The Three Major Initiatives: A Three-Dimensional Presentation of the Concept of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

The world today is undergoing changes unseen in a century. The global economy faces deep adjustment, and the “Western development first” theory is rampant. World security confronts severe challenges, with Cold War mentality and geopolitics haunting the scene. Civilizational conflict is artificially magnified, and Western arguments such as the “clash of civilizations” and the “superiority of a particular civilization” have resurfaced. Whether to pursue “decoupling and severing supply chains” or “shared prosperity,” “absolute security” or “universal security,” the “end of history” or “exchange and mutual learning” — these have become three major puzzles of development, security, and civilization that bear on the common future of humanity. As a builder of world peace, a contributor to global development, a defender of the international order, and a promoter of human civilization, China, following the Belt and Road cooperation initiative, has successively put forward the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative. The Three Major Initiatives are of one lineage and echo each other. They enrich the ideological system of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind from the aspects of laying a material foundation, ensuring lasting peace, and consolidating value consensus, providing positive guidance and practical pathways for the common prosperity, universal security, and civilizational exchange and mutual learning of all countries in the world.

当今世界正经历百年未有之大变局，全球经济面临深度调整，“西方发展优先论”大行其道；世界安全面临严峻挑战，冷战思维和地缘政治阴魂不散；文明冲突被人为放大，“文明冲突论”、“文明优越论”等西方论调沉渣泛起。是“脱钩断链”还是“共同繁荣”，是“绝对安全”还是“普遍安全”，是“文明终结”还是“交流互鉴”，成为事关人类共同前途命运的发展、安全、文明三大难题。作为世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者、人类文明的促进者，中国继“一带一路”合作倡议之后相继提出全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议。“三大倡议”一脉相承且彼此呼应，从奠定物质基础、保障持久和平、凝聚价值共识等方面丰富了人类命运共同体理念的思想体系，为世界各国共同繁荣、普遍安全、文明交流互鉴提供正向指引与实践路径。

I. The Three Major Initiatives Are of One Lineage, Constituting a Concrete and Theoretical Expression of the Concept of Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

一、“三大倡议”一脉相承，是构建人类命运共同体理念的具象化、理论化表达

The formation of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind has a profound historical background. The global development gap and the North-South divide continue to widen; geopolitical risks and regional security conflicts are increasingly intensifying; the “clash of civilizations” theory and cultural conservatism rise and fall from time to time. These pose many challenges to global economic development, universal security, and civilizational exchange and mutual learning. The new world order concept for the era of globalization advocated by the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind aims to break the dependent world economic order dominated by Western capitalist countries, end the hegemonic international governance order of unilateral control, and break through the historical inertia of Western civilization’s obsession with the “clash of civilizations” theory. In the ten years since the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind was proposed, from the formation of the idea to its implementation in practice, from long-term goals to concrete plans, it has been written into important documents such as resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly, the declarations of the BRICS countries, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.

人类命运共同体理念的形成，有着深刻的时代背景。全球发展鸿沟与南北差距不断扩大，地缘政治风险与地区安全冲突日益加剧，“文明冲突论”与文化保守主义时兴时衰，对全球经济发展、普遍安全、文明交流互鉴带来诸多挑战。而人类命运共同体理念所倡导的全球化时代世界新秩序观，旨在打破西方资本主义国家主导的依附型世界经济秩序，终结单极操控的霸权式国际治理秩序，突破西方文明执迷于“文明冲突论”的历史惯性。人类命运共同体提出十年来，从理念形成到付诸实践，从远景目标到现实方案，先后被写入联合国大会决议、金砖国家和上海合作组织宣言等重要文件。

(A) The Three Major Initiatives Closely Follow the Three Major Themes of “Development, Security, and Civilization,” Laying the Theoretical Foundation for the Concept of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

（一）“三大倡议”紧扣“发展、安全、文明”三大主题，奠定人类命运共同体理念的理论基石

The concept of a community with a shared future for mankind is by no means empty diplomatic rhetoric; rather, it has its three-dimensional form of presentation. As a new plan for the common development of all countries, a new approach to global security governance, and a new paradigm for exchange and mutual learning among different civilizations, this concept focuses on global issues such as common prosperity, universal security, and civilizational exchange and mutual learning. It is a theoretical product of in-depth reflection on world economic development, global security challenges, and the future destiny of human civilization. Since the proposal of the Belt and Road cooperation initiative in 2013, China has successively put forward three major global initiatives to systematically solve the problems of world development, security, and civilization, enriching and elevating the basic connotation of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind. The Global Development Initiative, proposed in 2021, aims to build a more equitable and balanced global development partnership. The Global Security Initiative, proposed in 2022, regards humanity as an indivisible security community. The Global Civilization Initiative, proposed in 2023, is committed to building a global network for civilizational dialogue and cooperation. The Three Major Initiatives, rooted in China yet oriented toward the world, are mutually coordinated and complementary. The Global Development Initiative focuses on development first and common prosperity, laying the material conditions for universal security and the sustainable transmission of human civilization in all countries. The Global Security Initiative seeks sustainable and universal security, creating a stable and peaceful environment for the common prosperity of all countries and civilizational exchange and mutual learning. The Global Civilization Initiative advocates civilizational equality, mutual learning, dialogue, and inclusiveness, promotes the common values of all humanity, and provides spiritual pillars and value support for the common prosperity and universal security of all countries.

人类命运共同体理念绝非空洞的外交辞令，而是有其立体化的呈现形式。作为世界各国共同发展的新方案、全球安全治理的新思路、不同文明交流互鉴的新范式，这一理念聚焦共同繁荣、普遍安全、文明交流互鉴等全球性议题，是对世界经济发展、全球安全挑战、人类文明前途命运进行深入思考的理论产物。自2013年提出“一带一路”合作倡议后，我国相继提出了系统解决世界发展、安全、文明难题的三大全球倡议，充实并升华了人类命运共同体理念的基本内涵。2021年提出的全球发展倡议，旨在构建更加平等均衡的全球发展伙伴关系；2022年提出的全球安全倡议，将人类视为不可分割的安全共同体；2023年提出的全球文明倡议，致力于构建全球文明对话合作网络。立足中国又面向世界的“三大倡议”相互协调且互为补充。全球发展倡议聚焦发展优先、共同繁荣，为世界各国普遍安全、人类文明永续传承奠定物质条件；全球安全倡议寻求可持续安全、普遍安全，为世界各国共同繁荣、文明交流互鉴创造稳定的和平环境；而全球文明倡议倡导文明平等、互鉴、对话、包容，弘扬全人类共同价值，为世界各国共同繁荣、普遍安全提供精神支柱和价值观支撑。

As a Chinese solution answering the questions of the world, the people, and the times, the Three Major Initiatives provide solid support for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. They not only manifest a global development concept prioritizing development, a global security concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security, and a global civilization concept of equality, mutual learning, dialogue, and inclusiveness, but also achieve a major transcendence over the traditional Western “self-first” development concept, the “absolute security” governance concept, and the “civilizational superiority” order concept. The Three Major Initiatives focus on the three basic pursuits of human society: material abundance, peace and stability, and spiritual enrichment. They embody China’s holistic thinking in promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, systematically answering the development question of “what kind of development concept does humanity need and how to achieve global development,” the security dilemma of “what kind of security concept does humanity need and how to achieve universal security,” and the civilizational puzzle of “what kind of civilization concept does humanity need and how to achieve exchange and mutual learning.” Thus, they make the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind more three-dimensional and its connotation richer.

