hearts, educating new people, revitalising culture, and presenting the image. It must deeply carry out civilisation practice, so that the Party’s innovative theories take root among the people, the broad and profound fine traditional Chinese culture is passed down, and the long-standing Chinese civilisation radiates brilliant light in the New Era. In August 2018, at the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work, General Secretary Xi Jinping made the major decision to build New Era Civilisation Practice Centres, emphasising: “Advance the building of New Era Civilisation Practice Centres, continuously raise the people’s ideological awareness, moral standards, cultural-ethical accomplishment, and the level of civilisation of the whole society.” Subsequently, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee issued the “Guiding Opinions on the Pilot Work of Building New Era Civilisation Practice Centres,” lifting the curtain on the pilot work. Since then, many provinces and cities across the country have intensively launched pilot work on building New Era Civilisation Practice Centres. In three years, the number of pilot units expanded from 50 to 500, and New Era Civilisation Practice Centres have become schools for people to study theoretical policies, stages for enriching cultural life, and platforms for advocating the transformation of outdated customs.

文明是国家发展的灵魂，文明是社会进步的标志。新时代，面对中华民族伟大复兴战略全局，面对世界百年未有之大变局，中华民族要在新态势新环境中建成文化强国、展现大国文明，必须承担起举旗帜、聚民心、育新人、兴文化、展形象的使命，必须深入开展文明实践，让党的创新理论落地生根，让博大精深的中华优秀传统文化传承下去，让源远流长的中华文明在新时代绽放璀璨光芒。2018年8月，习近平总书记在全国宣传思想工作会议上作出建设新时代文明实践中心的重大决策，强调：“推进新时代文明实践中心建设，不断提升人民思想觉悟、道德水准、文明素养和全社会文明程度。”随后,中共中央办公厅印发《关于建设新时代文明实践中心试点工作的指导意见》，拉开试点工作帷幕。自此，全国多个省市密集启动了新时代文明实践中心建设的试点工作。三年来，试点单位从50家扩大到500家，新时代文明实践中心成为人们学习理论政策的学校、丰富文化生活的舞台、倡导移风易俗的平台。

I. The Significance of Building New Era Civilisation Practice Centres

一、建设新时代文明实践中心的意义

In the New Era, facing the new changes in the complex international environment, in order to adapt to the transformation of our country’s principal contradiction, promote the Party’s theoretical policies to take root among the people, advance the leap from a culturally large country to a culturally strong country, and continuously raise the level of social civilisation, it is necessary to extensively carry out civilisation practice activities. It is against this background that General Secretary Xi Jinping issued the important instruction on building New Era Civilisation Practice Centres, pointing out: “We must vigorously promote the new trends of the times, strengthen ideological and moral construction, deeply implement the project of civic moral construction, strengthen and improve ideological and political work, and advance the building of New Era Civilisation Practice Centres.”

新时代，面对错综复杂的国际环境新变化，为适应我国社会主要矛盾的转化，推动党的理论政策落地生根，推进文化大国到文化强国的跨越，不断提升社会文明程度，必须广泛开展文明实践活动。习近平总书记正是在这种背景下作出了建设新时代文明实践中心的重要指示，指出“要大力弘扬时代新风，加强思想道德建设，深入实施公民道德建设工程，加强和改进思想政治工作，推进新时代文明实践中心建设”。

1. The Need for the Party’s Theoretical Policies to Take Root Among the People

1．党的理论政策落地生根的需要

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “The history of the Chinese nation over more than 180 years since modern times, the history of the Communist Party of China over 100 years since its founding, and the history of the People’s Republic of China over more than 70 years since its founding have all fully proved that without the Communist Party of China, there would be no New China, and there would be no great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.” Looking back on the century-long journey, the Communist Party of China has adhered to integrating the basic principles of Marxism with China’s specific realities, proposing and implementing a series of theories, lines, principles, and policies, and has carried out arduous struggles to save the Chinese nation from peril and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. During the period of the New Democratic Revolution, facing the White Terror and encirclement and suppression by the Kuomintang, our Party blazed the correct revolutionary path of encircling the cities from the countryside and seizing political power by armed force. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, facing the brutal atrocities of the Japanese imperialist aggressors, our Party adhered to the line of total resistance against Japan and won the complete victory of the national liberation war. After the founding of New China, our Party proposed the general line for the transition period and completed the great leap to a socialist society. At the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, our Party made the historic decision of reform and opening up, successfully opening up the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, our Party has led the people to comprehensively advance the Five-Sphere Integrated Plan and coordinate the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy, promoting historic achievements and historic transformations in the cause of the Party and the state. Even in the face of the sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, our Party was able to respond to extraordinary events with extraordinary measures, achieving major strategic results in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Even in the face of the millennium-old problem of poverty, our Party was able to implement precise policies and accomplish the arduous task of eradicating absolute poverty.

习近平总书记指出：“中华民族近代以来180多年的历史、中国共产党成立以来100年的历史、中华人民共和国成立以来70多年的历史都充分证明，没有中国共产党，就没有新中国，就没有中华民族伟大复兴。”回首百年征程，中国共产党坚持把马克思主义基本原理与中国具体实际相结合，提出并实施了一系列理论、路线、方针、政策，为挽救中华民族危亡、实现中华民族伟大复兴进行了艰苦卓绝的奋斗。新民主主义革命时期，面对国民党的白色恐怖与围剿，我们党开辟了农村包围城市、武装夺取政权的正确革命道路。抗战时期，面对日本帝国主义侵略者的残酷暴行，我们党坚持全面抗战路线，夺取了民族解放战争的完全胜利。新中国成立后，我们党提出了过渡时期的总路线，完成了向社会主义社会的大跨越。党的十一届三中全会，我们党作出了改革开放的历史性决策，成功开辟了中国特色社会主义道路。党的十八大以来，我们党领导人民统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局、协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，推动党和国家事业取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革。纵使面对突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情，我们党也能以非常之举应对非常之事，取得抗击新冠肺炎疫情斗争重大战略成果。纵使面对千年贫困难题，我们党也能精准施策，完成消除绝对贫困的艰巨任务。

Practice has proven and will continue to prove that only the Communist Party of China can lead the Chinese people to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation; only by adhering to and implementing the Party’s theories, lines, principles, and policies, and fully unleashing their ideological guiding force and practical creativity, can the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation be achieved.

实践已经证明并将继续证明，只有中国共产党才能带领中国人民实现中华民族伟大复兴；只有坚持贯彻党的理论、路线、方针、政策，充分发挥其思想引领力和实践创造力，才能实现中华民族伟大复兴。

New Era Civilisation Practice Centres take studying and implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as their primary political task. By carrying out diversified and flexible theoretical propaganda for civilisation practice, they guide the masses to grasp the basic viewpoints, core concepts, and practical requirements of this thought, enhancing the people’s political identity, ideological identity, and emotional identity. By explaining the Party’s major policies and interpreting policies that benefit the people, they give the common people hope for life and confidence in the future, mobilising and inspiring the masses to actively participate in socialist modernisation. As propaganda positions close to the masses, New Era Civilisation Practice Centres are effective carriers for studying and practising scientific theory and for propagating and explaining the Party’s policies. They can promote the Party’s innovative theories to “fly into the homes of ordinary people,” [1]1 The “five-sphere integrated plan” (五位一体) refers to China’s overall plan for building socialism with Chinese characteristics, encompassing economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological civilization construction. boosting the transformation of the Party’s innovative theories into the vivid practice of the grassroots masses.

新时代文明实践中心，以学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为首要政治任务，通过开展多样化、灵活化的文明实践理论宣讲，引导群众掌握这一思想的基本观点、核心理念、实践要求，增强群众的政治认同、思想认同、情感认同；通过阐释党的大政方针、解读利民惠民政策，让百姓对生活有盼头、对未来有信心，动员和激励群众积极投身于社会主义现代化建设。新时代文明实践中心作为群众身边的宣传阵地，是学习践行科学理论、宣传宣讲党的政策的有效载体，能够推动党的创新理论“飞入寻常百姓家”，助推党的创新理论转化为基层群众的生动实践。

2. The Need to Inherit Fine Traditional Chinese Culture

2.中华优秀传统文化传承的需要

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Without the five-thousand-year civilisation of China, where would Chinese characteristics come from? Without Chinese characteristics, how could we have such a successful path of socialism with Chinese characteristics today? We must pay special attention to excavating the essence of China’s five-thousand-year civilisation, promote fine traditional culture, combine its essence with the standpoints, viewpoints, and methods of Marxism, and unswervingly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.” The fine traditional culture accumulated by the Chinese nation over several thousand years not only demonstrates vitality and guiding power in the course of history but also provides rich nourishment for the Chinese nation to overcome difficulties and carry forward the cause into the future.

