Chinese-Path Modernization’s Mastery over Capital

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, our Party has continued to advance on the foundation laid by the founding of New China and by reform and opening up, successfully promoting and expanding Chinese-path modernization. As the contemporary form of socialist modernization, Chinese-path modernization adheres to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities, has broken free of the rut of “taking the Soviet Union as teacher,” shattered the myth that “modernization equals Westernization,” transcended the binary opposition between “abolishing capital” and “taking capital as the center,” and blazed a new path that effectively utilizes and masters the logic of capital. It has achieved the coordinated advancement of economic and social development and human development, and has spurred the creation of a new form of human civilization.

党的十八大以来，我们党在新中国成立和改革开放的基础上继续前进，成功推进和拓展了中国式现代化。作为社会主义现代化的当代形态，中国式现代化坚持马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合，跳出了“以苏为师”的窠臼，打破“现代化=西方化”的迷思，超越“消灭资本”和“以资本为中心”的二元对立，走出了一条有效利用和驾驭资本逻辑的新道路，实现了经济社会发展与人的发展协调推进，推动了人类文明新形态的创造。

The Logic of Capital and the General Characteristics of Modernization

资本逻辑与现代化的一般特征

The so-called logic of capital refers to the law of motion that capital, in accordance with the essence of its social relations of production, displays in the process of pursuing valorization and the expansion of power. The Western Renaissance, Reformation, and Enlightenment provided the ideological impetus and value support for “modernization,” but it was the logic of capital that turned modernization into a real picture of material production and social life. It was precisely when the capitalist mode of production became the dominant form of social production that human society stepped out of traditional society and entered modern society. When Marx used the term “modern,” it was mostly in connection with concepts such as the “modern capitalist class” and the “modern working class,” and through his critique of political economy and critique of the logic of capital, he revealed the inner contradictions, dynamic mechanisms, and basic characteristics of modern society, demonstrating the essential connection between modernization and the logic of capital. In general, modernization is the process by which human society transforms from a traditional agrarian society to a modern industrial-commercial society. It possesses the general characteristics of modernization, such as industrialization, marketization, democratization, and secularization, all of which are inseparable from the impetus of the logic of capital.

所谓资本逻辑，是指资本根据其社会生产关系本质，在追求价值增殖和权力扩张的过程中所展现出来的运行规律。西方的文艺复兴、宗教改革以及启蒙运动等为“现代化”提供了思想动力和价值支撑，但现代化真正变成现实的物质生产和社会生活图景则是由资本逻辑推动的。正是资本主义生产方式成为社会生产的主导形态，人类社会才走出传统社会进入现代社会。马克思在使用“现代”一词时，多与“现代资本家阶级”“现代工人阶级”等概念相关，并通过政治经济学批判和资本逻辑批判，揭示了现代社会的内在矛盾、动力机制和基本特性，表明了现代化与资本逻辑的本质关联。总的来看，现代化是人类社会由传统农耕社会向现代工商社会转变的过程，具有工业化、市场化、民主化、世俗化等现代化的一般特征，这些特征都离不开资本逻辑的推动。

First, the logic of capital drove the industrialization of production. Industrialization is the primary characteristic of modernization, and the logic of capital is the inner driving force of industrialization. The replacement of production for use-value by production for exchange-value, and thus the replacement of the natural economy by the commodity economy, is the material basis for the transition from traditional to modern society. It was precisely under the conditions of machine-based large-scale production that capital was able to concentrate for valorization, accumulation, and expansion, that commodified production became a universal force imposed on society, and that capitalist production prompted the disintegration of traditional, narrow production, ushering in “a new epoch in the social process of production.”

首先，资本逻辑推动了生产的工业化。工业化是现代化的首要特征，而资本逻辑则是工业化的内在动力。以交换价值为目的的生产取代以使用价值为目的的生产，从而商品经济取代自然经济，是传统社会向现代社会转变的物质基础。正是在机器化大生产的条件下，资本才集中起来进行增殖、积累以及扩张，商品化生产才成为强加于社会的普遍性力量；资本主义生产才促使传统的、狭隘的生产走向解体，迎来“社会生产过程的一个新时代”。

Second, the logic of capital drove the marketization of the economy. The market is the most efficient form of resource allocation, and marketization is a salient feature of a modernized economy. To efficiently realize valorization, capital constantly maintains a keen response to various market signals, ceaselessly breaks through the boundaries of time and space to optimize the allocation of various factors of production such as capital, land, and labor, creates “a system of general utility,” and “produces a human being with as many needs as possible.” The increased efficiency of capital flow, concentration, and diffusion inevitably deepens the social division of labor, expands social intercourse, and promotes the universalization of commodity production, thereby further raising the degree and scale of marketization.