作为回答世界之问、人民之问、时代之问的中国方案，“三大倡议”为推动构建人类命运共同体提供了坚实支撑。不仅彰显了发展优先的全球发展观，共同、综合、合作、可持续的全球安全观，平等、互鉴、对话、包容的全球文明观，而且完成了对传统西方“自我优先”发展观、“绝对安全”治理观、“文明优越”秩序观的重大超越。“三大倡议”聚焦人类社会物质丰富、和平稳定、精神富有三大基本追求，体现了中国推动构建人类命运共同体的整体性思维，系统回答了“人类需要什么样的发展理念、怎样实现全球发展”的发展之问，“人类需要什么样的安全理念、怎样实现普遍安全”的安全之困，“人类需要什么样的文明理念、怎样实现交流互鉴”的文明之惑，从而使人类命运共同体理念更加立体、内涵更加丰富。

(B) The Three Major Initiatives Are of One Lineage, Concretely Presenting the Chinese Solution for Jointly Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

（二）“三大倡议”一脉相承，具象化呈现了共建人类命运共同体的中国方案

Since the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind was first proposed in 2013, President Xi Jinping, addressing the worldwide problems of the “peace deficit,” “trust deficit,” “development deficit,” and “governance deficit” that have only increased, has systematically expounded the Chinese solution for building a community with a shared future for mankind on many important international occasions, expressing China’s position on promoting world common prosperity, safeguarding universal human security, and facilitating civilizational exchange and mutual learning. As a concrete presentation of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative further concretize the community with a shared future for mankind into a human development community of common prosperity, a human security community of universal security, and a human civilization community of civilizational exchange and mutual learning. The Three Major Initiatives have rigorous logic, covering many fields such as politics, economy, culture, security, and science and technology. From the three dimensions of solving global development problems, responding to global security challenges, and promoting civilizational exchange and mutual learning, they “provide new solutions to the complex governance problems of today’s world.”

自2013年首次提出人类命运共同体理念以来，习近平主席针对“和平赤字”、“信任赤字”、“发展赤字”、“治理赤字”有增无减的世界性难题，在多个重要国际场合系统阐述了构建人类命运共同体的中国方案，表达了推动世界共同繁荣、维护人类普遍安全、促进文明交流互鉴的中国立场。作为人类命运共同体理念的具象化呈现，全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议将人类命运共同体进一步具化为共同繁荣的人类发展共同体、普遍安全的人类安全共同体、文明交流互鉴的人类文明共同体。“三大倡议”逻辑严谨，涵盖政治、经济、文化、安全、科技等诸多领域，从破解全球发展难题、应对全球安全挑战、促进文明交流互鉴三大维度，“为当今世界纷繁复杂的治理难题提供了新的解决思路”。

The Global Development Initiative is committed to solving the global development dilemma of “economic globalization encountering setbacks, world economic growth lacking momentum, and unbalanced development space intensifying,” promoting the transformation of the global economic order from “zero-sum game” to win-win cooperation and common prosperity. This initiative not only proposes the long-term goal of building a global development community but also clarifies six basic principles: “adhering to development first, adhering to a people-centered approach, adhering to universal benefit and inclusiveness, adhering to innovation-driven development, adhering to harmony between humanity and nature, and adhering to an action-oriented approach.” This makes the goal of building a community with a shared future for mankind — “creating a powerful engine for common development and prosperity” — more specific. As a concrete practice of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind in the field of development, the Global Development Initiative is closely aligned with the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, committed to building a new world economic order of equality, mutual benefit, win-win cooperation, and common prosperity. Through a series of practical actions, such as establishing the Group of Friends of the Global Development Initiative, creating the Global Development and South-South Cooperation Fund, setting up the Global Development Promotion Center, and building a Global Development Knowledge Network, it pushes development issues back to the core of the international agenda, gradually putting the Chinese solution for building a community with a shared future for mankind into action.

全球发展倡议致力于破解“经济全球化遭遇波折，世界经济增长乏力，发展空间不平衡加剧”的全球发展困境，推动全球经济秩序由“零和博弈”向合作共赢、共同繁荣转变。这一倡议不仅提出了构建全球发展共同体的远景目标，而且明确了“坚持发展优先、坚持以人民为中心、坚持普惠包容、坚持创新驱动、坚持人与自然和谐共生、坚持行动导向”六项基本原则，使“打造共同发展繁荣的强劲引擎”的构建人类命运共同体目标更加具体。作为人类命运共同体理念在发展领域的具体实践，全球发展倡议与联合国2030年可持续发展议程紧密衔接，致力于构建平等互利、合作共赢、共同繁荣的世界经济新秩序。通过成立“全球发展倡议之友小组”、创设“全球发展和南南合作基金”、成立全球发展促进中心、建立全球发展知识网络等一系列务实举动，推动发展问题重回国际议程的核心，将构建人类命运共同体的中国方案逐步付诸于行动。

The Global Security Initiative is committed to building a community with a shared future for mankind characterized by universal security, and to promoting a transformation of the global governance order from hegemonic bullying to lasting peace and universal security. The principles put forward by this initiative — “upholding a vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security; respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries; abiding by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter; taking the legitimate security concerns of all countries seriously; peacefully resolving differences and disputes between countries through dialogue and consultation; and统筹维护传统领域和非传统领域安全” [7]7 The original Chinese phrase “统筹维护传统领域和非传统领域安全” is rendered here as “taking a coordinated approach to safeguarding security in both traditional and non-traditional domains,” following the standard English translation of the Global Security Initiative principles. — are highly consistent with the goal of “consolidating the common foundation of peace and security” proposed by the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind. Through a series of concrete actions, such as releasing the *Global Security Initiative Concept Paper*, fully implementing the *United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime*, facilitating the “century reconciliation” between Saudi Arabia and Iran, and actively promoting peace talks and urging a political settlement of the Ukraine crisis, China has gradually transformed the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind into a vivid practice for achieving collective security and lasting peace for humanity.

全球安全倡议致力于构建普遍安全的人类命运共同体，推动全球治理秩序由霸权欺凌向持久和平、普遍安全转变。这一倡议提出的“坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，坚持尊重各国主权、领土完整，坚持遵守联合国宪章宗旨和原则，坚持重视各国合理安全关切，坚持通过对话协商以和平方式解决国家间的分歧和争端，坚持统筹维护传统领域和非传统领域安全”，与人类命运共同体理念提出的“筑牢和平安全的共同基础”目标高度契合。通过发布《全球安全倡议概念文件》、全面落实《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》、促成沙特与伊朗的“世纪和解”、积极劝和促谈政治解决乌克兰危机等一系列具体行动，中国将人类命运共同体理念逐步转化为实现人类集体安全、永久和平的生动实践。

The Global Civilization Initiative gathers broad value consensus for building a community with a shared future for mankind, promoting a transformation of the global civilizational order from conflict and estrangement to respect, tolerance, exchange and mutual learning. This initiative proposes to “jointly advocate respect for the diversity of world civilizations, jointly advocate the promotion of the common values of all humanity, jointly advocate the importance of civilizational inheritance and innovation, and jointly advocate the strengthening of international people-to-people and cultural exchanges and cooperation,” enriching and developing the civilizational connotation of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind. As early as March 2014, President Xi Jinping systematically expounded the idea of civilizational exchange and mutual learning in a speech at the headquarters of UNESCO, which was hailed by the international community as a “new concept of civilization” and the “2014 Civilization Declaration.” The proposal of the Global Civilization Initiative has enabled this new concept of civilization to achieve a leap from concept to action. While rejecting the Western so-called “clash of civilizations” and “superiority of civilizations,” it strengthens the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, which is “to replace estrangement with exchange, clash with mutual learning, and superiority with coexistence among civilizations.” The common values of all humanity it advocates and promotes embody an overall vision for the future form of human civilization and a new order of human civilization. Through platforms such as the Boao Forum for Asia, the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations, the China-Africa Civilizations Dialogue Conference, and the China-Latin America and the Caribbean Civilizations Dialogue Forum, China’s proposals for building a global network for dialogue and cooperation among civilizations and exploring new mechanisms for civilizational dialogue have become more concrete and pragmatic.