习近平总书记指出：“如果没有中华五千年文明，哪里有什么中国特色？如果不是中国特色，哪有我们今天这么成功的中国特色社会主义道路？我们要特别重视挖掘中华五千年文明中的精华，弘扬优秀传统文化，把其中的精华同马克思主义立场观点方法结合起来，坚定不移走中国特色社会主义道路。”中华民族几千年来积淀的优秀传统文化，不仅在历史进程中彰显着生命力和引导力，而且为中华民族克服困难、继往开来提供着丰厚滋养。

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “In the long river of history, the Chinese nation has formed a great national spirit and fine traditional culture. This is the cultural gene for the Chinese nation’s endless vitality and long-term prosperity, and it is also the spiritual force for achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.” On the new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country, the ideological wisdom, behavioural benchmarks, and value pursuits carried by fine traditional Chinese culture remain the spiritual force for our progress. To inherit and promote fine traditional Chinese culture in the New Era, it is necessary to promote the most basic cultural genes of the Chinese nation “in ways that people like to see and hear and that have broad participation, and to carry forward the cultural spirit that transcends time and space, transcends national boundaries, is full of eternal charm, and has contemporary value.” New Era Civilisation Practice Centres, precisely by carrying out flexible, diverse, and content-rich civilisation practice activities, deeply excavate the fine family traditions contained in fine traditional culture to integrate them into family building, extensively absorb the experience of rule by virtue contained in fine traditional culture to embed it deeply in grassroots governance, and continuously inherit the traditional virtues contained in fine traditional culture to promote moral construction. This can both enhance people’s confidence in and conscious practice of fine traditional culture and cultivate good family traditions, nurture simple folk customs, and innovate grassroots governance. In a certain sense, New Era Civilisation Practice Centres, by exploring the contemporary forms of traditional culture through civilisation practice, absorb new nutrients, and by demonstrating the ideological essence of traditional culture through cultural infiltration, reflect the value of “using the past for the present,” [2]2 “Red and white councils” (红白理事会) are grassroots organizations in Chinese villages that manage weddings (red events) and funerals (white events), often aiming to curb extravagant spending and promote frugality. and can become an “accelerator” for “revitalising culture,” forging a civilisational foundation for advancing the building of a strong socialist country in the New Era.

习近平总书记指出：“在历史的长河中，中华民族形成了伟大民族精神和优秀传统文化，这是中华民族生生不息、长盛不衰的文化基因，也是实现中华民族伟大复兴的精神力量。”在全面建设社会主义现代化国家的新征程上，中华优秀传统文化承载的思想智慧、行为基准和价值追求，依然是我们前进的精神力量。新时代传承弘扬中华优秀传统文化，就必须将中华民族最基本的文化基因“以人们喜闻乐见、具有广泛参与性的方式推广开来，把跨越时空、超越国度、富有永恒魅力、具有当代价值的文化精神弘扬起来”。新时代文明实践中心，正是通过开展灵活多样、内容丰富的文明实践活动，深入挖掘优秀传统文化蕴含的优良家风以融入家庭建设，广泛汲取优秀传统文化蕴含的德治经验以深植基层治理，不断传承优秀传统文化蕴含的传统美德以推动道德建设，既能够增强人们对优秀传统文化的自信和自觉践行，又能够涵养良好家风、培育淳朴民风、创新基层治理。从一定意义上讲，新时代文明实践中心以文明实践探索传统文化的时代形态吸吮出新的养分，以文化浸润展现传统文化的思想精华折射“今用”的价值，能够成为“兴文化”的“加速器”，为新时代推进社会主义强国建设铸就文

foundation.

明底蕴。

3. The Need to Raise the Level of Social Civilisation

3.社会文明程度提升的需要

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasised, “To achieve our development goals, we must become strong materially and also strong spiritually,” and “We must promote the coordinated development of material civilisation and cultural-ethical progress, continuously raising the people’s cultural-ethical accomplishment and the level of social civilisation.” The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee placed the improvement of the level of social civilisation in an important position, clearly designating “achieving new improvements in the level of social civilisation” as one of the main goals for economic and social development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. The social civilisation referred to here is not social civilisation in a broad sense, but rather the improvement of the quality of the citizenry and the cultural-ethical progress of the entire society. “The quality of the citizenry and the level of social civilisation reaching new heights” has become one of the long-term goals for basically realising socialist modernisation by 2035.

习近平总书记强调，“实现我们的发展目标，既要在物质上强大起来，而且要在精神上强大起来”，“要推动物质文明和精神文明协调发展，不断提升人民文明素养和社会文明程度”。党的十九届五中全会把提高社会文明程度放在重要位置，明确将“社会文明程度得到新提高”作为“十四五”时期经济社会发展的主要目标之一。这里的社会文明不是广义的社会文明，而是指国民素质的提高与整个社会的精神文明。“国民素质和社会文明程度达到新高度”已成为2035年基本实现社会主义现代化的远景目标之一。

Our modernization is a modernization in which material progress and cultural-ethical progress are coordinated. It requires not only the material abundance of “well-stocked granaries and adequate food and clothing,” but also the flourishing of civilization of “knowing propriety and honor.” At the present stage, compared with the world miracle created by China’s material progress, there is still considerable room for improvement in China’s cultural-ethical progress, and some problems in the sphere of cultural-ethical progress that cannot be ignored still exist. For example, the phenomena of some social members losing their faith and having a distorted outlook on values still persist; incidents of moral anomie and lack of integrity occur from time to time; and unhealthy social customs such as bad marriage practices, exorbitant bride prices, and the decline of filial piety remain. The existence of these problems affects the progress of the civilization of the Chinese nation and the comprehensive advancement of socialist modernization. Precisely for this reason, the 14th Five-Year Plan [1]1 The “five-sphere integrated plan” (五位一体) refers to China’s overall plan for building socialism with Chinese characteristics, encompassing economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological civilization construction. takes the improvement of the level of social civility as one of its important goals and proposes “implementing the civilization creation project and expanding the construction of New Era civilization practice centers.” The construction of New Era civilization practice centers is to focus efforts on improving the moral quality of the entire population and the level of social civility, persistently cultivating and practicing the core socialist values, regularly carrying out activities such as sending science, technology, and health services to the countryside, disseminating modern scientific and cultural knowledge and physical and mental health knowledge, and frequently conducting legal education to enhance the masses’ concept of the rule of law and awareness of rules, and so on. Through civilization practice, we promote the progress of ideological concepts and the enhancement of civilized literacy; through practical civilization, we promote the construction of a civilized order and the formation of good customs, thereby raising the level of social civility to a new height, and thus displaying a good national image and national quality, winning the respect of the world.

我们的现代化，是物质文明和精神文明相协调的现代化，既要有“仓廪实衣食足”的物质富裕，也要有“知礼节知荣辱”的文明勃兴。在现阶段，与我国物质文明创造的世界奇迹相比，我国精神文明建设还有较大提升空间，精神文明领域依然存在一些不容忽视的问题。比如，一些社会成员信仰缺失、价值观扭曲现象依然存在，道德失范、诚信缺失现象时有发生，婚丧陋习、天价彩礼、孝道式微等不良社会风气犹存。这些问题的存在影响着中华民族文明的进步，影响着社会主义现代化建设的全面推进。正因如此，“十四五”规划把社会文明程度的提高作为重要目标之一，并提出“实施文明创建工程，拓展新时代文明实践中心建设。新时代文明实践中心建设，就是要把工作重点放在提高全民道德素质和社会文明程度上，持之以恒地培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，常态化地开展科技卫生下乡、传播现代科学文化知识和身心健康知识，经常性地开展法治宣传教育、增强群众法治观念和规则意识，等等。以文明实践促思想观念的进步和文明素养的提升，以实践文明促文明秩序的构建和良好风尚的形成，从而使社会文明程度达到新高度，进而展现良好的国家形象和民族素质，赢得世界的尊重。

II. The Realistic Path for the Construction of New Era Civilization Practice Centers

二、新时代文明实践中心建设的现实路径

Since the Party Central Committee passed the “Guiding Opinions on Pilot Work for the Construction of New Era Civilization Practice Centers” in July 2018, the 500 pilot units of New Era civilization practice centers across the country have, after three years of piloting and exploration, gradually formed a feasible path relying on volunteer service, supported by the social credit system, and technically supported by the integrated resonance of civilization practice centers and converged media centers. This provides a replicable realistic path for expanding the construction of New Era civilization practice centers nationwide.