其次，资本逻辑推动了经济的市场化。市场是最有效率地配置资源的形式，市场化是现代化经济的显著特征。为了高效地实现价值增殖，资本始终保持着对各种市场信号的敏锐反应，不断打破时空界限实现资金、土地、劳动力等各类生产要素的优化配置，创造出“一个普遍有用性的体系”，并把“具有尽可能广泛需要的人生产出来”。资本流动、积聚和扩散效率的提升，必然不断深化社会分工、扩大社会交往、推动商品生产普遍化，从而进一步提升市场化的程度和规模。

Third, capital drove the development of bourgeois democracy. The marketization of the economy inevitably demands the development of bourgeois democracy. In traditional society, extra-economic power dominated the entire production and life of society, with localization, hierarchization, and personal dependence being the main characteristics of social relations. With the development and expansion of capital, people began to appear on the market as representatives of commodities, money, and even capital, exchanging according to the principle of equivalent exchange. Consequently, the personal dependence relations of traditional society were replaced by “relations of personal independence based on dependence on things,” and the hierarchical system was gradually replaced by formal relations of freedom and equality. Thus, economic power (the power of capital) replaced extra-economic power as the overarching force dominating the whole of society, driving the development of bourgeois democracy.

再次，资本推动了资产阶级民主的发展。经济的市场化必然要求资产阶级民主的发展。在传统社会，超经济权力支配着整个社会的生产生活，地域化、等级化、人身依附成为社会关系的主要特征。随着资本的发展和扩张，人们开始作为商品、货币乃至资本的代表出现在市场上，按照等价交换原则进行交换。由此，传统社会的人身依附关系被“以物的依赖性为基础的人的独立性关系”取代，等级化制度逐渐被形式上的自由平等关系取代。由此，经济权力（资本权力）取代超经济权力成为支配整个社会的总体性力量，推动了资产阶级民主的发展。

Finally, the logic of capital drove the secularization of life. From the perspective of the relationship between humans and nature, capital’s maximization of valorization is inseparable from the utilization of natural resources; therefore, it does everything in its power to disenchant nature, using utilitarian rationality to eliminate human reverence for nature. From the perspective of the relationship between humans and humans, capital replaced all feudal and patriarchal ethical relations with relations of naked self-interest, leaving society with “no other nexus between man and man than naked self-interest, than callous ‘cash payment.’” From the perspective of the relationship between humans and themselves, capital manifests itself as a self-operating, self-organizing value subject, in which humans are nothing but the personification of capital, and even “human dignity has become exchange value.”

最后，资本逻辑推动了生活的世俗化。从人与自然的关系来看，资本最大化地实现价值增殖离不开对自然资源的利用，因此它竭尽所能地使自然祛魅，以效用理性消灭人对自然的崇拜。从人与人的关系来看，资本用利益关系取代了一切封建的、宗法的伦理关系，使社会“除了赤裸裸的利害关系，除了冷酷无情的‘现金交易’，就再也没有任何别的联系了”。从人与自身的关系上来看，资本表现为一种自运行、自组织的价值主体，其中的人不过是资本的人格化，甚至“人的尊严变成了交换价值”。

Under conditions where the capitalist mode of production is dominant, the impetus of industrialization inevitably leads to problems such as resource depletion, labor alienation, and overproduction; the rapid expansion of marketization inevitably runs into commercial crises due to encountering the boundaries of time, space, and demand; the expansion of bourgeois democracy ultimately turns economic conflicts into political conflicts; and the accelerated evolution of secularization leads to the erosion of spiritual life by materialism. Capitalist modernization inevitably falls into economic, political, ecological, and value-cultural crises. Therefore, modernization dominated by the logic of capital can only complete the first half of the task of modernization. To complete the tasks of the second half of modernization, a paradigm shift in ideas and actions is necessary—and that is socialism.