全球文明倡议为构建人类命运共同体凝聚起广泛价值共识，推动全球文明秩序由冲突隔阂向尊重包容、交流互鉴转变。这一倡议提出，“共同倡导尊重世界文明多样性、共同倡导弘扬全人类共同价值、共同倡导重视文明传承和创新、共同倡导加强国际人文交流合作”，丰富和发展了人类命运共同体理念的文明观内涵。早在2014年3月，习近平主席就在联合国教科文组织总部演讲中系统阐述了文明交流互鉴的思想，被国际社会称为“新文明观”和“2014文明宣言”。而全球文明倡议的提出，使这一新文明观实现了从理念到行动的飞跃。在摒弃西方所谓“文明冲突论”、“文明优越论”的同时，强化了“以文明交流超越文明隔阂，以文明互鉴超越文明冲突，以文明共存超越文明优越”的人类命运共同体理念；它所倡导并弘扬的全人类共同价值，体现了对人类未来文明形态和人类文明新秩序的整体性构想。通过博鳌亚洲论坛、亚洲文明对话大会、中非文明对话大会、中拉文明对话论坛等平台，使建设全球文明对话合作网络、探索文明对话新机制等构建人类命运共同体的中国方案更加具体而务实。

II. The Global Development Initiative: Laying the Material Foundation for Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

二、全球发展倡议：为构建人类命运共同体奠定物质基础

In recent years, the growth rate of the world economy has significantly slowed down, even facing the risk of recession. The trend of anti-globalization continues to ferment, and the negative effects of unilateralism and trade protectionism are increasingly apparent, becoming a global “development deficit” that has delayed the recovery and sustainable growth of the world economy in the post-pandemic era. To solve global development challenges such as unbalanced and inadequate world economic development and the widening polarization between the rich and the poor, President Xi Jinping proposed the Global Development Initiative for building a global community of development at the general debate of the 76th Session of the United Nations General Assembly in 2021.

近年来，世界经济增速明显放缓甚至面临衰退风险，逆全球化思潮持续发酵，单边主义、贸易保护主义负面效应日益显现，成为后疫情时代迟滞世界经济复苏与可持续增长的全球性“发展赤字”。为解决世界经济发展不平衡不充分、两极分化加剧等全球发展难题，习近平主席2021年在第76届联合国大会一般性辩论上提出了构建全球发展共同体的全球发展倡议。

(I) Adhering to Development as a Priority, Laying the Material Foundation for the Common Prosperity of All Countries and the Comprehensive Development of People

（一）坚持发展优先，为实现各国共同繁荣和人的全面发展奠定物质基础

The Global Development Initiative focuses on the overall modernization of humanity, rather than the modernization of a single country or region by a few countries or economies. It centrally embodies the concept of common development — innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared — inherent in the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind. By surpassing the narrow development concept of Western-style modernization with the successful practice of Chinese-path modernization, it provides a Chinese paradigm for countries around the world to jointly overcome development difficulties and achieve the comprehensive development of people.

全球发展倡议着眼于人类的整体现代化而非少数国家或经济体的一国一域之现代化，集中体现了人类命运共同体理念蕴含的创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的共同发展观，并以中国式现代化的成功实践超越了西方式现代化的狭隘发展观，为世界各国携手走出发展困境、实现人的全面发展提供了中国范式。

1. Adhering to development as a priority, placing development at the center of the global agenda. “Development is the eternal theme of human society. The United Nations *Declaration on the Right to Development* affirms that the right to development is an inalienable human right.” Adhering to development as a priority highlights the core position of development as the eternal theme of human society. Since proposing the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind and the Belt and Road Initiative for cooperation in 2013, China has actively promoted North-South dialogue and South-South cooperation, leveraging the synergistic effects of multilateral frameworks such as the G20, BRICS, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Over the past decade, China has contributed an average of 38.6% to global economic growth and over 70% to global poverty reduction, becoming one of the main engines driving sustainable global economic growth. As a beneficial supplement to the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and a concrete manifestation of the development concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, the Global Development Initiative is committed to building a more equal and balanced global development partnership, laying a solid material foundation for the common prosperity and high-quality development of all countries.

1.坚持发展优先，将发展置于全球议程中心位置。“发展是人类社会的永恒主题。联合国《发展权利宣言》确认发展权利是一项不可剥夺的人权。”坚持发展优先，凸显了发展作为人类社会永恒主题的核心地位。自2013年提出人类命运共同体理念与“一带一路”合作倡议以来，中国积极推动南北对话与南南合作，发挥二十国集团、金砖国家、上海合作组织等多边框架的协同效应。十年间，中国对全球经济增长平均贡献率达38.6%，对全球减贫贡献率超过70%，成为推动全球经济可持续增长的主要引擎之一。作为联合国2030年可持续发展议程的有益补充和人类命运共同体理念发展观的具象呈现，全球发展倡议致力于构建更加平等均衡的全球发展伙伴关系，为实现世界各国共同繁荣和高质量发展奠定了坚实的物质基础。

2. Adhering to a people-centered approach, achieving the comprehensive development of people. Development is the key to solving various problems and achieving people’s happiness, and the fundamental goal of development is to realize the common happiness of people around the world. The Global Development Initiative takes the comprehensive development of people as its starting point and ultimate goal, further confirming the people-centered core concept of human rights. It not only highlights the value concept of “development for the people, development relying on the people, and development achievements shared by the people,” but also embodies the responsibility of a major country to “benefit not only the Chinese people but also the people of the world.” On the one hand, this initiative adheres to the people-centered development thought, successfully avoiding the modernization trap caused by Western countries’ pursuit of “capital supremacy.” On the other hand, the “comprehensive development of people” emphasized by this initiative breaks through the narrow development concept of “country first” in Western countries. It not only reflects the development goal of a community with a shared future for mankind to promote the common prosperity of all countries, but also consistently focuses on the development theme of the people of all countries yearning for a better life, so that the fruits of global development can truly and fairly benefit the people of all countries.

2.坚持以人民为中心，实现人的全面发展。发展是破解各种难题、实现人民幸福的关键，而发展的根本目标是实现世界人民共同幸福。全球发展倡议以人的全面发展作为出发点和落脚点，进一步确认了以人民为中心的核心人权理念，既彰显了“发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享”的价值理念，更体现了“不仅造福中国人民，而且造福世界人民”的大国担当。一方面，这一倡议坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，成功规避了西方国家追求“资本至上”造成的现代化陷阱；另一方面，这一倡议所强调的“实现人的全面发展”，突破了西方国家“本国至上”的狭隘发展观，不仅体现了人类命运共同体推动各国共同繁荣的发展目标，而且始终聚焦世界各国人民对美好生活的向往这一发展主题，使全球发展成果真正公平公正地惠及各国人民。

3. Adhering to universal benefit and inclusiveness, committed to solving the problem of unbalanced and inadequate global development. Unbalanced development is the biggest imbalance in the world today, and the root cause of development problems is the unbalanced old international economic order. The current world economic order has entered a new period of turbulence and transformation, with the North-South gap continuing to widen and the polarization between rich and poor among different social classes becoming increasingly severe. How to properly handle the relationship between fairness and efficiency, growth and distribution, concerns the balanced and coordinated development of the global economy. The Global Development Initiative focuses on the common interests of all humanity, responds to the universal calls of developing countries, and is committed to solving the problem of unbalanced and inadequate global development. The principles it emphasizes, such as mutual benefit and win-win, universal benefit and balance, coordination and inclusiveness, and common development, not only reflect China’s responsibility and commitment to promoting a new world economic order and achieving balanced, inclusive, and win-win development for all countries, but also provide an action guide for eliminating the global development deficit and bridging the North-South development gap.