自2018年7月党中央通过《关于建设新时代文明实践中心试点工作的指导意见》以来，全国500家新时代文明实践中心试点单位经过三年的试点、探索，逐步形成一条以志愿服务为依托、以社会信用体系为支撑、以文明实践中心与融媒体中心融合共振为技术支持的可行性路径，为新时代文明实践中心建设向全国拓展提供了一条可复制的现实路径。

1. Volunteer Service: The Main Activity Mode of New Era Civilization Practice

1．志愿服务：新时代文明实践的主要活动方式

“Volunteer service is an important marker of social civility and progress.” It is the main way for the vast number of volunteers and volunteer service organizations to carry forward the volunteer spirit of “dedication, fraternity, mutual assistance, and progress” and to practice the story of Lei Feng [2]2 “Red and white councils” (红白理事会) are grassroots organizations in Chinese villages that manage weddings (red events) and funerals (white events), often aiming to curb extravagant spending and promote frugality. in the New Era. As a new position for spreading new ideas, a new carrier for promoting new customs, and a new field for providing new services, the New Era civilization practice center gathers the vitality of civilization practice through volunteers, demonstrates the charm of civilization practice through volunteer service, and promotes socialist volunteer service with Chinese characteristics to be active in both urban and rural areas, effectively opening up the “last kilometer” of propagating to, educating, caring for, and serving the masses.

“志愿服务是社会文明进步的重要标志”，是广大志愿者和志愿服务组织发扬“奉献、友爱、互助、进步”的志愿精神、践行新时代雷锋故事的主要方式。新时代文明实践中心作为传播新思想的新阵地、推广新风尚的新载体、提供新服务的新场域，以志愿者汇聚文明实践活力，以志愿服务彰显文明实践魅力，推动中国特色社会志愿服务活跃城乡，切实打通了宣传群众、教育群众、关心群众、服务群众的“最后一公里”。

Volunteers and volunteer service teams are the main force of New Era civilization practice volunteer service. Each New Era civilization practice center strives to build a strong volunteer service team. Haidian District in Beijing adheres to the “standard of the foremost” [3]3 “Standard of the foremost” (首善标准) is a phrase used to denote the highest or exemplary standard, often applied to Beijing as the capital city expected to set the best example. in building civilization practice volunteer service teams. The Ganjia Kou Subdistrict in Haidian District fully mobilizes the enthusiasm of veteran leaders, veteran experts, veteran model workers, and veteran Party members within its jurisdiction, establishing various types of volunteer service teams, including “Model Worker Volunteer Teams,” “Veteran Party Member Volunteer Teams,” “Veteran Expert Volunteer Teams,” “Veteran Teacher Volunteer Teams,” “Veteran Writer Volunteer Teams,” and “Veteran Technician Volunteer Teams,” forming a good situation where everyone strives to be a volunteer and everyone is willing to contribute.

志愿者和志愿服务队是新时代文明实践志愿服务的主体力量，各新时代文明实践中心着力打造强有力的志愿服务队。北京市海淀区坚持“首善标准”建设文明实践志愿服务队伍，海淀区甘家口街道充分发挥辖区内老首长、老专家、老劳模、老党员等的积极性，成立各种不同类型的志愿服务队，有“劳模志愿队”“老党员志愿队”“老专家志愿队”“老教师志愿队”“老作家志愿队”“老技师志愿队”等，形成了人人争当志愿者、人人乐于作贡献的良好局面。

As the core of volunteer service activities, the quality of volunteer service projects directly determines the effectiveness of the work of New Era civilization practice centers and affects the masses’ satisfaction with them. The pilot units of New Era civilization practice centers, based on the service targets, service content, and service requirements, carefully plan and specifically implement volunteer service projects that are close to life, close to people’s livelihoods, and attentive to reality. At the same time, according to the content of different projects, they adopt different volunteer service methods to promote the quality and efficiency of New Era civilization practice.

志愿服务项目作为志愿服务活动的核心，其质量的高低直接决定着新时代文明实践中心的工作成效，影响着群众对新时代文明实践中心的满意程度。新时代文明实践中心试点单位，根据服务对象、服务内容、服务要求，精心策划和具体实施贴近生活、贴近民生、关照现实的志愿服务项目；同时，依据不同项目内容，采取不同的志愿服务方式，促进新时代文明实践提质增效。

A scientific and efficient operational mechanism for civilization practice volunteer service is an important guarantee for the normalization of volunteer service. New Era civilization practice centers in places such as Xiqing District in Tianjin have established a normal management mechanism for volunteer service, clarifying the specific work responsibilities of “who manages,” determining the detailed process norms of “management by system,” and providing “multi-channel” guarantees of funds and resources, thereby ensuring the standardization and normalization of New Era civilization practice volunteer service. Many New Era civilization practice centers across the country have established an emergency response mechanism for volunteer service, strengthening the capacity reserve of emergency volunteer service personnel and improving the supply level of emergency facilities and equipment, thereby ensuring that New Era civilization practice volunteer service has a strong practical ability to respond to emergencies.

科学、高效的文明实践志愿服务运行机制是志愿服务常态化开展的重要保障。天津市西青区等多地的新时代文明实践中心都建立了志愿服务常态管理机制，明确“谁来管”的具体工作职责，确定“制度管”的详细流程规范，提供“多渠道”的资金资源保障，以此保证新时代文明实践志愿服务的规范化与常态化。多地的新时代文明实践中心都建立了志愿服务应急响应机制，强化应急志愿服务者能力储备，提升应急设施设备供给水平，以此保证新时代文明实践志愿服务具有强大的应对突发事件的实践力。

2. Social Credit: The Support System for the Construction of New Era Civilization Practice Centers

2．社会信用：新时代文明实践中心建设的支撑体系

In the New Era, social credit, as an important lever for promoting social governance and practicing the core socialist values, has been integrated into all aspects of social life. New Era civilization practice centers in places such as Rongcheng City in Shandong Province and Longchang City in Sichuan Province, relying on the construction of the social credit system, have implemented a “marriage” between civilization practice and social credit, establishing a credit mechanism for New Era civilization practice. Using social credit construction as an endogenous driving force to activate New Era civilization practice volunteer service, they effectively ensure the stable and long-term development of New Era civilization practice.

在新时代，社会信用作为推进社会治理、践行社会主义核心价值观的重要抓手，已经融入社会生活的方方面面。山东省荣成市、四川省隆昌市等地的新时代文明实践中心，依托社会信用体系建设，实行了文明实践与社会信用的“联姻”，建立了新时代文明实践信用机制，以社会信用建设作为激活新时代文明实践志愿服务的内生动力，切实保障新时代文明实践行稳致远。

Combining the work content of New Era civilization practice with the comprehensive reality of urban and rural development, Rongcheng City in Shandong Province has formulated credit management measures for urban residents and rural residents. Targeting the differentiated needs of different groups, it implements targeted and diversified incentive policies, forming civilization practice incentive measures covering both villages and towns and individuals and collectives, making civilization practice an important part of credit evaluation. Party members and cadres, as well as urban and rural masses, who participate in New Era civilization practice volunteer services such as theoretical propaganda, cleaning up homes, neighborhood mutual assistance, and poverty alleviation and relief, can obtain civilization practice credit points. When credit points reach a corresponding level, they can also enjoy certain preferential treatment in areas such as employment and entrepreneurship, evaluation and selection of advanced models, and loan development, thereby maximizing the mobilization of the enthusiasm and initiative of the broad masses to participate in New Era civilization practice volunteer service, and continuously promoting the normalization of civilization practice volunteer service. Longchang City in Sichuan Province implements a “one covenant, one card, one market, one list” civilization practice points management mechanism. Among them, “one covenant” refers to the village rules and civil agreements that specify in detail the points rules for New Era civilization practice; “one card” refers to the New Era civilization practice points card; “one market” refers to the love supermarket set up by the New Era civilization practice station; and “one list” refers to the list of good deeds and righteous acts. Through this “one covenant, one card, one market, one list,” rules are set, ledgers are established, prizes are exchanged, and models are promoted, using “small points” to leverage “great civilization.” Many pilot units of New Era civilization practice centers across the country have established “civilization practice credit banks” and “credit supermarkets,” etc. By exchanging for physical goods, enjoying honors, and receiving commendations, they convert civilization practice credit points into material rewards and spiritual praise that the masses can see and touch, giving the people a strong sense of gain from participating in civilization practice, thereby promoting the masses’ enthusiasm for civilization practice to sublimate from external requirements to endogenous consciousness.