在资本主义生产方式占主导地位的情况下，工业化的推动必然导致资源耗竭、劳动异化、生产过剩等问题，市场化的快速扩张必然因为遭遇时空界限和需求界限而陷入商业危机，资产阶级民主的扩张最终会使经济冲突演变为政治冲突，世俗化的加速演进则导致物质主义对精神生活的侵蚀，资本主义现代化不可避免地会陷入经济危机、政治危机、生态危机以及价值文化危机。因此，资本逻辑主导的现代化只能完成现代化前半程的任务。要想完成现代化后半程的任务，必须经历理念和行动上的范式转换，这就是社会主义。

Mastering the Logic of Capital and the Chinese Characteristics of Chinese-Path Modernization

驾驭资本逻辑与中国式现代化的中国特色

Chinese-path modernization is not a product isolated from the development process of human civilization; it is the result of following the universal laws of human modernization and the commonalities of modernization in various countries. Therefore, industrialization, marketization, democratization, and secularization also constitute its general characteristics. However, unlike Western modernization, which insists on taking capital as the center and adheres to liberalism, Chinese-path modernization is the result of a modern political party leading the people to establish a modern state and thereby carry out a social revolution. From its very inception, it contains a reflection on and regulation of the logic of capital. Adhering to a people-centered development philosophy and treating capital as a means to realize the fundamental interests of the people is the value source of the Chinese characteristics of Chinese-path modernization.

中国式现代化不是孤立于人类文明发展进程的产物，而是遵循人类现代化普遍规律和世界各国现代化共性的结果，因而工业化、市场化、民主化、世俗化也构成了其一般特征。但与西方现代化坚持以资本为中心、坚持自由主义不同，中国式现代化是由现代政党引导人民创立现代国家从而开展社会革命的结果，在开端就包含着对资本逻辑的反思和辖制。坚持以人民为中心的发展理念，将资本作为实现人民根本利益的手段，是中国式现代化之中国特色产生的价值根源。

First, Chinese-path modernization is the modernization of common prosperity for all the people. It resolutely prevents excessive capital accumulation and social polarization between rich and poor, achieving the unity of development relying on the people and development for the people. Capitalist modernization is modernization centered on capital. Although it promotes civilizational progress, it fundamentally serves the bourgeoisie, not the broad masses of working people. Therefore, accumulation of capital is at the same time accumulation of misery, and the multiplication of the world of things is at the same time the devaluation of the human world. For Chinese-path modernization, the Party’s centralized, unified leadership determines the political direction of modernization; the people’s labor and needs constitute the basic driving force of modernization; and the basic socialist economic system and distribution system provide the institutional guarantee for modernization. In this context, the purpose of utilizing capital is to continuously liberate productive forces, invigorate the market economy, solve the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development, and create conditions for all the people to share in social wealth and a better life.

首先，中国式现代化是全体人民共同富裕的现代化，坚决防止资本过度积累和社会贫富分化，实现了发展依靠人民和发展为了人民的统一。资本主义现代化是以资本为中心的现代化，尽管推动了文明进步，但在根本上是为资产阶级而不是为广大劳动者服务的。因此，资本积累的同时是贫困的积累，物的世界增殖的同时是人的世界的贬值。对中国式现代化而言，党的集中统一领导决定了现代化的政治方向，人民的劳动和需要构成了现代化的基本动力，社会主义基本经济制度和分配制度为现代化提供了制度保障。在这种背景下，利用资本的目的是不断解放生产力，搞活市场经济，破解发展不平衡不充分难题，为全体人民共享社会财富和美好生活创造条件。

Second, Chinese-path modernization is the modernization of coordinated material and cultural-ethical progress. It is always vigilant against the logic of capital devouring the lifeworld, achieving the unity of raising the people’s material living standards and enriching their spiritual world. In the modern bourgeois society dominated by the logic of capital, the social relations between people are inverted into social relations between things; people’s activities, needs, and even ideas become objects manipulated by capital. Ultimately, capitalist modernization falls into the mire of “seeing things but not people,” of material inflation and spiritual loss. Chinese-path modernization pursues not only material prosperity but also spiritual prosperity. Therefore, while utilizing capital to flourish the cultural market, it always adheres to the guidance of the core socialist values, insists on social benefits taking precedence over economic benefits, curbs the infiltration of materialism, nihilism, and instrumental rationality into daily life, and enriches the people’s spiritual and cultural life.