3.坚持普惠包容，致力于解决全球发展不平衡不充分难题。发展不平衡是当今世界最大的不平衡，而发展问题的根源是不平衡的国际经济旧秩序。当今世界经济秩序进入新的动荡变革期，南北鸿沟持续扩大，不同社会阶层贫富分化日趋严重。如何处理好公平与效率、增长与分配之间的关系，事关全球经济的平衡发展、协调发展。全球发展倡议聚焦全人类共同利益，回应广大发展中国家的普遍呼声，致力于解决全球发展不平衡不充分问题，它所强调的互利共赢、普惠平衡、协调包容、共同发展等原则，不仅体现了中国推动构建世界经济新秩序、实现世界各国均衡普惠共赢发展的责任担当，而且为消解全球发展赤字、弥合南北发展鸿沟提供了行动指南。

(II) Adhering to an Action-Oriented Approach, Injecting Technological Momentum and Green Impetus into Building a Global Community of Development

（二）坚持行动导向，为构建全球发展命运共同体注入科技动能和绿色动力

The Global Development Initiative regards all countries in the world as a development community sharing weal and woe, transcending the narrow perspectives of “Western-centrism” and “self-first.” On the one hand, it adheres to a scientific and technological concept of deep participation in global science and technology governance and an ecological concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, providing a technological engine and green impetus for building a global community of development. On the other hand, it adheres to an action-oriented approach, contributing an original concept of the international economic order to the elimination of the Western-dependent world economic system and the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind.

全球发展倡议将世界各国视为休戚与共的发展共同体，超越了“西方中心论”、“自我优先论”的狭隘视角。一方面，坚持深度参与全球科技治理的科技观、人与自然和谐共生的生态观，为构建全球发展共同体提供了科技引擎和绿色动力；另一方面，坚持行动导向，为消解西方依附型世界经济体系、构建人类命运共同体贡献了具有原创性意义的国际经济秩序观。

1. Adhere to innovation-driven development, providing a technological engine for global common development. Currently, Western developed countries such as Europe and the United States, in order to maintain their technological lead and monopoly position, have cobbled together so-called “technology alliances,” frequently erecting exclusionary “walls and barriers” in the technological field, which has further deepened the global technology gap and digital divide. To this end, the Global Development Initiative advocates abandoning the mindset of technological nationalism and digital protectionism, strengthening technological cooperation to break down technical barriers and bridge the digital divide, creating an open, fair, just, and non-discriminatory environment for technological development, and injecting digital momentum into the leapfrog development of countries around the world. To further implement the Global Development Initiative and promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, the report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC proposed “accelerating the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy.” In recent years, China has seized the opportunities of the new round of technological revolution, and on the basis of achieving high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology, has actively researched and developed a global sustainable development big data system, promoted the co-building of a collaborative observation network for global sustainable development goals, and injected strong technological momentum into the sustainable growth of the global digital economy.

1.坚持创新驱动，为全球共同发展提供科技引擎。当前，欧美等西方发达国家为维持其科技领先及垄断地位而拼凑所谓“科技联盟”，频频在科技领域排他性地“筑墙设垒”，导致全球科技鸿沟、数字鸿沟进一步加深。为此，全球发展倡议主张摒弃科技民族主义、数字保护主义思维，以加强科技合作打破技术壁垒、消弭数字鸿沟，打造开放、公平、公正、非歧视的科技发展环境，为世界各国实现跨越式发展注入数字动能。为进一步落实全球发展倡议、推动构建人类命运共同体，党的二十大报告提出“加快实施创新驱动发展战略”。近年来，中国抢抓新一轮科技革命机遇，在实现高水平科技自立自强的基础上，积极研发全球可持续发展大数据系统，推动共建全球可持续发展目标协同观测网络，为全球数字经济可持续增长注入强劲的科技动能。

2. Adhere to the harmonious coexistence of humanity and nature, and build a community of life for humanity and nature. The harmonious coexistence of humanity and nature is an important principle of the Global Development Initiative, reflecting the dialectical unity of world economic development and ecological environmental protection. Building a community of life for humanity and nature will completely reverse the long-standing state of confrontation between humanity and nature that has existed since the Western Industrial Revolution, thereby achieving a genuine reconciliation between humanity and nature. As the initiator of the Belt and Road Initiative and the Global Development Initiative, China actively responds to the challenges of global environmental governance and climate change, and promotes the building of an open, multi-level global ecological and environmental governance mechanism. To actively respond to global climate change and promote green development and green transformation, China, together with 29 countries, launched the Belt and Road Initiative Green Development Partnership, and proactively set the “3060” target of “achieving carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060,” providing key momentum for building a sustainable community of life for humanity and nature.

2.坚持人与自然和谐共生，构建人与自然生命共同体。人与自然和谐共生是全球发展倡议的重要原则，体现了世界经济发展与生态环境保护的辩证统一。构建人与自然命运共同体，将彻底扭转自西方工业革命以来人与自然的长期对抗状态，从而实现人与自然的真正和解。作为“一带一路”合作倡议和全球发展倡议的发起者，中国积极应对全球环境治理和气候变化难题，推动构建开放性、多层次全球生态环境治理机制。为积极应对全球气候变化、推动绿色发展和绿色转型，中国与29个国家共同发起“一带一路”绿色发展伙伴关系倡议，并主动设置“2030年前达到碳达峰、2060年前实现碳中和”的“3060”目标，为构建可持续发展的人与自然命运共同体提供关键动力。

3. Adhere to an action-oriented approach, promoting the building of a global development community. The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC emphasized that China is willing to work with the international community to implement the Global Development Initiative, further transforming this initiative from a concept into concrete actions to promote the building of a global development community. As a “contributor to global development,” China deeply implements the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, deepens global development partnerships under the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative, and while ensuring the stable and smooth operation of global industrial and supply chains, injects strong momentum into the recovery and balanced, full development of the world economy in the post-pandemic era. The Global Development Initiative is a global development roadmap with a complete plan, concepts, and implementation areas, and has received positive responses from over 100 countries and many international organizations, including the United Nations. The “Group of Friends of the Global Development Initiative” initiated by China at the United Nations has put forward a series of measures, such as promoting special actions for food production, promoting the building of global clean energy partnerships, and initiating the establishment of the World Digital Education Alliance, making the vision of a community with a shared future for mankind embodied in this initiative more pragmatic and concrete. Currently, nearly 70 countries have joined the “Group of Friends of the Global Development Initiative.” The ministerial meeting of the “Group of Friends of the Global Development Initiative” released a project library for the Global Development Initiative, and the first batch of 50 lists of practical cooperation projects is being actively advanced; among the 32 practical measures listed in the “Outcome List of the High-Level Dialogue on Global Development” released in June 2022, more than half have been implemented and achieved early results.