结合新时代文明实践工作内容以及城乡发展综合实际，山东省荣成市制定了城镇居民和农村居民信用管理办法，针对不同群体的差异化需求，实行对象化、多样化的激励政策，形成覆盖乡村与城镇、个人与集体的文明实践激励措施，使文明实践成为信用评价的重要内容。党员干部、城乡群众参与理论宣讲、清洁家园、邻里互助、扶贫救济等新时代文明实践志愿服务，就可以获得文明实践信用积分，信用积分达到相应等级还可以在就业创业、评先评优、贷款发展等方面给予一定的优惠待遇，从而最大程度地调动广大人民群众参与新时代文明实践志愿服务的积极性和主动性，持续推动文明实践志愿服务常态化开展。四川省隆昌市实行“一约、一卡、一市、一榜”文明实践积分管理机制，其中“一约”指详细规定了新时代文明实践积分细则的村规民约，“一卡”指新时代文明实践积分卡，“一市”指新时代文明实践站设立的爱心超市，“一榜”指善行义举榜。通过这“一约、一卡、一市、一榜”定规则、建台账、兑奖品、树典型，用“小积分”撬动“大文明”。全国多地的新时代文明实践中心试点单位都设立了“文明实践信用银行”“信用超市”等，通过兑实物、享荣誉、受嘉许，把文明实践信用积分转化为群众看得见、摸得着的物质奖励与精神赞扬，让人民群众参与文明实践的获得感十足，从而推动群众的文明实践热情从外在化要求升华为内生式自觉。

3. County-Level Converged Media Centers: Technical Support for New Era Civilization Practice Centers

3.县级融媒体中心：新时代文明实践中心的技术支持

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized at the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work: “We must solidly advance the construction of county-level融媒体 centers [converged media centers], so as to better guide and serve the masses.” The New Era Civilization Practice Center focuses on “rallying the masses, guiding the masses, cultivating culture, and transforming customs.” The two share the same goals and concepts, yet each has its own emphasis and strengths. With the application and popularization of emerging information technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence, the propaganda and public opinion environment, the landscape of news media, the patterns of information dissemination, and the paradigms of audience reception are undergoing profound changes. The construction of the New Era Civilization Practice Center can only achieve complementary advantages, consolidate and strengthen the mainstream ideological and public opinion front, and solidify the foundation of the Party’s ideological work by keeping pace with informatization, emphasizing mutual integration and interconnection with the county-level融媒体 center, unblocking the “nerve endings” through which the county-level融媒体 center disseminates civilized practices, and realizing the internal integration of the “two centers.”

习近平总书记在全国宣传思想工作会议上强调：“要扎实抓好县级融媒体中心建设，更好引导群众、服务群众。”新时代文明实践中心着眼于“凝聚群众、引导群众，以文化人、成风化俗”，两者既目标一致、理念相同，又各有侧重、各有所长。伴随着大数据、云计算、人工智能等新兴信息技术的应用与普及，宣传舆论环境、新闻媒体格局、信息传播样态以及受众接受范式也正在发生着深刻的改变，新时代文明实践中心建设只有跟上信息化的步伐，注重与县级融媒体中心互融互通，打通县级融媒体中心传播文明实践的“神经末梢”，实现“两个中心”的内在融合，才能优势互补，巩固壮大主流思想舆论阵地，夯实党的意识形态工作根基。

On the one hand, the New Era Civilization Practice Center, supported by technologies such as the融媒体 database, the融媒体 matrix, and the融媒体 center cloud platform, fully leverages the digital and intelligent advantages of the融媒体 center. This not only enhances the precision of civilized practices but also increases mass participation. New Era Civilization Practice Centers in places such as Ji’an County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, have utilized the data analysis service platform of the融媒体 center to build databases such as the “civilized practice venue resource database,” “mass demand database,” “volunteer project database,” and “civilized practice database.” Through the collection, production, distribution, reception, and feedback of information by the county-level融媒体, they conduct data analysis and effect evaluation on the utilization rate of venues, the degree of mass demand, activity participation, and project approval ratings for the New Era Civilization Practice Center, providing data support and decision-making references for civilized practice work and meeting the diverse, multi-dimensional, and differentiated needs of the masses. Civilization practice centers in places such as Lixia District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, relying on the融媒体 center cloud platform, have created a “mobile handheld” comprehensive digital platform for New Era Civilization Practice that integrates functions such as venue inquiry, project release, online ordering, activity announcement, process tracking, service evaluation, and publicity reporting. This not only establishes an online channel for mass participation in civilized practices but also achieves intelligent management of mass civilized practice activities.

一方面，新时代文明实践中心以融媒体数据库、融媒体矩阵、融媒体中心云平台为技术支持，充分发挥融媒体中心的数字化、智能化优势，不仅提升了文明实践精准度，而且增强了群众参与度。浙江省湖州市吉安县等新时代文明实践中心借助融媒体中心的数据分析服务平台，打造了文明实践“阵地资源库”“群众需求库”“志愿项目库”“文明实践库”等数据库，通过县级融媒体信息采集、生产、分发、接收和反馈，对新时代文明实践中心阵地使用率、群众需求度、活动参与度、项目好评度进行数据分析与效果研判，为新时代文明实践工作提供数据支撑和决策参考，满足群众多样化、立体化、差异化的需求。山东省济南市历下区等文明实践中心依托融媒体中心云平台，打造将阵地查询、项目发布、线上点单、活动公示、过程跟踪、服务评价、宣传报道系列功能融为一体的“掌上移动”新时代文明实践综合数字平台，既搭建起群众参与文明实践的线上渠道，又实现了对群众文明实践活动的智能化管理。

On the other hand, the New Era Civilization Practice Center provides direction guidance and practical material for the融媒体 center through theoretical content full of positive energy, rich and colorful practical activities, and distinctive typical cases. As an important carrier for grassroots online communication, the quality of the content disseminated by the融媒体 center profoundly affects the influence of dissemination and the appeal of propaganda. By organically combining the practical material of New Era Civilization Practice activities with the editing and generation technologies and content distribution technologies of the融媒体 center, innovative “blockbusters” that are elevated, warm, and profound are created. This enhances the masses’ ideological identification and emotional fondness, and improves the dissemination power, guiding power, influence, and credibility of the融媒体.

另一方面，新时代文明实践中心以充满正能量的理论内容、丰富多彩的实践活动、特色鲜明的典型案例，为融媒体中心提供方向引领和现实素材。融媒体中心作为基层网络传播的重要载体，传播内容质量的高低深刻影响着传播的影响力和宣传的号召力。将新时代文明实践活动的现实素材与融媒体中心编辑生成技术、内容分发技术等有机结合，创新出有高度、有温度、有深度的“爆款”，增强了群众思想上的认同与情感上的喜爱，提升了融媒体的传播力、引导力、影响力和公信力。

III. Practical Effectiveness of the Construction of the New Era Civilization Practice Center

三、新时代文明实践中心建设的实践成效

The New Era Civilization Practice Center is a new carrier for civilized practices. Since the pilot work began, pilot counties and cities have adhered to a principle of practicing while exploring, evaluating while summarizing. Through rich, diverse, flexible, and vivid working methods, they have achieved fruitful results in civilized practices in areas such as the enhancement of social civility, rural revitalization, and grassroots social governance, accumulating valuable experience for expanding the construction of the New Era Civilization Practice Center during the period of the 14th Five-Year Plan [4]4 The 14th Five-Year Plan refers to China’s national economic and social development plan for 2021–2025..

新时代文明实践中心是文明实践的新载体，试点工作开展以来，各试点县市坚持边实践边探索、边评估边总结，以丰富多样、灵活生动的工作方法，在社会文明提升、乡村振兴、基层社会治理等方面收获了文明实践的丰硕成果，为“十四五”时期拓展新时代文明实践中心建设积累了宝贵经验。

1. Enhancing “Socialist Cultural-Ethical Progress”

1．提升“社会主义精神文明”

Persisting in arming the entire Party and educating the people with Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the most important and prominent task of the New Era Civilization Practice Center, and it is also the core of socialist cultural-ethical progress in the New Era. The New Era Civilization Practice Center is oriented toward the grassroots and the masses. It enhances the dissemination power of thought through vivid and lively cultural activities, and strengthens the practical power of theory by guiding the masses to study and practice theory. It integrates the Party’s innovative theories, especially Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, into the production and daily life of the masses, connecting with their interests and concerns. It unblocks the “last kilometer” of ideological and theoretical dissemination, both geographically and psychologically, promoting the deep penetration and firm rooting of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in the hearts and minds of the people.

