History of Marxism
502 articles
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Marx’s Historical Critique of Proudhon’s Political Economy
Unlike bourgeois economists, who affirm the capitalist social system, Marx adopts an attitude of negation and critique toward it. In *The Poverty of Philosophy*, Marx takes…
Liu Jianjiang
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The Historical Status of Leninism and Its Contemporary Significance
In the long practice of leading socialist revolution and construction, Lenin continuously opened up new realms in the adaptation of Marxism to the Russian context and the needs of…
中国社会科学院大学历史学院，中国社会科学院世界历史研究所
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An Analysis of the Roots of the Transformation of Karl Kautsky’s View of Marxism
The late 19th and early 20th centuries were a period of peaceful development for capitalism, as well as a transitional period from the stage of free competition to the stage of…
Zhuang WenchengSchool of Marxism, Beijing International Studies University
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Two Paths Beyond Modernity: Marx and Strauss
Modernity and its crisis are the reality that people living in the present era are experiencing and confronting, and they urgently need to be improved. As intellectual masters of…
Hao Zhichang, Liu XiaonaSchool of Philosophy and Sociology, Jilin University
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On the Logical Evolution of Lukács’s Ethical Thought
In January 1971, Lukács gave two interviews in succession, repeatedly emphasizing that he was a cultural intellectual rather than a politician. His life’s writing proves this.…
Yan Yan and Liu DanfeiSchool of Philosophy, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law
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180 Years Since the Publication of *The German Ideology*: Retrospect and Prospect
In October 1845, Marx and Engels began writing *The German Ideology* in order to critique the representatives of the Young Hegelians, Bruno Bauer and Max Stirner, and to clarify…
Zhao YulanZhao Yulan, researcher at the Collaborative Innovation Center for the Study of Marxism in 21st-Century China and professor at the School of Marxism, Renmin University of China
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On the Relationship between the “Two Inevitabilities” and the “Two Will Nevers” – A Reflection Based on the Idea of Leaping over the “Caudine Forks” of the Capitalist System
The “two inevitabilities,” namely “the inevitable doom of capitalism and the inevitable victory of socialism,” are the core propositions of scientific socialism. They reveal the…
Li JianSchool of Marxism, Fudan University
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Engels’s Critique of “True Socialism” and Its Implications
The trend of thought known as “True Socialism” emerged in Germany in the 1840s, attempting to transplant Anglo-French utopian socialist doctrines onto German idealist philosophy.…
Fu ChenchenSchool of Marxism, Shandong University
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A Historical Analysis of the Proposal and Creation of the Worker-Peasant Alliance
The worker-peasant alliance is a major issue concerning the success or failure of the proletarian revolution. In the history of the international communist movement, who proposed…
Li Wei
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*The Holy Family* and the Formation of Historical Materialism
The main target of criticism in *The Holy Family* is the Berlin “Free Men” represented by the Bauer brothers; the title “The Holy Family” itself adapts a religious story to…
Gong Qin
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A Historical Analysis of the Proposal and Formation of the Worker-Peasant Alliance
The worker-peasant alliance is a major issue concerning the success or failure of the proletarian revolution. Who proposed and formed the worker-peasant alliance in the history of…
Li Wei
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Foucault and Marx: From *Capital* to the Genealogy of Power
Is Foucault a Marxist or an anti-Marxist? Did Foucault propose a “post-structuralist Marxism” or a “post-Marxism”? What kind of theoretical relationship actually exists between…
Ouyang Qian
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Critique of Positive Philosophy: Feuerbach and Marx
Feuerbach’s 1838 essay “Critique of Positive Philosophy” has received scant scholarly attention in the past. Yet it was the first essay by a member of the Young Hegelians to…
Liu SenlinSchool of Philosophy and Social Development, Shandong University
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An Analysis of the Roots of the Transformation of Karl Kautsky’s View of Marxism
The late 19th and early 20th centuries were a period of peaceful development for capitalism, as well as a transitional period from the stage of free competition to the stage of…
Zhuang Wencheng
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The Critique of Machism in *Materialism and Empirio-Criticism*
From the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, Machism spread widely in Europe. The core founder of this trend of thought was the Austrian physicist and…
Wang Rongyou, Zhu Wanjing
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Marx’s Triple Critique of List’s Political Economy
In the preface to *A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy*, Marx wrote: “The debate on free trade and protective tariffs was the first motive that drove me to study…
Zhang Hongliu
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The Integration of Scientific and Technological Achievements with Dialectical Thought — A Review and Prospect on the Centenary of the Publication of Engels’s *Dialectics of Nature*
It has been 100 years since Engels’s *Dialectics of Nature* was formally published in 1925. Although it is an unfinished manuscript by Engels, it reveals his insight into the laws…