3.坚持行动导向，推动构建全球发展共同体。党的二十大报告强调，中国愿与国际社会共同落实全球发展倡议，将这一倡议由理念进一步转化为推动构建全球发展共同体的具体行动。作为“全球发展的贡献者”，中国深入落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程，深化“一带一路”合作倡议框架下的全球发展合作伙伴关系，在确保全球产业链、供应链稳定畅通的同时，为后疫情时代的世界经济复苏与平衡充分发展注入了强劲动能。全球发展倡议是有着完整计划、理念和实施领域的全球发展路线图，并得到了100多个国家和包括联合国在内的诸多国际组织的积极响应。中国在联合国发起成立的“全球发展之友倡议小组”，提出了促进粮食生产专项行动、推动构建全球清洁能源合作伙伴关系、发起成立世界数字教育联盟等一系列举措，使这一倡议蕴含的人类命运共同体理念更加务实化、具体化。当前已有近70个国家加入“全球发展倡议之友小组”。“全球发展倡议之友小组”部长级会议发布了全球发展倡议项目库，首批50个务实合作项目清单正积极推进；2022年6月发布的《全球发展高层对话会成果清单》，其中32项务实举措已实施过半并取得早期成果。

III. The Global Security Initiative: Pursuing Lasting Peace and Universal Security, Injecting More Stability into the Building of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

三、全球安全倡议：追求持久和平与普遍安全，为构建人类命运共同体注入更多稳定性

In his keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2022, President Xi Jinping proposed the Global Security Initiative, guided by a new vision of security, taking indivisible security as an important principle, and taking the building of a security community as a long-term goal. This initiative focuses on common security challenges for humanity, such as “what kind of security concept the world needs and how countries can achieve common security,” advocates replacing bullying and high-handedness with mutual respect, transcending the “law of the jungle” with fairness and justice, eliminating confrontation and conflict with mutual trust and consultation, and dissolving camp confrontation with openness and inclusiveness. While transcending Western geopolitical security theories and the logic of “zero-sum game,” it provides a Chinese solution for solving the peace deficit of humanity, responding to global security challenges, and building a universally secure community with a shared future for mankind.

在2022年博鳌亚洲论坛开幕式主旨演讲中，习近平主席提出了以新型安全观为理念指引、以安全不可分割为重要原则、以构建安全共同体为长远目标的全球安全倡议。这一倡议聚焦“世界需要什么样的安全理念、各国怎样实现共同安全”等人类共同安全难题，主张以相互尊重取代霸凌霸道、以公平正义超越“丛林法则”、以互信协商消弭对抗冲突、以开放包容消解阵营对抗，在超越西方地缘安全理论、“零和博弈”逻辑的同时，为破解人类和平赤字、应对全球安全挑战、构建普遍安全的人类命运共同体提供了中国方案。

(I) Adhere to the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security, and promote the building of an inclusive global governance system

（一）坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，推动构建包容性全球治理体系

After the modern Industrial Revolution, European powers represented by Britain were keen on militarism and alternating hegemony, attempting to shape a hierarchical world system based on the so-called “law of the jungle.” After the Second World War, regional conflicts and local wars involving Western countries such as the United States occurred one after another. The history of capitalist development since modern times shows that the Western world security concept, based on the logic of “capital supremacy” and emphasizing so-called “absolute security,” runs counter to the aspirations of people of all countries for peaceful development and a better life. Influenced by Cold War mentality and hegemonism, the era theme of peace and development faces severe challenges, and the world is neither peaceful nor tranquil. The Global Security Initiative proposed by China is undoubtedly a new type of international security concept that lifts the hypocritical veil of the Western so-called “absolute security” and finds a way out of the global security dilemma.

近代工业革命以后，以英国为代表的欧洲列强热衷于穷兵黩武、交替争霸，并试图塑造基于所谓“丛林法则”的等级性世界体系。第二次世界大战以后，由美国等西方国家介入的地区冲突和局部战争此起彼伏。近代以来的资本主义发展史表明，西方基于“资本至上”逻辑、强调所谓“绝对安全”的世界安全理念，与各国人民对和平发展美好生活的向往是背道而驰的。受冷战思维和霸权主义影响，和平与发展的时代主题面临严峻挑战，世界既不太平也不安宁。而中国提出的全球安全倡议，无疑是揭开西方所谓“绝对安全”虚伪面纱、走出全球安全困境的新型国际安全观。

1. On the premise of fully respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries, advocate that different development paths “let a hundred flowers bloom” and that different social systems coexist inclusively. The Global Security Initiative respects the development paths and social systems independently chosen by countries around the world, emphasizes the fairness, justice, and inclusiveness of the global governance system, and advocates building a balanced, effective, and sustainable security architecture. The vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security it upholds is not only a sublation and transcendence of the Western international security concept based on Cold War mentality and group politics, but also an important concept guiding the international community to solve human security problems and maintain world peace and tranquility. Looking at the historical process of human society, the coexistence and common prosperity of the world require mutual respect and tolerance among countries, not mutual belittlement and exclusion. The root cause of civilizational conflicts and the destruction of world security order is not the difference between Eastern and Western civilizations, but the “self-exaltation” of the Western hegemonic system and the “exclusionary closure” of the economic system. Only by respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries, jointly maintaining world peace and security, and promoting the coexistence and common prosperity of different development paths and different social systems can the common security problems facing humanity be ultimately solved.

1.在充分尊重各国主权、领土完整的前提下，倡导不同发展道路“百花齐放”、不同社会制度包容共处。全球安全倡议尊重世界各国自主选择的发展道路和社会制度，强调全球治理体系的公平公正和包容性，主张构建均衡、有效、可持续的安全架构。它所坚持的共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，既是对西方基于冷战思维、集团政治国际安全观的扬弃和超越，也是引领国际社会破解人类安全难题、维护世界和平安宁的重要理念。纵观人类社会历史进程，世界的共存共荣需要各国彼此尊重包容而非相互贬低排斥。导致文明冲突、破坏世界安全秩序的根源不是东西方文明差异，而是西方霸权体系的“唯我独尊”与经济体系的“排他封闭”。只有尊重世界各国主权和领土完整，共同维护世界和平与安全，推动不同发展道路、不同社会制度并存共荣，才能最终解决人类共同面临的安全难题。

2. Advocate strengthening dialogue and consultation, and resolving differences and disputes between countries by peaceful means. After the end of the Second World War, the international situation has been volatile, regional conflicts have occurred one after another, and “black swan” and “gray rhino” events have become increasingly frequent. Western countries represented by the United States often resort to force and armed conflict, and their so-called “absolute security theory” based on their own security has given rise to a series of backlash effects, seriously undermining the international order while exacerbating the global security governance deficit. History and reality have repeatedly proven that the fundamental way to resolve disputes and differences is not war and sanctions, but dialogue and consultation based on equality. The Global Security Initiative advocates building mutual trust through dialogue, resolving disputes through dialogue, and promoting security through dialogue, opposing the abuse of unilateral sanctions and “long-arm jurisdiction.” In recent local wars and regional conflicts in recent years, China has advocated political solutions to regional crises and international hot-spot issues, making positive contributions to promoting peace talks and turning swords into plowshares, demonstrating its responsibility as a major country as a “builder of world peace and defender of the international order.” The joint statement issued by China, Saudi Arabia, and Iran in Beijing on the resumption of diplomatic relations between Saudi Arabia and Iran is not only a successful example of resolving contradictions and differences through dialogue and consultation, but also fully demonstrates the practical value of the Global Security Initiative.