坚持用习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想武装全党、教育人民，是新时代文明实践中心最重要、最突出的任务,也是新时代社会主义精神文明建设的核心。新时代文明实践中心面向基层、面向群众，通过有声有色的文化活动提升思想的传播力，通过引导群众学习理论、践行理论增强理论的实践力，让党的创新理论尤其是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想融入群众的生产生活，连接百姓利益关切，打通了思想理论传播地理上、心理上的“最后一公里”，推动习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想深入人心、落地生根。

The New Era Civilization Practice Center emphasizes cultivating people through culture and educating the people through culture. By promoting traditional Chinese virtues such as filial piety and respect for the elderly, valuing loyalty and keeping faith, being industrious and thrifty in managing the household, and maintaining neighborhood solidarity, and by making dialectical choices and innovative developments in line with the requirements of the times, it transmits the value implications and spiritual interests of excellent traditional culture. By excavating folk cultural elements in rural communities and combining them with regional characteristics for new interpretations and innovations, it highlights the ideological wisdom and contemporary value of excellent traditional culture. This enables the broad masses to absorb moral nourishment and gain spiritual infection through colorful and charming cultural activities, promoting the inheritance and development of China’s excellent traditional culture.

新时代文明实践中心突出以文化人、以文育民，通过发扬中华民族孝亲敬老、重义守信、勤俭持家、邻里团结等传统美德，并结合时代要求辩证取舍、创新发展，传递优秀传统文化的价值意蕴和精神意趣；通过挖掘乡村社区传统文化中的民俗元素，并结合地域特色全新演绎、推陈出新，彰显优秀传统文化的思想智慧和时代价值，使广大群众在多姿多彩、富有魅力的文化活动中汲取道德滋养、获得精神感染，推动了中华优秀传统文化的传承与发展。

The New Era Civilization Practice Center focuses on establishing virtue and forging the soul, transforming customs and cultivating habits. It promotes volunteer services for weddings and funerals to break down outdated marriage customs and establish new, upright practices. It extensively carries out civilized practice science popularization activities to spread scientific knowledge and disseminate scientific energy. It actively advocates for a civilized and healthy lifestyle to enhance the masses’ awareness of conservation, environmental protection, and ecology. It guides the masses to become advocates of new customs and practitioners of civilized behavior, achieving a coupled resonance and mutual reinforcement between external shaping and internal soul-forging. Among these, the New Era Civilization Practice Center in Jiaozhou City, Shandong Province, based on enriching and invigorating the cultural life of the masses, carefully designed and implemented the “Culture Door-to-Door” volunteer service project. It actively discovered and trained village-level cultural volunteer service personnel, creating over 620 high-quality projects and conducting a total of more than 4,000 “Culture Door-to-Door” activities, averaging 5 activities per village. In response to the bad habits of extravagant ceremonies and conspicuous consumption, Siyang County, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, fully implemented the “Su 9 Articles” for new customs in human relations. This successfully facilitated 936 new-style weddings and 1,398 simplified funerals. In the area of weddings and funerals alone, it saved a cumulative total of 28.11 million yuan in human relations expenditures. Human relations events decreased by 39.7% year-on-year, and per-household human relations consumption decreased by 44.63%. This promoted the taking root, blossoming, and bearing fruit of new civilized customs in urban and rural grassroots areas, raising the level of social civility.

新时代文明实践中心注重立德铸魂、成风化俗，推进婚丧嫁娶志愿服务以破除婚嫁陋习、树立新风正气，广泛开展文明实践科普活动以普及科学知识、传播科学能量，积极倡导文明健康的生活方式以增强群众的节约意识、环保意识和生态意识，引导群众成为文明新风的倡导者和文明行为的践行者，实现外塑形与内铸魂的耦合共振、相得益彰。其中，山东省胶州市新时代文明实践中心立足丰富活跃群众文化生活，精心设计和实施了“文化串门”志愿服务项目，积极发掘并培训村庄文艺志愿服务者，打造了620多个精品项目，共计开展了“文化串门”活动4000余场，平均每个村开展活动5场。针对大操大办、攀比炫耀的陋习，江苏省宿迁市泗阳县全面施行人情新风“宿9条”，成功促成婚事新办936件，丧事简办1398件，仅婚丧嫁娶一项就累计节约人情支出2811万元，人情事项同比减少了39.7%，户均人情消费降低了44.63%，推动了文明新风在城乡基层生根发芽、开花结果，提升了社会文明程度。

2. Promoting Rural Revitalization

2．促进乡村振兴

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Rural revitalization is a major task in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.” Focusing on the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee on rural revitalization, New Era Civilization Practice Centers target the specific issues of the safety and well-being of the rural masses, centering on important ideas such as “comprehensively promoting rural revitalization” and “accelerating agricultural and rural modernization.” They use plain local dialects to explain the national policies for strengthening, benefiting, and enriching agriculture, inspiring the inner enthusiasm of the people for self-reliance, and guiding the vast number of villagers to take root in the construction of a New Era agriculture and countryside. Concentrating efforts on poverty alleviation, the New Era Civilization Practice Center of Xuanzhou District, Anhui Province, combined the strengthening of volunteer service activities with poverty alleviation work. By offering employment training such as for infant nurses and pastry chefs, it cultivated the “self-hematopoiesis” ability of the masses, enhanced their capacity for self-development, and helped women at home gain employment and increase income. By sending key agricultural technology volunteer personnel and science and technology poverty alleviation instructors deep into the fields to solve planting problems and provide breeding guidance, it achieved precise drip-irrigation through scientific and technological assistance, boosting the high-quality and efficient development of characteristic agricultural industries. In Jiamang Majia Village, Xiagang Town, Rongcheng City, Shandong Province, a “five-sphere integrated” [1]1 The “five-sphere integrated plan” (五位一体) refers to China’s overall plan for building socialism with Chinese characteristics, encompassing economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological civilization construction. civilization practice position of “one district, one landscape, one market, one garden, one base” was successfully created, developing 850 mu of modern apple orchards and building 100 mu of four-season picking greenhouses, effectively driving villagers to increase their income. The village collective economic income rose from less than 20,000 yuan in 2018 to 200,000 yuan in 2020, an increase of more than ten times in two years, truly realizing a transformation from a dilapidated “barren ravine” to a happy “livable village.” During the COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control period, New Era Civilization Practice Centers across the country adhered to the principle of “advancing simultaneously” in pandemic prevention and economic income growth. To solve the problems of vegetable farmers’ difficulty in selling vegetables and the masses’ difficulty in buying vegetables during the pandemic, the New Era Civilization Practice Center of Wulian County, Shandong Province, quickly launched the “Dandelion Vegetable Basket” volunteer service project, building a bridge between online live-streaming sales and the supply and demand of high-quality agricultural products. It successfully helped farmers sell 40,200 jin of fruits and vegetables, increasing income by more than 150,000 yuan, thus both securing the people’s “vegetable basket” and protecting the growers’ “money bag,” achieving a “double harvest” of deepening civilization practice and assisting agricultural recovery and resumption of sales. New Era Civilization Practice Centers, closely following the actual work of the broad masses in pursuing a better life, have played an important role in expanding avenues for prosperity, decisively fighting poverty alleviation, and securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. They are gradually becoming a “booster” for consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively linking them with rural revitalization.

习近平总书记指出：“乡村振兴是实现中华民族伟大复兴的一项重大任务。”聚焦党中央关于乡村振兴的重大决策部署，新时代文明实践中心靶向对接农村群众安危冷暖的具体问题，围绕“全面推进乡村振兴”“加快农业农村现代化”等重要思想，用朴实的家乡话讲解国家强农惠农富农政策，激励人民群众自力更生的内在热情，引导广大村民扎根新时代农业农村建设。聚力脱贫攻坚，安徽省宣州区新时代文明实践中心将强化志愿服务活动与脱贫攻坚工作相结合，通过开设育婴师、面点师等就业培训以培养广大群众“自我造血”能力，增强自我发展的本领，助力居家妇女就业增收；通过选派农技志愿服务骨干和科技扶贫指导员深入田间地头解决种植难题、提供养殖指导，以科技帮扶实现精准滴灌，助推特色农业产业高质高效发展。山东省荣成市夏庄镇甲夼马家村成功打造“一区一景一场一园一基地”五位一体文明实践阵地，发展现代苹果产业850亩，建设四季采摘大棚100亩，切实带动村民增加收入，村集体经济收入由2018年的不足2万元提高到2020年的20万元，两年时间增长了10倍多，真正实现了从破旧“荒沟夼”到幸福“宜居村”的蜕变。在新冠肺炎疫情防控期间，各地新时代文明实践中心坚持疫情防控和经济增收“齐头并进”。为解决疫情防控期间菜农卖菜难和群众买菜难的问题，山东五莲县新时代文明实践中心迅速启动“蒲公英菜篮子”志愿服务项目，搭建网络直播带货和优质农产品供需对接桥梁，成功助农销售果菜40200斤、增收15万余元，既保障了群众的“菜篮子”，又守住了种植户的“钱袋子”，实现了深化文明实践与助农复产复销“双丰收”。新时代文明实践中心紧扣广大人民群众追求美好生活的工作实际，在拓展致富门路、决战脱贫攻坚、决胜全面小康等方面发挥了重要作用，并逐渐成为当前巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的“助推器”。

3. Enhancing the capacity and level of grassroots social governance

3．提高基层社会治理的能力与水平

Since the launch of New Era Civilization Practice work, various pilot areas have successively introduced systems for leading cadres to link up with civilization practice sub-centers (stations), and have incorporated New Era Civilization Practice work into the performance assessment of Party and government leading bodies and leading cadres, as well as into the assessment of the implementation of the ideological work responsibility system. Leading cadres go deep into the grassroots to transmit ideas and handle practical matters. The cohesion, organizational strength, and combat effectiveness of grassroots Party organizations have significantly increased. The enthusiasm of grassroots Party members and cadres to take responsibility and take initiative, and their initiative to serve the masses, have continuously improved. The phrase “if you have difficulties, find the Party branch; if you have needs, find the Party member” has gradually become the norm, greatly improving the relationship between the Party, the government, and the masses.