其次，中国式现代化是物质文明和精神文明协调发展的现代化，始终警惕资本逻辑对生活世界的吞噬，实现了提高人民物质生活水平和丰富人的精神世界的统一。在资本逻辑主导的现代资产阶级社会，人与人的社会关系被颠倒为物与物之间的社会关系，人的活动、需要乃至观念都成为资本操纵的对象，最终资本主义现代化跌入“见物不见人”、物质膨胀精神失落的泥潭。中国式现代化既追求物质上的富裕更包括精神上的富裕，因此其利用资本繁荣文化市场，始终坚持社会主义核心价值观的引领，坚持社会效益优先于经济效益，抑制了物质主义、虚无主义以及工具理性对日常生活的渗透，丰富了人民的精神文化生活。

Third, Chinese-path modernization is a modernization in which humanity and nature live in harmony; it consistently opposes capital’s boundless plunder and arbitrary domination of nature, and achieves the unity of respecting people’s ecological rights and respecting the laws of nature. Under the logic of capital and the effects of science, technology and machine production controlled by that logic, nature-in-itself is constantly transformed into nature-for-humanity; the metabolic laws of the natural world are swept along by the laws of capitalist production and circulation, ultimately causing an ecological crisis alongside the economic and social crisis. Chinese-path modernization upholds the concept that humanity and nature form a community of life, upholds the green-development view that lucid waters and lush mountains are mountains of gold and silver, upholds the organic unity of production development, affluent living and a sound ecology; it transcends the old capitalist modernization path in which the logic of capital dominates the logic of ecology, and opens a new socialist modernization path in which humanity and nature live in harmony.

再次，中国式现代化是人与自然和谐共生的现代化，始终反对资本对自然的无限攫取和任性支配，实现了尊重人的生态权利和尊重自然规律的统一。在资本逻辑以及受资本逻辑控制的科学技术、机器生产的作用下，自在自然不断转化为属人自然，自然界的新陈代谢规律被资本主义生产和流通规律裹挟，最终在导致经济社会危机的同时造成了生态环境危机。中国式现代化坚持人与自然是生命共同体的理念，坚持绿水青山就是金山银山的绿色发展观，坚持生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的有机统一，超越了资本逻辑支配生态逻辑的资本主义现代化老路，走出了人与自然和谐共生的社会主义现代化新路。

Finally, Chinese-path modernization is a modernization that takes the path of peaceful development; it resolutely rejects the colonial logic of capital’s plunder and expansion, and achieves the unity of feelings for the family-nation and feelings for humanity. In the process of capitalist modernization, the bourgeoisie not only used capital’s valorization to change the face of the nation-state itself, but also changed the face of the world through colonial expansion, bringing about the subordination of the countryside to the city, of the East to the West, of the periphery to the center, and creating a hierarchical order full of contradictions and conflicts. Chinese-path modernization adheres to the combination of the Marxist concept of internationalism and the traditional Chinese cultural concept of a common world under heaven, advocates the values of a shared future for all humanity and the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, opposes isolationism, unilateralism and protectionism, opposes hegemonism, bullying and high-handedness, and always promotes world peace and development through its own development.

最后，中国式现代化是走和平发展道路的现代化，坚决摒弃资本掠夺扩张的殖民逻辑，实现了家国情怀与人类情怀的统一。在资本主义现代化进程中，资产阶级不仅利用资本增值改变了民族国家自身的面貌，而且通过殖民扩张改变了世界的面貌，导致了乡村对城市、东方对西方、边缘对中心的从属，创造了充满矛盾和冲突的等级秩序。中国式现代化坚持马克思主义国际主义理念同中华传统文化天下大同理念相结合，倡导全人类共同价值和人类命运共同体理念，反对孤立主义、单边主义、保护主义，反对霸权、霸凌、霸道，始终以自身的发展推动世界的和平发展。

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that only by adhering to a people-centered approach can we establish a correct view of modernization. Chinese-path modernization takes Marxism as its guide, adheres to a people-centered approach, makes the logic of capital serve the logic of people, makes the modernization of things serve the modernization of people, makes economic and social development serve people’s free and comprehensive development, thereby discarding the old Western path of capital-centered modernization, polarized modernization, materialistically inflated modernization, and externally expansionist and predatory modernization; it has opened a new path that both utilizes the civilizing role of capital and prevents capital from causing the alienation of civilization, contributing Chinese wisdom to socialist modernization and even to the modernization enterprise of all humanity.