2.主张加强对话协商，以和平方式解决国家间的分歧和争端。第二次世界大战结束以后，国际局势波谲云诡，地区冲突此起彼伏，“黑天鹅”、“灰犀牛”事件日益频密。以美国为代表的西方国家动辄诉诸武力、兵戎相见，其基于自身安全的所谓“绝对安全论”催生出一系列反噬效应，在严重破坏国际秩序的同时加剧了全球安全治理赤字。历史和现实一再证明，解决争端、化解分歧的根本之道不是战争和制裁，而是建立在平等基础之上的对话和协商。全球安全倡议主张以对话建立互信、以对话化解纷争、以对话促进安全，反对滥用单边制裁和“长臂管辖”。在近年来的局部战争和地区冲突中，中国主张政治解决地区危机和国际热点问题，为劝和促谈、化干戈为玉帛做出了积极贡献，展现了作为“世界和平的建设者、国际秩序的维护者”的大国担当。中国、沙特、伊朗三方在北京发表恢复沙伊双方外交关系的联合声明，既是以对话协商化解矛盾分歧的成功典范，也充分彰显了全球安全倡议的实践价值。

(II) Build an indivisible human security community, and promote the realization of lasting peace and universal security

（二）构建不可分割的人类安全共同体，推动实现持久和平与普遍安全

The Global Security Initiative regards humanity as an indivisible security community. The global governance vision of “extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits” that it advocates is committed to maintaining the sustainable security of the world order; it upholds a correct view of righteousness and benefit that “takes both righteousness and benefit into account, and puts righteousness first,” dedicated to resolving the global governance deficit and the peace deficit; it promotes the building of a balanced, effective, and sustainable security architecture, committed to safeguarding lasting peace and universal security in the world.

全球安全倡议将人类视为不可分割的安全共同体，它所倡导的“共商共建共享”的全球治理观，致力于维护世界秩序的可持续安全；坚持“义利兼顾、以义为先”的正确义利观，致力于消解全球治理赤字、和平赤字；推动构建均衡、有效、可持续的安全架构，致力于维护世界的持久和平、普遍安全。

1. The Global Security Initiative emphasizes that humanity is an indivisible security community. All countries in the world are a community of shared destiny, sharing honor and disgrace and equal security interests. There is neither a so-called “absolute security” built on the insecurity of other countries, nor a “Western-style” security in which one’s own security is separated from common security, traditional security from non-traditional security, security rights from security obligations, and security from development. The four “principles of indivisibility” advocated by the Global Security Initiative systematically reveal the essential characteristics of international security. They not only embody China’s responsibility as a major country in upholding international fairness and justice and promoting world peace and stability, but also represent a sublation and transcendence of Western viewpoints such as the “Thucydides Trap” and the “Kindleberger Trap.” [1]1 “Changes unseen in a century” (百年未有之大变局): A formulation used by the CPC to describe the current era of profound global transformation, encompassing shifts in the international balance of power, technological revolution, and geopolitical realignments. It advocates that all countries in the world should jointly uphold a systematic security mindset of universal security and common security, and, within the framework of the United Nations, build consensus through dialogue, resolve disputes through peaceful means, and promote common development through win-win cooperation.

1.全球安全倡议强调人类是不可分割的安全共同体。世界各国是荣辱与共、安全利益彼此平等的命运共同体，既不存在建立在他国不安全基础之上的所谓“绝对安全”，也不存在自身安全与共同安全、传统安全与非传统安全、安全权利与安全义务、安全与发展相互割裂的“西方式”安全。全球安全倡议倡导的四个“不可分割原则”，系统揭示了国际安全的本质特征，既体现了中国维护国际公平正义、促进世界和平稳定的大国担当，也是对“修昔底德陷阱”、“金德尔伯格陷阱”等西方观点的扬弃与超越。主张世界各国应共同坚持普遍安全、共同安全的系统安全思维，并在联合国框架下以对话方式凝聚共识、以和平方式解决争端、以合作共赢促进共同发展。

2. The Global Security Initiative is committed to promoting lasting peace and universal security. As a holistic conception of the vision of a community with a shared future for mankind in the field of international security, the Global Security Initiative aims to build an indivisible security community. It advocates a new path to security characterized by dialogue rather than confrontation, partnership rather than alliance, and win-win rather than zero-sum, providing an important action guide for building a world of lasting peace and universal security. As a “builder of world peace,” China is not only the only country in the world that has enshrined “adhering to the path of peaceful development” in its constitution, but also, after first proposing the Global Security Initiative, subsequently released the *Global Security Initiative Concept Paper* in February 2023. This concept paper lists 20 key areas of cooperation in response to the most prominent international security concerns, designing and providing a systematic approach to solving global security challenges, and demonstrating China’s responsibility as a major country in safeguarding global security and maintaining world peace.

2.全球安全倡议致力于推动实现持久和平与普遍安全。作为人类命运共同体理念在国际安全领域的整体性构想，全球安全倡议以构建不可分割的安全共同体为目标，主张走对话而不对抗、结伴而不结盟、共赢而非零和的新型安全之路，为建设持久和平、普遍安全的世界提供了重要行动指南。作为“世界和平的建设者”，中国不仅是世界上唯一将“坚持和平发展道路”载入宪法的国家，而且继首先提出全球安全倡议后，于2023年2月后续发布了《全球安全倡议概念文件》。该概念文件针对当前最突出的国际安全关切列出20项重点合作方向，为解决全球安全难题设计并提供系统思路，彰显了中国守护全球安全、维护世界和平的大国担当。

IV. The Global Civilization Initiative: Promoting the Common Values of All Humanity and Consolidating Broad Value Consensus for Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

四、全球文明倡议：弘扬全人类共同价值，为构建人类命运共同体凝聚广泛价值共识

In his keynote speech at the CPC in Dialogue with World Political Parties High-Level Meeting in 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping first proposed the Global Civilization Initiative. The value concept of a community with a shared future for mankind embedded in this initiative differs from the so-called “human value community” of the West. As a decolonizing response to civilizational conflict, the Global Civilization Initiative transcends the Western “clash of civilizations” theory, which is based on the interests of a single country or nation. [2]2 “The end of history” (文明终结): A reference to Francis Fukuyama’s thesis that liberal democracy represents the endpoint of humanity’s sociocultural evolution, here contrasted with China’s advocacy of civilizational exchange. The common values of all humanity that it promotes are built on the foundation of common prosperity for all countries and universal security in the world. This is not only an extension and supplement to the Global Development Initiative and the Global Security Initiative, but also a high-level distillation of the vision of a community with a shared future for mankind’s concept of exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations. It not only proposes a dialogic civilizational approach to consolidating the value consensus for common development and universal security of humanity, but also provides value guidance and an action guide for opposing Western civilizational hegemony and building a community with a shared future for mankind.