新时代文明实践工作开展以来，各试点地区相继出台了领导班子挂钩文明实践分中心（所）、站制度，并将新时代文明实践工作纳入党政领导班子和领导干部实绩考核、纳入意识形态工作责任制落实情况考核，领导干部深入基层传思想、办实事，基层党组织的凝聚力、组织力、战斗力显著增强，基层党员干部担当作为的积极性、服务群众的主动性不断提升，“有困难找支部，有需要找党员”逐渐成为常态，极大改善了党群干群关系。

The grassroots level is the foundation and focus of social governance. On the one hand, New Era Civilization Practice Centers focus on grassroots social governance challenges such as village (residential) public affairs management and neighborhood conflict resolution. By establishing mass organizations such as village (residential) people’s councils, moral appraisal councils, and red and white council [2]2 “Red and white councils” (红白理事会) are grassroots organizations in Chinese villages that manage weddings (red events) and funerals (white events), often aiming to curb extravagant spending and promote frugality., they broaden the channels for mass participation in grassroots social governance, explore new paths for rule-of-virtue in social governance, and promote the resolution of conflicts and disputes at the grassroots level. On the other hand, by organizing volunteer service teams for civilization practice among the elderly, women, youth, and other groups in villages (communities), they stimulate the potential of the masses to participate in social governance, maximize the cohesion of social governance forces, and promote the creation of harmony and stability at the grassroots level. As a result, the self-governance awareness and capacity of the grassroots masses have significantly strengthened, and the effectiveness of rural governance has continuously improved, forming a “social governance community where everyone has responsibility and everyone fulfills their duty.” Among these, the New Era Civilization Practice Station of Youfang Village, Qinghe County, Hebei Province, established the “Gold Medal Locker” volunteer service project, hiring former village cadres, veteran Party members, and members of the moral appraisal council as gold medal mediators. They successfully mediated and resolved over 500 conflicts and disputes, and solved more than 8,000 various problems for the masses, effectively enhancing village-level self-governance capacity. Rongcheng City, Shandong Province, adopted a new “volunteer credit” mechanism, converting all village-level affairs into New Era Civilization Practice content, which was linked in real-time and immediately converted with individual credit scores. This achieved a favorable reversal in rural governance from “being pushed to act” to “acting voluntarily,” and from “doing it alone” to “everyone doing it together.” Since 2018, the level of good governance in rural Rongcheng City has gradually improved, with social conflicts and disputes decreasing by 22.8% and criminal cases falling by 23%, adding a warm and bright stroke to the construction of a social governance community. Jiamang Majia Village in Rongcheng City integrated New Era Civilization Practice construction with rule-based governance and value-based governance, forming a development model of “one core, multiple elements, dual-wheel drive,” which enhanced grassroots social governance capacity and achieved a transformation from a notorious “petition village” to a harmonious “star village,” becoming a typical village for credit construction in Rongcheng City and a civilized village of national unity and fraternity.

基层是社会治理的基础和重心，新时代文明实践中心一方面聚焦村（居）公共事务管理、邻里矛盾化解等基层社会治理难题，通过搭建村（居）民议事会、道德评议会、红白理事会等群众组织以拓宽群众参与基层社会治理的渠道，探索社会治理德治新路径，推进了矛盾纠纷化解在基层；另一方面通过组织老人、妇女、青少年等村（社区）文明实践志愿服务队以激发群众参与社会治理的潜能，最大程度凝聚社会治理合力，促进了和谐稳定创建在基层。由此，基层群众的自治意识和自治能力显著增强，乡村治理效能不断提升，形成了“人人有责、人人尽责的社会治理共同体”。其中，河北省清河县油坊村新时代文明实践站设立“金牌大柜”志愿服务项目，聘请离任村干部、老党员、道德评议会成员等担任金牌调解员，成功调和化解矛盾纠纷500多起，解决群众各类问题8000多件，有效提升了村级自治能力。山东省荣成市采取“志愿信用”新机制，将村级事务全部转换为新时代文明实践内容，并与个人信用积分实时挂钩、即时折算，实现了乡村治理从“推着干”到“主动干”、从“自己干”变“大家干”的良好逆转。自2018年起，山东省荣成市乡村善治的水平逐渐提升，社会矛盾纠纷减少了22.8%，刑事案件下降23%，为建设社会治理共同体添上了温暖又明亮的一笔。山东省荣成市甲夼马家村将新时代文明实践建设与规则治理、价值治理相融合，形成“一核多元、双轮驱动”的发展模式，提升了基层社会治理能力，实现了从出名的“上访村”到和谐“明星村”的蜕变，成为荣成市信用建设的典型村、全民团结友爱的文明村。

IV. Problems and Countermeasures in the Construction of New Era Civilization Practice Centers

四、新时代文明实践中心建设中的问题与对策

The construction of New Era Civilization Practice Centers is an important exploration for advancing the building of a socialist cultural power and a significant lever for raising the level of social civility. Standing at the new starting point of the 14th Five-Year Plan period, expanding the construction of New Era Civilization Practice Centers requires both continuously summing up experience and being adept at discovering problems and bravely solving difficulties, in order to better write a new chapter of civilization in the practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

新时代文明实践中心建设是推进社会主义文化强国的重要探索，是提高社会文明程度的显著抓手。站在“十四五”时期的新起点上，拓展新时代文明实践中心建设既要不断总结经验，又要善于发现问题、勇于破解难题，才能更好地谱写中国特色社会主义实践的文明新篇章。

1. Current difficulties and problems in the construction of New Era Civilization Practice Centers

1．当前新时代文明实践中心建设存在的困难与问题

Although the pilot work of constructing New Era Civilization Practice Centers has achieved remarkable results, there are also some difficulties and problems in the nationwide civilization practice work, especially in many non-pilot areas. These problems seriously affect the large-scale expansion of civilization practice center construction across the country.

虽然新时代文明实践中心建设的试点工作取得了令人瞩目的成就，但全国的文明实践工作特别是诸多非试点地区的文明实践工作也存在着一些困难与问题，这些问题严重影响了文明实践中心建设在全国范围内的大规模拓展。

First, many regions have insufficient understanding and attention to the significance of constructing New Era Civilization Practice Centers, and civilization practice becomes a mere formality. Currently, individual pilot areas and most non-pilot areas have an inadequate understanding of New Era Civilization Practice work, lacking a high degree of political identification and ideological consciousness. Some pilot areas believe that New Era Civilization Practice is merely about doing some propaganda and organizing some activities, satisfying themselves with regularly conducting lectures and organizing cultural performances on schedule. Civilization practice gradually becomes formalized and event-oriented. This not only deviates from the actual needs of the masses but also falls far short of the specific work requirements of realizing theoretical propaganda, policy implementation, and cultural inheritance, running counter to the original intention and mission of constructing New Era Civilization Practice Centers. Furthermore, some areas, in promoting the pilot work, implement meetings by holding meetings and implement documents by issuing documents, merely stopping at the top-down transmission of the need to establish New Era Civilization Practice Centers (sub-centers, stations) and form New Era Civilization Practice volunteer service general brigades (detachments, teams). This leads to many villages, towns, and urban communities either going through the motions or perfunctorily handling the work in actual practice. The top-down formalism renders the effectiveness of civilization practice minimal.