习近平总书记指出，只有坚持以人民为中心，才能树立正确的现代化观。中国式现代化坚持以马克思主义为指导，坚持以人民为中心，让资本逻辑服务于人的逻辑，让物的现代化服务于人的现代化，让经济社会发展服务于人的自由全面发展，从而摒弃了西方以资本为中心的现代化、两极分化的现代化、物质主义膨胀的现代化、对外扩张掠夺的现代化老路，走出了一条既利用资本的文明作用又防止资本导致文明异化的新路，为社会主义现代化乃至整个人类的现代化事业贡献了中国智慧。

Promoting Chinese-Path Modernization through the Healthy Development of Capital

以资本健康发展推动中国式现代化

In today’s world, the “one globe, two systems” constituted by capitalism and socialism will coexist for a long time; capital-led globalization remains the main trend of world economic development; and modernization remains the main direction of human social development and progress. To comprehensively advance the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization, we must, in following the laws of modernization, uphold the unity of universality and particularity; in grasping the historical orientation of modernization, uphold the unity of China and the world; and more effectively utilize and command the logic of capital and more actively guide the healthy development of capital.

当今世界，资本主义与社会主义构成的“一球两制”将长期共存，资本主导的全球化仍然是世界经济发展的主要趋势，现代化仍然是人类社会发展进步的主要方向。以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴，必须在遵循现代化建设规律上坚持普遍性与特殊性相统一，在把握现代化的历史方位上坚持中国与世界相统一，更为有效地利用驾驭资本逻辑和更为积极地引导资本健康发展。

First, adhere to Marxism as the guide and correctly understand the relationship among capital, capitalism and modernization. From the perspective of historical materialism and the grand historical view, capitalism is the pioneer of modernization, while socialism is the transcender of capitalist modernization; the two will coexist for a long time. On the one hand, since the Industrial Revolution, capital has continuously merged with advanced science and technology and the latest factors of production; capitalist countries have continuously adjusted their domestic and foreign economic policies in accordance with the development of productive forces; the space for capital, as a social relation of production, to accommodate productive forces is still being released. On the other hand, China’s current socialism is, in terms of time, in the primary stage, and in terms of space, coexisting with capitalism; implementing the new development concept, building a new development pattern and achieving high-quality development are inseparable from the positive role played by various factors of production, including capital, and from drawing on the advanced civilizational achievements of humanity, including those of developed capitalist countries. Standing at a new historical starting point, we must uphold the unity of historical confidence and historical patience, deeply summarize the positive and negative experiences of governing capital in the past, avoid both simply equating capital under the conditions of the socialist market economy with capital under capitalism and opposing a people-centered approach to utilizing capital, and leverage capital’s strengths while avoiding its weaknesses.

首先，坚持以马克思主义为指导，正确认识资本、资本主义与现代化三者之间的关系。从唯物史观和大历史的视角来看，资本主义是现代化的开拓者，社会主义则是资本主义现代化的超越者，二者将长期共存。一方面，自工业革命以来，资本不断与先进科学技术和最新生产要素融合，资本主义国家不断根据生产力发展对内外经济政策做出调整，资本作为社会生产关系能够容纳生产力的空间仍在不断释放。另一方面，我国现阶段的社会主义在时间上处于初级阶段，在空间上与资本主义共在，贯彻新发展理念、构建新发展格局和实现高质量发展，离不开包括资本在内的各种生产要素发挥积极作用，离不开对包括发达资本主义国家在内的人类先进文明成果的借鉴。站在新的历史起点上，必须坚持历史信心与历史耐心的统一，深入总结过去治理资本的正反两方面经验，既避免将社会主义市场经济条件下的资本与资本主义的资本简单等同，又要避免将坚持以人民为中心同利用资本对立起来，扬长避短地发挥资本的作用。