Liu DachunLiu Dachun, emeritus first-level professor at the School of Philosophy, Renmin University of China
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The Epochal Yardstick of Marxist Ethics
Marxist ethics is a grand theoretical enterprise. This is not only because Marxism itself focuses on the historical structure and general laws of human society, so that ethical…
Li Yitian
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How Late-Developing Countries Develop Productive Forces – Starting from Marx’s “Critical Notes on Friedrich List’s Book *The National System of Political Economy*”
Friedrich List was an early thinker in the history of political economy to put forward a theory of productive forces. His representative work, *The National System of Political…
Chen Liangbin
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Sandel’s Critique and Reconstruction of the Rawlsian Conception of the Self
In *A Theory of Justice*, Rawls clearly states: “Since the self is prior to the ends which are affirmed by it, … we should reverse the relation between the right and the good…
Zhu Huiling
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The Multiple Meanings of the Concepts “Socialist Revolution” and “Socialism” in Lenin’s Writings after the October Revolution
In Lenin’s writings after the October Revolution, the concepts “socialist revolution” and “socialism” appear frequently. The meanings of these concepts are extremely profound and…
Yu LiangzaoShandong Normal University, Nanjing Normal University
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Marx’s Conception of Spiritual Life and Its Real-World Manifestation
From the moment human consciousness emerged, spiritual life has existed as a mode of living unique to human beings. Issues of spiritual life such as thought, consciousness, and…
Kurash Ibrahim
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The 21st Century Still Needs Lenin
As an outstanding proletarian revolutionary leader, Marxist politician and theorist, Lenin led the October Revolution in Russia to victory, established the first socialist state in…
Luo Zixuan, Guo LishuangFudan University
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The Historical Dialectic of the State and Capitalism in *Capital* and Its Manuscripts
When studying *Capital*, academia often focuses on its economic theory, particularly its analysis of the capitalist economic system, while paying insufficient attention to the…
Guo QiangInstitute of Philosophy, Hebei Academy of Social Sciences
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The Critique of the Logic of Capital from the Perspective of Marx’s Theory of World History and Its Contemporary Significance
As the overarching logic of modern society, the logic of capital has profoundly influenced world history and human development. Then, what is the logic of capital? Why can the…
Wang Xinsheng, Zhang JianrongNankai University
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A Historical Materialist Interpretation of the Complex Relationship between Cultural Forms and the Development of the Times and Its Contemporary Implications
The *Introduction to a Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy* (hereinafter referred to as the *Introduction*) is the “general introduction” Marx wrote for *A…
Wang XiaofengTsinghua University
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A Re-examination of Marx’s “Method of Inquiry” and “Method of Presentation” in *Capital*
Since the birth of *Capital*, the question of how to understand its “method” has been a matter of constant debate. Although Althusser undertook an early “epistemological”…
Bai Gang and Wang XuchunJilin University
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Being Born of Non-Being: The Logical Beginning of *Capital*
Introduction
Dai LigangJiangnan University
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Marx’s Dialectic of Labor and the Limits of Western Modernity
Marx’s concept of labor not only occupies a foundational position in Marx’s doctrine but is also intrinsically related to Hegel’s dialectic. Regarding the intellectual differences…
Liu GuixiangDalian University of Technology
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The Historical Dialectics of the State and Capitalism in *Capital* and Its Manuscripts
When studying *Capital*, the academic community often focuses on its economic theory, particularly its dissection of the capitalist economic system, while paying insufficient…
Guo QiangInstitute of Philosophy, Hebei Academy of Social Sciences
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The Critique of the Logic of Capital from the Perspective of Marx’s Theory of World History and Its Contemporary Significance
As the overarching logic of modern society, the logic of capital has profoundly influenced world history and human development. So, what is the logic of capital? Why can the logic…
Wang Xinsheng, Zhang JianrongNankai University
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A Historical Materialist Interpretation of the Complex Relationship between Cultural Forms and the Development of the Times and Its Contemporary Implications
The *Introduction to a Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy* (hereinafter referred to as the *Introduction*) is the “general introduction” Marx wrote for *A…
Wang XiaofengTsinghua University
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The Machine Narrative and Its Conceptual Genealogy in Marx’s Context
The concept of “machine” occupies a very important position in Marx’s classical texts. Existing related research mainly focuses on the interpretation of Marx’s discussions on…
Zhao ZelinHuazhong University of Science and Technology
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The Significance of Herder for the Formation of Marx’s Thought