第一，很多地区对新时代文明实践中心建设的意义认识不足、重视不够，文明实践流于形式。当前个别试点地区以及大多非试点地区对新时代文明实践工作理解不到位，缺乏高度的政治认同和思想自觉。有些试点地区认为，新时代文明实践就是做做宣传、办办活动，只是满足于定期开展宣讲、按期组织文艺演出，文明实践逐渐走向形式化、活动化，这既脱离了群众实际需求，也与实现理论宣讲、政策落实、文化传承等具体工作要求相去甚远，有悖于新时代文明实践中心建设的初衷和使命。更有一些地区在推进试点工作过程中以会议贯彻会议、以文件落实文件，仅仅停留在上传下达要建立新时代文明实践中心（分中心、站）、组建新时代文明实践志愿服务总队（分队、队），这就导致不少村镇及城市社区在实际行动中或走走过场，或敷衍了事，由上到下的形式化使得文明实践的成效甚微。

Second, an imbalance between “points” and “areas” has emerged in the construction of New Era civilization practice centers. Currently, the construction of New Era civilization practice centers has achieved relatively good results in most pilot units, but the operational situation in certain non-pilot areas is not very optimistic. Most villages, towns, and urban communities exhibit a phenomenon of “putting up a signboard”—that is, they merely hang the sign of a New Era civilization practice center (sub-center, station), and some have built a “New Era Civilization Practice Square,” yet they have not established specific work systems or carried out corresponding civilization practice activities. Especially in some remote rural areas, the masses only know that there is a New Era Civilization Practice Office, but do not know what civilization practice is, what civilization practice volunteer services are, or what civilization practice is used for. At the same time, because the work tasks of grassroots Party members and cadres are relatively heavy and their work pressure is relatively high, even in villages and towns that can concretely implement New Era civilization practice work, there is a phenomenon of mechanically copying the practical experience of pilot areas, failing to carry out effective practical activities based on the actual needs of the rural masses. Therefore, looking ahead to the path of expanding the construction of New Era civilization practice centers, how to solve the problem of regional development differences is also a key issue to be addressed.

第二，新时代文明实践中心建设出现“点”“面”不平衡。当前新时代文明实践中心建设在大多数试点单位都取得了较好的成效，但是在某些非试点地区的运行状况并不是十分乐观。大部分的村镇与城市社区都存在着“挂牌”现象，就是只挂着新时代文明实践中心（分中心、站）的牌子，有的建起了“新时代文明实践广场”，却没有建立具体工作制度，也没有开展相应的文明实践活动。尤其是在一些农村偏远地区，群众只知道有个新时代文明实践办公室，不知道何为文明实践、何为文明实践志愿服务、文明实践何用。同时，由于基层党员干部的工作任务较为繁重，工作压力较大，即使是能具体落实新时代文明实践工作的村镇，也存在着照抄照搬试点地区实践经验的现象，未能根据农村群众的实际需要开展有效的实践活动。所以，展望拓展新时代文明实践中心建设之路，如何解决区域发展差异难题也是面临的重点问题。

Third, the promotion of “civilization practice” in urban communities is relatively weak. Compared with the civilization practice stations and centers in pilot villages and towns, the civilization practice work in urban communities is much weaker. On the one hand, due to the high population mobility in urban communities, the number of mobile residents in some communities even exceeds the number of registered residents. These mobile residents have a weak sense of belonging to the community and their enthusiasm for participating in community activities is clearly not high. Moreover, most residents of urban communities are busy with work and have no time to attend to community activities. Especially in some old urban communities, the elderly account for a relatively large proportion, many of whom are elderly, solitary, or have limited mobility. Although the elderly have a high enthusiasm for social participation, their limited capabilities and mobility mean that the development of civilization practice activities in urban communities lacks strong human resource support. Therefore, many communities have been unable to form stable civilization practice volunteer service teams. On the other hand, urban communities are basically service-oriented communities, lacking industrial economic entities within the community. Compared with rural areas, they lack broader financial support for advancing civilization practice work. Although New Era civilization practice centers all have special financial allocations for civilization practice, these funds are mainly used for the hardware construction of civilization practice centers, and the funds evenly distributed to each community civilization practice station are very meager. The insufficiency of funds greatly restricts the effective advancement of New Era civilization practice work in urban communities.

第三，城市社区“文明实践”推广相对薄弱。相较于试点村镇的文明实践站所，城市社区的文明实践工作薄弱得多。一方面，城市社区由于人口流动性强，部分社区内流动人口数量甚至多于户籍人口，社区流动人口对社区的归属感较差，参与社区活动的积极性明显不高，并且城市社区居民大多工作忙碌，无暇顾及社区活动，尤其是在城市的一些老旧社区，老年人占比较大，很多还是高龄孤寡、行动不便的老人。虽然老年人社会参与热情较高，但他们由于能力有限和行动所限，使城市社区文明实践活动的开展缺乏强有力的人力资源支持，因此不少社区一直未能形成稳定的文明实践志愿服务队。另一方面，城市社区基本上是服务型社区，社区内缺乏产业经济体，与农村地区相比，缺乏推进文明实践工作的更广泛的资金支持。虽然新时代文明实践中心都有财政支持的文明实践专项经费，但这些经费主要用于文明实践中心的硬件建设，并且平均分配到各个社区文明实践站的经费非常微薄，资金的不足大大制约了城市社区新时代文明实践工作的有效推进。

2. Optimization Pathways for the Construction of New Era Civilization Practice Centers

2．新时代文明实践中心建设的优化路径

The construction of New Era civilization practice centers holds great potential. In the process of expanding the construction of New Era civilization practice centers, only by focusing on problems to solve difficulties, actively innovating to create distinctive features, and stimulating the vitality of civilization practice through more optimized pathways can we inject vigorous vitality and dynamism into the comprehensive construction of a modern socialist civilized power.

新时代文明实践中心建设大有可为，在拓展新时代文明实践中心建设的进程中，只有聚焦问题解难题，积极创新出特色，以更优化的路径激发文明实践的生命力，才能为全面建设社会主义现代化文明强国注入蓬勃的生机与活力。

First, it is necessary to raise ideological awareness, strengthen precise implementation, and effectively guarantee the comprehensive development of civilization practice work. The construction of New Era civilization practice centers is an innovative measure taken by our Party based on the actual development of Chinese society in the New Era, using innovative thinking. It is what the development of the times requires, what the mission and tasks entail, and what the masses’ needs call for. In response to the tendency of “insufficient political stance” in some areas, Party committees and relevant government departments should raise their political stance and strengthen professional training. On the one hand, it is necessary to raise and strengthen the political understanding and strategic recognition of leading cadres at all levels and the vast number of volunteers regarding the construction of New Era civilization practice centers. They should not engage in superficial understanding or half-baked knowledge, but earnestly enhance the sense of historical responsibility and the sense of mission of the times for the construction of New Era civilization practice centers. On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen the training work for New Era civilization practice volunteer services, improve the skills and techniques of leading cadres and core volunteers in advancing civilization practice volunteer services, and effectively bring civilization practice volunteer services to the hearts of the grassroots masses. New Era civilization practice work should avoid taking things for granted. The work experience of other pilot areas should not be directly transplanted to one’s own region. It is necessary to ascertain the actual development of villages, towns, and communities, thoroughly understand the real needs of the masses, and make good, full, and flexible use of civilization practice resources such as theoretical propaganda, literary and artistic performances, agricultural machinery training, and medical services sent to the countryside, achieving an effective connection between下沉 resources and local realities, and concretely pushing civilization practice to extend to the side of the masses. In response to the phenomenon of “weak implementation” in some areas, it is necessary to strengthen supervision and assessment, and resolutely ensure implementation. The Party organization secretaries of each town and street should fulfill their responsibilities as the first responsible person, frequently go to the countryside to conduct research and guidance, forming a work pattern where one level grasps one level and each level implements tasks layer by layer. At the same time, as the construction of New Era civilization practice centers is an important part of the evaluation of national civilized cities, the propaganda departments and civilization offices of each province, autonomous region, and municipality directly under the central government should do a good job of supervising and assessing civilization creation and civilization practice work, go deep into the site to carry out assessment and inspection, and grasp the rectification of problems. Only in this way can the New Era civilization practice centers be comprehensively constructed.