习近平主席在2023年中国共产党与世界政党高层对话会主旨讲话中，首次提出全球文明倡议。这一倡议蕴含的人类命运共同体价值理念，有别于西方的所谓“人类价值共同体”。作为一种去殖民化的文明冲突应对方案，全球文明倡议超越了对西方基于单一国家或民族利益的“文明冲突论”。它所弘扬的全人类共同价值，建立在各国共同繁荣、世界普遍安全的基础之上，既是对全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议的延伸与补充，也是对人类命运共同体理念文明交流互鉴观的高度凝练。不仅为凝聚人类共同发展、普遍安全的价值共识提出了对话式文明思路，而且为反对西方文明霸权、构建人类命运共同体提供了价值指引和行动指南。

(I) Respecting the Diversity of World Civilizations, Proposing a Dialogic Civilizational Approach for the Convergent Development of Different Civilizations

（一）尊重世界文明多样性，提出了不同文明相向发展的对话式文明思路

In the process of the evolution and development of human civilization, the major civilizations of the world have formed a series of ethical norms such as “equality, openness, and inclusiveness” through “contact-dialogue-integration.” However, upon entering the era of industrial civilization, Western civilization, occupying a position of first-mover advantage, pursued a hegemonic mindset of “exalting the singular and unipolar,” carrying out cultural colonization and even cultural genocide against so-called “heterogeneous civilizations” in a weaker position, forcing weaker civilizations to choose between accepting the “universality of civilization” and adhering to the “particularity of civilization.” The renowned British historian Arnold Toynbee once used the phrase “challenge and response” to describe this unequal mode of civilizational interaction. [3]3 “The Belt and Road cooperation initiative” (一带一路合作倡议): China’s global infrastructure and economic development strategy, launched in 2013, focusing on connectivity and cooperation across Asia, Europe, Africa, and beyond. The Global Civilization Initiative respects the diversity of world civilizations and advocates exchanges and mutual learning among different civilizations. It inherits and develops the Chinese nation’s open concept of inclusiveness and embracing all rivers, the value inheritance of the strong not bullying the weak, and the spiritual pursuit of a world of great harmony (天下大同), opening up a new dialogic civilizational path for the mutual understanding and affinity of peoples and for exchanges and mutual learning among different civilizations.

在人类文明的发展演进过程中，世界各大文明体在“接触—对话—融合”中形成了“平等、开放、包容”等一系列伦理准则。然而，进入工业文明时代后，处于先发优势地位的西方文明奉行“独尊单极”的霸权思维，对处于弱势的所谓“异质文明体”进行文化殖民，甚至文化灭绝，迫使弱势文明不得不在接受“文明普遍性”与坚守“文明个性”之间做出抉择。英国著名历史学家汤因比曾以“挑战与应战”来形容这种不对等的文明互动模式。全球文明倡议尊重世界文明多样性、倡导不同文明交流互鉴，继承和发展了中华民族兼收并蓄、海纳百川的开放理念、强不执弱的价值传承、天下大同的精神追求，开辟了一条各国人民相知相亲、不同文明交流互鉴的对话式文明新道路。

1. Jointly advocating respect for the diversity of world civilizations enriches the civilizational implications of the vision of a community with a shared future for mankind. Based on inherent differences in social systems, cultural traditions, etc., different civilizations exhibit distinct national temperaments and vivid characteristics, embodying the extraordinary wisdom and spiritual pursuits of a country or nation. Narrow views of civilization with distinct capitalist ideological overtones, such as the “clash of civilizations” theory, subjectively and deliberately amplify and “absolutize” objectively existing civilizational differences, viewing them as the root of civilizational opposition, conflict, and fragmentation, as if the only possible future for humanity is “clash of civilizations.” In fact, civilizational differences are by no means the root of conflict. The objective differences existing between different civilizations should not become obstacles to the common development of all countries in the world, let alone barriers to lasting peace and universal security for humanity. In a sense, it is precisely because “heterogeneous civilizations” have repeatedly moved from divergent conflicts to dialogue and reconciliation that human civilization has been able to flourish in a hundred flowers blooming and a splendid array. The view of civilization of equality, mutual learning, dialogue, and inclusiveness proposed by the Global Civilization Initiative breaks out of the narrow context of the Western “clash of civilizations” theory and “civilizational superiority” theory. It embodies the profound thinking of the vision of a community with a shared future for mankind, which holds that “civilizational exchanges transcend civilizational estrangement, civilizational mutual learning transcends civilizational conflict, and civilizational inclusiveness transcends civilizational superiority,” and depicts a new picture of human civilization with multiple modernities through the successful practice of Chinese-path modernization.

1.共同倡导尊重世界文明多样性，丰富了人类命运共同体理念的文明意蕴。基于社会制度、文化传统等先天差异，不同文明呈现出不同的民族气质与鲜明个性，凝聚着一个国家或民族的非凡智慧和精神追求。“文明冲突论”等带有鲜明资本主义意识形态色彩的狭隘文明观，主观上刻意将客观存在的文明差异放大并“绝对化”，将之视为文明对立、冲突、割裂的根源，人类的未来似乎只有“文明冲突”唯一结局。事实上，文明差异决非冲突的根源。不同文明之间存在的客观差异，不应成为世界各国共同发展的障碍，更不应成为人类持久和平、普遍安全的藩篱。从某种意义上说，正是由于“异质文明”一次次从分歧冲突走向对话和解，人类文明才得以百花齐放、精彩纷呈。而全球文明倡议提出的平等、互鉴、对话、包容的文明观，跳出了西方“文明冲突论”、“文明优越论”等狭隘语境，体现了人类命运共同体理念“以文明交流超越文明隔阂，以文明互鉴超越文明冲突，以文明包容超越文明优越”的深邃思考，并以中国式现代化的成功实践描绘出多元现代性的人类文明崭新图景。

2. Jointly advocating strengthening international people-to-people and cultural exchanges and cooperation, promoting the building of a global network for inter-civilizational dialogue. “Deepening people-to-people and cultural exchanges and mutual learning is an important way to dissolve estrangement and misunderstanding and promote mutual understanding and affinity among peoples.” In the process of dialogue and exchange with different civilizations, learning from the experiences and achievements of the other side is conducive to better examining oneself and drawing spiritual impetus for civilizational renewal. The most creative and vibrant eras of human civilization are often precisely those when dialogue between different civilizations is most active. Ancient Greece’s revival from the “Dark Ages” was inseparable from its absorption and reference to Eastern civilizations; the success of the European Enlightenment in emerging from the “Dark Middle Ages” was not unrelated to the admiration of Enlightenment thinkers like Voltaire and Diderot for ancient Chinese sages such as Confucius. [4]4 “The Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative” (全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议): Three sets of proposals put forward by President Xi Jinping in 2021, 2022, and 2023 respectively, addressing global development, security, and civilizational dialogue. The Global Civilization Initiative advocates building a global network for inter-civilizational dialogue, and proposes drawing nourishment from different civilizations, learning from each other’s strengths to compensate for weaknesses, and jointly addressing development and security challenges concerning the common future of humanity, making civilizational exchanges and mutual learning a spiritual driving force for the progress of human society.

2.共同倡导加强国际人文交流合作，推动构建全球文明对话网络。“深化人文交流互鉴是消解隔阂和误解、促进民心相知相通的重要途径”。在与不同文明的对话交流中借鉴对方的经验成就，有利于更好地审视自身并汲取文明更新的精神动力。人类文明最具创造性且充满活力的时代，往往正是不同文明间对话最为活跃的时代。古希腊从“黑暗时代”走向文明复兴，离不开对东方文明的吸收与借鉴；欧洲思想启蒙运动之所以成功走出“黑暗的中世纪”，与伏尔泰、狄德罗等启蒙思想家对孔子等中国古代先哲的推崇不无关联。全球文明倡议倡导构建全球文明对话网络，并主张从不同文明中汲取营养、取长补短，携手解决事关人类共同前途命运的发展与安全难题，使文明交流互鉴成为推动人类社会进步的精神动力。

(II) Promoting the Common Values of All Humanity and Consolidating Broad Value Consensus for Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

（二）弘扬全人类共同价值，为构建人类命运共同体凝聚广泛价值共识

The new type of civilizational view of equality, mutual learning, dialogue, and inclusiveness advocated by the Global Civilization Initiative realizes the innovative development and global transformation of traditional Chinese civilizational views such as “harmony in diversity and peace among all nations” (和而不同、协和万邦), reflecting China’s intellectual contribution to the future of human civilization. The common values of all humanity promoted by this initiative are highly consistent with the civilizational view of the vision of a community with a shared future for mankind, consolidating broad value consensus for creating a new form of human civilization and reshaping a new order of human civilization.