The influence of the German intellectual and cultural tradition on Marx was immense. This tradition largely shaped the contours of Marx’s thought. However, we must by no means…
Ma JianqingSun Yat-sen University
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The Construction and Transcendence of "Moral Politics": Rousseau, Hegel, and Marx
In recent years, when studying Marx's political philosophy and his critical theory of modernity, scholars have focused on the relationship between morality and politics. Some…
Zhang DangRenmin University of China
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The Historical Presence of Philosophy
The contemporary notion that “philosophy is the history of philosophy” is largely attributable to Hegel’s systematic elaboration. His *Lectures on the History of Philosophy*…
Feng JiahuiInstitute of Philosophy, Chinese Academy of Social SciencesCenter for Comparative Studies of World Civilizations
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Critique of the Logic of Capital from the Perspective of Marx’s Theory of World History and Its Contemporary Significance
As the overarching logic of modern society, the logic of capital has profoundly influenced world history and human development. So, what is the logic of capital? Why can the logic…
Wang Xinsheng and Zhang JianrongNankai University
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The Historical Foundation of Production and the Logical Starting Point of Exchange: An Exploration Based on Marx’s Theory of Value Form and the Process of Research and Presentation
One of the fundamental viewpoints of the Marxist conception of social history and political economy is that production determines exchange. The categorical system of production,…
Li QiankunNanjing University
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Revisiting the Wealth Concepts of Mercantilism and the Physiocratic School and Their Reflection on the Subject
In the section “Private Property and Labor” of Notebook III of the *Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844* (hereinafter referred to as the *Paris Manuscripts*), Marx,…
Huang ZhijunRenmin University of China
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Marx’s Theory of Endogenous Money
I. Introduction
Wang YaoInstitute of Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
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In the Long River of History, Pursuing the Charm of Theory
The Chinese nation is a nation skilled in theoretical creation; the Chinese people are a people rich in theoretical accomplishment; the CPC is a political party that attaches great…
Wang FuxinWang Fuxin, Researcher at the Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in Shandong Province, and Deputy Dean of the School of Marxism, Ocean University of China
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The Critique of the Mensheviks’ Views on Organization in *One Step Forward, Two Steps Back* and Its Contemporary Implications
*One Step Forward, Two Steps Back*, written between February and May 1904, is a polemical and critical classic text authored by Lenin to uphold the Marxist organizational line. In…
Huang Rongsheng, Liu DongxuSouthwest University
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A Political Economy Analysis of "Techno-Feudalism"
In recent years, the platform economy has developed rapidly worldwide. The rise of the internet and digital platforms has profoundly changed modes of production and daily life,…
Pan Yue and Cheng Enfu(Author affiliations: Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityNankai University · 21st Century Marxism Research Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)
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A Historical Materialist Interpretation of “Standing on the Right Side of History”
General Secretary Xi Jinping has on many occasions at different venues raised the proposition of “standing on the right side of history.” This important thesis requires us to think…
Tang AijunTang Aijun, Researcher at the Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and Professor at the School of Marxism, Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (National Academy of Governance)
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Marx and Engels’s Theory of Civilization and Its Contemporary Value
Since the beginning of the 21st century, with the continuous deepening and development of world modernization, and especially as Chinese-path modernization has created a new form…
Zhang Sanyuan
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Toward a Positive Philosophy: Marx and the Philosophical Transformation of Modern Civilization
Marx’s philosophy was born and developed in the critical reflection on modern civilization. As the first global civilization in human history, modern civilization possesses a…
Liu Senlin
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An Analysis of Research on the Political Roots of Contemporary European and American Populism
I. Introduction
Ma Jinyi, Wang Puqu
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Historical Materialism Is a Transcendence of Feuerbach’s Philosophy
In the history of Marxist development, Feuerbach’s philosophy is an unavoidable link. It provided an important opportunity for Marx to establish historical materialism and served…
Heng Lin
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“The Lockean Factor” in Marx’s Intellectual Construction
Marx called the philosophical system he constructed through arduous exploration “new materialism,” “modern materialism,” and “new philosophy.” It is both a product of the political…
Nie Jinfang
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The Conceptual Logic of “Critique of Capital”
Marx’s study of political economy aims to reveal, demonstrate, and critique the contradictions, rationale, and rules of the capitalist economic system. “The logic of *Capital*” is…
Liu Daoyi
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