Second, grasp the characteristics and operational laws of capital under the conditions of the socialist market economy, and dialectically understand the dual role of capital. Under the conditions of the socialist market economy, various forms of capital necessarily exist, but whether it is public capital or non-public capital, both must follow the laws of value, competition and supply and demand; both must expand for the purpose of preserving and increasing value; thus both possess profit-seeking, fluid and expansionary natures—these are the common characteristics of capital. At the same time, unlike the capitalist market economy dominated by private ownership of the means of production, the socialist market economy adheres to the dominance of public ownership; this “universal light” [8]8 A metaphor drawn from Marx’s *Grundrisse*, where he describes a dominant mode of production as a “universal light” that colors all other relations. determines the fundamental principle governing the operation of all types of capital, especially non-public capital. Under this premise, public capital plays the role of “main hue” and “backbone,” while non-public capital “shows its colors in a riot of splendor” and “each displays its own prowess,” which is conducive to building a modern economic system and promoting high-quality development. Since reform and opening up, capital has played an important role in developing productive forces, invigorating the market economy, promoting employment and meeting the diverse needs of the people. At the same time, in recent years, the disorderly expansion and野蛮生长 [9]9 Literally “wild growth,” a term used in Chinese political discourse to describe the uncontrolled, predatory expansion of capital. of financial capital and platform capital have appeared from time to time, leading to negative phenomena such as labor control, market monopoly, power rent-seeking and public opinion manipulation, which urgently need to be guided scientifically and rationally.

其次，把握社会主义市场经济条件下资本的特性和运行规律，辩证认识资本的双重作用。在社会主义市场经济条件下，必然存在各种形态的资本，但无论是公有资本还是非公资本，都需要遵循价值规律、竞争规律和供求规律，都需要以保值增值为目的进行扩张，因而都具有逐利性、流动性和扩张性，这是资本的共性。同时，与生产资料私人占有制为主导的资本主义市场经济不同，社会主义市场经济坚持公有制为主体，这一“普照的光”决定了各类资本特别是非公资本运行的根本原则。在这一前提下，公有资本发挥“主色调”“主心骨”的作用，非公资本“五彩斑斓”“各显神通”，有利于建设现代化经济体系、推动高质量发展。改革开放以来，资本在发展生产力、搞活市场经济、促进就业和满足人民多样性需要等方面发挥了重要作用。同时，近年来，金融资本、平台资本的无序扩张和野蛮生长现象时有显现，导致了劳动控制、市场垄断、权力寻租、舆论操纵等负面现象，亟待科学理性地予以引导。

Finally, raise the level of capital governance and guide the healthy development of capital. Due to its nature of valorization and expansion, capital inevitably demands to break through various restrictions, to cross from the economic sphere into the political, cultural and social life spheres, and to penetrate areas such as public opinion, news media, ideology and political activities. To guide the healthy development of capital, we must set up “traffic lights” for capital. [10]10 A metaphor for regulatory controls that allow or prohibit capital’s entry into specific sectors or activities. First, adhere to the fundamental principle of the Party managing capital, fully use the power of the state and the people to limit the disorderly expansion of capital, and ensure the socialist direction of economic development. Second, adhere to a people-centered approach, guide capital to play a role in areas such as scientific and technological innovation, production development and rural revitalization, and continuously meet the people’s needs for a better life. Third, adhere to the basic economic system and the “two unswervinglys,” [11]11 The policy of unswervingly consolidating and developing the public sector, and unswervingly encouraging, supporting and guiding the development of the non-public sector. fairly protect all types of property rights, stabilize market entities’ expectations, and defend the cornerstone of the healthy development of the market economy. Fourth, improve the systems of primary distribution, redistribution and tertiary distribution, regulate the wealth accumulation mechanism, and promote common prosperity for all the people. Fifth, adhere to comprehensive law-based governance, and establish at a high standard a legal environment and business environment conducive to the flow, competition and distribution of capital and various factors of production.

最后，提高资本治理水平，引导资本健康发展。由于增殖和扩张本性，资本必然要求突破各种限制，越过经济领域进入政治领域、文化领域和社会生活领域，向公众舆论、新闻媒体、意识形态以及政治活动等领域渗透。引导资本健康发展，必须为资本设置“红绿灯”。一是坚持党管资本的根本原则，充分运用国家和人民的权力限制资本无序扩张，保证经济发展的社会主义方向；二是坚持以人民为中心，引导资本在科技创新、生产发展、乡村振兴等领域发挥作用，不断满足人民的美好生活需要；三是坚持基本经济制度和“两个毫不动摇”，公平保护各类产权，稳定市场主体预期，捍卫市场经济健康发展的基石；四是完善初次分配、再分配和第三次分配制度，规范财富积累机制，推动全体人民的共同富裕；五是坚持全面依法治国，高标准建立有利于资本和各种生产要素流动、竞争、参与分配的法治环境和营商环境。

Web editor: Paul

网络编辑：保罗