首先，要提高思想认识，强化精准落实，有效保障文明实践工作的全面开展。建设新时代文明实践中心，是我们党立足于新时代中国社会发展的实际，以创新思维作出的创新举措，是时代发展之所需、使命任务之所系、群众需求之所盼。针对部分地区“站位不高”的倾向，党委和政府相关部门要提高政治站位，强化业务培训。一方面，要提高和强化各级领导干部、广大志愿者对新时代文明实践中心建设的政治认识和战略认同，不能囫囵吞枣、一知半解，切实提升新时代文明实践中心建设的历史责任感和时代使命感。另一方面，要加强新时代文明实践志愿服务培训工作，提升领导干部、骨干志愿者推进文明实践志愿服务的技能技巧，切实把文明实践志愿服务做到基层群众的心坎上。新时代文明实践工作应避免想当然，不能将其他试点地区的工作经验直接移植到本地区，要摸清村镇与社区发展实际，摸透群众真实需要，把理论宣讲、文艺演出、农机培训、医疗下乡等文明实践资源用好用活用足，实现下沉资源与本地实际有效对接，实实在在地推动文明实践向群众身边延伸。针对某些地区“执行不力”的现象，要强化督导考核，坚决抓好落实。各镇、街道党组织书记履行好第一责任人职责，经常下乡调研指导，形成一级抓一级、层层抓落实的工作格局。同时，新时代文明实践中心建设作为全国文明城市测评的重要内容，各省市自治区委宣传部、文明办要做好文明创建与文明实践工作的督导考核，深入现场开展考核检查，抓好问题整改，唯有如此，才能全面建设好新时代文明实践中心。

Second, it is necessary to explore new channels of “hand-in-hand mutual assistance” for civilization practice, and promote the high-quality development of New Era civilization practice work. In response to the imbalance in the development of “points” and “areas” in civilization practice and the relatively weak promotion of civilization practice in urban communities, especially the situation in central and western regions, impoverished mountainous areas, and some urban communities facing shortages of funds, talent, and projects, it is necessary to explore a pairing assistance mechanism, carry out “hand-in-hand mutual assistance,” add new forces and fresh vitality to civilization practice, and promote the popularization of civilization practice center construction nationwide. For example, to deepen the construction of urban New Era civilization practice centers, civilization practice activities should not be carried out only on a community basis, nor should volunteer services rely solely on administrative forces. Instead, the forces of the city’s Party and government organs, local schools and other public institutions, and local enterprises should be mobilized, guiding non-public economic organizations and social organizations to “co-build and co-connect” with communities, creating a “civilization practice consortium.” In view of this, to address the relative shortage of human resources in old urban communities, it is necessary to make good use of the significant advantage of abundant urban resources, calling on higher vocational colleges, literary and artistic troupes, and others to jointly form volunteer service teams, achieving “one-to-one” pairing and “point-to-point” twinning with old urban communities. This can not only utilize the theoretical and artistic expertise of volunteers to meet the needs of delivering theory and culture, but also provide stable human resources, ensure the normalization of community civilization practice activities, enhance the vitality of civilization practice volunteer services, and open up the “last kilometer” of civilization practice volunteer services.

其次，要探索“牵手互助”的文明实践新渠道，推进新时代文明实践工作高质量发展。针对文明实践“点”“面”发展不平衡问题以及城市社区文明实践推广相对薄弱问题，特别是针对中西部地区、贫困山区以及部分城市社区面临缺资金、缺人才、缺项目的状况，要探索结对帮扶机制，开展“牵手互助”，为文明实践增添新生力量和新锐活力，推动文明实践中心建设在全国范围内普及。例如，深化城市新时代文明实践中心建设，不能仅以社区为单位开展文明实践活动，也不能仅依靠行政力量来推动志愿服务，而应调动本市党政机关、属地学校等事业单位、属地企业的力量，引导非公有制经济组织和社会组织与社区“共建共联”，打造文明实践“联合体”。鉴于此，针对城市老旧社区人力资源相对匮乏的难题，要善于利用城市资源多的显著优势，号召高职院校、文艺剧团等共同组成志愿服务队，实现与城市老旧社区“一对一”对接、“点对点”结对，既可以利用志愿者理论、技艺等方面的专长满足送理论、送文化的需要，又能提供稳定的人力资源，保证社区文明实践活动的常态化开展，增强文明实践志愿服务的活力，打通文明实践志愿服务的“最后一公里”。

Finally, it is necessary to innovate the funding guarantee mechanism, expanding from special government funding support to a diversified funding guarantee combining government funds with social funds, promoting the “long-term and steady flow” of civilization practice volunteer services. Party committees and governments at all levels can combine civilization practice projects and funds with funding projects and funds for rural revitalization, civilization creation, etc., to ensure the effective operation of this work. At the same time, an open and diversified participation mechanism for funds and resources should be established, both tapping internal potential and encouraging the injection of public welfare funds and social funds, to solve the problem of “where does the money come from” from multiple aspects, and provide good funding and resource guarantees for civilization practice activities, project implementation, professional training, and site facilities. For example, in response to the problem of insufficient funding resources in urban communities, a “civilization practice fund” can be established with the “New Era Civilization Practice Consortium” as the unit, encouraging individuals as well as higher vocational colleges, enterprises, public institutions, and social organizations to participate in the fund-raising activities of the New Era “Civilization Practice Fund.” The funds raised through donations are directed to the “Community Civilization Practice Consortium” in a “point-to-point” donation method, earmarked specifically for community New Era civilization practice. This is conducive not only to ensuring the normalization and long-term effectiveness of community civilization practice activities and promoting the innovation and improvement of community civilization practice work, but also to reflecting the sense of responsibility of enterprises and public institutions, creating a civilized situation of everyone participating, everyone contributing, and co-building and sharing.

最后，要创新经费保障机制，由政府专项经费支持拓展为政府资金与社会资金相结合的多元经费保障，推动文明实践志愿服务“细水长流”。各级党委、政府可以将文明实践的项目、资金与乡村振兴、文明创建等资助项目、资金结合，保证这项工作的有效运转，同时要建立开放、多元的资金、资源参与机制，既要挖掘内部潜力，又有鼓励公益基金、社会资金的注入，多方面解决“钱从哪里来”的问题，为文明实践活动开展、项目实施、业务培训、站点设施等做好资金资源保障。例如，针对城市社区资金资源不充足的问题，可以以“新时代文明实践联合体”为单位成立“文明实践基金”，鼓励个人以及高职院校、企事业单位、社会组织参与新时代“文明实践基金”资金募集活动，募捐筹集的资金以“点对点”捐款方式定向捐赠给“社区文明实践联合体”，专款专用于社区新时代文明实践。这既有利于保障社区文明实践活动的常态长效，推进社区文明实践工作创新提升，也有利于体现企事业单位的责任担当，营造人人参与、人人奉献、共建共享的文明局面。

The construction of New Era civilization practice centers is a new topic of broad scope and large scale; it requires coordinated promotion and joint efforts to solve the problem, and it demands persistent effort and sustained commitment. On the new great journey, New Era civilization practice centers must continue to take deep root among the people, address the people’s urgent concerns and difficulties, use civilized practice to stimulate the charm of Chinese civilization, gather a more proactive civilizational force for achieving the second centenary goal and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and compose a more splendid and brilliant chapter for the progress of human civilization.

新时代文明实践中心建设是一个面广量大的新课题，要统筹推进、合力破题，要久久为功、持之以恒。在新的伟大征程上，新时代文明实践中心要继续深深扎根于人民，解答人民群众愁盼问题，以文明实践激发中华民族文明魅力，为实现第二个百年奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴凝聚更为主动的文明力量，为人类文明的进步谱写更为绚丽的精彩篇章。

References:

参考文献：

[1]1 The “five-sphere integrated plan” (五位一体) refers to China’s overall plan for building socialism with Chinese characteristics, encompassing economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological civilization construction. *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China*, Vol. 3, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2020.

[1]《习近平谈治国理政》第3卷，北京：外文出版社，2020年。

[2]2 “Red and white councils” (红白理事会) are grassroots organizations in Chinese villages that manage weddings (red events) and funerals (white events), often aiming to curb extravagant spending and promote frugality. *Study Outline for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era*, Beijing: Study Press, People’s Publishing House, 2019.

[2]《习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想学习纲要》，北京：学习出版社、人民出版社，2019年。

[3]3 “Standard of the foremost” (首善标准) is a phrase used to denote the highest or exemplary standard, often applied to Beijing as the capital city expected to set the best example. *Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Discourses on a Holistic Approach to National Security*, Beijing: Central Party Literature Press, 2018.

[3]《习近平关于总体国家安全观论述摘编》，北京：中央文献出版社，2018年。

[4]4 The 14th Five-Year Plan refers to China’s national economic and social development plan for 2021–2025. Compiled by the First Bureau of the Central Civilization Office: *Guidance Manual for the Construction of New Era Civilization Practice Centers*, Beijing: Study Press, 2020.

[4]中央文明办一局编：《建设新时代文明实践中心指导手册》，北京：学习出版社，2020年。

[5]5 The “last kilometer” (最后一公里) is a common Chinese political metaphor referring to the final, often most difficult, stage of policy implementation or service delivery that directly reaches the grassroots or the people. Xie Xinzhou et al.: *Theory and Practice of the Construction of County-Level Converged Media Centers*, Beijing: Electronic Industry Press, 2019.

[5]谢新洲等：《县级融媒体中心建设理论与实践》，北京：电子工业出版社，2019年。

(The author is a professor and doctoral supervisor at the School of Marxism, Shandong Normal University)

（作者系山东师范大学马克思主义学院教授、博士生导师）

Online editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心