全球文明倡议倡导的平等、互鉴、对话、包容的新型文明观，实现了“和而不同、协和万邦”等中华传统文明观的创新性发展和全球性转化，体现了中国对于人类文明未来的思想贡献。这一倡议所弘扬的全人类共同价值与人类命运共同体理念的文明观高度契合，为创造人类文明新形态、重塑人类文明新秩序凝聚广泛的价值共识。

1. Jointly advocating the promotion of the common values of all humanity is fundamentally different from the so-called “universal values” in which the West revels in “civilizational conquest.” Among different forms of civilization based on different social systems, cultural traditions, and development models, the relationship is not one of brutal competition according to the “law of the jungle” as viewed from the Western perspective, but rather a relationship of coexistence, symbiosis, exchange, and mutual learning among multiple forms of civilization in which “you have me and I have you.” The Global Civilization Initiative advocates transcending the narrow category of the “nation-state,” forging closer civilizational partnerships, and promoting the construction of a broader community with a shared future for mankind based on the common interests of all humanity and the extensive connections among different civilizations. The common values of all humanity—peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy, and freedom—promoted by this initiative aim to break down the ideological barriers and spiritual estrangement that hinder human interaction, maximize the convergence of value consensus among all countries in jointly building a community with a shared future for mankind, and, within the framework of a community with a shared future for mankind, solve the common development challenges of humanity and share the fruits of human civilizational progress.

1.共同倡导弘扬全人类共同价值，与西方沉醉于“文明征服”的所谓“普世价值”有着本质区别。基于不同社会制度、文化传统、发展模式的不同文明形态之间，并非西方视域中依据“丛林法则”的野蛮竞争关系，而是“你中有我、我中有你”的多种文明形态并存共生、交流互鉴的关系。全球文明倡议主张超越狭隘的“民族国家”范畴，打造联系更为紧密的文明伙伴关系，推动构建基于全人类共同利益、以不同文明间广泛联系为基础的更大范围的人类命运共同体。这一倡议所弘扬的“和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由”的全人类共同价值，旨在打破阻碍人类交往的思想壁垒和精神隔阂，最大限度地凝聚起世界各国共建人类命运共同体的价值共识，并在人类命运共同体框架下解决人类共同发展难题、共享人类文明进步成果。

2. Jointly advocating the emphasis on civilizational inheritance and innovation, promoting the principle that different forms of civilization should “each appreciate their own beauty, and share the beauty of all.” The Global Civilization Initiative, which leads different civilizations from confrontation and conflict toward “sharing the beauty of all,” while inheriting and developing Chinese civilization, also takes into account the overall interests of all humanity, manifesting the global vision and value pursuit of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind. This initiative focuses on the common values of all humanity and proposes a series of codes of conduct, such as “emphasizing civilizational inheritance and innovation, and strengthening international人文 exchange and cooperation.” It not only represents a subversive reconstruction of the Western exclusive paradigm of civilizational interaction but also opens up space for innovation in benign competition and mutual promotion between different systems and ideologies. While transcending differences in ideology, social systems, nation-states, and forms of civilization, it provides an effective strategy for correctly handling differences between Eastern and Western civilizations and points the direction for resolving the dilemmas of human civilizational development and reconstructing a new order for human civilization.

2.共同倡导重视文明传承和创新，促进不同文明形态的“各美其美、美美与共”。引领不同文明从对抗冲突走向“美美与共”的全球文明倡议，在传承发展中华文明的同时兼顾全人类整体利益，彰显了人类命运共同体理念的天下情怀与价值追求。这一倡议聚焦全人类共同价值，提出了“重视文明传承与创新、加强国际人文交流合作”等一系列行为准则，既是对西方排他性文明交往范式的颠覆性重构，也为不同制度、不同意识形态的良性竞争与互促共进打开了创新空间。在超越意识形态、社会制度、民族国家、文明形态差异的同时，为正确处理东西方文明差异提供了有效方略，为破解人类文明发展困境、重构人类文明新秩序指明了发展方向。

Since President Xi Jinping first proposed the initiative of building a community with a shared future for mankind to the international community in 2013, the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind advocated by China has won increasingly broad international consensus. It has gradually become a new plan for boosting global economic momentum and achieving common prosperity for all countries, a new approach for promoting the transformation of the global governance system and achieving universal security in the world, and a new paradigm for strengthening civilizational exchange and mutual learning and realizing the “sharing of the beauty of all” among different civilizations. This concept not only embodies the historical initiative spirit of the Communist Party of China in “seeking happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation” but also, through a three-dimensional conception of promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind and a series of action plans, manifests the global vision of “seeking progress for humanity and common good for the world.”

自2013年习近平主席面向国际社会首次提出构建人类命运共同体倡议以来，中国倡导的人类命运共同体理念赢得了越来越广泛的国际共识，逐渐成为提振全球经济动能、实现各国共同繁荣的新方案，推动全球治理体系变革、实现世界普遍安全的新思路，加强文明交流互鉴、实现不同文明“美美与共”的新范式。这一理念既体现了中国共产党“为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴”的历史主动精神，更以推动构建人类命运共同体的立体化构想和一系列行动方案彰显了“为人类谋进步、为世界谋大同”的天下情怀。

The concept of a community with a shared future for mankind is by no means an empty rhetoric of “transmitting rather than creating,”[13]13 A reference to the Confucian ideal of transmitting ancient wisdom without creating new doctrines, as stated in the Analects: “I transmit but do not create.” nor has it ever been a “pie-in-the-sky diplomacy” of Western-style “bloc solidarity.” As an important public good that China contributes to the world to promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative profoundly reshape the global economic order, governance order, and civilizational order from the three dimensions of the outlook on development, the outlook on security, and the outlook on civilization, respectively, enriching and developing the value system and scientific connotation of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind. The common values of all humanity promoted by the “Three Major Initiatives,” while transcending the Western so-called “universal values,” embody the dialectical unity of universality and particularity. They not only make the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind a guide to action that conforms to the laws of human historical development and meets the people of the world’s aspiration for a better life but also inject the greatest certainty into promoting the construction of a new type of international order characterized by common prosperity, universal security, and civilizational exchange and mutual learning.

人类命运共同体理念绝非“述而不作”的空洞说辞，也从来不是西方“抱团站队”的“画饼外交”。作为中国为推动构建人类命运共同体而向世界贡献的重要公共产品，全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议分别从发展观、安全观、文明观三大维度，对全球经济秩序、治理秩序、文明秩序进行了深刻重塑，丰富与发展了人类命运共同体理念的价值体系与科学内涵。“三大倡议”所弘扬的全人类共同价值在超越西方所谓“普世价值”的同时，体现了普遍性与特殊性的辩证统一关系，不仅使人类命运共同体理念成为符合人类历史发展规律、满足世界人民对美好生活向往的行动指南，为推动构建共同繁荣、普遍安全、文明交流互鉴的新型国际秩序注入了最大确定性。

(Author’s bio: Liu Zhigang, Professor in the Editorial Department of the Journal of the Party School of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the CPC, Distinguished Researcher at the Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era)

（作者简介：刘志刚，中共江苏省委党校校刊部教授、江苏省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心特聘研究员）

Online editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心